江苏省宿迁市马陵中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期初学情调研考试英语试题

高二年级期初学情调研考试（2025.8) 英语试卷 (满分：150分 时间：120分钟) 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自 己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答第卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如稀改动，用橡皮擦千净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3.回答第卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4.,考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分75分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。 1.What subject is Andy interested in? A.Maths. B.English. C.PE. 2.What does the man think of the dress? A.It is tight. B.It is attractive. C.It is colorful. 3.What animal does the woman own? A.Adog. B.Acat. C.Amouse. 4.Where does the conversation take place? A.At home. B.In a school. C.In a hospital. 5.How many times was Philip told his dinner was ready? A.One. B.Two. C.Three. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 高二期初试卷第1页/供12页 6.What does the woman think of the film? A.Satisfying. B.Disappointing. C.Confusing. 7.What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Workmates. B.Acouple. C.Neighbors. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8.What does the man suggest the woman do? A.Follow his work plan. B.Study together with him. C.Schedule her study properly. 9.When have the speakers decided to hold the party? A.On Friday. B.On Saturday. C.On Sunday. 10.What will the woman do? A.Do some revision.B.Have a break. C.Buy some snacks. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11.What worries Clare? A.Taking a course.B.Having an exam. C.Making notes. 12.What is the man's view on the notes? A.They are quite formal. B.They are perfectly complete. C.They are unnecessarily long. 13.What does the man suggest the woman do? A.Use symbols.B.Improve memory. C.Remember key terms. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14.What is the man? A.Abusinessman. B.Areporter. C.Ahost. 15.What does the woman say about the cafe market? A.It needs some changes. B.It's highly profitable. C.It's full of chances. 16.What does the Parisian Cafe provide? A.A family atmosphere. B.Interesting interactions. C.A new coffee flavor. 17.What is known about the rabbits in the Parisian Cafe? A.They feed on coffee beans. 高二期初试卷第2页共12页 B.They are more peaceful than cats. C.They have no risk to customers'health. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18.What did King of Charles I do with ice creams? A.He passed a law for it. B.He improved the recipe. C.He created a festival for it. 19.Who made ice cream accessible to ordinary people? A.An English woman. B.ANew Jersey woman. C.A French woman. 20.What does the speaker mainly talk about? A.The flavor of ice cream. B.The varieties of ice cream. C.The development of ice cream. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A For the intrepid traveler seeking unique and off-the-beaten-path experiences,these four interational tourist destinations offer a plethora of captivating sights and activities. Destination 1:Machu Picchu,Peru Nestled high in the Andes Mountains,Machu Picchu is an archaeological wonder that has mystified and attracted scholars and adventurers alike.This ancient Incan citadel,often referred to as the"Lost City of the Incas,"is accessible'only by a strenuous hike or a train ride through breathtaking landscapes.Ihe ruins are replete with intricately carved stone structures,terraced fields,and sacred temples.The site's mysterious history and stunning natural setting make it a must-visit destination for those with a penchant for exploration. Destination 2:Santorini,Greece Renowned for its dramatic cliffs,cobalt-blue domes,and mesmerizing sunsets,Santorini is a paradise for aesthetes and romantics.The island's unique volcanic landscape offers a visual feast of multicolored cliffsides and crystal-clear waters.Wander through the charming white-washed villages of Oia and Fira,and savor the local cuisine,which includes fresh seafood and delicious Mediterranean delicacies.The island's luxurious resorts and spas provide the perfect respite after a lay ot exploring. 高二期初试卷第3页/供12页 Destination 3:Kyoto,Japan As the cultural heart of Japan,Kyoto is a city steeped in history and tradition.Home to numerous ancient temples,shrincs,and gardens,Kyoto offers a glimpse into Japan's rich cultural heritage.Visit the iconic Kinkaku-ji(Golden Pavilion).stroll through the serene Arashiyama Bamboo Grove,and experieuce a traditional tea ceremony.The city's traditional crafts,such as silk weaving and pottery,are also a draw for tourists seeking a more immersive cultural experience. Destination 4:Prague,Czech Republic With its fairytale-like architecture,Prague is a city that seems to have stepped out of a storybook.The city's Old Town Square is dominated by the Astronomical Clock,a medieval timepiece that is a maryel of engineering.Explore the narrow cobblestone streets and visit the many castles and palaces that dot the city.Prague's vibrant nightlife and world-class cuisine make it a popular destination for travelers from around the world. 21.What makes Machu Picchu a must-visit destination? A.Its ancient lost city of the Incas. B.Its unexplainable history and natural landscape. C.Its stone structures and sacred temples. D.Its easy accessibility to all travellers. 22.What do Destination 2 and Destination 4 have in common? A.They provide delicious delicacies. B.They are paradises for romantics. C.They are dominated by engineering marvels. D.They offer a visual feast of crystal-clear waters. 23.If you're interested in history,you can choose to visit A.Destination 2 and Destination 4 B.Destination 2 and Destination 3 C.Destination 1 and Destination 3 D.Destination and Destination 2 B A daughter complaincd to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her.She did not know if she was going to make it and wanted to give up.She was tired of fighting and struggling.It seemed as one problem was solved a new one arose. Her father a cook,took her to the kitchen.He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire.Soon the pots came to a boil.In one he placed carrots,in the second he placed eggs,and in the last he placed ground coffee beans.He let them sit and boil,without saying a word. 高二胡初试卷第4页/供12页 The daughter sucked her teeth and impatiently waited,wondering what he was doing.In about twenty minutes he turned off the bumers.He fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl.He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl.Then he ladled the coffee out and placed it in a mug.Tumning to her,he asked,"Darling,what do you see?" "Carrots,eggs,and coffee,"she replied. He brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots.She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it.After pulling off the shell,she observed the hard-boiled egg.Finally,he asked ber to sip the coffee.She smiled,as she tasted its rich aroma. "What does it mean father?"she humbly asked.He explained that each of them had faced the same adversity,boiling water,but each reacted differently.The carrot went in strong,hard,and unrelenting;but after being subjected to the boiling water,it became softened and weak.The egg had been fragile;its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior,but after sitting through the boiling water,its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were unique,however;after they were in the boiling water,they had changed the water. "Which are you?"he asked his daughter. 24.Wby did the daughter complain to her father? A.Because she found that she was at a loss in her life. B.Because she found life was extremely cruel to her. C.Because she was tired of fighting and struggling with others. D.Because she doubted if she'd make it to addressing the boredom in life. 25.What did the father take his daughter to the kitchen for? A.To boil three things for her.B.To give her some inspiration. C.To explain to her what life is.D.To carry out an experiment with her. 26.What can be inferred from the text? A.The father seemed to be in favor of the egg most. B.The carrot was likely to be the daughter's favourite. C.The ground coffee beans chose to affect their surroundings. D.The three things all stood the test of the boiling water. 27:What's the best title for the text? A.A best choice B.A vivid lesson C.A tough challenge D.Arough ride C When driving,Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behavior she sees on the road.She then feeds these into machine-leaming algorithms(),a form of AI,which she is 高二期初试卷第5页/供12页 helping develop for Porsche Engineering. Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car,known in the industry as Level 5,should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention (from the driver,and deal with all situations on the road.But this is proving hard to achieve,and many attempts to do so are being abandoned.Last year,for instance,Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars. Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer.However,just as people take time to learn how to drive sefely,se de machines And machines are not quick leamners. The RAND Cerporation caleulates that to develop a system 20%sefer than a human driver, 100self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day,365 days a year. Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators( )These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality.Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ "game engines"to do this.These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive.Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics(ie,buildings are hard,people are soft)so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way.Once the software has been trained,it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track. How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen.Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software driver really can be safer than a human being. From Porsche's point of view,though,there is another question.Given that much of the reason owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills,just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging(rights away? 28.Why does Clara-Marina Martinez note the unusual behavior on the road? A.To market Porsche cars. B.To learn to be a responsible driver. C.To improve an AI technology. D.To enjoy riding in a self-driving car. 29.The problem with self-driving cars is that A.they learn as slowly as human beings B.they operate for a very short period of time C.they have to be monitored by human drivers D.they need a long time to reach a certain safety level 30.What does the underlined word"this"in paragraph 4 refer to? A.Figuring out the physical road dangers. 高二期初试卷 第6页/供12页 B.Speeding the development of process. C.Employing simulators on a test track. D.Separating the real world from the virtual world. 31 What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph? A.The reliability of car software. B.The driving skills of human beings. C.The future of the sports car market. D.The quality of self-driving cars in the future. D Studies have shown the mere exposure effect,also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions.It is a helpful psychological mechanism that helps us sustain our energy and focus our attention on other things.Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring.So unless we have a terrible experience,we are likely to buy from companies we've got used to.That is why companie's spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance ( companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones. It's not the case that we only desire things we already know.Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences,we sometimes see less familiar options as more desirable.But when acting on that preference,we fall back to what we know.This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don't quite match up.We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships. It's easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams.But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking.Where we imagine that change requires a quite dramatic swing that we don't feel ready for.Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration is complete exposure to novelty.While this can appear effective in the short term,we may only end up replacing one problem with another.It also risks overwhelm and burnout. So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead?Familiarity is something we can leam to play with and enjoy.It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion.We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit.If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lives to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently.From here,we will start to make decisions,drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable options. 32.What allows insurance companies to charge old customers more? A.The advertising cost. B.The improved service. 高二期初试卷 第7页/共12页 C.The principle of the market. D.The familiarity principle. 33.We can learn from paragraph 2 that A.Our preferences affect our decisions B.Familiarity tends to generate disrespect C.There can be a mismatch between desires and actions D.The familiarity principle is a double-edged sword 34.What is the author's attitude towards the solution in some articles? A.Objective. B.Tolerant. C.Disapproving. D.Reserved. 35.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Step Out of Your Familiarity Zone B.Gently Expand Your Familiarity Zone C.Spare a Thought for Your Preference D.Give Priority to the Mere Exposure Effect 第二节（共5小题每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America,62%of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had expected it to be when they were in school. It is of course possible to scan people's brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created,but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified.Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it.You cannot demand creativity from your mind,nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way. One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people.This is not true.37Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn't true.38 It is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense.They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for leaming rather than something that was unsuccessful.But now it is worrying that many schools are less concemed with nurturing creativity.However,without creativity,we are indistinguishable from the masses. 40 Meanwhile,we can also channel it to face the challenges of the future. A.We can use it to set ourselves apart. B.Everyone has the capacity to be creative. 高二期初试卷第8页供12页 It's difficult to define what creativity is. D.Rather,they should work to expand,grow,and exercise it. Ek's hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from. F.We can employ creativity to deal with the world Creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature. 第三部分：语言应用共两节，满分30分) 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 Atomic (shapes are so simple that they can't be broken down any further. Mathematicians are trying to 41artificial intelligence (AD to build a"periodic table"( 期表)of these shapes. Tom Coates at Imperial College London and his colleagues are working to classify ( atomic shapes42as Fano varieties,which are so simple that they-can't be broken down into smaller43.Just as chemists arranged elements in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group to44 new insights,the researchers hope that organizing these atomic shapes by their various 45 will help in understanding them. The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of numbers 46 its features such as the number of holes it has or the47 to which it twists around itself.This acts as a bar code (to48 it.Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone,with an 49 of 98 percent The team member Alexander Kasprzyk,who works at the University of Nottingham,UK, says that the AI has let the team organize atomic shapes in a way that begins to50the periodic table,51 when you read from left to right,or up and down,there seem to be organized patterns in the geometry (of the shapes. The team hopes to52the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes,which could 53 benefit further study. Graham Niblo at the University of Southampton,UK,stresses that humans will still need to understand the results provided by the AI and creates proofs of these ideas."AI has 54 got unbelievable abilities.But in the same way that telescopes()don't put astronomers out of work,AI doesn't put mathematicians out of work,"he says."It just gives us new55 that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach." 41.A.go about B.throw in C.break with D.turn to 高二期初试卷 第9页共12页 42.A.rewarded B.entitled C.encountered D.diverged 43.A.perspectives B.components C.variations D.transformations 44.A.reveal B.estimate C.enhance D.guarantee 45.A.predictions B.arrangements C.properties D.allowances 46.A.based on B.compared to C.bent on D.trapped in 47.A.scale B.dimension C.width D.extent 48.A.grasp B.identify C.imply D.cast 49.A.concept B.impression C.accuracy D.essence 50.A.differ B.multiple C.follow D.claim 51.A.as though B.so that C.even if D.now that 52.A.improve B.expose C.distinguish D.display 53.A.by turns B.in contrast C.in turn D.in return 54.A.definitely B.critically C.strikingly D.comprehensively 55.A.setting B.booming C.calling D.backing 第二节共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since the central authorities confirmed for the first time in an important resolution issued in July that 56(aeia retirement will be advanced on a "voluntary and flexible"basis,the narrative is no more about if,but when and how the statutory retirement age (raise). China has58 serious aging population problem,a trend that is unlikely to be mitigated (anytime soon.As the trend continues,the country may face labor shortages and pension )59 (pressure)in the future.That is 60 the central authorities plan to raise the retirement age. China's current retirement age has obviously not kept pace its changing demography(人口s统计)as well as social and economic development,.especially at a time when the country's average life expectancy has gone up by more than 30 years from it was 70 years ago and the kind of work people do is no longer just manual. However,the related authorities should also face up to the grim reality that many young people in China nowadays cannot find jobs,and in some sectors such as the internet,employees aged 35 or above (lose)their jobs. (address)this,the authorities should adopt a prudent (and considerate approach,and,if necessary,introduce some65 upport)social security measures. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） 66.假定你是中学生李华，你因故不能参加下周六在学校礼堂举行的中国古诗词书法展， 高二期初试卷 第10页/共12页