U1&U2基础复习+题型-《同步教学培优》2025-2026学年高一英语知识提炼+能力训练 （译林版必修第一册）

必修一U1&U2基础复习+题型 Unit1 Back to school 1．potential n．潜力； 可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→ adv.潜在地，可能地 2．challenge n．& vt.挑战；质疑→ adj.有挑战性的 3．advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步→ adj.先进的，高级的 4．amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→ vt.使惊讶 → adj.惊讶的 5．confidence n．信心，信任；把握→ adj.自信的 6．equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物)linking v．与……相等vt.比得上 → adv.平等地 7． balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力 → adj.平衡的 8．responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→ n．责任 9．improve vt.& vi.改进，改善→ n．改进 10．proposal n．提议，建议，动议→ vt.提议 11．professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n．专门人员，专业人士→ n．职业，专业 12．host n．主人；东道主；主持人 vt.主办；主持→ n．女主人，女主持人 13．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的→ adv.艰难地；粗暴地 14．alarm n．闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt.使惊恐，使害怕→ adj.惊恐的 → adj.使人惊恐的 15．contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→ v．捐献；贡献 16．fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏→ adj.幸运的→ n．大笔的钱；时运；命运 17．option n．可选择的事物，选择；选修课→ adj.可选择的 18．attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→ adj.吸引人的 → n．有吸引力的事物 1．path n． 2．individual n． 3. character n． 4．positive adj. 5．acquire vt. 6．effort n． 7．resource n． 8．attitude n． 9．goal n． 10．focus n． 11．remind vt. 12．aim n． 13．style n． 14．technique n． 15. material n． 16．poster n． 17．secondary adj. 18．exchange n．& vt. 19．biology n． 20．butter n． 短语 1． 存在于；在于2． 能够处理 3． 起作用，有影响4． 充分利用，尽情享受 5． 利用 6． 最后但同样重要的 7． 通往；导致 8． 由于 9． 坚持，固守，维持 10． 盼望，期待 11． 随着时间流逝，久而久之12． 注意 13． 成为现实14． 在很多方面 15． 放弃 16．sign up 17．put up 18．get on well 19．in the beginning 20．can’t wait for 课文语法填空 High school life is not easy for each student，for you will meet a lot of 1.__________ (challenge)．Here are some tips for you to lead 2. happy and meaningful life. There are various amazing resources in your school and you’d better try to make the most of 3. (they) to realize your potential.Make every effort to get over difficulties and seize every opportunity 4. (improve) your ability.The more knowledge you acquire，the more confidence you will have. Try to be an 5. (independence) and responsible person.In class you’d better focus on your lessons and try to find an efficient method.After class you’d better do some regular exercise，for health is of equal 6. (important) to you.You can take part in some games in which you can improve your character in your free time.Try to exchange words 7. your friends or classmates and you will learn much from them.Learn to balance between your study and hobbies and keep a positive attitude towards your school life and no matter 8. happens，stick to your plan! 9. (write) your aim on your desk is a good way to remind you to work 10. (hard)．You will be a well­rounded individual! Unit2Let's Talk Teens 1．argument n．争吵，争论；论点→ vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证 2．tension n．紧张关系；紧张；拉伸→ adj.紧张的 3．anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→ adv.焦急地 4．anger n．怒气，怒火→ adj.生气的 5．calm vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的→ adv.镇静地 6．normal adj.正常的，一般的 n．常态，通常标准→ adv.正常地 7．stress n．精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重→ adj.紧张的 → adj.令人紧张的 8．design vt.设计；制订 n．设计；设计艺术→ n．设计师 9．performance n．表现；表演；执行，履行→ v．表演，表现 10．press vt.&vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n．报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→ n．压力 11．adventure n．冒险，冒险经历，奇遇→ adj.勇于冒险的；新奇的；惊险的 12．eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→ adv.渴望地→ n．热切，渴望 13．secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→ n．安全 14．graduate vi.& vt.毕业 n．毕业生→ n．毕业 15．emergency n．突发事件，紧急情况→ adj.紧急的；突然出现的 16．volunteer vi.& vt.自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者→ adj.志愿的 17．response n．回复；反应，响应→ vi.回答；响应 1．battle n．& vt.& vi. 2．teenager n． 3．spot n． 4．target n． 5．adult n． 6．desire n．& vt. 7．struggle vi.& n． 8. regular adj. 9. expert n． 10. likely adj. 11. unique adj. 12.youth n． 13．flexible adj. 14．account n． 15．rent n． 16．grocery n． 17．gather vi. 18．pipe n． 19．figure n． 20．downtown adv. 21．lap n． 22．teller n． 23．scene n． 24．flat n． 1． (在某事上)与某人看法一致2． 平静，镇静，安静 3． 从某人的角度、观点出发4． 充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 5． 承认错误，认输6．deal with 7．take action 8．go through 9．turn out 10．refer to 11． .缠磨，烦扰12． 提取，支取 13． 让……一个人待着14． 在乎，关心 15．protect...from... 16．take down 17．give out 18．depend upon/on 19．be proud of 20．graduate from 课文语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) When I was 1. teenager，I was anxious and often argued with my parents.It was my father that found some ways to end the 2. (argue)．He told my mother that a teenager was often under great stress and that it was natural that I was eager to be 3. (independence) and it was wrong of her 4. (design) my future.My father told me that I was unique and they were proud of my performance at school.He also knew that some physical 5. (change) made me painful，but it was likely 6. I learned to hold my anger. I adopted my father’s advice.Even though I didn’t see eye to eye with my parents 7. many things，I would try to keep calm to avoid 8. (quarrel) with them.I didn’t do something to lead to family tensions any more.I tried to view my parents 9. my friends and respected them.10. (fortunate)，at last everything turned out all right. 题型专项-月考模拟（满分120） 阅读理解（37.5） A Discover how you can help endangered species! Volunteer to help conserve endangered species around the world with GoEco. Sea turtles, Sri Lanka The species is threatened by human hunters. The Sri Lankan government has approved the creation of hatcheries (孵化场) in order to protect this species. Volunteers on this program spend 60% of their time working in the hatchery and the other 40% is spent on activities such as beach cleanups and creating awareness within the local community. Program Fees: $1,280 for 2 weeks and $1,680 per month for volunteers. Wildlife Rescue, Western Australia Adult kangaroos and wallabies are hunted for food, leaving thousands of their babies without parents. Many are killed or injured in road accidents. At the wildlife rescue center in Perth, Western Australia, volunteers live and help in the bushland caring for sick, injured, and displaced animals. Program Fee: $2,095 for four weeks. Volunteers stay on-site in a small room. Due to very limited space, applications must be sent at least 9-12 months in advance. Endangered Species Reserve, South Africa The project will give you an incredible wildlife experience while learning about conservation efforts. For the rest of the time between monitoring sessions, volunteers are required to enter all the data that they have collected into our databases. At times, volunteers need to operate on night shifts. We also give lectures and presentations over the lunch period. Program Fee: $1,750 for 2 weeks Big Cat Refuge, South Africa As a volunteer on this project, you will be involved in a wide variety of activities. Volunteer’s work ranges from enrichment activities, such as toy-making and farm work, to educating the visitors. Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living space. Program Fee: $1,450 for 2 weeks 21. What is the monthly project fee for volunteers in Sri Lanka? A. $1,280. B. $1,680. C. $2,560. D. $2,960. 22. What is required of volunteers for the project in Western Australia? A. Having previous experience. B. Working night shifts sometimes. C. Applying for the project in advance. D. Having a good knowledge of wildlife. 23. What can volunteers do for the project Big Cat Refuge? A. Study the habits of big cats. B. Help to sell some toys about cats. C. Guide visitors to the habitat of the cats. D. Do daily routines in the cats’ living space. B A mother of nine who started medical school when her youngest child was 4 years old graduated with her degree and plans to be a neurosurgeon (神经外科医生). Sarah Merrill, now 41, said her journey to medical school began at age 17. She then met her husband and got married. Merrill first thought about going to school part-time to get a degree, but later she decided to follow her dream of attending medical school. Certainly, it was a challenge. Speaking of her successfully returning to university, Merrill thought it was credited to her family largely. “When I was accepted at Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, we moved from Pennsylvania to Arizona,” said Merrill, who is moving to Indiana with her family to begin her residency (实习期) in neurosurgery. “In fact, they volunteered these movements. I know it was tough for all of us.” Merrill and her children often have “homework parties” where they study for their own courses. Merrill’s choice has given a stimulus to her children. Merrill felt touched knowing her 11-year-old daughter wants to become a surgeon and overhearing her son tell his friends his mom’s going to be a cool brain surgeon, though he doesn’t understand that really. Merrill’s next step into a neurosurgery residency will take her into a male-dominated field where only 5% of board certified neurosurgeons are women. Dr. Michele Halyard at Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine said Merrill was known as a focused student. Halyard said, “If you can deal with nine children and keep your reason, the residency should be a piece of cake because no amount of stress will make you fail.” Merrill had considered choosing a more family-friendly specialty, but, again, chose to dream big and follow her original pursuit. It’s the same advice she would give to all. “Set the goal that is what you’re really enthusiastic about, and it helps to think small. If you know what your priorities are, focus on the next step. Then you’ll get where you want to go.” 24. Why does Merrill speak of their movements? A. To show the support of her family. B. To stress her determination to be a doctor. C. To reflect difficulties in attending college. D. To describe the process of pursuing her dream. 25. What does the underlined word “stimulus” mean in paragraph 3? A. Entertainment. B. Inspiration. C. Commitment. D. Confusion. 26. What does Halyard mean in paragraph 4? A. Merrill will have more stress to handle. B. Staying focused and sensible is key to success. C. Being Mom makes Merrill a better doctor. D. She is confident of Merrill’s being a neurosurgeon. 27. What does Merrill suggest at last? A. Starting with small things. B. Getting your priorities right. C. Being true to your passion. D. Having the courage to dream big. C One of the talks from the TED stage in Long Beach, California, came from Richard Ture re, an inventor. He is a Maasai from Kenya. And he is very young. Lions are the top tourist attraction to Kenya, especially in the Nairobi National Park, which is near where Richard lives. Lions are also considered critically endangered in Kenya. One of the main causes of their demise, “is that people kill them in retaliation (报复) for lions attacking their livestock (牲畜)”, says Paula Kahumbu, executive director of Wildlife Direct, a wildlife conservation organization in Africa. She has been studying the conflict between humans and lions, and her work led her to Richard. In one week, she monitored over 50 cases where lions attacked livestock. One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. A light went on inside him and an idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard had invented a system of lights that flash around the cowshed (棚), which seemed like a human walking around with a flashlight. His system is made from broken flashlight parts and an indicator box from a motorcycle. “The only thing I bought was a solar board, which charges a battery that supplies power to the lights at night,” Richard says. He calls the system Lion Lights. “There have been a lot of efforts to try to protect the lions,” Kahumbu says. “It’s a crisis and everyone is looking for a solution. One idea was land leases (租赁), another was lion pro-offences (防护栅栏). And basically no one even knew that Richard had already come up with something that worked.” His simple solution was so successful. He equipped the lights for his neighbors and for six other homes in his community. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya. To get to the TED stage, Richard traveled on an airplane for the first time in his life. He says he has a lot to tell his friends about when he goes back home, and what impressed him the most on his trip was something he saw at the Aquarium of the Pacific: “It was my first time seeing a shark. I’ve never seen a shark.” 28. Why is Richard able to get to the TED stage? A. He has saved fifty lions. B. He is a successful speaker. C. He helped his neighborhood. D. He invented a light to protect the lions. 29. What does the underlined word “demise” mean in the second paragraph? A. Death. B. Injury. C. Discovery. D. Attraction. 30. Whose job is to protect wildlife? A. Richard’s. B. Wildlife Direct’s. C. The government’s. D. The TED’s. 31. What can we learn from the text? A. People in Kenya live in harmony with the lions. B. Richard is a caring, thoughtful and inventive American boy. C. There were three methods to protect the lions before Richard’s solution. D. With kindness and consideration, people can achieve peace with natural world. D Running has long been considered one of the most efficient, convenient, and beneficial workouts. But some claim you get more out of the classic way of exercising with a new technique—or rather a 180-degree about-face. A study led by Dr. Gardner published in 2016 in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning backs this up. Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall. Unlike forward running, which generally uses the muscles in the front of the leg, running backwards primarily uses the muscles of the bottom chain, especially the calf（腓）muscles and glutes. Dr. Gardner adds, “Within just a minute or two of running backwards, you’ll start to feel the burning in your calves!” Frankie Ruiz, a longtime cross-country running coach and chief running officer explains that aside from moving in reverse, running backwards differs from regular running because it requires an entirely different combination of things to do correctly. Running backwards may be easier on the knees. “In a backwards movement, the set of muscles involved in absorbing the impact in the lower level are opposite. Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing, thereby placing less stress on the knees. Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning,” says Ruiz. In addition to using different muscles than running forwards, running backwards enhances balance and posture, “as it forces you to stay in a more upright position,” Gardner says. As to claims that running backwards can burn more calories than forward running, Gardner says it’s not so black and white. Lots of factors (including heart rate, age, and others) affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity. “Different muscle pattern usage doesn’t necessarily burn more calories. It is the intensity（强度）that matters most,” she points out. Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards, however, Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories, but there’s not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences. 32. What is the benefit of running backwards? A. It combines various muscles. B. It can better athletes’ performance. C. It frees the front muscles of the leg. D. It gets calf muscles and glutes burned. 33. Why is Ruiz’s opinion on running backwards mentioned? A. To state more of its advantages. B. To share his personal preference. C. To show its promising development. D. To introduce detailed guidance on it. 34. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Calories consumption is difficult to measure. B. Using different muscles can burn more calories. C. The amount of calories burning depends on many aspects. D Running backwards burns more calories than running forwards. 35. Who would benefit most from this passage? A. Nutritionists pursuing a balanced diet. B. Patients hoping to cure their injured knees. C. Coaches intending to better their training methods. D. Runners seeking to improve their economical situation. 七选五（12.5） How To Fight Back-To-School Anxiety August is the time to prepare for a new school year.____16____These simple tips can help you or someone you love deal with the year ahead. ____17____ Like any new activity, a new school year is always easier when you’re prepared for it. Get your class schedule in advance so you know exactly what to expect that first day. Make sure you’re prepared with all the supplies you’ll need. If you’ll be attending a new school, get familiar with the campus in advance of the first week. Talk about it. Change is never easy, and can often be scary. If you have feelings of fear or anxiety about the upcoming school year, it’s important to express them.____18____If you’re unsure who to talk to, here are many free resources available for you. Do what you love.____19____Whether you’re a bookworm or social butterfly, it’s easy to feel depressed or anxious when you’re trying to be something you’re not. Find activities, clubs or organizations that truly interest you. Chances are, when you do, you’ll find a sense of belonging that’s completely genuine. Get help. It’s not abnormal for any teen to feel stressed about an upcoming school year. But if your feelings of anxiety or depression are affecting your ability to eat, sleep or function on a daily basis, it’s time to seek professional help.____20____ A. Get ready. B. Stick to a tight schedule. C. When you’re a teen, fitting in is important. D. It is common for people to feel stressed after holiday. E. For teens, the “back-to-school” period can be especially troubling. F. A parent or adviser can help you find an expert to help you get through the upcoming year. G. Speaking with a parent, friend or adviser can be a perfect way to start finding solution together. 完形填空（15） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Shortly after a father-and-son fight, my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one. Without ____16____ much, I accepted his ____17____ which only goes to ____18____ how naïve (天真的) a dad can be. The moment he ____19____ onto the court, I realized this was not a friendly game, but a challenge. There comes a time when sons ____20____ their fathers as a symbol (象征) of ____21____. The test may be ____22____ or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man. When playing ____23____, my son is all the things I’m not; quick with a deadly shot. And I know the ____24____ will come eventually (最终). Just not today. It’s a man thing, I guess. As a father, I need to _____25_____ my impatient son an important lesson of _____26_____, courage, and pride. Therefore, I wouldn’t _____27_____ on the court or wherever. We played for quite a long time that day. I won a narrow victory and told him that he played for the wrong reasons. He _____28_____ as if he understood. A few weeks later Marlon _____29_____ me to a friendly round of videogame. Beat me soundly. And _____30_____ while he did it. 16. A. thinking B. exercising C. practicing D. caring 17. A. game B. tip C. offer D. advice 18. A. decide B. check C. describe D. prove 19. A. stepped B. landed C. drove D. fell 20. A. respect B. test C. check D. consider 21. A. boyhood B. brotherhood C. manhood D. childhood 22. A. personal B. emotional C. natural D. physical 23. A. chess B. videogames C. basketball D. football 24. A. result B. surprise C. news D. day 25. A. teach B. show C. present D. buy 26. A. teamwork B. honesty C. toughness D. victory 27. A. pull down B. back down C. lie down D. break down 28. A. waved B. stared C. left D. nodded 29. A. challenged B. forced C. attracted D. introduced 30. A. worried B. laughed C. regretted D. cried 首字母填空（20） 根据句意和所给首字母提示填空，每空一词。 31. He’s giving her French lessons in e______ for her teaching him English.(根据首字母单词拼写) 32. The terms (术语) that doctors and other health p______ use can be hard for patients to understand. (根据首字母单词拼写) 33. Unlike Chinese or Maths, Poetry is one of the many o______ courses that the school offers. (根据首字母单词拼写) 34. In mathematics, we use many t______ of problem-solving. (根据首字母单词拼写) 35. At the meeting she p______ to the school principal that immediate action should be taken to stop bullying(霸凌). (根据首字母单词拼写) 36. I’ve looked through the report but I haven’t had time to read it in d______. (根据首字母单词拼写) 37. For most of us, college is a golden time for a______ knowledge and skills. (根据首字母单词拼写) 38. Students should take advantage of all the o______ that come their way to widen their experience. (根据首字母单词拼写) 39. Robert aimed to find a job and be i______ of his parents by the time he was twenty. (根据首字母单词拼写) 40. It is everyone’s r______ to save natural resources and protect the environment. (根据首字母单词拼写) 41. The magic of Disney is in the amazing pictures, the unforgettable songs, and of course, the memorable c______ such as Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. (根据首字母单词拼写) 42. You really must try to start thinking p______ even when things go badly. (根据首字母单词拼写) 43. Children normally feel a lot of a______ about their first day at school. (根据首字母单词拼写) 44. It was a very heated a______ and the angry couple were shouting at each other. (根据首字母单词拼写) 45. Be practical and set t______ that you can reasonably hope to achieve in the near future. (根据首字母单词拼写) 46. Like DNA, fingerprints are u______ to each person and that makes them a valuable identification(识别) tool. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. Exercise after a long day’s work is a way to relax yourself both m______ and physically. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. It is sad to see a man so destroyed by the d______ for money and power. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. The club members meet r______ from 4:30 to 5:30 every Friday afternoon. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. Not all serious social problems can be a______ through simple communication. (根据首字母单词拼写) 根据句意和所给中文提示填空，每空一词。 51. If you want to attract more new members to the tennis club, you’d better ______ ______(张贴) a poster first. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 52. She was tall and dark, and ______ me ______(使想起) my cousin Sarah. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 53. The UN Secretary-General said that these nations had ______ ______(能够处理) the challenges that history gave them. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 54. We will go back to normal when everything ______ ______(平息). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 55. Last Sunday our volunteer team visited the hospital and ______ ______(使……振奋起来) the sick kids. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 56. Their twins have ______ ______(快速长高) since I last saw them. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 57. Transitions(转变) between the old system and the new one need to be carefully planned and ______ ______(充分考虑). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 58. The school sees its job as preparing students to ______ ______ ______(为……做贡献) society. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 59. Sometimes, all it takes is a small act of kindness to ______ ______ ______(有影响) in someone’s life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______(从我的观点出发), unfamiliar group members may fear making mistakes while practising oral English. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 短文填空（10） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Consisting of a bamboo frame and a___36___(delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oil-paper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China’s tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. Not just are they an instrument to keep off rain or sunlight, but also works of art___37___(possess) rich cultural significance and aesthetic (美的) value. The first oil-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220). Later, they___38___(bring) overseas to Japan and ancient Korea during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), which is___39___they were known as “Tang umbrellas”. It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrella___40___hand. For example, in Fenshui township in Luzhou, Sichuan Province, craftsmen must complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools___41___(create) a single handmade oil-paper umbrella. Since the___42___(appear) of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas___43___(suffer) from declining sales, while___44___number of craftsmen has been on the decrease. Fortunately, with the inclusion of Fenshui oil-paper umbrellas as one of China’s national intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been improving. These great items appear in many fashion shows and media publications because of the positive publicity___45___they have received. 选词填空（10） 选择方框中的短语，并用其适当形式填空（有两项多余） see eye to eye, base... on…, look forward to, stick to, in exchange for, back down, remind…of… rise to, make advances in, take advantage of, make a difference, lie in 76. The root of the problem we are faced with ________________ low employment. 77. I will give you my favorite watch ________________ your bike. 78. After being shown conclusive evidence, the other side had to ________________. 79. Over the past decade, China ________________ renewable energy. 80. You will be allowed to choose a room ________________ your personal taste. 81. As long as have chosen the right path, it’s advised that you ________________ it. 82. When it comes to painting, the materials that you use can ________________. 83. When the invited speaker did not arrive, the chairman ________________ the occasion and gave an unprepared speech. 84. The brothers always quarreled; they could seldom ________________ each others. 85. Jean ________________ the lunch hour to finish her homework. 写作（满分15分） 你校校报英语栏目向全校学征文，题目为“My Biggest Challenge in Senior High”，请你写一篇英语短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 你的经历； 2. 你的感悟。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 My Biggest Challenge in Senior High ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修一U1&U2基础复习+题型 Unit1 Back to school 1．potential n．潜力； 可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜在地，可能地 2．challenge n．& vt.挑战；质疑→challenging adj.有挑战性的 3．advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步→advanced adj.先进的，高级的 4．amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊讶→amazed adj.惊讶的 5．confidence n．信心，信任；把握→confident adj.自信的 6．equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物)linking v．与……相等vt.比得上→equally adv.平等地 7．balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced adj.平衡的 8．responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n．责任 9．improve vt.& vi.改进，改善→improvement n．改进 10．proposal n．提议，建议，动议→propose vt.提议 11．professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n．专门人员，专业人士→profession n．职业，专业 12．host n．主人；东道主；主持人 vt.主办；主持→hostess n．女主人，女主持人 13．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的→toughly adv.艰难地；粗暴地 14．alarm n．闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt.使惊恐，使害怕→alarmed adj.惊恐的→alarming adj.使人惊恐的 15．contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute v．捐献；贡献 16．fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．大笔的钱；时运；命运 17．option n．可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj.可选择的 18．attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attractive adj.吸引人的→attraction n．有吸引力的事物 1．path n．道路；小路；成功的途径2．individual n．个人 adj.单独的，个别的 3. character n．品质，性格；人物，角色；文字4．positive adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的5．acquire vt.获得，得到6．effort n．努力，费力的事；试图 7．resource n．资源；资料；谋略8．attitude n．态度，看法 9．goal n．目标；进球得分10．focus n．焦点，重点 vt.& vi.集中 vt.&vi.集中 11．remind vt.提醒，使想起12．aim n．目的，目标 vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对 13．style n．风格；方式；样式14．technique n．技巧，技艺；技能 15. material n．材料，素材 adj.物质的，实际的；客观存在的 16．poster n．海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人17．secondary adj.中学的，次要的 18．exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换19．biology n．生物学 20．butter n．黄油 1．lie in 存在于；在于2．rise to能够处理 3．make a difference 起作用，有影响4．make the most of充分利用，尽情享受 5．take advantage of 利用6．last but not least最后但同样重要的7．lead to通往；导致 8．as a result of由于9．stick to 坚持，固守，维持10．look forward to盼望，期待 11．over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之12．pay attention to 注意13．come true 成为现实 14．in many ways 在很多方面15．give up 放弃16．sign up签字17．put up张贴18．get on well相处融洽19．in the beginning在开始时20．can’t wait for 迫不及待 课文语法填空 High school life is not easy for each student，for you will meet a lot of 1.__________ (challenge)．Here are some tips for you to lead 2. happy and meaningful life. There are various amazing resources in your school and you’d better try to make the most of 3. (they) to realize your potential.Make every effort to get over difficulties and seize every opportunity 4. (improve) your ability.The more knowledge you acquire，the more confidence you will have. Try to be an 5. (independence) and responsible person.In class you’d better focus on your lessons and try to find an efficient method.After class you’d better do some regular exercise，for health is of equal 6. (important) to you.You can take part in some games in which you can improve your character in your free time.Try to exchange words 7. your friends or classmates and you will learn much from them.Learn to balance between your study and hobbies and keep a positive attitude towards your school life and no matter 8. happens，stick to your plan! 9. (write) your aim on your desk is a good way to remind you to work 10. (hard)．You will be a well­rounded individual! 【答案】1.challenges 2.a 3.them4.to improve5.independent6.importance7.with 8.what 9.Writing10.harder Unit2Let's Talk Teens 1．argument n．争吵，争论；论点→argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证 2．tension n．紧张关系；紧张；拉伸→tense adj.紧张的 3．anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦急地 4．anger n．怒气，怒火→angry adj.生气的 5．calm vt.使平静，使镇静 adj.镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv.镇静地 6．normal adj.正常的，一般的 n．常态，通常标准→normally adv.正常地 7．stress n．精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重→stressed adj.紧张的→stressful adj.令人紧张的 8．design vt.设计；制订 n．设计；设计艺术→designer n．设计师 9．performance n．表现；表演；执行，履行→perform v．表演，表现 10．press vt.&vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n．报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→pressure n．压力 11．adventure n．冒险，冒险经历，奇遇→adventurous adj.勇于冒险的；新奇的；惊险的 12．eager adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv.渴望地→eagerness n．热切，渴望 13．secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→security n．安全 14．graduate vi.& vt.毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业 15．emergency n．突发事件，紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的；突然出现的 16．volunteer vi.& vt.自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者→voluntary adj.志愿的 17．response n．回复；反应，响应→respond vi.回答；响应 1．battle n．& vt.& vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争2．teenager n．青少年 3．spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所4．target n．(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标；面向5．adult n．成年人6．desire n．& vt.渴望，希望 7．struggle vi.& n．奋斗；斗争；搏斗8. regular adj.频繁的；有规律的9. expert n．专家，行家 adj.熟练的，内行的，专家的10. likely adj.可能的，有希望的 11. unique adj.独一无二的；独特的12.youth n．青年时期；青春；(the youth)青年，年轻人 13．flexible adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的14．account n．账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为15．rent n．租金 vi.&vt. 租用，出租16．grocery n．食品杂货店 17．gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集18．pipe n．烟斗；管子；管乐器 19．figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材20．downtown adv.在市中心，往市中心 21．lap n．大腿部22．teller n．出纳员，叙述者23．scene n．(戏剧等)场；场面，地点，现场；景象，风光24．flat n．公寓 adj.平坦的；瘪了的 1．see eye to eye with sb.(on sth.)(在某事上)与某人看法一致2．calm down平静，镇静，安静 3．from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发4．think sth.through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透5．back down承认错误，认输6．deal with处理 7．take action采取行动8．go through经历，遭受9．turn out 结果是 10．refer to指的是，提及，涉及11．be on sb.’s back about sth.缠磨，烦扰 12．draw sth.out of sth.提取，支取13．leave...alone让……一个人待着 14．care about在乎，关心15．protect...from...保护……免受……16．take down记下 17．give out 分发，散发；发出，放出(声、光、热等)；用完，耗尽18．depend upon/on 依靠；依赖19．be proud of 为……感到自豪20．graduate from毕业于…… 课文语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) When I was 1. teenager，I was anxious and often argued with my parents.It was my father that found some ways to end the 2. (argue)．He told my mother that a teenager was often under great stress and that it was natural that I was eager to be 3. (independence) and it was wrong of her 4. (design) my future.My father told me that I was unique and they were proud of my performance at school.He also knew that some physical 5. (change) made me painful，but it was likely 6. I learned to hold my anger. I adopted my father’s advice.Even though I didn’t see eye to eye with my parents 7. many things，I would try to keep calm to avoid 8. (quarrel) with them.I didn’t do something to lead to family tensions any more.I tried to view my parents 9. my friends and respected them.10. (fortunate)，at last everything turned out all right. 【答案】1.a 2.arguments 3.independent 4.to design5.changes 6.that 7.on 8.quarrelling9.as 10.Fortunately 题型专项-月考模拟（满分120） 阅读理解（37.5） A Discover how you can help endangered species! Volunteer to help conserve endangered species around the world with GoEco. Sea turtles, Sri Lanka The species is threatened by human hunters. The Sri Lankan government has approved the creation of hatcheries (孵化场) in order to protect this species. Volunteers on this program spend 60% of their time working in the hatchery and the other 40% is spent on activities such as beach cleanups and creating awareness within the local community. Program Fees: $1,280 for 2 weeks and $1,680 per month for volunteers. Wildlife Rescue, Western Australia Adult kangaroos and wallabies are hunted for food, leaving thousands of their babies without parents. Many are killed or injured in road accidents. At the wildlife rescue center in Perth, Western Australia, volunteers live and help in the bushland caring for sick, injured, and displaced animals. Program Fee: $2,095 for four weeks. Volunteers stay on-site in a small room. Due to very limited space, applications must be sent at least 9-12 months in advance. Endangered Species Reserve, South Africa The project will give you an incredible wildlife experience while learning about conservation efforts. For the rest of the time between monitoring sessions, volunteers are required to enter all the data that they have collected into our databases. At times, volunteers need to operate on night shifts. We also give lectures and presentations over the lunch period. Program Fee: $1,750 for 2 weeks Big Cat Refuge, South Africa As a volunteer on this project, you will be involved in a wide variety of activities. Volunteer’s work ranges from enrichment activities, such as toy-making and farm work, to educating the visitors. Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living space. Program Fee: $1,450 for 2 weeks 21. What is the monthly project fee for volunteers in Sri Lanka? A. $1,280. B. $1,680. C. $2,560. D. $2,960. 22. What is required of volunteers for the project in Western Australia? A. Having previous experience. B. Working night shifts sometimes. C. Applying for the project in advance. D. Having a good knowledge of wildlife. 23. What can volunteers do for the project Big Cat Refuge? A. Study the habits of big cats. B. Help to sell some toys about cats. C. Guide visitors to the habitat of the cats. D. Do daily routines in the cats’ living space. A篇 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项世界上不同地方保护动物的志愿活动。 21. B 细节理解题。根据Sea turtles, Sri Lanka部分中的“Program Fees: $1,280 for 2 weeks and $1,680 per month for volunteers.”可知，在斯里兰卡做志愿者每月需支付的费用是$1680。故选B。 22. C 细节理解题。根据Wildlife Rescue, Western Australia部分中的“Due to very limited space, applications must be sent at least 9-12 months in advance.”可知，志愿者要想参与在西澳大利亚的项目需要提前申请。故选C。 23. D 细节理解题。根据Big Cat Refuge, South Africa部分中的“Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living space.”可知，该项目的志愿者要在猫科动物生活的地方做一些照顾它们的日常工作。故选D。 B A mother of nine who started medical school when her youngest child was 4 years old graduated with her degree and plans to be a neurosurgeon (神经外科医生). Sarah Merrill, now 41, said her journey to medical school began at age 17. She then met her husband and got married. Merrill first thought about going to school part-time to get a degree, but later she decided to follow her dream of attending medical school. Certainly, it was a challenge. Speaking of her successfully returning to university, Merrill thought it was credited to her family largely. “When I was accepted at Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, we moved from Pennsylvania to Arizona,” said Merrill, who is moving to Indiana with her family to begin her residency (实习期) in neurosurgery. “In fact, they volunteered these movements. I know it was tough for all of us.” Merrill and her children often have “homework parties” where they study for their own courses. Merrill’s choice has given a stimulus to her children. Merrill felt touched knowing her 11-year-old daughter wants to become a surgeon and overhearing her son tell his friends his mom’s going to be a cool brain surgeon, though he doesn’t understand that really. Merrill’s next step into a neurosurgery residency will take her into a male-dominated field where only 5% of board certified neurosurgeons are women. Dr. Michele Halyard at Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine said Merrill was known as a focused student. Halyard said, “If you can deal with nine children and keep your reason, the residency should be a piece of cake because no amount of stress will make you fail.” Merrill had considered choosing a more family-friendly specialty, but, again, chose to dream big and follow her original pursuit. It’s the same advice she would give to all. “Set the goal that is what you’re really enthusiastic about, and it helps to think small. If you know what your priorities are, focus on the next step. Then you’ll get where you want to go.” 24. Why does Merrill speak of their movements? A. To show the support of her family. B. To stress her determination to be a doctor. C. To reflect difficulties in attending college. D. To describe the process of pursuing her dream. 25. What does the underlined word “stimulus” mean in paragraph 3? A. Entertainment. B. Inspiration. C. Commitment. D. Confusion. 26. What does Halyard mean in paragraph 4? A. Merrill will have more stress to handle. B. Staying focused and sensible is key to success. C. Being Mom makes Merrill a better doctor. D. She is confident of Merrill’s being a neurosurgeon. 27. What does Merrill suggest at last? A. Starting with small things. B. Getting your priorities right. C. Being true to your passion. D. Having the courage to dream big. B篇 本文是一篇记叙文。Sarah Merrill是一位有九个孩子的妈妈，在她最小的孩子只有4岁时，Merrill决定追逐梦想上医学院。在历尽艰难获得医学学位后，Merrill选择步入只有5%的女性医生取得职业资格证书的神经外科，成为一名神经外科医生。 24. A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Speaking of her successfully returning to university, Merrill thought it was credited to her family largely ... In fact, they volunteered these movements.”可知，Merrill认为她能成功回到校园主要归功于她的家人，为了方便她学习，Merrill一家从宾夕法尼亚州搬到亚利桑那州，现在为了她的工作又要搬到印第安纳州，并且这些搬家是她的家人主动提出的。由此可推断，Merrill提到他们的搬家是为了说明家人的支持。故选A。 25. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“knowing her 11-year-old daughter wants to become a surgeon ... though he doesn’t understand that really”可知，Merrill的11岁的女儿想成为一名外科医生，她的儿子告诉朋友们他的妈妈会成为一名很酷的脑外科医生，由此可推断，Merrill决定成为一名神经外科医生的选择激励了孩子们。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人（或事物）”与画线词含义相近。故选B。 26. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If you can deal with nine children and keep your reason, the residency should be a piece of cake because no amount of stress will make you fail.”可知，Halyard认为如果你能应对九个孩子并保持理智，那么神经外科医生的实习期应该是小菜一碟，因为即使再多的压力也不会让你失败。由此可推断，她对Merrill通过实习成为神经外科医生充满信心。故选D。 27. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“... chose to dream big and follow her original pursuit. It’s the same advice she would give to all”“Set the goal that is what you’re really enthusiastic about”可知，Merrill建议遵循最初的追求，设定真正热爱的目标。故选C。 C One of the talks from the TED stage in Long Beach, California, came from Richard Ture re, an inventor. He is a Maasai from Kenya. And he is very young. Lions are the top tourist attraction to Kenya, especially in the Nairobi National Park, which is near where Richard lives. Lions are also considered critically endangered in Kenya. One of the main causes of their demise, “is that people kill them in retaliation (报复) for lions attacking their livestock (牲畜)”, says Paula Kahumbu, executive director of Wildlife Direct, a wildlife conservation organization in Africa. She has been studying the conflict between humans and lions, and her work led her to Richard. In one week, she monitored over 50 cases where lions attacked livestock. One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. A light went on inside him and an idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard had invented a system of lights that flash around the cowshed (棚), which seemed like a human walking around with a flashlight. His system is made from broken flashlight parts and an indicator box from a motorcycle. “The only thing I bought was a solar board, which charges a battery that supplies power to the lights at night,” Richard says. He calls the system Lion Lights. “There have been a lot of efforts to try to protect the lions,” Kahumbu says. “It’s a crisis and everyone is looking for a solution. One idea was land leases (租赁), another was lion pro-offences (防护栅栏). And basically no one even knew that Richard had already come up with something that worked.” His simple solution was so successful. He equipped the lights for his neighbors and for six other homes in his community. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya. To get to the TED stage, Richard traveled on an airplane for the first time in his life. He says he has a lot to tell his friends about when he goes back home, and what impressed him the most on his trip was something he saw at the Aquarium of the Pacific: “It was my first time seeing a shark. I’ve never seen a shark.” 28. Why is Richard able to get to the TED stage? A. He has saved fifty lions. B. He is a successful speaker. C. He helped his neighborhood. D. He invented a light to protect the lions. 29. What does the underlined word “demise” mean in the second paragraph? A. Death. B. Injury. C. Discovery. D. Attraction. 30. Whose job is to protect wildlife? A. Richard’s. B. Wildlife Direct’s. C. The government’s. D. The TED’s. 31. What can we learn from the text? A. People in Kenya live in harmony with the lions. B. Richard is a caring, thoughtful and inventive American boy. C. There were three methods to protect the lions before Richard’s solution. D. With kindness and consideration, people can achieve peace with natural world. 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Richard发明驱狮灯的背景和过程。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Three weeks later, Richard had invented a system of lights that flash around the cowshed (棚), which seemed like a human walking around with a flashlight.(三周后，理查德发明了一套在牛棚周围闪烁的灯光系统，看起来就像一个拿着手电筒走来走去的人。)”和第四段“His simple solution was so successful. He equipped the lights for his neighbors and for six other homes in his community. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya.(他简单的解决方法非常成功。他为邻居和社区里的其他六户人家安装了这种灯。从那里开始，这些灯传播开来，现在肯尼亚各地都在使用。)”可知，Richard发明了驱狮灯，这种保护狮子的方式取得了巨大的成功，Richard也因此登上了TED的演讲台。由此可知，Richard是因为发明了驱狮灯才登上TED演讲台的。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Lions are also considered critically endangered in Kenya. One of the main causes of their demise, “is that people kill them in retaliation (报复) for lions attacking their livestock (牲畜)”, says Paula Kahumbu, executive director of Wildlife Direct, a wildlife conservation organization in Africa.(狮子在肯尼亚也被认为是极度濒危动物。非洲野生动物保护组织野生动物指导的执行董事保拉·卡胡布说，它们demise的一个主要原因是，“人们杀死它们是为了报复狮子袭击他们的牲畜”。)”可知，狮子是极度濒危动物，狮子demise的主要原因在于人们为了报复狮子袭击他们的牲畜。由此可知，demise的含义与endangered和kill相关，狮子濒危是因为被人们杀死了。demise为名词，表示“倒闭、死亡、”。A. Death.死亡；B. Injury.受伤；C. Discovery.发现；D. Attraction.吸引力。四个选项中，只有A项death含义与demise相近。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wildlife Direct, a wildlife conservation organization in Africa(Wildlife Direct，非洲野生动物保护组织)”可知，Wildlife Direct的工作就是保护野生动物。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“One of the talks from the TED stage in Long Beach, California, came from Richard Ture re, an inventor. He is a Maasai from Kenya.(在加州长滩的TED舞台上，有一个演讲来自发明家Richard Ture。他是来自肯尼亚的马赛人。)”可知，Richard是肯尼亚马赛族人，不是美国人，B项错误。根据文章第二段“One of the main causes of their demise, “is that people kill them in retaliation (报复) for lions attacking their livestock (牲畜)”(它们死亡的一个主要原因是，“人们杀死它们是为了报复狮子袭击他们的牲畜”。)”可知，狮子死亡的一个主要原因是“人们为了报复而杀死它们”，由此可知，在非洲，人类与狮子并不和谐，A项错误。根据文章第三段““There have been a lot of efforts to try to protect the lions,” Kahumbu says. “It’s a crisis and everyone is looking for a solution. One idea was land leases(租赁), another was lion pro-offences (防护栅栏).”(“人们做了很多努力来保护狮子，”Kahumbu说。“这是一场危机，每个人都在寻找解决方案。一种是土地租赁，另一种是建防狮栅栏。)”可知，保护狮子的方式很多，文中只是列举了其中两种，而并非只有三种，C项错误。根据文章第三段“One night Richard was walking around with a flashlight and discovered the lions were scared of a moving light. A light went on inside him and an idea was born. Three weeks later, Richard had invented a system of lights that flash around the cowshed(棚), which seemed like a human walking around with a flashlight.(一天晚上，理查德拿着手电筒四处走动，发现狮子害怕移动的光。他的内心亮起了一道光，一个想法诞生了。三周后，理查德发明了一套在牛棚周围闪烁的灯光系统，看起来就像一个拿着手电筒走来走去的人。)”和第四段“His simple solution was so successful. He equipped the lights for his neighbors and for six other homes in his community. From there, the lights spread and are now being used all around Kenya.(他简单的解决方法非常成功。他为邻居和社区里的其他六户人家安装了这种灯。从那里开始，这些灯传播开来，现在肯尼亚各地都在使用。)”可知，Richard发明的驱狮灯非常成功，肯尼亚各地都在使用。这种发明保护了狮子，让人们和狮子和谐共处。由此可推知，人类要想与自然和谐共处，需要善良和体贴，靠杀戮是不行的。故选D项。 D Running has long been considered one of the most efficient, convenient, and beneficial workouts. But some claim you get more out of the classic way of exercising with a new technique—or rather a 180-degree about-face. A study led by Dr. Gardner published in 2016 in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning backs this up. Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall. Unlike forward running, which generally uses the muscles in the front of the leg, running backwards primarily uses the muscles of the bottom chain, especially the calf（腓）muscles and glutes. Dr. Gardner adds, “Within just a minute or two of running backwards, you’ll start to feel the burning in your calves!” Frankie Ruiz, a longtime cross-country running coach and chief running officer explains that aside from moving in reverse, running backwards differs from regular running because it requires an entirely different combination of things to do correctly. Running backwards may be easier on the knees. “In a backwards movement, the set of muscles involved in absorbing the impact in the lower level are opposite. Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing, thereby placing less stress on the knees. Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning,” says Ruiz. In addition to using different muscles than running forwards, running backwards enhances balance and posture, “as it forces you to stay in a more upright position,” Gardner says. As to claims that running backwards can burn more calories than forward running, Gardner says it’s not so black and white. Lots of factors (including heart rate, age, and others) affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity. “Different muscle pattern usage doesn’t necessarily burn more calories. It is the intensity（强度）that matters most,” she points out. Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards, however, Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories, but there’s not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences. 32. What is the benefit of running backwards? A. It combines various muscles. B. It can better athletes’ performance. C. It frees the front muscles of the leg. D. It gets calf muscles and glutes burned. 33. Why is Ruiz’s opinion on running backwards mentioned? A. To state more of its advantages. B. To share his personal preference. C. To show its promising development. D. To introduce detailed guidance on it. 34. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Calories consumption is difficult to measure. B. Using different muscles can burn more calories. C. The amount of calories burning depends on many aspects. D Running backwards burns more calories than running forwards. 35. Who would benefit most from this passage? A. Nutritionists pursuing a balanced diet. B. Patients hoping to cure their injured knees. C. Coaches intending to better their training methods. D. Runners seeking to improve their economical situation. 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了倒着跑步的好处并分析了形成这些好处的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall.(研究人员发现，向后跑步通过改善跑步经济使运动员受益；随着时间的推移，通过向后跑，运动员总体上变成了更好的跑步者)”可知，向后跑步的运动员整体上会成为更好的跑步运动员，也就是说，能使运动员的表现更好。故选B项 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Running backwards may be easier on the knees. “In a backwards movement, the set of muscles involved in absorbing the impact in the lower level are opposite. Your lower leg muscles are doing most of the absorbing, thereby placing less stress on the knees. Running backwards will recruit lesser utilized muscles resulting in muscle growth and toning,” says Ruiz.(膝盖向后跑可能更容易。“在向后运动中，参与吸收较低水平冲击力的一组肌肉是相反的。您的小腿肌肉正在完成大部分吸收，从而减轻膝盖的压力。向后跑步会招募较少使用的肌肉，从而导致肌肉生长和调理，”Ruiz说)”可知，Ruiz认为倒着跑步对膝盖有保护作用，且也会导致肌肉的增长和塑形，结合本文主题为倒着跑步的好处，所以提到Ruiz的观点是为了陈述更多倒着跑步的好处。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Lots of factors (including heart rate, age, and others) affect how many calories you burn during any particular activity.(许多因素（包括心率、年龄等）会影响您在任何特定活动中燃烧多少热量)”以及尾段中的“Because running backwards causes more muscle activity than running forwards, however, Gardner notes it makes sense that one might burn more calories, but there’s not conclusive data on exact calorie consumption differences.(然而，因为向后跑步比向前跑步会导致更多的肌肉活动，加德纳指出，一个人可能会燃烧更多的卡路里是有道理的，但没有关于确切卡路里消耗差异的结论性数据)”可知，向后跑步比向前跑步肌肉活动会更多，但没有明确的结论证实热量燃烧的差异性，有很多因素决定了热量燃烧的多少，由此可推断，最后两段进述的是热量燃烧的量取决于很多因素。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Researchers found that running backwards benefited athletes by improving their running economy; by running backwards over time the athletes became better runners overall.(研究人员发现，向后跑步通过改善跑步经济使运动员受益;随着时间的推移，通过向后跑，运动员总体上变成了更好的跑步者)”可知，研究发现，向后跑步能整体上提高运动员的表现，由此可推断，打算优化训练方法的教练可以考虑用此方法训练运动员，以提高他们的成绩，所以这篇文章的受益者应是打算优化训练方法的教练。故选C项。 七选五（12.5） How To Fight Back-To-School Anxiety August is the time to prepare for a new school year.____16____These simple tips can help you or someone you love deal with the year ahead. ____17____ Like any new activity, a new school year is always easier when you’re prepared for it. Get your class schedule in advance so you know exactly what to expect that first day. Make sure you’re prepared with all the supplies you’ll need. If you’ll be attending a new school, get familiar with the campus in advance of the first week. Talk about it. Change is never easy, and can often be scary. If you have feelings of fear or anxiety about the upcoming school year, it’s important to express them.____18____If you’re unsure who to talk to, here are many free resources available for you. Do what you love.____19____Whether you’re a bookworm or social butterfly, it’s easy to feel depressed or anxious when you’re trying to be something you’re not. Find activities, clubs or organizations that truly interest you. Chances are, when you do, you’ll find a sense of belonging that’s completely genuine. Get help. It’s not abnormal for any teen to feel stressed about an upcoming school year. But if your feelings of anxiety or depression are affecting your ability to eat, sleep or function on a daily basis, it’s time to seek professional help.____20____ A. Get ready. B. Stick to a tight schedule. C. When you’re a teen, fitting in is important. D. It is common for people to feel stressed after holiday. E. For teens, the “back-to-school” period can be especially troubling. F. A parent or adviser can help you find an expert to help you get through the upcoming year. G. Speaking with a parent, friend or adviser can be a perfect way to start finding solution together. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年战胜返校时期焦虑的方法和建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“August is the time to prepare for a new school year.(八月是准备新学年的时候)”以及下文“These simple tips can help you or someoou love deal with the year ahead.(这些简单的建议可以帮助你或你爱的人在未来的一年里应对问题)”可知，前文讲到开学，下文中提到文中将会给出一些建议，帮助学生顺利的度过接下来的一年。所以空处应该是描述学生返校所要面临的问题。E项“对于青少年来说，返校的这段时期尤其令人不安”符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据下文“ Like any new activity, a new school year is always easier when you’re prepared for it. (像任何新的活动一样，新的学年在你做好准备后总是容易一些)”可知，本段给出的建议应该是在开学前需要做好相应的准备。A项“做好准备。”符合语境。“Get ready”和下文中的“when you’re prepared for it”相呼应。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据本段第一句话“Talk about it.(谈谈它)”以及空后“If you’re unsure who to talk to, there are many free resources available for you.(如果你不确定该与谁交谈，有许多免费资源可供你使用)”可知，本段主要讲述找人倾诉自己的焦虑，所以空处需要描述找谁来倾诉焦虑。G项“与父母、朋友或顾问交谈是开始共同寻找解决方案的完美方式”符合语境。而G项中的“Speaking ”和段首句“Talk about it.”以及空前句“express them”相呼应。且G项中的“a parent, friend or adviser”和空后句“who to talk to”相呼应。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据“Find activities, clubs or organizations that truly interest you. (寻找你真正感兴趣的活动、俱乐部或组织)”可知，本段内容为建议学生去参加一些社交活动、融入集体。C项“当你十几岁的时候，融入是很重要的”符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据段首句“Get help.(得到帮助)”以及空前句“But if your feelings of anxiety or depression are affecting your ability to eat, sleep or function on a daily basis， it’s time to seek professional help.(但是，如果你的焦虑或抑郁情绪正在影响你的饮食、睡眠或日常功能，是时候寻求专业帮助了)”可知，本段主要讲述要向他人寻求帮助，而且空处需要描述去向谁寻找专业的帮助。F项“家长或顾问可以帮助你找到一位专家，帮助你度过来年”切合本段主题。F项中的“help”和段首句相呼应，其中的“find an expert to help”也与空前句“seek professional help”相呼应。故选F。 完形填空（15） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Shortly after a father-and-son fight, my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one. Without ____16____ much, I accepted his ____17____ which only goes to ____18____ how naïve (天真的) a dad can be. The moment he ____19____ onto the court, I realized this was not a friendly game, but a challenge. There comes a time when sons ____20____ their fathers as a symbol (象征) of ____21____. The test may be ____22____ or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man. When playing ____23____, my son is all the things I’m not; quick with a deadly shot. And I know the ____24____ will come eventually (最终). Just not today. It’s a man thing, I guess. As a father, I need to _____25_____ my impatient son an important lesson of _____26_____, courage, and pride. Therefore, I wouldn’t _____27_____ on the court or wherever. We played for quite a long time that day. I won a narrow victory and told him that he played for the wrong reasons. He _____28_____ as if he understood. A few weeks later Marlon _____29_____ me to a friendly round of videogame. Beat me soundly. And _____30_____ while he did it. 16. A. thinking B. exercising C. practicing D. caring 17. A. game B. tip C. offer D. advice 18. A. decide B. check C. describe D. prove 19. A. stepped B. landed C. drove D. fell 20. A. respect B. test C. check D. consider 21. A. boyhood B. brotherhood C. manhood D. childhood 22. A. personal B. emotional C. natural D. physical 23. A. chess B. videogames C. basketball D. football 24. A. result B. surprise C. news D. day 25. A. teach B. show C. present D. buy 26. A. teamwork B. honesty C. toughness D. victory 27. A. pull down B. back down C. lie down D. break down 28. A. waved B. stared C. left D. nodded 29. A. challenged B. forced C. attracted D. introduced 30. A. worried B. laughed C. regretted D. cried 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一片记叙文。文章讲述了作者12岁的儿子为证明自己的男子气概，向作者提出一对一篮球挑战赛，作者借机教育了儿子，并给他上了生动的一课。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多想，我接受了他的提议，这只能证明一个父亲是多么天真。A. thinking思考；B. exercising锻炼；C. practicing练习；D. caring照顾。根据上文“Shortly after a father-and-son fight, my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one.”和下文“how naïve (天真的) a dad can be”可知，作者后来感慨自己之前的天真，说明对于12岁儿子的“挑衅”他没有多想，答应得太爽快了。故选A项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有多想，我接受了他的提议，这只能证明一个父亲是多么天真。A. game游戏；B. tip提示；C. offer主动提议；D. advice建议。根据上文“my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one”可知，这是十二岁的儿子主动提出的一对一篮球赛。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多想，我接受了他的提议，这只能证明一个父亲是多么天真。A. decide决定；B. check检查；C. describe描述；D. prove证明。根据下文“how naive (天真的) a dad can be”和下文“The moment he 4 onto the court, I realized this was not a friendly game, but a challenge.”可知，上了球场后，作者才发现这不是自己以为的友谊赛，而是一场挑战，这证明了自己的天真。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他踏上球场的那一刻，我意识到这不是一场友谊赛，而是一场挑战。A. stepped步入，踏入；B. landed降落；C. drove驱动；D. fell跌倒。根据“onto the court”可知，儿子踏入球场。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有一天，儿子会把考验他们的父亲作为自己男子气概的象征。A. respect尊重；B. test考验；C. check检查；D. consider考虑。根据下文“The test may be 7 or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man.”可知，总有一天儿子会为了证明自己的男子气概而考验父亲；test是原词复现。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析句意：总有一天，儿子会把考验他们的父亲作为男子气概的象征。A. boyhood童年；B. brotherhood兄弟情谊；C. manhood男子气概；D. childhood童年。根据下文“the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man.”可知，年轻人打败老人成为一个真正的男人，即儿子会把考验父亲作为自己男子气概的象征。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：测试可能是身体上，也可能是智力上的，但年轻人迟早会打败老人，成为一个真正的男人。A. personal个人的；B. emotional情绪的；C. natural天然的；D. physical身体上的。对男子气概的测试，有可能是身体上的“physical”或者智力上的。儿子通过篮球挑战父亲，即为身体上的测试。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在篮球比赛中，儿子比父亲有绝对优势，速度快，且有致命一投。A. chess国际象棋；B. videogame电子游戏；C. basketball篮球；D. football足球。根据上文“a basketball game of one-on-one”可知，他们进行的是篮球比赛，故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道那一天终究会到来。A. result结果；B. surprise惊讶；C. news新闻；D. day一天。根据上文“The test may be 7 or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man.”和句中“will come eventually (最终).”可知，作者知道自己的儿子挑战自己的那一天终将到来。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为父亲有必要给毛头小子上一课，让他切身体会有韧性、有勇气、有自尊。A. teach教；B. show显示；C. present颁发；D. buy购买。根据下文“an important lesson”可知，作者是想给儿子上重要的一课，故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为父亲有必要给毛头小子上一课，让他切身体会有韧性、有勇气、有自尊。A. teamwork团队合作；B. honesty诚实；C. toughness韧性；D. victory胜利。根据句中“courage, and pride”和下文“We played for quite a long time that day.”可知，那天作者和儿子打球很长时间，作者的目的除了培养其勇气和自尊，还想培养儿子的韧性。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析.句意：因此，我不会在球场上或任何地方退缩。A. pull down拉下；B. back down退缩；C. lie down躺下；D. break down 崩溃。根据上文“I need to 10 my impatient son an important lesson of”可知，作者是要给儿子上重要的一课，因此，他自己是不能退缩的。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他点了点头，仿佛明白了。A. waved挥动；B. stared盯着；C. left离开；D. nodded点头。根据下文“as if he understood.”可知，作者给儿子指出问题，儿子点头好像领悟了意思。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，马龙向我发起了一场友好的电子游戏挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. forced强迫；C. attracted吸引；D. introduced介绍。根据句中“me to a friendly round of videogam”和下文“Beat me soundly.”可知，经过篮球一战，儿子又友好地挑战父亲打游戏。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次儿子如愿赢了，笑了起来。A. worried担心；B. laughed笑了；C. regretted遗憾；D. cried哭泣。根据“he did it”可知，儿子打败了父亲，所以笑了起来，故选B项。 首字母填空(20) 根据句意和所给首字母提示填空，每空一词。 31. He’s giving her French lessons in e______ for her teaching him English.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】exchange##xchange 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他正在给她上法语课，以换取她教他英语。根据首字母和句意可知，此空应填exchange，表“交换”，为名词，而in exchange for表“作为交换”，为固定搭配。故填exchange。 32. The terms (术语) that doctors and other health p______ use can be hard for patients to understand. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】professionals##rofessionals 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生和其他卫生专业人员使用的术语可能很难让患者理解。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的doctors并列，一起作从句主语，且意思相近，所以此处应是health professional意为“健康专家”符合语境，根据doctors应用复数形式。故填professionals。 33. Unlike Chinese or Maths, Poetry is one of the many o______ courses that the school offers. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】optional##ptional 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与语文或数学不同，诗歌是学校开设的众多选修课之一。空格处的词作定语修饰名词courses，结合句意和首字母提示，诗歌是选修课程，用形容词optional作定语，意为“选修的”。故填optional。 34. In mathematics, we use many t______ of problem-solving. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】techniques##echniques 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在数学中，我们使用许多解决问题的技巧。设空处在句中作谓语动词use的宾语，由空前的many可知设空处应填名词复数形式，名词technique“技巧”符合句意，设空处填technique复数形式techniques。故填techniques。 35. At the meeting she p______ to the school principal that immediate action should be taken to stop bullying(霸凌). (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】proposed##roposed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在会议上，她向校长提议，应该立即采取行动制止欺凌行为。根据首字母和句意可知，此空应填propose，表“提议”，为动词，再结合语意可知，句子应用一般过去时，表过去发生的动作，动词使用过去式形式。故填proposed。 36. I’ve looked through the report but I haven’t had time to read it in d______. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】detail##etail 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我看过这份报告，但没有时间详细阅读。根据首字母和句意可知，此空应填detail，而in detail表“详细地”，为固定搭配，在本句中作状语。故填detail。 37. For most of us, college is a golden time for a______ knowledge and skills. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】acquiring##cquiring 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对我们大多数人来说，大学是获得知识和技能的黄金时期。分析句子，设空处使用动名词作宾语，表示“获得”用acquire。故填acquiring。 38. Students should take advantage of all the o______ that come their way to widen their experience. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】opportunities##pportunities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：学生应该利用一切获得的机会来拓宽他们的经验。设空处在句中作take advantage of的宾语，由句意以及首字母提示可知，opportunity“机会”为可数名词，符合句意；由空前的“all the”可知设空处应填opportunity的复数形式opportunities。故填opportunities。 39. Robert aimed to find a job and be i______ of his parents by the time he was twenty. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】independent##ndependen 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：罗伯特的目标是在20岁之前找一份工作，不依赖父母而生活。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是independent意为“独立的”符合语境。故填independent。 40. It is everyone’s r______ to save natural resources and protect the environment. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】responsibility##esponsibility 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：节约自然资源和保护环境是每个人的责任。根据everyone’s和to save natural resources and protect the environment可知，应填入名词作表语，结合句意和首字母提示，用名词responsibility，句中表示“职责；义务”，为不可数名词。故填responsibility。 41. The magic of Disney is in the amazing pictures, the unforgettable songs, and of course, the memorable c______ such as Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】cartoon#artoon 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：迪斯尼的魔力在于令人惊叹的图片，令人难忘的歌曲，当然,还有令人难忘的动画片，如米老鼠和唐老鸭。结合句意和首字母可知，名词cartoon“动画片”符合句意。故答案为cartoon。 42. You really must try to start thinking p______ even when things go badly. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】positively##ositively 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：即使事情变得糟糕，你也必须试着开始积极思考。根据“when things go badly”可推知，句中建议在事情变得糟糕时要“积极”思考；结合首字母提示，用副词positively修饰动词thinking，作状语，意“乐观地，积极地”。故填positively。 43. Children normally feel a lot of a______ about their first day at school. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】anxiety##nxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们在上学的第一天通常会感到非常焦虑。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为不可数名词anxiety“焦虑”，满足句意要求。故填anxiety。 44. It was a very heated a______ and the angry couple were shouting at each other. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】argument##rgument 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一场非常激烈的争论，这对愤怒的夫妇互相大喊大叫。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词argument“争论”，结合空前的定冠词a可知，本空用单数形式argument，做was后的表语。故答案为argument。 45. Be practical and set t______ that you can reasonably hope to achieve in the near future. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】targets#argets 【解析】 【详解】考查名词作宾语。句意：在不久的将来,你可以合理地希望实现实际和设定的目标。根据首字母和句意可知，名词target“目标”符合句意，表示多个目标用复数。故答案为targets。 46. Like DNA, fingerprints are u______ to each person and that makes them a valuable identification(识别) tool. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】unique#nique 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：就像DNA一样,指纹对每个人都是独一无二的，这使得它们成为一个有价值的识别工具。结合句意和首字母可知，形容词unique“独一无二的”符合句意。故答案为unique。 47. Exercise after a long day’s work is a way to relax yourself both m______ and physically. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】mentally##entally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在漫长的一天工作后锻炼是放松身心的一种方式。空格处单词与副词physically是并列关系，修饰动词relax；结合句意和首字母提示，用副词mentally，作状语，意为“ 精神上”。故填mentally。 48. It is sad to see a man so destroyed by the d______ for money and power. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】desire##esire 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：看到一个人如此被金钱和权力的欲望所毁灭，真是令人伤心。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据句意，表示“渴望,欲望”用desire。故填desire。 49. The club members meet r______ from 4:30 to 5:30 every Friday afternoon. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】ranging#anging 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：俱乐部成员每周五下午4:30到5:30不等。此处是现在分词作伴随状语；结合句意和首字母可知，range的现在分词ranging符合句意。故答案为ranging。 50. Not all serious social problems can be a______ through simple communication. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】addressed##ddressed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：并不是所有严重的社会问题都能通过简单的沟通得到解决。分析句子结构，根据句意可知，空处应填“解决”之意，根据所给首字母应是address意为“设法解决”，主语是all serious social problems，两者是被动关系，用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填过去分词形式。故填addressed。 第六部分 短语填空 根据句意和所给中文提示填空，每空一词。 51. If you want to attract more new members to the tennis club, you’d better ______ ______(张贴) a poster first. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. put ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：如果你想吸引更多的新会员加入网球俱乐部，你最好先贴一张海报。“张贴”是主句中谓语，用动词短语put up；在特殊情态动词had better后用动词原形。故填put；up。 52. She was tall and dark, and ______ me ______(使想起) my cousin Sarah. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. reminded ②. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：她又高又黑，让我想起了我的表妹萨拉。“使想起”用动词短语remind...of...；与系动词was之间是并列关系，作谓语，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填reminded；of。 53. The UN Secretary-General said that these nations had ______ ______(能够处理) the challenges that history gave them. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. risen ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：联合国秘书长表示，这些国家已经迎接了历史赋予他们的挑战。“能够处理”可用动词短语rise to， rise to the challenge意为“应对挑战”，是宾语从句中谓语动词，结合句意和空格前助动词had可知，设空处应使用过去分词构成过去完成时。故填risen to。 54. We will go back to normal when everything ______ ______(平息). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. calms ②. down 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：等一切平息下来，我们就会恢复正常。“平息”在时间状语从句中作谓语，用动词短语calm down表示；与主语everything之间是主动关系，主句使用了一般将来时态，根据“主将从现”原则，从句谓语用一般现在时态，主语是不定代词everything，谓语动词用单数形式。故填calms；down。 55. Last Sunday our volunteer team visited the hospital and ______ ______(使……振奋起来) the sick kids. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. cheered ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：上周日，我们的志愿者队去了医院，让生病的孩子们振作起来。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语cheer up sb“使某人振作起来”，宾语是代词时必须放在up前；若宾语是名词时，则可前可后。结合and连接的动词visited为过去时可知，此处也应为一般过去时。故分别填cheered；up。 56. Their twins have ______ ______(快速长高) since I last saw them. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. shot ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：自从上次见到他们的双胞胎到现在，双胞胎已经长高了很多。分析句子结构可知 ，空格处应填过去分词与空前have一起构成现在完成时，表示“快速长高”应用shoot up，为固定搭配，且这里应用过去分词形式。故填shot up。 57. Transitions(转变) between the old system and the new one need to be carefully planned and ______ ______(充分考虑). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. fully ②. considered 【解析】 【详解】考查副词和非谓语。句意：旧系统和新系统之间的转变需要仔细规划和充分考虑。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副词fully“充分”作状语修饰动词表示“考虑”的consider，结合句意以及and连接的be planned可知，此处应为动词被动语态。故分别填fully；considered 。 58. The school sees its job as preparing students to ______ ______ ______(为……做贡献) society. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. make ②. contributions ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：学校认为自己的工作是培养学生为社会做贡献。“为……做贡献”用动词短语make contributions to，在不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填make；contributions；to。 59. Sometimes, all it takes is a small act of kindness to ______ ______ ______(有影响) in someone’s life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. make ②. a ③. difference 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：有时候，一个小小的善举就能影响别人的生活。“有影响”用动词短语make a difference，在不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填make a difference。 60. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______(从我的观点出发), unfamiliar group members may fear making mistakes while practising oral English. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. From ②. my ③. point ④. of ⑤. view 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：从我的观点来看,不熟悉的成员可能害怕在练习口语时犯错误。“从我的观点出发”的英文表达是from my point of view，位于句首，第一个字母用大写。故答案为From my point of view。 短文填空(10） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Consisting of a bamboo frame and a___36___(delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oil-paper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China’s tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. Not just are they an instrument to keep off rain or sunlight, but also works of art___37___(possess) rich cultural significance and aesthetic (美的) value. The first oil-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220). Later, they___38___(bring) overseas to Japan and ancient Korea during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), which is___39___they were known as “Tang umbrellas”. It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrella___40___hand. For example, in Fenshui township in Luzhou, Sichuan Province, craftsmen must complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools___41___(create) a single handmade oil-paper umbrella. Since the___42___(appear) of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas___43___(suffer) from declining sales, while___44___number of craftsmen has been on the decrease. Fortunately, with the inclusion of Fenshui oil-paper umbrellas as one of China’s national intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been improving. These great items appear in many fashion shows and media publications because of the positive publicity___45___they have received. 【答案】36. delicately 37. possessing 38. were brought 39. why 40. by 41. to create 42. appearance 43. have suffered 44. the 45. that##which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国传统油纸伞的历史、工艺和现状等。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国油纸伞由竹制框架和精美绘制的纸面组成，长期以来一直被视为中国传统文化工艺和诗意美的象征。空处修饰形容词painted，应填副词形式delicately作状语，表示“精美地”。故填delicately。 【37题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：它们不仅是遮挡雨水或阳光的工具，而且是具有丰富文化意义和美学价值的艺术品。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词短语works of art，动词possess与其逻辑主语works of art为主动关系，所以应填现在分词possessing表主动，表示“拥有，具有”。故填possessing。 【38题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来，在唐朝（618-907年），它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。根据时间状语“during the Tang Dynasty”可知，句子用一般过去时，且动词bring与主语they之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义。故填were brought。 【39题详解】 考查表语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导一个表语从句，根据句意可知，此处表示“这就是为什么它们被称为‘唐伞’”，应填连接副词why引导。故填why。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：手工制作一把传统的中国油纸伞需要花费相当多的时间和精力。by hand为固定搭配，表示“手工地”。故填by。 【41题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：例如，在四川泸州汾水镇，工匠们必须完成90多个步骤，使用100多种不同的工具才能制作出一把手工油纸伞。此处涉及固定短语use sth to do sth，表示“用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：自现代机械伞出现以来，传统的油纸伞销量下滑，而工匠数量也在不断减少。空处应填名词作介词Since的宾语，appearance出现，不可数名词，故填appearance。 【43题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意同上。根据时间状语“Since the 　7　　 (appear) of modern mechanical umbrellas”可知，空处应用现在完成时，且主语traditional oil-paper umbrellas表示复数意义，助动词用have。故填have suffered。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处指“工匠数量也在不断减少”，the number of...……的数量，固定短语，故填the。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：由于受到了积极的宣传，这些优秀的商品出现在许多时装表演和媒体出版物中。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词publicity，指物，并在从句中作received的宾语，故填关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。 选词填空(10) 选择方框中的短语，并用其适当形式填空（有两项多余） see eye to eye, base... on…, look forward to, stick to, in exchange for, back down, remind…of… rise to, make advances in, take advantage of, make a difference, lie in 76. The root of the problem we are faced with ________________ low employment. 77. I will give you my favorite watch ________________ your bike. 78. After being shown conclusive evidence, the other side had to ________________. 79. Over the past decade, China ________________ renewable energy. 80. You will be allowed to choose a room ________________ your personal taste. 81. As long as have chosen the right path, it’s advised that you ________________ it. 82. When it comes to painting, the materials that you use can ________________. 83. When the invited speaker did not arrive, the chairman ________________ the occasion and gave an unprepared speech. 84. The brothers always quarreled; they could seldom ________________ each others. 85. Jean ________________ the lunch hour to finish her homework. 【答案】76. lies in 77. in exchange for 78. back down 79. has made advances in 80. based on 81. stick to 82. make a difference 83. rose to 84. see eye to eye with 85. took advantage of 【解析】 【76题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们面临的问题的根源在于低就业率。句子缺少谓语，根据“low employment”可知应填lie in，根据上文are可知为一般现在时，主语为The root of the problem，谓语用三单形式。故填lies in。 【77题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：我用我最喜欢的手表换你的自行车。句子主干成分完整，空后为名词短语，根据“your bike”可知应填in exchange for。故填in exchange for。 【78题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在出示了确凿的证据后，另一方不得不让步。had to后缺少动词（短语），根据“After being shown conclusive evidence”可知应填back down，且此处用短语have to do sth.。故填back down。 【79题详解】 考查动词。句意：在过去的十年里，中国在可再生能源方面取得了进展。句子缺少谓语，根据“renewable energy”可知应填make advances in，根据上文“Over the past decade”可知为现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has made advances in。 【80题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：你可以选择一个根据你个人喜好的房间。句子主干成分完整，空后为名词短语，根据“your personal taste”可知应填base... on…，此处为过去分词作状语。故填based on。 【81题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：只要选择了正确的道路，就建议你坚持下去。从句缺少谓语，根据“As long as have chosen the right path”可知应填stick to，it’s advised that…表示建议，从句中需用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should+动词原形”的形式，should可省略。故填stick to。 【82题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当涉及到绘画时，你使用的材料会产生影响。情态动词can后缺动词（短语），根据“the materials that you use”可知应填make a difference，且can后跟动词原形。故填make a difference。 【83题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：当被邀请的演讲者没有来的时候，主席挺身而出，做了一个（事先）没有准备的演讲。句子缺少谓语，根据“When the invited speaker did not arrive”可知应填rise to，根据上文invited可知为一般过去时。故填rose to。 【84题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：兄弟俩总是吵架；他们很少意见一致。句子缺少谓语，根据“The brothers always quarreled”可知应填see eye to eye with，且could后跟动词原形。故填see eye to eye with。 【85题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：琼利用午餐时间完成了她的作业。句子缺少谓语，根据“the lunch hour”可知应填take advantage of，结合语境可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填took advantage of。 写作（满分15分） 你校校报英语栏目向全校学征文，题目为“My Biggest Challenge in Senior High”，请你写一篇英语短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 你的经历； 2. 你的感悟。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 My Biggest Challenge in Senior High ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My Biggest Challenge in Senior High In our daily life, we unavoidably come across various challenges now and then. One challenge I faced when entering senior high school impressed me most. I was shocked to find what my physics teacher taught was totally beyond me, because of which I lost confidence completely. Thinking I lacked the gift for physics, I stopped making efforts, getting poor grades. Fortunately, my teacher didn’t give up on me. Instead, she helped me analyze my problems and I realized what I needed to do was rise to challenges bravely. I regained confidence, adjusted approaches and worked hard. Now I’m one of the top students in physics. From the above experience, I’ve learned that it is not our inborn gifts but our efforts that help us achieve success. When confronted with challenges, we should fight bravely instead of giving up. 【导语】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Biggest Challenge in Senior High”为题写一篇英文短文投稿，写一写自己在高中生活的经历和感悟。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 遇到：come across→run into/encounter 惊诧的：shocked→astonished 缺乏：lack→be short of 意识到：realize→be aware 2.句式拓展 同义句转化 原句：In our daily life, we unavoidably come across various challenges now and then. 拓展句：In daily life, it is unavoidable that we come across various challenges now and then. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I was shocked to find what my physics teacher taught was totally beyond me, because of which I lost confidence completely.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句和what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】When confronted with challenges, we should fight bravely instead of giving up.（运用了状语从句的省略） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$