热点话题10 科学精神与创造能力（话题阅读精练）英语高二通用版

热点话题10 科学精神与创造能力 教材相关主题 教材 单元 主题 人教版选择性必修一 Unit 1 People of Achievement 人教版选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 外研版选择性必修三 Unit 3 A life’s work 译林版选择性必修二 Unit 4 Living with technology 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 通过讲述Carly Anne York的研究经历以及海萤研究的例子，探讨了基础科学研究的价值，强调基础科学研究虽不一定有立竿见影的应用成果。 Passage 2 阅读理解 探讨了人们对科学知识持怀疑态度的原因。 Passage 3 阅读理解 介绍了欧洲研究团队研发的首个能表达情感的机器人NAO，包括其情感表达方式、功能及未来应用方向。 Passage 4 阅读理解 加州的科技公司Not Impossible Labs研发的一款利用振动脉冲，能使聋人通过皮肤感受音乐的振动服。 Passage 5 阅读理解 孩子们开始作为自然科学家，渴望观察他们周围的世界，帮助他们享受科学家很简单。 Passage 6 阅读理解 介绍了日本建筑师利用新技术设计透明墙公共卫生间及其相关情况。 主题简析素材积累 本专题的主题语境为 “科学精神与创造能力”，该主题在英语课程标准中是关于 “人与社会” 主题下 “科学技术” 范畴的子话题。它聚焦于科学家们在探索未知、追求真理过程中所展现出的精神品质，以及人类凭借创造能力推动科学进步的历程。通过对这一主题的学习，学生能够深入理解科学研究的本质，体会科学家们的奉献精神，培养自身的批判性思维和创新意识，进而提升英语语言综合运用能力，尤其是在涉及科学相关话题的听说读写技能。 句子积累 It is the scientific spirit that enables scientists to make great achievements.（强调句，突出科学精神的作用）正是科学精神使科学家们能够取得巨大成就。 A scientist should not only have rich knowledge, but also possess creative thinking.（not only...but also... 结构，阐述科学家应具备的素质）一位科学家不仅要有丰富的知识，还应具备创造性思维。 Without creative ability, it would be difficult to make progress in science.（without 引导的虚拟语气，说明创造能力对科学进步的重要性）没有创造能力，在科学上很难取得进步。 The great scientist is dedicated to his research and has made significant contributions to the field of medicine.（be dedicated to... 结构，描述科学家专注研究并做出贡献）这位伟大的科学家致力于他的研究，为医学领域做出了重大贡献。 Only by constantly challenging the existing theories can we promote the development of science.（only 位于句首引导倒装句，强调通过挑战现有理论推动科学发展）只有不断挑战现有理论，我们才能促进科学的发展。 It takes patience and perseverance to carry out scientific experiments.（it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，说明进行科学实验需要耐心和毅力）进行科学实验需要耐心和毅力。 The new discovery in science is the result of the scientists’ creative thinking and hard work.（表达科学新发现是科学家创造性思维和努力工作的结果）科学上的新发现是科学家们创造性思维和辛勤工作的结果。 Scientists often come up with new ideas and then test them through experiments.（描述科学家提出想法并通过实验验证的过程）科学家们常常提出新的想法，然后通过实验来检验它们。 In the face of difficulties, a scientist with a strong scientific spirit will never give up.（in the face of... 结构，说明面对困难时科学家的态度）面对困难时，具有强烈科学精神的科学家永远不会放弃。 The development of science depends on the joint efforts of scientists with innovative thinking.（表达科学发展依赖具有创新思维的科学家的共同努力）科学的发展依赖于具有创新思维的科学家们的共同努力。 必备词块 scientific spirit 科学精神 creative ability 创造能力 critical thinking 批判性思维 make contributions to 对…… 做出贡献 be dedicated to 致力于 come up with 提出（想法、计划等） carry out experiments 进行实验 in the field of science 在科学领域 scientific method 科学方法 innovative thinking 创新思维 break through 突破 have a passion for 对…… 有热情 face challenges 面对挑战 pursue truth 追求真理 test hypothesis 检验假设 实战演练 Passage 1 What’s the purpose of your study? It’s the question many basic-science researchers fear. And it’s the question that Carly Anne York received 10 years ago from a volunteer. At that time, York was a Ph.D．student studying squid (鱿鱼). When asked why money should be spent on what the volunteer called “silly science,” York could only respond by stressing the essential value of knowledge. Today, York, an animal physiologist, still doesn’t know how her doctoral research can directly benefit humankind. But after a decade of studying how animals interact with their environments, York has come to realize that the focus on immediate applications is not the goal of basic science. Rather, it seeks to deeply understand natural events. That doesn’t mean the research is worthless. As York details in her new book, The Salmon Cannon and the Levitating Frog, projects that could be considered silly or useless can lead to scientific advances that better our lives. Take the study of sea fireflies. The tiny creature’s glow (发光) had puzzled scientists for decades. Researchers knew that something produced the shine, but many avoided studying it because it was considered challenging and probably useless to humans. That was until Japanese chemist Osamu Shimomura found it in 1956. Based on this work, Shimomura and his team did further research on jellyfish, and identified two of the proteins (蛋白质) responsible for its glow, which transformed biological research and medicine. For instance, doctors now use the proteins to better see and avoid nerves (神经) during surgery, as well as to track the spread of cancer cells in the body. The discovery earned Shimomura the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Skillfully using her wisdom, York reminds us in her book that it’s nearly impossible for a science project to follow a direct path that results in an immediately applicable outcome. This book is a timely reminder especially when the U.S. government cuts science funding today. “I am also appreciative of the scientists who built the path to advance basic research,” York writes. “I hope that after reading this book you will be as well?” 1．What can we infer from the question in the first paragraph? A．The value of York’s work was doubted. B．Much money was wasted on York’s study. C．Researchers feared the failure of their work. D．Most research work lacked specific purposes 2．What is the goal of basic science according to York? A．To have immediate applications. B．To create life-changing inventions. C．To understand the natural world. D．To build human-nature relationship. 3．Which of the following best describes the study of sea fireflies? A．Costly and worthless. B．Important but fruitless. C．Practical but outdated. D．Inspiring and rewarding 4．What would York probably suggest about basic-science research? A．Promoting the outcome. B．Shortening the process. C．Supporting the funding. D．Improving the application. Passage 2 We live in an age when all scientific knowledge — from the safety of vaccines (疫苗) to the reality of climate change — faces organized and often angry opposition. Doubters have declared war on the consensus (共识) of experts. It seems that people have turned argumentative overnight. In a sense, all this is not surprising. Our lives are affected by science and technology as never before. The world seems full of real and imaginary dangers. Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you'll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural powers. In this often confusing world, we need to rely on science to decide whether what we choose to believe has a basis in the laws of nature or not. But science doesn't come naturally to most of us. Science has often led us to truths that are really mind-blowing. For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept. Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics. When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers. Yet two things happening together doesn't mean one caused the other. Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen beliefs that have already been shaped by their worldview. How can scientists convince doubters? Throwing more facts at people may not be enough. More efforts are supposed to be made. 1．How does the author prove his opinions? A．By giving examples. B．By making definitions. C．Through comparison. D．Through quotation. 2．What does the underlined word “mind-blowing” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Dangerous. B．Desirable. C．Unbelievable. D．Obvious. 3．How do “people” in paragraph 4 understand the world? A．They apply logical thinking. B．They rely on the information on the Internet. C．They form the views on assumptions. D．They stick to their own beliefs. 4．What's the text mainly about? A．How people view the world. B．Why people show disbelief in science. C．Whether science is worth respect. D．What challenges science faces. Passage 3 NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down.When he’s happy, he raises his arms for a hug.Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that NAO is a robot. “We’re modelling the first years of life,” says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire. “The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal (言语的) expressions.” In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In such uses, the display of emotion will be important in making the interactions (交互) more natural and comfortable. NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-­year­-old child. It can memorise faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feeling are preprogrammed, but NAO decides for itself when to display them. NAO is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful. Canamero’s team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents. Children might find that a small, friendly­looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. “We want to explore different roles — the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety,” she says. 1．According to the text, what do we know about NAO? A．It displays different feelings in different situations. B．It is able to imitate adult emotional displays. C．It can remember people’s feelings. D．It learns emotions from facial expressions. 2．What can we learn from the text? A．Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO’s emotions. B．The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre­programmed. C．Emotional programming is used in medicine production. D．Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable. 3．What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Courage. B．Anxiety. C．Anger. D．Satisfaction. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The relationship between humans and robots. B．The roles that robots play in different fields. C．The first robot able to show feelings. D．The long history of robots. Passage 4 Music is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker, music has always been a different experience. “When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor above our garage so that I could feel the vibrations (震动) from my brother’s band rocking out below my body. That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music,” said Burton. In 2016, his ability to experience music changed completely, thanks to the California – based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to “feel” music through their skin. The suit can translate audio (声音) into a range of vibrating pulses (脉冲) that are felt at 24 contact points. Burton has been wearing the suit for four years. “The sound drubs different parts of my body,” said Burton. “Maybe it will strike me in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back and wrists.” The creators want to extend the musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 vibrating suits at a rock concert where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear. Since then, the creators have been working to improve the technology and want the suit to become a consumer product accessible to all, which will be used in live sports broadcasts, or video games. As a writer and director, Burton has been working to make the movie world more inclusive. For his latest movie he hired all-deaf staff and actors. Burton hopes that the vibrating suits will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes that the suits can improve emotions while people are watching a movie for normal people as well as the deaf. “I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music or movies don’t always need to be enjoyed through the ears,” said Burton. 1．What does the underlined word “drubs” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Hits. B．Affects. C．Changes. D．Reflects. 2．Why were normal people provided with the vibrating suit by the creators? A．To attract more users. B．To promote the sale. C．To make people enjoy music. D．To carry out an experiment. 3．What does Burton expect of the vibrating suit in the future? A．It will be used by his film audiences. B．It will help improve the actors’ emotions. C．It will become the main theme in his movies. D．It will change the normal’s attitude to the deaf. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Deaf Filmmaker’s Musical Experiences B．The Application of Vibrating Suits to Films C．Wearable Devices for Deaf People Are Coming D．Vibrating Suits Allow Deaf People to Feel Music Passage 5 Children start out as natural scientists eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity. Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours . Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after asking a question adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense children are always thinking without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want in as few words as possible so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop . 1．According to the passage, children are natural scientists and to raise their interest the most important thing for adults to do is ________. A．to share the children’s curiosity B．to let them see the world around C．to explain difficult phrases about science D．to supply the children with lab equipment 2．In the last sentence of the first paragraph the word “lists” could best be replaced by ________. A．any questions B．questions from textbooks C．any number of questions D．any problems 3．According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical complete and creative way if adults ________. A．ask them to answer quickly B．wait for one or two seconds after a question C．tell them to answer the next day D．wait at least for three seconds after a question 4．The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________. A．tell their children stories instead of reciting facts B．offer their children chances to see things for themselves C．be patient enough when their children answer questions D．encourage their children to ask questions of their own Passage 6 The idea of using a public bathroom with see-through walls may sound like a nightmare. But a famous Japanese architect is hoping to change that view, using new technology to make restrooms in Tokyo parks more appealing. “There are two things we worry about when entering a public restroom, especially those located at a park,” according to architect Shigeru Ban’s firm. “The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside.” The newly-invented transparent walls can turn off both of those worries, Ban says, by showing people what waits for them inside. After users enter the restroom and lock the door, the room’s walls turn a powdery pastel (彩色蜡笔的，柔和的) shade — and are no longer see-through. Ban’s transparent facilities are sure to make for great conversation among visitors to the park — and they’ll stand out even more after dark. “At night, the facility lights up the park like a beautiful lantern,” the architect’s website says. The group is behind the Tokyo Toilet project, enlisting (招募) world-famous architects to create toilets “like you’ve never seen.” The project’s eye-catching toilets are part of a plan to put people at ease when visiting a public bathroom. The project may seem silly, but the 16 architects who are reimagining public toilets are some of the brightest names in Japanese architecture. The list includes four Pritzker Prize winners — Ban, Toyo Ito, Tadao Ando and Fumihiko Maki — along with international stars such as Kengo Kuma and Sou Fujimoto. The fashion designer Nigo is also contributing. Ban’s colorful public bathrooms opened to the public this month in two parks: Yoyogi Fukamachi Mini Park and Haru-no-Ogawa Community Park. Others will be opening in coming months. 1．Why are people often worried before entering a public restroom? A．It’s not always clean. B．It’s usually at a huge distance. C．Its lock is usually useless. D．It’s always occupied. 2．What does the underlined word “transparent” mean in the third paragraph? A．Full of bright colors. B．Not easy to see through. C．Easy to see through. D．Thick and strong. 3．What do we know about the project from the last two paragraphs? A．It’s impractical and silly. B．It’s rewarding and famous. C．It has won the Pritzker Prize. D．It’s the fruit of collective wisdom. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Should the public restrooms be upgraded? B．The new high-tech walls of public restrooms are coming. C．How do we live with see-through public facilities? D．Some famous architects designed a silly project. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题10 科学精神与创造能力 教材相关主题 教材 单元 主题 人教版选择性必修一 Unit 1 People of Achievement 人教版选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 外研版选择性必修三 Unit 3 A life’s work 译林版选择性必修二 Unit 4 Living with technology 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 通过讲述Carly Anne York的研究经历以及海萤研究的例子，探讨了基础科学研究的价值，强调基础科学研究虽不一定有立竿见影的应用成果。 Passage 2 阅读理解 探讨了人们对科学知识持怀疑态度的原因。 Passage 3 阅读理解 介绍了欧洲研究团队研发的首个能表达情感的机器人NAO，包括其情感表达方式、功能及未来应用方向。 Passage 4 阅读理解 加州的科技公司Not Impossible Labs研发的一款利用振动脉冲，能使聋人通过皮肤感受音乐的振动服。 Passage 5 阅读理解 孩子们开始作为自然科学家，渴望观察他们周围的世界，帮助他们享受科学家很简单。 Passage 6 阅读理解 介绍了日本建筑师利用新技术设计透明墙公共卫生间及其相关情况。 主题简析素材积累 本专题的主题语境为 “科学精神与创造能力”，该主题在英语课程标准中是关于 “人与社会” 主题下 “科学技术” 范畴的子话题。它聚焦于科学家们在探索未知、追求真理过程中所展现出的精神品质，以及人类凭借创造能力推动科学进步的历程。通过对这一主题的学习，学生能够深入理解科学研究的本质，体会科学家们的奉献精神，培养自身的批判性思维和创新意识，进而提升英语语言综合运用能力，尤其是在涉及科学相关话题的听说读写技能。 句子积累 It is the scientific spirit that enables scientists to make great achievements.（强调句，突出科学精神的作用）正是科学精神使科学家们能够取得巨大成就。 A scientist should not only have rich knowledge, but also possess creative thinking.（not only...but also... 结构，阐述科学家应具备的素质）一位科学家不仅要有丰富的知识，还应具备创造性思维。 Without creative ability, it would be difficult to make progress in science.（without 引导的虚拟语气，说明创造能力对科学进步的重要性）没有创造能力，在科学上很难取得进步。 The great scientist is dedicated to his research and has made significant contributions to the field of medicine.（be dedicated to... 结构，描述科学家专注研究并做出贡献）这位伟大的科学家致力于他的研究，为医学领域做出了重大贡献。 Only by constantly challenging the existing theories can we promote the development of science.（only 位于句首引导倒装句，强调通过挑战现有理论推动科学发展）只有不断挑战现有理论，我们才能促进科学的发展。 It takes patience and perseverance to carry out scientific experiments.（it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，说明进行科学实验需要耐心和毅力）进行科学实验需要耐心和毅力。 The new discovery in science is the result of the scientists’ creative thinking and hard work.（表达科学新发现是科学家创造性思维和努力工作的结果）科学上的新发现是科学家们创造性思维和辛勤工作的结果。 Scientists often come up with new ideas and then test them through experiments.（描述科学家提出想法并通过实验验证的过程）科学家们常常提出新的想法，然后通过实验来检验它们。 In the face of difficulties, a scientist with a strong scientific spirit will never give up.（in the face of... 结构，说明面对困难时科学家的态度）面对困难时，具有强烈科学精神的科学家永远不会放弃。 The development of science depends on the joint efforts of scientists with innovative thinking.（表达科学发展依赖具有创新思维的科学家的共同努力）科学的发展依赖于具有创新思维的科学家们的共同努力。 必备词块 scientific spirit 科学精神 creative ability 创造能力 critical thinking 批判性思维 make contributions to 对…… 做出贡献 be dedicated to 致力于 come up with 提出（想法、计划等） carry out experiments 进行实验 in the field of science 在科学领域 scientific method 科学方法 innovative thinking 创新思维 break through 突破 have a passion for 对…… 有热情 face challenges 面对挑战 pursue truth 追求真理 test hypothesis 检验假设 实战演练 Passage 1 What’s the purpose of your study? It’s the question many basic-science researchers fear. And it’s the question that Carly Anne York received 10 years ago from a volunteer. At that time, York was a Ph.D．student studying squid (鱿鱼). When asked why money should be spent on what the volunteer called “silly science,” York could only respond by stressing the essential value of knowledge. Today, York, an animal physiologist, still doesn’t know how her doctoral research can directly benefit humankind. But after a decade of studying how animals interact with their environments, York has come to realize that the focus on immediate applications is not the goal of basic science. Rather, it seeks to deeply understand natural events. That doesn’t mean the research is worthless. As York details in her new book, The Salmon Cannon and the Levitating Frog, projects that could be considered silly or useless can lead to scientific advances that better our lives. Take the study of sea fireflies. The tiny creature’s glow (发光) had puzzled scientists for decades. Researchers knew that something produced the shine, but many avoided studying it because it was considered challenging and probably useless to humans. That was until Japanese chemist Osamu Shimomura found it in 1956. Based on this work, Shimomura and his team did further research on jellyfish, and identified two of the proteins (蛋白质) responsible for its glow, which transformed biological research and medicine. For instance, doctors now use the proteins to better see and avoid nerves (神经) during surgery, as well as to track the spread of cancer cells in the body. The discovery earned Shimomura the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Skillfully using her wisdom, York reminds us in her book that it’s nearly impossible for a science project to follow a direct path that results in an immediately applicable outcome. This book is a timely reminder especially when the U.S. government cuts science funding today. “I am also appreciative of the scientists who built the path to advance basic research,” York writes. “I hope that after reading this book you will be as well?” 1．What can we infer from the question in the first paragraph? A．The value of York’s work was doubted. B．Much money was wasted on York’s study. C．Researchers feared the failure of their work. D．Most research work lacked specific purposes 2．What is the goal of basic science according to York? A．To have immediate applications. B．To create life-changing inventions. C．To understand the natural world. D．To build human-nature relationship. 3．Which of the following best describes the study of sea fireflies? A．Costly and worthless. B．Important but fruitless. C．Practical but outdated. D．Inspiring and rewarding 4．What would York probably suggest about basic-science research? A．Promoting the outcome. B．Shortening the process. C．Supporting the funding. D．Improving the application. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕基础科学研究展开，通过讲述Carly Anne York的研究经历以及海萤研究的例子，探讨了基础科学研究的价值，强调基础科学研究虽不一定有立竿见影的应用成果，但对人类生活有着重要意义，同时呼吁支持基础科学研究的资金投入。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“When asked why money should be spent on what the volunteer called “silly science,” York could only respond by stressing the essential value of knowledge. (当被问及为什么要把钱花在这位志愿者所说的“愚蠢的科学”上时，York只能强调知识的根本价值作为回应。)”可知，志愿者认为York研究的是“愚蠢的科学”，质疑为什么要在这上面花钱，由此可推断出York工作的价值受到了质疑。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But after a decade of studying how animals interact with their environments, York has come to realize that the focus on immediate applications is not the goal of basic science. Rather, it seeks to deeply understand natural events. (但在花了十年时间研究动物如何与环境互动之后，York开始意识到，关注即时应用并非基础科学的目标。相反，基础科学旨在深入理解自然现象。)”可知，York认为基础科学的目的是深入了解自然事件，即了解自然世界。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Take the study of sea fireflies. The tiny creature’s glow (发光) had puzzled scientists for decades. Researchers knew that something produced the shine, but many avoided studying it because it was considered challenging and probably useless to humans. That was until Japanese chemist Osamu Shimomura found it in 1956. Based on this work, Shimomura and his team did further research on jellyfish, and identified two of the proteins (蛋白质) responsible for its glow, which transformed biological research and medicine. For instance, doctors now use the proteins to better see and avoid nerves (神经) during surgery, as well as to track the spread of cancer cells in the body. The discovery earned Shimomura the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry. (以对海萤的研究为例。这种微小生物的发光现象几十年来一直困扰着科学家。研究人员知道有某种物质产生了这种光亮，但许多人都避免研究它，因为这被认为具有挑战性，而且可能对人类无用。直到1956年日本化学家下村修发现了它。基于这项工作，下村修和他的团队对水母进行了进一步研究，并确定了两种导致其发光的蛋白质，这彻底改变了生物学研究和医学。例如，医生现在利用这些蛋白质在手术中更好地观察并避开神经，同时追踪癌细胞在体内的扩散。这一发现为下村修赢得了2008年诺贝尔化学奖。)”可知，起初该研究被认为具有挑战性且可能对人类无用，但后来基于此研究，科学家们有了重要发现，这些发现改变了生物研究和医学，相关研究者还获得了诺贝尔奖。由此可推知，对海萤的研究是富有启发性且有回报的。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This book is a timely reminder especially when the U.S. government cuts science funding today. “I am also appreciative of the scientists who built the path to advance basic research,” York writes. “I hope that after reading this book you will be as well?” (这本书是一个及时的提醒，尤其是在如今美国政府削减科学资金的情况下。“我也感激那些为推动基础研究开辟道路的科学家们，” 约克写道。“我希望读完这本书后，你也会如此？”)”可推知，York可能会建议支持基础科学研究的资金投入。故选C项。 Passage 2 We live in an age when all scientific knowledge — from the safety of vaccines (疫苗) to the reality of climate change — faces organized and often angry opposition. Doubters have declared war on the consensus (共识) of experts. It seems that people have turned argumentative overnight. In a sense, all this is not surprising. Our lives are affected by science and technology as never before. The world seems full of real and imaginary dangers. Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you'll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural powers. In this often confusing world, we need to rely on science to decide whether what we choose to believe has a basis in the laws of nature or not. But science doesn't come naturally to most of us. Science has often led us to truths that are really mind-blowing. For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept. Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics. When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers. Yet two things happening together doesn't mean one caused the other. Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen beliefs that have already been shaped by their worldview. How can scientists convince doubters? Throwing more facts at people may not be enough. More efforts are supposed to be made. 1．How does the author prove his opinions? A．By giving examples. B．By making definitions. C．Through comparison. D．Through quotation. 2．What does the underlined word “mind-blowing” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Dangerous. B．Desirable. C．Unbelievable. D．Obvious. 3．How do “people” in paragraph 4 understand the world? A．They apply logical thinking. B．They rely on the information on the Internet. C．They form the views on assumptions. D．They stick to their own beliefs. 4．What's the text mainly about? A．How people view the world. B．Why people show disbelief in science. C．Whether science is worth respect. D．What challenges science faces. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了人们对科学知识持怀疑态度的原因。作者指出在如今这个科学知识面临反对的时代，人们在理解世界时往往依赖个人经验、情感等而非科学依据，即使接受过科学教育也难以改变。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you'll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural powers. (尽管科学家们一致认为埃博拉病毒仅通过与血液或体液的直接接触传播，但如果你在互联网搜索引擎中输入“空气传播的埃博拉病毒”，你会发现有些人认为这种病毒几乎具有超自然的力量。)”以及第三段中“For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept. (例如，尽管地球是圆的这一事实已经被知晓数千年了，但有些人仍然觉得难以接受。)”可知，作者通过举埃博拉病毒传播方式以及地球是圆的这两个例子来证明自己的观点，即人们对科学知识存在怀疑。故选A项。 2．词义猜测题。根据后文“For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept. (例如，尽管地球是圆的这一事实已经被知晓数千年了，但有些人仍然觉得难以接受。)”可知，尽管地球是圆的这一事实已经被知晓数千年，但有些人仍然难以接受。这说明科学常常引导我们发现一些让人难以接受的真理，“mind-blowing (难以置信的)”与unbelievable意思相近。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics. (即使当人们接受了科学教育，他们中的大多数人仍然试图通过依靠个人经验、故事或情感而不是统计数据来理解这个世界。)”以及“Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen beliefs that have already been shaped by their worldview. (即使当他们求助于互联网时，他们也只接受他们认同的信息，以强化已经由他们的世界观所形成的信念。)”可知，即使人们接受了科学教育，大多数人仍然依靠个人经验、故事或情感来理解世界，并且在上网时只接受他们认同的信息来强化已经由他们的世界观形成的信念，也就是他们坚持自己的信念。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇指出如今科学知识面临反对，人们对专家的共识宣战，接着阐述了在如今这个复杂的世界里，科学对大多数人来说并不自然，人们理解世界的方式存在问题，最后提出科学家如何说服怀疑者的问题。整体围绕人们为什么对科学表示怀疑展开论述。故选B项。 Passage 3 NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down.When he’s happy, he raises his arms for a hug.Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that NAO is a robot. “We’re modelling the first years of life,” says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire. “The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal (言语的) expressions.” In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In such uses, the display of emotion will be important in making the interactions (交互) more natural and comfortable. NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-­year­-old child. It can memorise faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feeling are preprogrammed, but NAO decides for itself when to display them. NAO is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful. Canamero’s team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents. Children might find that a small, friendly­looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. “We want to explore different roles — the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety,” she says. 1．According to the text, what do we know about NAO? A．It displays different feelings in different situations. B．It is able to imitate adult emotional displays. C．It can remember people’s feelings. D．It learns emotions from facial expressions. 2．What can we learn from the text? A．Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO’s emotions. B．The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre­programmed. C．Emotional programming is used in medicine production. D．Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable. 3．What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Courage. B．Anxiety. C．Anger. D．Satisfaction. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The relationship between humans and robots. B．The roles that robots play in different fields. C．The first robot able to show feelings. D．The long history of robots. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍欧洲研究团队研发的首个能表达情感的机器人NAO，包括其情感表达方式、功能及未来应用方向。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he’s happy, he raises his arms for a hug. (当NAO难过时，他会低下头向下看。当他开心时，他会举起手臂寻求拥抱。)”可知，NAO能在不同情境下表现出不同的情感。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Children might find that a small, friendly­looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. (孩子们可能会发现，一个看起来友好、能理解他们情绪状态的小机器人会让他们不那么焦虑。)”可知，具有情感技能的机器人能帮助孩子们感觉更舒适。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful. (一个更具自主性的机器人在探查房间时，不太可能寻求帮助，而一个更胆小的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西，会表现出distress。)”可知，前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的，句中的while表示对比，由此可以判断，后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出焦虑，所以划线单词“distress”意为“焦虑”。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据首段中的“NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. (欧洲研究团队研发出首个能表达情感的机器人NAO。)”以及随后围绕NAO的情感表达、功能、编程及未来应用的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。故选C项。 Passage 4 Music is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker, music has always been a different experience. “When I was a kid, I’d lie on the floor above our garage so that I could feel the vibrations (震动) from my brother’s band rocking out below my body. That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music,” said Burton. In 2016, his ability to experience music changed completely, thanks to the California – based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to “feel” music through their skin. The suit can translate audio (声音) into a range of vibrating pulses (脉冲) that are felt at 24 contact points. Burton has been wearing the suit for four years. “The sound drubs different parts of my body,” said Burton. “Maybe it will strike me in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back and wrists.” The creators want to extend the musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 vibrating suits at a rock concert where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear. Since then, the creators have been working to improve the technology and want the suit to become a consumer product accessible to all, which will be used in live sports broadcasts, or video games. As a writer and director, Burton has been working to make the movie world more inclusive. For his latest movie he hired all-deaf staff and actors. Burton hopes that the vibrating suits will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes that the suits can improve emotions while people are watching a movie for normal people as well as the deaf. “I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music or movies don’t always need to be enjoyed through the ears,” said Burton. 1．What does the underlined word “drubs” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Hits. B．Affects. C．Changes. D．Reflects. 2．Why were normal people provided with the vibrating suit by the creators? A．To attract more users. B．To promote the sale. C．To make people enjoy music. D．To carry out an experiment. 3．What does Burton expect of the vibrating suit in the future? A．It will be used by his film audiences. B．It will help improve the actors’ emotions. C．It will become the main theme in his movies. D．It will change the normal’s attitude to the deaf. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Deaf Filmmaker’s Musical Experiences B．The Application of Vibrating Suits to Films C．Wearable Devices for Deaf People Are Coming D．Vibrating Suits Allow Deaf People to Feel Music 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文为一篇新闻报道。加州的科技公司Not Impossible Labs研发的一款利用振动脉冲，能使聋人通过皮肤感受音乐的振动服。文章介绍了这个服装的工作原理，研究过程，以及未来前景。 1．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to ‘feel’ music through their skin. The suit can translate audio into a range of vibrating pulses (脉冲) that are felt at 24 contact points. Burton has been wearing the suit for four years. (该公司设计了一种振动服，使聋人能够通过他们的皮肤‘感受’音乐。这套服装可以将声音转换成一系列的，在24个接触点都能感受到的振动脉冲。伯顿穿这套服装已经四年了。)”和下文“Maybe it will strike me in my ankles first. And then I’ll start to feel the vibrations in my back and wrists. (也许它会先打到我的脚踝。然后我就会开始感觉到后背和手腕的震动。)”可知，人体皮肤的24个接触点接收到音乐的震动脉冲，故随着音乐的变化，震动脉冲打击在身体的24个不同的接触点上。由此推测划线词drub与下文的strike同义，与A项“hit(击打，撞击)”同义。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“The creators want to extend the musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 vibrating suits at a rock concert where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear. Since then, the creators have been working to improve the technology and want the suit to become a consumer product accessible to all, which will be used in live sports broadcasts, or video games. (创作者希望将音乐体验扩展到聋人社区之外。2018年，他们在一场摇滚音乐会上分发了150套振动服，其中一半观众是聋人，一半观众是听得见的。从那以后，发明者一直在努力改进这项技术，希望这服装成为一种面向所有人的消费产品，将被用于体育直播或视频游戏。)”可知，发明者给非聋哑人体验这个振动服，根据反馈对服装进行改进，使它能为聋人和非聋人都能使用，故发明者的目的是进行实验，获取相关信息。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Burton hopes that the vibrating suits will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes that the suits can improve emotions while people are watching a movie for normal people as well as the deaf. (伯顿希望他的电影观众在未来也能看到这种震动服。他认为，这种服装可以改善人们在看电影时的情绪，无论是正常人还是聋人。)”可知，Burton期待在未来，这个用皮肤感受音乐振动服能为电影观众观影时所用。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Music is said to be a universal language. But for Chase Burton, a deaf filmmaker, music has always been a different experience. (据说音乐是一种通用语言。但对于蔡斯·伯顿这位聋的电影制作人来说，音乐一直是一种不同的体验。)”可知，Chase Burton是个聋人，在感知音乐上体验不同；第三段中“In 204, his ability to experience music changed completely, thanks to the California – based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to ‘feel’ music through their skin. The suit can translate audio into a range of vibrating pulses (脉冲) that are felt at 24 contact points. Burton has been wearing the suit for four years. (该公司设计了一种振动服，使聋人能够通过他们的皮肤‘感受’音乐。这套服装可以将声音转换成一系列的，在24个接触点都能感受到的振动脉冲。伯顿穿这套服装已经四年了。)”可知，一个名叫Not Impossible Labs的公司研发了一种振动服，使聋人也感受到了音乐。文章介绍了这个服装的工作原理，技术研发过程以及未来的前景。D项“Vibrating Suits Allow Deaf People to Feel Music (振动服让聋人感受音乐)”，符合作文章标题。故选D项。 Passage 5 Children start out as natural scientists eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity. Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours . Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after asking a question adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense children are always thinking without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want in as few words as possible so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop . 1．According to the passage, children are natural scientists and to raise their interest the most important thing for adults to do is ________. A．to share the children’s curiosity B．to let them see the world around C．to explain difficult phrases about science D．to supply the children with lab equipment 2．In the last sentence of the first paragraph the word “lists” could best be replaced by ________. A．any questions B．questions from textbooks C．any number of questions D．any problems 3．According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical complete and creative way if adults ________. A．ask them to answer quickly B．wait for one or two seconds after a question C．tell them to answer the next day D．wait at least for three seconds after a question 4．The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________. A．tell their children stories instead of reciting facts B．offer their children chances to see things for themselves C．be patient enough when their children answer questions D．encourage their children to ask questions of their own 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，说明了孩子们开始作为自然科学家，渴望观察他们周围的世界，帮助他们享受科学家很简单。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Children start out as natural scientists eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity.(孩子们一开始是自然科学家，渴望了解周围的世界。帮助他们享受科学很容易；不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备。你只需要分享你孩子的好奇心)”可知，孩子是自然科学家，为了提高他们的兴趣，成年人最重要的事情是分享孩子们的好奇心。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据前文“I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering we sat facing one another in silence.(我曾经参观过一个7岁孩子们的教室，把科学作为一项工作来讨论。孩子们问我一些“教科书式的问题”，比如学校的薪水，以及我是否喜欢我的工作。我回答完后，我们面对面地坐着，一言不发)”可知，作者和孩子们是完成了一些“教科书式的问题”，所以lists可以替换为“课本上的问题”。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after asking a question adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers.(其次，给他们思考的时间。过去30年的研究表明，在提出一个问题后，成年人通常只等一秒钟或更短的时间就会得到答案，没有时间让孩子思考。当大人将“等待时间”增加到3秒或更多时，孩子们给出的答案更有逻辑、更完整、更有创意)”可知，如果大人在回答问题后至少等三秒钟，孩子们可以用更合乎逻辑、更完整、更有创造性的方式回答问题。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more children give more logical complete and creative answers.(当大人将“等待时间”增加到3秒或更多时，孩子们给出的答案更有逻辑、更完整、更有创意)”也就是当孩子回答问题时要有足够的耐心，根据第一段“Firstly, listen to their questions.(首先，听他们的问题)”也就是鼓励孩子提出自己的问题，以及最后一段“Lastly, show; don’t tell.(最后，展示；不要告诉)”可知，是让孩子有机会亲眼看看，所以文中提到的技巧包括给孩子观察的机会，耐心等待孩子回答问题以及鼓励孩子提问，而没有提到用讲故事代替记诵事实。故选A项。 Passage 6 The idea of using a public bathroom with see-through walls may sound like a nightmare. But a famous Japanese architect is hoping to change that view, using new technology to make restrooms in Tokyo parks more appealing. “There are two things we worry about when entering a public restroom, especially those located at a park,” according to architect Shigeru Ban’s firm. “The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside.” The newly-invented transparent walls can turn off both of those worries, Ban says, by showing people what waits for them inside. After users enter the restroom and lock the door, the room’s walls turn a powdery pastel (彩色蜡笔的，柔和的) shade — and are no longer see-through. Ban’s transparent facilities are sure to make for great conversation among visitors to the park — and they’ll stand out even more after dark. “At night, the facility lights up the park like a beautiful lantern,” the architect’s website says. The group is behind the Tokyo Toilet project, enlisting (招募) world-famous architects to create toilets “like you’ve never seen.” The project’s eye-catching toilets are part of a plan to put people at ease when visiting a public bathroom. The project may seem silly, but the 16 architects who are reimagining public toilets are some of the brightest names in Japanese architecture. The list includes four Pritzker Prize winners — Ban, Toyo Ito, Tadao Ando and Fumihiko Maki — along with international stars such as Kengo Kuma and Sou Fujimoto. The fashion designer Nigo is also contributing. Ban’s colorful public bathrooms opened to the public this month in two parks: Yoyogi Fukamachi Mini Park and Haru-no-Ogawa Community Park. Others will be opening in coming months. 1．Why are people often worried before entering a public restroom? A．It’s not always clean. B．It’s usually at a huge distance. C．Its lock is usually useless. D．It’s always occupied. 2．What does the underlined word “transparent” mean in the third paragraph? A．Full of bright colors. B．Not easy to see through. C．Easy to see through. D．Thick and strong. 3．What do we know about the project from the last two paragraphs? A．It’s impractical and silly. B．It’s rewarding and famous. C．It has won the Pritzker Prize. D．It’s the fruit of collective wisdom. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Should the public restrooms be upgraded? B．The new high-tech walls of public restrooms are coming. C．How do we live with see-through public facilities? D．Some famous architects designed a silly project. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍日本建筑师利用新技术设计透明墙公共卫生间及其相关情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are two things we worry about when entering a public restroom, especially those located at a park. The first is cleanliness, and the second is whether anyone is inside.(进入公共卫生间时，尤其是公园内的卫生间，我们有两件事担心。第一是清洁度，第二是里面是否有人。)”可知，人们进入公共卫生间前常担心的是清洁问题和是否有人，选项A符合其中一点。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The newly-invented transparent walls can turn off both of those worries, Ban says, by showing people what waits for them inside. After users enter the restroom and lock the door, the room’s walls turn a powdery pastel shade — and are no longer see-through.(Ban说，新发明的transparent墙可以通过向人们展示里面的情况来消除这两种担忧。当使用者进入卫生间并锁上门后，房间的墙壁会变成柔和的粉彩色调，不再是透明的。)”可知，这种墙在使用者进入锁门后不再透明，在使用者进入之前是能让人看到里面的情况，即墙是透明的，所以“transparent”意为“透明的，容易看穿的”。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The group is behind the Tokyo Toilet project, enlisting (招募) world-famous architects to create toilets “like you’ve never seen.” The project’s eye-catching toilets are part of a plan to put people at ease when visiting a public bathroom. The project may seem silly, but the 16 architects who are reimagining public toilets are some of the brightest names in Japanese architecture. (该团体是东京厕所项目的幕后推手，他们招募了世界著名建筑师来设计“你从未见过的”厕所。这个项目中引人注目的厕所是让人们在使用公共卫生间时感到安心的计划的一部分。这个项目可能看起来很傻，但这16位重新构想公共厕所的建筑师都是日本建筑界最杰出的人物。)”可知，该项目由众多著名建筑师参与，是集体智慧的结晶。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“The idea of using a public bathroom with see-through walls may sound like a nightmare. But a famous Japanese architect is hoping to change that view, using new technology to make restrooms in Tokyo parks more appealing.(使用带有透明墙的公共卫生间的想法可能听起来像一场噩梦。但一位著名的日本建筑师希望改变这种观点，他利用新技术使东京公园的卫生间更具吸引力。)”以及下文对这种透明墙卫生间的介绍可知，文章主要围绕这种新的高科技透明墙公共卫生间展开。所以“公共卫生间的新型高科技墙即将问世”最能概括全文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$