内容正文:
2019新人教版 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 必须掌握的词根词缀
单词
前缀
词根/词基(含义)
后缀
中文义
stadium
stad(站立)
ium(场所)
体育场
badminton
badminton(地名)
羽毛球
marathon
marathon(地名)
马拉松
event
e- (=ex-) 出
vent(来)
赛事
gymnastics
gymn(裸身训练)
ics(学科)
体操
legend
leg(读)
end
传奇
athlete
athl(竞赛)
ete
运动员
master
mag(大)
ster
大师
honour
hon(尊敬)
our
荣誉
glory
glor(名声)
y
荣耀
medal
med(金属)
al
奖牌
determination
de- 加强
termin(界限)
ation
决心
injure
in- 进入
jur(法律/伤害)
e
伤害
captain
cap(头)
ain
队长
graceful
grace(优雅)
ful
优美的
strength
streng(强)
th
力量
failure
fail(失败)
ure
失败
compete
com- 共同
pet(追求)
e
竞争
pretend
pre- 前
tend(伸)
d
假装
million
mille(千)
ion
百万
audience
aud(听)
ience
观众
positive
pos(放置)
itive
积极的
stress
strict(拉紧)
s
压力
error
err(走错)
or
错误
【必须掌握的 12 个高频词根 / 词缀】
词根词缀
含义
已学例词
再举 2 个衍生词
pet / petit
追求、竞争
compete
competition, appetite
termin
界限、终点
determine
terminal, terminate
aud(i)
听
audience
audio, audition
vis / vid
看
vision
visible, evidence
cap / capit
头、首
captain
capital, decapitate
jur / just
法律、伤害
injury
justice, jury
pos / posit
放置
positive
position, deposit
err
走错、犯错
error
erroneous, erratic
ion / tion
名词后缀
determination
competition, solution
ful
充满的
graceful
useful, powerful
com- / con-
共同、加强
compete, contact
combine, collect
ment
名词后缀
arrangement
movement, government
【考试/阅读出现频率高的词根词缀】
词根
含义
构词能力
考试/阅读出现频率
-vent-
来,出现
高(event, prevent, convent)
⭐⭐⭐⭐
-tract-
拉,拖
极高(attract, contract, subtract)
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-aud-
听
高(audio, audience, auditorium)
⭐⭐⭐⭐
-pos-
放,放置
极高(compose, dispose, impose, oppose)
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
-termin-
界限,终点
高(determine, terminate, exterminate)
⭐⭐⭐⭐
-pet-
追求,寻求
高(compete, appetite, petition)
⭐⭐⭐⭐
-jur-
法律,正义
中高(jury, injure, perjure)
⭐⭐⭐
-ness
状态,性质(名词后缀)
极高(几乎所有形容词可加)
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
【词根闯关练习题】
一、选择题(选出含目标词根的单词)
1. 含“竞争/追求”词根 pet 的是
A. appetite B. injury C. captain D. error ( )
2. 含“界限”词根 termin 的是
A. terminal B. audience C. graceful D. transport ( )
3. 含“听”词根 aud 的是
A. audio B. vision C. error D. captain ( )
4. 含“看”词根 vis / vid 的是
A. visible B. injury C. determine D. compete ( )
5. 含“头”词根 cap 的是
A. capital B. positive C. error D. audience ( )
二、填空题(用括号成分造词)
6. com- + pet + ition → ________(竞争名词)
7. grace + ful → ________(优雅的)
8. determine + ation → ________(决心名词)
三、连线题(把词根连到中文义)
9. jur a. 看
10. vis b. 法律/伤害
11. aud c. 听
12. termin d. 界限
四、下列每题只有一个正确答案,请在括号内填写字母。
1. 下列哪个单词含有“追求 / 竞争”含义的词根
2. A. captain B. injury C. appetite D. error ( )
3. 下列哪个单词含有“界限 / 终点”含义的词根?
4. A. transport B. audience C. graceful D. terminal ( )
5. 下列哪个单词含有“听”含义的词根 ?
A. audio B. vision C. error D. captain ( )
6. 下列哪个单词含有“看”含义的词根?
A. determine B. injury C. visible D. compete ( )
7. 下列哪个单词含有“头 / 首”含义的词根?
A. positive B. capital C. error D. audience ( )
8. 下列哪个单词含有“放置”含义的词根?
A. position B. captain C. injury D. error ( )
9. 下列哪个单词含有“法律 / 伤害”含义的词根?
A. justice B. vision C. audience D. determine ( )
10. 下列哪个单词含有“走错 / 犯错”含义的词根?
A. graceful B. transport C. error D. compete ( )
11. 下列哪个单词含有“共同 / 加强”含义的前缀?
A. compete B. injury C. statue D. hike ( )
12. 下列哪个单词含有“名词后缀” -ion / tion?
A. credit B. graceful C competition. D. transport ( )
五、进阶选择题
1. “Attract” means to:
A. push away B. pull toward
C. stand still D. run fast
2. The word "determination" contains the root "-termin-", which means:
A. to love B. to see
C. boundary, end D. to write
3. If someone files a "petition", they are:
A. eating quickly B. formally asking for something
C. running a race D. building a house
4. "Audible" means:
A. able to be seen B. able to be heard
C. able to be touched D. able to be smelled
5. The prefix "com-" in "compete" means:
A. against B. without
C. together D. after
6. "Intervene" comes from "inter-" + "-ven-". It most likely means:
A. to come between B. to come after
C. to come before D. to come again
7. "Opposite" contains the root "-pos-". What does "op-" mean?
A. on B. under
C. against, facing D. around
8. "Injury" is related to injustice because both contain:
A. -vent- B. -jur-
C. -tract- D. -ness
9. Which word does NOT contain the root "-pos-"?
A. compose B. dispose
C. suppose D. distract
10. "Event" literally means:
A. something hidden B. something that comes out
C. something forgotten D. something repeated
【参考答案】
一、选择题;1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A
二、填空题:6 competition 7 graceful 8 determination
三、连线题9-b 10-a 11-c 12-d
四、选择题
1 C 2 D 3 A 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 A 8 C 9 A 10 C
五.进阶练习答案与详细解析
题号
答案
解析
1
B
at- = ad-(向),-tract- = 拉 → attract = 吸引(拉向)
2
C
-termin- = 界限,终点 → determination = 下定决心(设定界限)
3
B
-pet- = 追求 → petition = 正式请求(追求某事)
4
B
-aud- = 听,-ible = 能…的 → audible = 能听见的
5
C
com- = 一起 → compete = 一起追求目标 → 竞争
6
A
inter- = 在…之间,-ven- = 来 → intervene = 插入中间 → 介入
7
C
op- = ob- 的变体,表示“对面,反对” → opposite = 放在对面
8
B
injury 和 injustice 都含 -jur-(法律/正义)→ “不公”即伤害
9
D
distract = dis- + -tract-(拉走);其他三项都含 -pos-(放置)
10
B
e- = ex-(出),-vent- = 来 → event = 出来发生的事
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$