Unit 1 Lights, camera, action（1）-《同步教学培优》2025-2026学年高一英语知识提炼+能力训练 （译林版必修第二册）

Unit 1 Lights, camera, action上 1.1 Welcome to the unit &Reading 重点词汇 1. __________ n. 类型，种类；vt. & vi. 打字 __________ adj. 典型的；特有的 2. __________ n. 喜剧片；喜剧 __________ n. (plu) n. __________ n喜剧演员 3. __________ n. 幻想作品；幻想，想象 __________ adj. 奇异的；空想的；极出色的；不可思议的； 4. __________ n. 恐怖电影（或故事等）；震惊，恐惧 __________ adj. 可怕的；极讨厌的 5. __________ n. 爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情 __________adj.浪漫的；多情的；空想的 __________adv. 浪漫地；不切实际地 __________n. 浪漫主义；浪漫精神 6. __________ n. 小说；虚构的故事 7. __________ adv. 事实上；实际上 __________ adj. 真实的，实际的 8. __________ adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的__________ adv. 短暂地；简略地；暂时地 9. __________ adj. 熟悉的；常见的 __________ adv. 不拘礼节地；亲密地；精通地 10. __________ n. 因素，要素 11. __________ n. 恐龙 12. __________ n. 信封 13. __________ vt. 认为有重要性，重视； 把…固定，附上 __________adj. 附加的；依恋的 __________ n. 附件；依恋；连接物 14. __________adj. 视力的；视觉的 __________n. 视力；美景；眼力 15. __________adv. 频繁地，经常地 __________adj. 频繁的；时常发生的；惯常的 __________n. 频率；频繁 16. __________ vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 __________adj. 优先的；首选的 __________n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 17. __________adj. 创造性的，创作的；有创造力的__________vt. 创造，创作；造成__________n. 创造，创作；创作物，产物 __________n. 创造力；创造性 18. __________n. 方法；接近；靠近 vt. 接近；靠近；处理 19. __________ vt. 改变，修改；复习；修订 __________n.修正；复习；修订本 20. __________n. 史学工作者；历史学家 __________n. 历史，历史学 __________adj. 历史的；史学的；与历史有关的 __________adj. 有历史意义的；历史上著名的 21. __________vt. 保证；确保 22. __________n. 大海；海洋 23. __________n. 公平；公正；公道；合理 24. __________n. 奖；奖品；奖金 vt. 授予；给予 25. __________n. 观众， 听众 26. __________ vi. 表演；工作；运转 vt. 表演；做，履行 __________n. 性能；表演；执行；表现 __________n. 演出者；执行者；演奏者 27. __________n. 外景拍摄地，地方，地点 __________vt. 位于；查找…的地点vi. 定位；定居 28. __________n 沙漠；荒漠 __________adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的；无人居住的 重点词组 1. ______________________ 大量的 2. ______________________ 发生 3. ______________________ 对… 熟悉 4. ______________________ 非常重视 5. ______________________ 在…前面 6. ______________________ 分离；把…和… 分开 7. ______________________ 得出一个结论 8. ______________________ 更好的理解 9. ______________________ 除… 以外还有 10. _____________________ 利用 重点句型 1. whatever引导让步状语从句 2. 现在分词做后置定语 知识点梳理 1. horror horrible adj. 可怕的；极讨厌的 原文：Below is a list of some popular film type: horrible…以下是一些受欢迎的电影类型: 恐怖电影… (教材P1) ◆ n. 恐怖电影（或故事等）；震惊，恐惧 (1)in horror惊恐地 horror of sth/of doing sth 对某事物的强烈畏惧（或憎恨） horror of horrors 极其糟糕 a horror film/movie 恐怖片/ 电影 (2) horrible disaster 惨祸严重的灾祸 horrible sight 可怕的景象 a horrible crime/nightmare 骇人听闻的罪行/ 可怕的噩梦 ①People watched in horror as the plane crashed to the ground. 人们惊恐地看着飞机坠落到地面上。 ②Most people have a horror of speaking in public. 大多数人都十分害怕当众讲话。 ③Never in all my life have I seen such a horrible thing. 我一辈子也没见过这么恐怖的事。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①______________________, he asked if the doctor thought he had cancer. 他惊恐失色地问医生是否认定他患了癌症。 ②The television pictures brought home to us ______________________ the attack. 电视画面使我们充分地了解这次袭击有多么恐怖。 ③I had ______________________ yesterday morning. 昨天早晨我经历了一件可怕的事情。 2. brief 原文：Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might be familiar with.今天我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的几个方面作一个简单的介绍？(教材P2) ◆adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的 in brief (in short/ in a word) 简而言之 brief and to the point 简明扼要 a brief visit/meeting/conversation 短时间的访问╱会议╱交谈 a brief description/summary/account 简明扼要的描述╱总结╱叙述 a brief skirt 超短裙 ①Mozart's life was brief. 莫扎特的一生很短暂。 ②He made a brief, unexpected appearance at the office. 他在办公室短暂、出人意料地露了一面。 ③In brief, the meeting was a disaster. 总之，那会议糟透了 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①There was only time for _________________. 只有简短的交谈时间 ②__________________, I had never much connected his art to his person. 简单地说，就是我在很大程度上无法将他的艺术作品同他本人相挂钩 ③The description which he had been given was___________________. 对他所作的描述简要、中肯。 3. familiar 原文：Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might be familiar with. 今天我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的几个方面作一个简单的介绍？(教材P2) ◆adj. 熟悉的；常见的 (1) be familiar with 对… 熟悉 be familiar to 为…所熟悉 look familiar眼熟 (2) be similar to 与…相似 ①Are you familiar with the computer software they use? 你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？ ②The plotline is similar to that of many other movies. 该主要情节与其他众多电影的主要情节相似 [完成句子/一句多译] ①Since Beijing，I can show you around the places of interest in Beijing. 由于我熟悉北京，我可以带你参观北京的名胜古迹。 ②尽管他去过那里很多次，他仍然不熟悉那个城市。 →He ，though he has been there many times. →The city ，though he has been there many times. 4. attach attached附属的；依恋的；喜欢的 原文：Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effect.另外一个我非常重视的方面是视觉特效。(教材P3) ◆vt. 认为有重要性，重视； 把…固定，附上 (1)attach to 依附，附属；加入；使依恋；把…放在; （使）与…有联系 attach sth (to sth) 把…固定，把…附（在…上） attach importance, significance, value, weight, etc. (to sth)认为有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等）；重视 (2) be attached to 喜欢；依附于；隶属于 ①No one is suggesting that any health risks attach to this product. 没有人指出这个产品可能会危害健康。 ②They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement. 他们在协议上附加了一些条件。 ③They attach great importance to the project. 他们高度重视这个项目。 ④The research unit is attached to the university.  这个研究单位附属于大学。 [单句语法填空/完成句子/单句写作] ①Mother asked me to attach a stamp the envelope and mail it. ②He is (attach) to the network games so that he often plays truant(逃课)． ③It is high time that the country energy saving and environmental protection. 现在是国家应该重视节能和环保的时候了。 ④许多人把出名和变得富有看得很重。 . 5. prefer (preferred/ preferred) preference n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 原文：However, the aid of computers isn’t always preferred.不过，计算机辅助并不总是受到青睐。(教材P3) ◆vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 (1)prefer to do/ doing stn 更喜欢做… prefer sth to sth 喜欢…而不喜欢… prefer doing to doing 宁愿做…而不愿做… prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做… 而不愿做… = would do sth rather than do sth/ would rather do sth than do sth (2) have a preference for 对… 偏爱 ①Old people prefer to stay in their own homes.  老年人喜欢待在自己家中。 ②I prefer walking to climbing.  我喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山。 ③The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.  大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视多于听收音机。 ④For example, I prefer to do some sports rather than stay at home.  举例来说，我偏爱做一些运动并非在家休闲。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①I prefer reading books written by Mo Yan watching TV series based on his novels. ②A teacher shouldn’t have a (prefer) for any one of his pupils. ③他宁愿死也不愿屈服投降。 →He die rather than give in. →He would rather die give in. →He would die give in. 6. approach 原文：Peter Jackson, direct of The load of the ring films, took a creative approach .《指环王》系列电影的导演彼得. 杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方式。(教材P3) ◆n. 方法；接近；靠近；通道； vt. 接近；靠近；处理；接洽 the approach of …的来临/临近 the approach to …的方法/ 去某处的通道 ①He took a very scientific approach to management.  他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法。 ②She hadn't heard his approach and jumped as the door opened.  她没有听见他走近的声音，所以门开时吓了一跳。 ③All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.  通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。 ④As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left.  快到市镇时就可以看见左边的学院。  ⑤We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product. 一些对我们的产品感兴趣的公司已和我们接洽。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①All the approaches the mountain were blocked by the branches of the trees. ②I prefer her approach to (learn) classic literature，which is highly thought of by her Chinese teacher. ③随着秋季的来临，天气变得凉爽起来。 →As ，the weather becomes cool.(approach v．) →With ，the weather becomes cool.(approach v．) → autumn brings the cool weather.(approach n．) 【易混辨析】approach, method, way, means (1) approach n.处理问题的具体方法，步骤。 搭配：the approach to  (2) method n. 指有条理的，系统的办法。 搭配：the method of doing  (3) way n. 方法的通用语，使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或 口语中。 搭配：The way of doing / to do (4) (单复数同形) 实现目的的任何手段，或使用某种交通工具的方式 。 搭配： by means of 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①His bike is his only ___________ of transport.  自行车是他唯一的代步工具。 ②I've been looking out for an efficient teaching _________.  我一直在寻求一种有效的教学法 ③I've worked out a new _________ of doing it.  我想出了做这事的一个新方法 ④He took a very scientific _________ to management.  他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法 7. award reward n. 报酬；报答；酬谢 vt. 奖励；奖赏 原文：It has won many awards,…. 它赢得了很多奖项。(教材P5) ◆n. 奖；奖品；奖金 vt. 授予；给予 (1)award sb sth for 因为… 奖励某人某物 be awarded sth for… 因为某事而被授予某物 award sb sth= award sth to sb 奖励/ 授予/判给某人某物 (2) win/ get a award 获得奖项 an award presentation/ceremony 颁奖；颁奖仪式 the Housing Design Award 住宅设计奖 ①I have been awarded for my outstanding performances in the past few years.  在过去的几年中，因为我的出色表现，我多次受到奖励。 ②The judges awarded equal points to both finalists.  裁判判定决赛双方得分相等。 ③She has won the award for the third year in succession.  这是她连续第三年获得此奖 【易混辨析】award, reward, prize (1) award 用作可数名词时，指“奖品，奖金，奖赏”，侧重按法律与规定而给予的荣誉。 (2) reward 可用作名词或动词，它的意思特指“报答，报偿，酬谢，奖赏”，重点在于对好行为或者功绩的报答、酬谢。 (3) prize 也意为“奖品，奖金”，但它主要用于表示“获得几等奖”或“获奖金额”，特指在竞争、竞赛中获得的奖 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①"Poison" took first ___________ at the 1991 Sundance Film Festival.  《毒药》在1991年的圣丹斯电影节上赢得一等奖。 ②This new invention won the highest ____________.  这项新发明获得最高奖。 ③A ￡100 ___________ has been offered for the return of the necklace.  已悬赏100英镑找寻项链 8. perform performance n.性能；表演；执行；表现 performer n.演出者；执行者；演奏者 原文：… have actors perform on location…. … 让演员在外景表演。(教材P5) ◆vi. 表演；工作；运转 vt. 表演；做，履行 (1) perform one’s duty/ promise 履行职能/ 诺言 perform an experience/ operation 做手术/ 实验 perform well/badly/poorly  表现/运转的好/不好 (2) give/ put on a performance 演出；表演 outstanding performance 出色表现；杰出的表现 academic performance 学习成绩；学业表现 ①To make members of a team perform better, the trainer, first of all, has to know theirstrength and weakness.  为了使队员们表现得更好，教练首先得了解他们的优点和缺点 ②She gave the greatest performance of her career.  她做了演艺生涯中最精彩的表演。 ③A performer plays classical selections on the violin.  一位表演者用小提琴演奏古典音乐选段。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①She _____________________ our organization.  她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。 ②The company _____________________ over the past year.  这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。 ③It was ______________________ by the French team.  那是法国队一次令人叹服的表现 重点句型 1. whatever引导让步状语从句 原文： Whatever you answer is, there is always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. 无论你的答案是什么，事情总比你认为的要复杂的多。(教材P2) 【句式分析】 本句是whatever引导的让步状语从句，特殊疑问词（whenever, wherever, however，whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever） + ever引导让步状语从句相当于 no matter + 特殊疑问词（when, where, how, who, whom, what, which）。 特殊疑问词+ ever 既可以引导名词性从句，也能引导让步状语从句； no matter +特殊疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。 ①Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 任何人违反法律都要被惩罚。 ②whoever/ no matter who breaks the law, he will be published. 任何人违反法律都要被惩罚。 ③Anyone who breaks the law will be published. 任何人违反法律都要被惩罚。 【跟踪典例】翻译句子 无论他做出什么决定我都会支持的。 ① _________________________________________ ② _________________________________________ ③ _________________________________________ 2. 现在分词做后置定语 原文： Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of green scene in the studio. 一般来说，需要使用CGI的场景会在工作室的绿幕前拍摄。(教材P3) 【句式分析】 本句中“requiring CGI” 做scenes的后置定语，意为“需要CGI的场景”。 定语是指起修饰限定作用的句子成分，多翻译为“... 的”， 后置定语，顾名思义，放在被修饰词后的定语。现在分词（doing）作定语， 多表主动和进行的含义。有别于过去分词(done)，表被动含义。 ①A room facing the sea 一个面朝大海的房间 （房间面向大海，主动） ②A girl standing at the gate 一个正站在门边的女孩 （女孩站在门口，主动） ③A girl called lily 一个被叫做lily的女孩 (女孩被叫做lily，被动) ④A machine invented by the scientists 一个被科学家发明的机器 (机器被发明，被动) 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①The book _________ (write) by him sells well.. 它写的书很畅销。 ②The man __________ (talk) to my mom is my English teacher. 正在和我妈妈谈话的人是我的英语老师。 3.The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. with复合结构 本句中with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen 为with 复合结构，在句中作状语。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。常用结构如下： with＋宾语＋ [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①With spring (approach)，everything comes to life again. ②With all his homework (finish)，he went out to play football. ③ ，he must work day in and day out. 有这么多工作要做，他必须夜以继日地工作。 ④ ，we found the historian’s home easily. 因为有人带路，我们很轻松地找到了那位历史学家的家。 1.2 Grammar：主谓一致 主谓一致的定义个三大原则 主谓一致是句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致，一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 （一）语法一致原则 主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。 （1）动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ①Smoking is a bad habit. 吸烟是一个坏习惯。 ②To have known you is a privilege. 认识了你真是荣幸。 ③what you can see here is that you get this interesting pattern. 现在你们可以看到这个有趣的图形。 ④Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.　 所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。 （2）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 ①Coursework, as well as exam results, is taken into account. 除考试结果外，课程作业也要计入成绩。 ②I think Tom, rather than you is to blame for the accident. 我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故负责任。 ③The teacher, along with his students, was present at the meeting yesterday. 这个老师和他的学生都参加了昨天会议 （3）and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 ①Mike and Sue are always rowing. 迈克和休总是吵架 ②Both Beijing and Shanghai are big cities. 北京和上海都是大都会。 注意：如果and连接两个单数可数名词或不可数名词，表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。 ①The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。 ②A knife and fork is easy for English people. 一副刀叉对于英国人来说是容易的。 （4）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 ①This is one of the novels that have ever been written by Mo Yan.　 这是莫言所写的小说之一。 ②She is the only one of the girls who sings well in class. 她是班里女生中唯一一个歌唱得很好的。 ③I, who am your friend, will help you. 我是你的朋友，我将会帮助你 （5）“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 ①Many a good man has been destroyed by drink. 许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。 ②Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.　 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （二）意义一致原则 意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。 （1）集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成整体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。 ①Almost every family in the country owns a television. 这个国家几乎家家都有一台电视机。 ②My family are sports fans. 我们一家人是体育迷。 注意：形式为单数但意义为复数概念的police, people等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ①The police are searching for the murderer in the mountain.　 警察正在山里搜寻杀人犯。 ②The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever. 中国人民更深感自由与和平的珍贵。 （2）“分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。 ①About one third of the books are worth reading. 这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。 ②Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.　 总共有超过70%的地球表面被水覆盖。 （3）“the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ①The rich are not necessarily happy. 有钱人并不都是高兴的。 （4）a quantity of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数；谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义。quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。 ①A quantity of money is needed for the project. 这个项目需要大量的金钱。 ②A quantity of workers are needed for the project. 这个项目需要大量的工人。 ③With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 由于更多的森林被毁，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。 （5）“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 ①The number of people invited was one hundred, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.　收到邀请的总共有100人，但很多人因为各种原因缺席了。 （6）表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 ①Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. 对于一个男孩来说，3 000美元是一笔大数目。 ② Three years is a long time for me. 对我来说三年是一段漫长的时间 （三）就近一致原则 就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。 （1）由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also)．.., not...but...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 ①Not only I but also she is enjoying the film. 不仅我而且她都在津津乐道地看电影 ②Neither you nor I am good at English . 你不擅长英语，我也不擅长 （2）在there be句型中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 ①There are three books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。 ②There is a book, two pencils and some buttons on the table. 在桌子上，有一本书，两支铅笔和一些扣子。 练习 一、单句语法填空 1．There (be) one table and three chairs in the room. 2．Four weeks (be) often approximately regarded as one month. 3．Huge quantities of good earth (be) being washed away each year. 4．This new type of buses (be) popular among the young people. 5．Please treat all people equally，regardless their job and race. 6．More than one student (pass) the examination up to now. 7．It’s said that two thirds of the water around the world (be) polluted. 8．Smog and haze (be) a kind of air pollution.It makes people worry about their health. 二、单选题 1. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city______in favour of the proposal on health care reform． A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. If you look at all sides of the situation，youˈll find probably a solution that _______ everyone． A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited 3. The musician along with his band members_______ten performances in the last three months． A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 4. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 5. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,_______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise． A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 6. Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ______ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn 7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 8. Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains，______ some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept 9. Among the crises that face humans ______ the lack of natural resources. A. is B. are C. is there D. are there 10. At present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ______ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. A. is B. are C. will be D. was 11. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1997. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 12. —Is everyone here? —Not yet...Look，there______ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 13. The famous musician，as well as his students，______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited 14. The teacher together with the students ______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. A. are；were B. is；were C. are；was D. is；was 15. One­ third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ black people. A. is；are B. is；is C. are；are D. are；is 三、单句语法填空 1. Either you or I ________ (be) going to have to take him to the shop. 2. Fish and chips ________ (be) a famous British dish. 3. Skipping meals ________ (be) a bad way to lose weight. 4. "Life is like walking in the snow," Granny used to say, "because every step ________ (show)." 5. There is a grocery near the school. Both bread and butter ________ (sell) well in that grocery. 6. When fat and salt ________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 7. Neither I nor Amy __________(be) to attend the business conference if we are busy. 8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary (be) tired of having one examination after another. 9. So far, there _________ (be) some progress in saving endangered wildlife in China. 10. It is Mike, not you, that ________ responsible for this big mistake. 11. The teacher, as well as her students, ________ (invite) to attend the meeting. 12. The population of Jiangsu __________(grow) to more than twice what it was in 1949 and one-third of the population __________(be) farmers. 13. Present at the party ________ (be) a crowd of young people who called themselves pioneers of modern art. 14. A large percentage of the population in our country _____ (be) farmers. 15. Last year large amounts of money ____________ (spend) on building the bridge. 四、篇章语法填空 Thirty years 1. (be) not a long period in history，but every man and every woman 2. (change) a lot in the past thirty years.When it comes to the development of China，none of us 3. (doubt) that either the surroundings or the policy 4. (benefit) us a great deal.With thirty years’ development，China，along with its people，5. (stand) higher on the stage of the world.Although there 6. (exist) an environmental problem and other ones，like housing and crimes，the public 7. (have) a strong belief that tomorrow will be better.Whether we can realize our dream 8. (depend) on our own effort.To construct our country 9. (be) a great honour，so not only you but also I 10. (be) the one who should be devoted to making our country a splendid one. 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. Sometimes reality and f_________ are hard to distinguish. 2. When she saw him, she let out a cry of h_________. 3. R_________ is one thing, marriage is quite another.  4. Our aim is to allow student teachers to become f_________ with the classroom. 5. He slit open the e_________ and took out the letter. 6. I have a very good _________ memory.（过目不忘） 7. This will e_________ the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows 8. The new-media industry attracts young and c_________ people 9. We need to take a different a_________ to the problem. 10. In view of the present situation, we'll have to _________(改变) our original plan. 11. We tried to _________(确保) that everyone got a fair deal. 12. I missed the beginning of the _________(讲座)—can you give me the gist of what he said? 13. He firmly believes liberty is inseparable from social _________(公正). 14. He received the _________(奖金) in recognition of his success over the past year. 15. The debate was televised in front of a live _________(观众) . 16. Thousands of people paid good money to watch the band _________(表演). 17. The importance of the town is due to its geographical _________(位置). Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. I had a ____________(horror) experience yesterday morning. 2. Jack and Marilyn were familiar ____________ each other. 3. We should attach importance ____________ children's mental health. 4. There is a ____________(frequently) bus service into the centre of town. 5. I prefer to do housework rather than ____________(sit) there doing nothing.  6. I changed my approach to ____________(learn) and am doing better. 7. With winter ____________(coming)  on, it's time to buy warm clothes. 8. The young man ____________(dress) in blue is our manager.  阅读理解 A For several months，Cara has been working up the courage to approach her mom about what she saw on Instagram.Not long ago，the 11­year­old girl，like all the other kids in this story，discovered that her mom had been posting her photos for much of her life.“I’ve wanted to bring it up.It’s strange to see myself up there，and sometimes there are pictures I don’t like of myself，”she said. Like most other modern kids，Cara grew up immersed in social media.While many kids may not yet have accounts themselves，their parents，schools，sports teams，and organizations have been organizing an online presence for them since birth.The shock of realizing that details about your life have been shared online without your permission or knowledge has become an important experience in the lives of many teenagers.Recently a parenting blogger(博主) wrote in a Washington Post essay that despite(不顾) her 14­year­old daughter’s horror at discovering that her mother had shared years of highly personal stories and information about her online，she simply could not stop posting on her blog and social media.The writer said that promising her daughter that she would stop posting her publicly on the Internet would mean shutting down a vital part of herself，which isn’t necessarily good for herself or her daughter. But it’s not just crazy mommy bloggers who construct a child’s online identity；plenty of average parents do the same.There’s even a special word for it: sharenting.Almost a quarter of children begin their digital lives when parents upload their photos to the Internet，according to a study conducted by the Internet­security firm AVG.The study also found that 92 percent of kids under the age of 2 already have their own unique digital identity. 21．How does Cara feel about her mom’s behavior? A．It’s aggressive. B．It’s appropriate. C．It’s annoying. D．It’s favorable. 22．Who are fond of sharenting? A．A quarter of students. B．Most ordinary parents. C．Kids under the age of 2. D．Some crazy bloggers. 23．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Children’s New Trouble B．Social Media C．Kids’ Online Performance D．Mommy Bloggers B When Roy Austin went on his first wildlife trip back in 2018,his only goal for the leisurely vacation was to catch sight of some African wildlife in its natural habitat—but he ended up finding something much more meaningful.He was most captivated(迷住)by the people he met in rural Kenya—particularly at the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School in Amboseli National Park. In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers,Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children.“In rural Kenya,the government does not build school buildings.You either build it yourself or raise money to have it built,” says Austin.“A teacher was asked if they had a library.She replied,‘No,but we would love to have a library.’ That stuck in my mind.” When Austin eventually returned to his home in Bluffton,South Carolina,he launched Libraries for Kids International.Since starting the charity,Austin has managed to ship more than 1,000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.He sends the books through the post office rather than FedEx to keep the shipping costs down. As it continues to collect books and donations for additional shipments,Austin says that the charity is now helping to move a shipping container of 22,000 books from Atlanta to Kenya.In the future,the philanthropist(慈善家)hopes to start sending donations to South America as well. “Many people told me that it can’t be done.It’s too expensive to ship books,and they will disappear going through customs,” Austin says.“However,every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers.If you focus on the problems,you will never start.On the contrary,if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise,most anything is possible.” 24.What problem does Austin find in rural Kenya? A.Education depends on charity. B.Students lack education resources. C.Books get lost going through customs. D.Families can’t afford the kids’ schooling. 25.What does Austin do for the people in rural Kenya? A.He teaches at school. B.He funds a library for them. C.He reduces the shipping costs. D.He ships books to schools. 26.What can we learn from Austin’s story? A.It is the first step that costs. B.Success belongs to the persevering. C.Every bit of effort makes a big difference. D.Nothing is difficult to a determined mind. 27.Which of the following best describes Austin? A.A crazy adventurer. B.A devoted educator. C.A charity enthusiast. D.A passionate volunteer. 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Travel is one of the activities people carry out most often during their spare time. Although travel may cost a lot of money, most people like to travel. Maybe, for them, to broaden their horizons and to be happy and healthy, are more important than money. 36.______ The following tips on travel may help you if you plan to travel later on. 37．______ If you want to enjoy a wonderful trip, you should think carefully about where to go. Before making a decision, you should seek others' advice and try to know more about the place that you are going to, including how to get there, the cost, the sights you plan to visit, and so on. You should consider travel insurance. 38.______ Once such injury or accident happens to you, you may not have to suffer both physically and financially as long as you have travel insurance. 39．______ Here's an example: Nine friends ate at a restaurant when on a school trip overseas, eight had diarrhea(腹泻)the next day. The one who didn't get sick was the only one who had ordered a dish that didn't need to be touched by human hands right before serving. Mind your basic safety. It's easy to let your guard down when you travel. After all, you're more relaxed and there are so many new sights to focus on. 40.______ So, watch out for your personal safety at all times. A．Know more about the place you plan to visit. B．However, nothing is more important than your life. C．Make sure to take things that you need during the travel. D．You may easily get into trouble if you don't obey the rules. E．Travel can be a wonderful experience and a sweet memory. F．Be careful about what to eat when you are far away from home. G．Especially if you plan to take part in adventure activities, you may get injured. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） Do you know that woman who looks disappointed behind you 61_______ a line in the supermarket? Or your elderly neighbors you only see when they're collecting their mails? Take a minute to say hello to them, or just smile!     We're all busy, but it's 62_______ (equal) rewarding for you to make someone else feel special by starting up a small talk. This is something I 63_______ (work) on over the last few years. I'm easily affected by seeing others who seem lonely and worry about people who may not feel as 64_______—(love) as they should be. It doesn't mean I try to become best friends with these people, but I strongly believe that a small gesture is worth twice 65______ (it) weight in gold. You never know 66_______ someone else is going through and how much 67_______ (different) you might really make to them.     With some small talk, we can get to hear some wonderful 68_______ (story) and experiences others share. It makes you feel good. Besides, you might end up 69_______ (make) some pretty great friends in unexpected places and it only costs 70_______ minute or two of your time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Lights, camera, action上 1.1 Welcome to the unit &Reading 重点词汇 1. __________ n. 类型，种类；vt. & vi. 打字 __________ adj. 典型的；特有的 2. __________ n. 喜剧片；喜剧 __________ n. (plu) n. __________ n喜剧演员 3. __________ n. 幻想作品；幻想，想象 __________ adj. 奇异的；空想的；极出色的；不可思议的； 4. __________ n. 恐怖电影（或故事等）；震惊，恐惧 __________ adj. 可怕的；极讨厌的 5. __________ n. 爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情 __________adj.浪漫的；多情的；空想的 __________adv. 浪漫地；不切实际地 __________n. 浪漫主义；浪漫精神 6. __________ n. 小说；虚构的故事 7. __________ adv. 事实上；实际上 __________ adj. 真实的，实际的 8. __________ adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的__________ adv. 短暂地；简略地；暂时地 9. __________ adj. 熟悉的；常见的 __________ adv. 不拘礼节地；亲密地；精通地 10. __________ n. 因素，要素 11. __________ n. 恐龙 12. __________ n. 信封 13. __________ vt. 认为有重要性，重视； 把…固定，附上 __________adj. 附加的；依恋的 __________ n. 附件；依恋；连接物 14. __________adj. 视力的；视觉的 __________n. 视力；美景；眼力 15. __________adv. 频繁地，经常地 __________adj. 频繁的；时常发生的；惯常的 __________n. 频率；频繁 16. __________ vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 __________adj. 优先的；首选的 __________n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 17. __________adj. 创造性的，创作的；有创造力的__________vt. 创造，创作；造成__________n. 创造，创作；创作物，产物 __________n. 创造力；创造性 18. __________n. 方法；接近；靠近 vt. 接近；靠近；处理 19. __________ vt. 改变，修改；复习；修订 __________n.修正；复习；修订本 20. __________n. 史学工作者；历史学家 __________n. 历史，历史学 __________adj. 历史的；史学的；与历史有关的 __________adj. 有历史意义的；历史上著名的 21. __________vt. 保证；确保 22. __________n. 大海；海洋 23. __________n. 公平；公正；公道；合理 24. __________n. 奖；奖品；奖金 vt. 授予；给予 25. __________n. 观众， 听众 26. __________ vi. 表演；工作；运转 vt. 表演；做，履行 __________n. 性能；表演；执行；表现 __________n. 演出者；执行者；演奏者 27. __________n. 外景拍摄地，地方，地点 __________vt. 位于；查找…的地点vi. 定位；定居 28. __________n 沙漠；荒漠 __________adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的；无人居住的 重点词组 1. ______________________ 大量的 2. ______________________ 发生 3. ______________________ 对… 熟悉 4. ______________________ 非常重视 5. ______________________ 在…前面 6. ______________________ 分离；把…和… 分开 7. ______________________ 得出一个结论 8. ______________________ 更好的理解 9. ______________________ 除… 以外还有 10. _____________________ 利用 重点句型 1. whatever引导让步状语从句 2. 现在分词做后置定语 【重点词汇】 1. type; typical 2.comedy; comedies; comedian 3.fantasy; fantastic 4.horror; horrible 5.romance; romantic; romantically; romanticism 6.fiction 7.actually; actual 8.brief; briefly 9. familiar; familiarly 10. factor 11. dinosaur 12. envelope 13. attach; attached; attachment; 14. visual; vision 15. frequently; frequent; frequency 16. prefer; preferred; preference 17. creative; create; creation; creativity 18. approach 19. revise; revision 20. historian; history; historical; historic 21. ensure; 22. ocean 23. justice 24. award 25. audience 26. perform; performance; performer 27. location; locate 28. desert; deserted 【重点词组】 1. a huge amount of 2.take place 3.be familiar with 4.attach great importance to 5. in front of. 6. separate … from 7.draw a conclusion 8. have a better understanding of 9. in addition to 10. take advantage of 知识点梳理 1. horror horrible adj. 可怕的；极讨厌的 原文：Below is a list of some popular film type: horrible…以下是一些受欢迎的电影类型: 恐怖电影… (教材P1) ◆ n. 恐怖电影（或故事等）；震惊，恐惧 (1)in horror惊恐地 horror of sth/of doing sth 对某事物的强烈畏惧（或憎恨） horror of horrors 极其糟糕 a horror film/movie 恐怖片/ 电影 (2) horrible disaster 惨祸严重的灾祸 horrible sight 可怕的景象 a horrible crime/nightmare 骇人听闻的罪行/ 可怕的噩梦 ①People watched in horror as the plane crashed to the ground. 人们惊恐地看着飞机坠落到地面上。 ②Most people have a horror of speaking in public. 大多数人都十分害怕当众讲话。 ③Never in all my life have I seen such a horrible thing. 我一辈子也没见过这么恐怖的事。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①______________________, he asked if the doctor thought he had cancer. 他惊恐失色地问医生是否认定他患了癌症。 ②The television pictures brought home to us ______________________ the attack. 电视画面使我们充分地了解这次袭击有多么恐怖。 ③I had ______________________ yesterday morning. 昨天早晨我经历了一件可怕的事情。 【答案】 ① With a look of horror ② the full horror of ③ a horrible experience 2. brief 原文：Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might be familiar with.今天我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的几个方面作一个简单的介绍？(教材P2) ◆adj. 简洁的，简单的；短时间的 in brief (in short/ in a word) 简而言之 brief and to the point 简明扼要 a brief visit/meeting/conversation 短时间的访问╱会议╱交谈 a brief description/summary/account 简明扼要的描述╱总结╱叙述 a brief skirt 超短裙 ①Mozart's life was brief. 莫扎特的一生很短暂。 ②He made a brief, unexpected appearance at the office. 他在办公室短暂、出人意料地露了一面。 ③In brief, the meeting was a disaster. 总之，那会议糟透了 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①There was only time for _________________. 只有简短的交谈时间 ②__________________, I had never much connected his art to his person. 简单地说，就是我在很大程度上无法将他的艺术作品同他本人相挂钩 ③The description which he had been given was___________________. 对他所作的描述简要、中肯。 【答案】 ①a brief exchange ②In brief ③brief and to the point 3. familiar 原文：Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might be familiar with. 今天我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的几个方面作一个简单的介绍？(教材P2) ◆adj. 熟悉的；常见的 (1) be familiar with 对… 熟悉 be familiar to 为…所熟悉 look familiar眼熟 (2) be similar to 与…相似 ①Are you familiar with the computer software they use? 你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗？ ②The plotline is similar to that of many other movies. 该主要情节与其他众多电影的主要情节相似 [完成句子/一句多译] ①Since Beijing，I can show you around the places of interest in Beijing. 由于我熟悉北京，我可以带你参观北京的名胜古迹。 ②尽管他去过那里很多次，他仍然不熟悉那个城市。 →He ，though he has been there many times. →The city ，though he has been there many times. 【答案】1.I am familiar with2.is still not familiar with the city，is still not familiar to him 4. attach attached附属的；依恋的；喜欢的 原文：Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effect.另外一个我非常重视的方面是视觉特效。(教材P3) ◆vt. 认为有重要性，重视； 把…固定，附上 (1)attach to 依附，附属；加入；使依恋；把…放在; （使）与…有联系 attach sth (to sth) 把…固定，把…附（在…上） attach importance, significance, value, weight, etc. (to sth)认为有重要性（或意义、价值、分量等）；重视 (2) be attached to 喜欢；依附于；隶属于 ①No one is suggesting that any health risks attach to this product. 没有人指出这个产品可能会危害健康。 ②They have attached a number of conditions to the agreement. 他们在协议上附加了一些条件。 ③They attach great importance to the project. 他们高度重视这个项目。 ④The research unit is attached to the university.  这个研究单位附属于大学。 [单句语法填空/完成句子/单句写作] ①Mother asked me to attach a stamp the envelope and mail it. ②He is (attach) to the network games so that he often plays truant(逃课)． ③It is high time that the country energy saving and environmental protection. 现在是国家应该重视节能和环保的时候了。 ④许多人把出名和变得富有看得很重。 . 【答案】1.to 2.attached3.should attach/attached importance to4.Many people attach importance to becoming rich and famous 5. prefer (preferred/ preferred) preference n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 原文：However, the aid of computers isn’t always preferred.不过，计算机辅助并不总是受到青睐。(教材P3) ◆vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 (1)prefer to do/ doing stn 更喜欢做… prefer sth to sth 喜欢…而不喜欢… prefer doing to doing 宁愿做…而不愿做… prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做… 而不愿做… = would do sth rather than do sth/ would rather do sth than do sth (2) have a preference for 对… 偏爱 ①Old people prefer to stay in their own homes.  老年人喜欢待在自己家中。 ②I prefer walking to climbing.  我喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山。 ③The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.  大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视多于听收音机。 ④For example, I prefer to do some sports rather than stay at home.  举例来说，我偏爱做一些运动并非在家休闲。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①I prefer reading books written by Mo Yan watching TV series based on his novels. ②A teacher shouldn’t have a (prefer) for any one of his pupils. ③他宁愿死也不愿屈服投降。 →He die rather than give in. →He would rather die give in. →He would die give in. 【答案】1.to 2.preference3.He preferred to die rather than give in，He would rather die than give in，He would die rather than give in 6. approach 原文：Peter Jackson, direct of The load of the ring films, took a creative approach .《指环王》系列电影的导演彼得. 杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方式。(教材P3) ◆n. 方法；接近；靠近；通道； vt. 接近；靠近；处理；接洽 the approach of …的来临/临近 the approach to …的方法/ 去某处的通道 ①He took a very scientific approach to management.  他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法。 ②She hadn't heard his approach and jumped as the door opened.  她没有听见他走近的声音，所以门开时吓了一跳。 ③All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.  通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。 ④As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left.  快到市镇时就可以看见左边的学院。  ⑤We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product. 一些对我们的产品感兴趣的公司已和我们接洽。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①All the approaches the mountain were blocked by the branches of the trees. ②I prefer her approach to (learn) classic literature，which is highly thought of by her Chinese teacher. ③随着秋季的来临，天气变得凉爽起来。 →As ，the weather becomes cool.(approach v．) →With ，the weather becomes cool.(approach v．) → autumn brings the cool weather.(approach n．) 【答案】1.to 2.learning3.autumn is approaching，autumn approaching，The approach of 【易混辨析】approach, method, way, means (1) approach n.处理问题的具体方法，步骤。 搭配：the approach to  (2) method n. 指有条理的，系统的办法。 搭配：the method of doing  (3) way n. 方法的通用语，使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或 口语中。 搭配：The way of doing / to do (4) (单复数同形) 实现目的的任何手段，或使用某种交通工具的方式 。 搭配： by means of 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①His bike is his only ___________ of transport.  自行车是他唯一的代步工具。 ②I've been looking out for an efficient teaching _________.  我一直在寻求一种有效的教学法 ③I've worked out a new _________ of doing it.  我想出了做这事的一个新方法 ④He took a very scientific _________ to management.  他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法 【答案】 ①means  ②method ③ way ④approach 7. award reward n. 报酬；报答；酬谢 vt. 奖励；奖赏 原文：It has won many awards,…. 它赢得了很多奖项。(教材P5) ◆n. 奖；奖品；奖金 vt. 授予；给予 (1)award sb sth for 因为… 奖励某人某物 be awarded sth for… 因为某事而被授予某物 award sb sth= award sth to sb 奖励/ 授予/判给某人某物 (2) win/ get a award 获得奖项 an award presentation/ceremony 颁奖；颁奖仪式 the Housing Design Award 住宅设计奖 ①I have been awarded for my outstanding performances in the past few years.  在过去的几年中，因为我的出色表现，我多次受到奖励。 ②The judges awarded equal points to both finalists.  裁判判定决赛双方得分相等。 ③She has won the award for the third year in succession.  这是她连续第三年获得此奖 【易混辨析】award, reward, prize (1) award 用作可数名词时，指“奖品，奖金，奖赏”，侧重按法律与规定而给予的荣誉。 (2) reward 可用作名词或动词，它的意思特指“报答，报偿，酬谢，奖赏”，重点在于对好行为或者功绩的报答、酬谢。 (3) prize 也意为“奖品，奖金”，但它主要用于表示“获得几等奖”或“获奖金额”，特指在竞争、竞赛中获得的奖 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①"Poison" took first ___________ at the 1991 Sundance Film Festival.  《毒药》在1991年的圣丹斯电影节上赢得一等奖。 ②This new invention won the highest ____________.  这项新发明获得最高奖。 ③A ￡100 ___________ has been offered for the return of the necklace.  已悬赏100英镑找寻项链 【答案】 ①prize ②award ③ reward 8. perform performance n.性能；表演；执行；表现 performer n.演出者；执行者；演奏者 原文：… have actors perform on location…. … 让演员在外景表演。(教材P5) ◆vi. 表演；工作；运转 vt. 表演；做，履行 (1) perform one’s duty/ promise 履行职能/ 诺言 perform an experience/ operation 做手术/ 实验 perform well/badly/poorly  表现/运转的好/不好 (2) give/ put on a performance 演出；表演 outstanding performance 出色表现；杰出的表现 academic performance 学习成绩；学业表现 ①To make members of a team perform better, the trainer, first of all, has to know theirstrength and weakness.  为了使队员们表现得更好，教练首先得了解他们的优点和缺点 ②She gave the greatest performance of her career.  她做了演艺生涯中最精彩的表演。 ③A performer plays classical selections on the violin.  一位表演者用小提琴演奏古典音乐选段。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①She _____________________ our organization.  她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。 ②The company _____________________ over the past year.  这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。 ③It was ______________________ by the French team.  那是法国队一次令人叹服的表现 【答案】①performs an important role in ②has been performing poorly ③an impressive performance 重点句型 1. whatever引导让步状语从句 原文： Whatever you answer is, there is always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. 无论你的答案是什么，事情总比你认为的要复杂的多。(教材P2) 【句式分析】 本句是whatever引导的让步状语从句，特殊疑问词（whenever, wherever, however，whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever） + ever引导让步状语从句相当于 no matter + 特殊疑问词（when, where, how, who, whom, what, which）。 特殊疑问词+ ever 既可以引导名词性从句，也能引导让步状语从句； no matter +特殊疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。 ①Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 任何人违反法律都要被惩罚。 ②whoever/ no matter who breaks the law, he will be published. 任何人违反法律都要被惩罚。 ③Anyone who breaks the law will be published. 任何人违反法律都要被惩罚。 【跟踪典例】翻译句子 无论他做出什么决定我都会支持的。 ① _________________________________________ ② _________________________________________ ③ _________________________________________ 【答案】①I would support whatever decision he made. ②No matter what decision he made, I would support it. ③I would support all the decisions that he made. 2. 现在分词做后置定语 原文： Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of green scene in the studio. 一般来说，需要使用CGI的场景会在工作室的绿幕前拍摄。(教材P3) 【句式分析】 本句中“requiring CGI” 做scenes的后置定语，意为“需要CGI的场景”。 定语是指起修饰限定作用的句子成分，多翻译为“... 的”， 后置定语，顾名思义，放在被修饰词后的定语。现在分词（doing）作定语， 多表主动和进行的含义。有别于过去分词(done)，表被动含义。 ①A room facing the sea 一个面朝大海的房间 （房间面向大海，主动） ②A girl standing at the gate 一个正站在门边的女孩 （女孩站在门口，主动） ③A girl called lily 一个被叫做lily的女孩 (女孩被叫做lily，被动) ④A machine invented by the scientists 一个被科学家发明的机器 (机器被发明，被动) 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①The book _________ (write) by him sells well.. 它写的书很畅销。 ②The man __________ (talk) to my mom is my English teacher. 正在和我妈妈谈话的人是我的英语老师。 【答案】 ①written ②talking 3.The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. with复合结构 本句中with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen 为with 复合结构，在句中作状语。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。常用结构如下： with＋宾语＋ [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①With spring (approach)，everything comes to life again. ②With all his homework (finish)，he went out to play football. ③ ，he must work day in and day out. 有这么多工作要做，他必须夜以继日地工作。 ④ ，we found the historian’s home easily. 因为有人带路，我们很轻松地找到了那位历史学家的家。 【答案】1.approaching2.finished3.With so much work to do4.With a man leading the way 1.2 Grammar：主谓一致 主谓一致的定义个三大原则 主谓一致是句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致，一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 （一）语法一致原则 主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。 （1）动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ①Smoking is a bad habit. 吸烟是一个坏习惯。 ②To have known you is a privilege. 认识了你真是荣幸。 ③what you can see here is that you get this interesting pattern. 现在你们可以看到这个有趣的图形。 ④Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.　 所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。 （2）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 ①Coursework, as well as exam results, is taken into account. 除考试结果外，课程作业也要计入成绩。 ②I think Tom, rather than you is to blame for the accident. 我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故负责任。 ③The teacher, along with his students, was present at the meeting yesterday. 这个老师和他的学生都参加了昨天会议 （3）and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 ①Mike and Sue are always rowing. 迈克和休总是吵架 ②Both Beijing and Shanghai are big cities. 北京和上海都是大都会。 注意：如果and连接两个单数可数名词或不可数名词，表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。 ①The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。 ②A knife and fork is easy for English people. 一副刀叉对于英国人来说是容易的。 （4）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 ①This is one of the novels that have ever been written by Mo Yan.　 这是莫言所写的小说之一。 ②She is the only one of the girls who sings well in class. 她是班里女生中唯一一个歌唱得很好的。 ③I, who am your friend, will help you. 我是你的朋友，我将会帮助你 （5）“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 ①Many a good man has been destroyed by drink. 许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。 ②Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.　 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （二）意义一致原则 意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。 （1）集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成整体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。 ①Almost every family in the country owns a television. 这个国家几乎家家都有一台电视机。 ②My family are sports fans. 我们一家人是体育迷。 注意：形式为单数但意义为复数概念的police, people等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ①The police are searching for the murderer in the mountain.　 警察正在山里搜寻杀人犯。 ②The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever. 中国人民更深感自由与和平的珍贵。 （2）“分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。 ①About one third of the books are worth reading. 这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。 ②Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water.　 总共有超过70%的地球表面被水覆盖。 （3）“the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ①The rich are not necessarily happy. 有钱人并不都是高兴的。 （4）a quantity of后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数；谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义。quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词均用复数形式。 ①A quantity of money is needed for the project. 这个项目需要大量的金钱。 ②A quantity of workers are needed for the project. 这个项目需要大量的工人。 ③With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 由于更多的森林被毁，每年有大量的沃土被冲走。 （5）“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 ①The number of people invited was one hundred, but a number of them were absent for different reasons. 收到邀请的总共有100人，但很多人因为各种原因缺席了。 （6）表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 ①Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. 对于一个男孩来说，3 000美元是一笔大数目。 ② Three years is a long time for me. 对我来说三年是一段漫长的时间 （三）就近一致原则 就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。 （1）由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also)．.., not...but...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 ①Not only I but also she is enjoying the film. 不仅我而且她都在津津乐道地看电影 ②Neither you nor I am good at English . 你不擅长英语，我也不擅长 （2）在there be句型中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 ①There are three books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。 ②There is a book, two pencils and some buttons on the table. 在桌子上，有一本书，两支铅笔和一些扣子。 练习 一、单句语法填空 1．There (be) one table and three chairs in the room. 2．Four weeks (be) often approximately regarded as one month. 3．Huge quantities of good earth (be) being washed away each year. 4．This new type of buses (be) popular among the young people. 5．Please treat all people equally，regardless their job and race. 6．More than one student (pass) the examination up to now. 7．It’s said that two thirds of the water around the world (be) polluted. 8．Smog and haze (be) a kind of air pollution.It makes people worry about their health. 二、单选题 1. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city______in favour of the proposal on health care reform． A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. If you look at all sides of the situation，youˈll find probably a solution that _______ everyone． A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited 3. The musician along with his band members_______ten performances in the last three months． A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 4. Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. A. is given B. are given C. was given D. were given 5. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,_______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise． A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 6. Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ______ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn 7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 8. Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains，______ some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept 9. Among the crises that face humans ______ the lack of natural resources. A. is B. are C. is there D. are there 10. At present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ______ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. A. is B. are C. will be D. was 11. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1997. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 12. —Is everyone here? —Not yet...Look，there______ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 13. The famous musician，as well as his students，______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited 14. The teacher together with the students ______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. A. are；were B. is；were C. are；was D. is；was 15. One­ third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ______ black people. A. is；are B. is；is C. are；are D. are；is 三、单句语法填空 1. Either you or I ________ (be) going to have to take him to the shop. 2. Fish and chips ________ (be) a famous British dish. 3. Skipping meals ________ (be) a bad way to lose weight. 4. "Life is like walking in the snow," Granny used to say, "because every step ________ (show)." 5. There is a grocery near the school. Both bread and butter ________ (sell) well in that grocery. 6. When fat and salt ________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 7. Neither I nor Amy __________(be) to attend the business conference if we are busy. 8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary (be) tired of having one examination after another. 9. So far, there _________ (be) some progress in saving endangered wildlife in China. 10. It is Mike, not you, that ________ responsible for this big mistake. 11. The teacher, as well as her students, ________ (invite) to attend the meeting. 12. The population of Jiangsu __________(grow) to more than twice what it was in 1949 and one-third of the population __________(be) farmers. 13. Present at the party ________ (be) a crowd of young people who called themselves pioneers of modern art. 14. A large percentage of the population in our country _____ (be) farmers. 15. Last year large amounts of money ____________ (spend) on building the bridge. 四、篇章语法填空 Thirty years 1. (be) not a long period in history，but every man and every woman 2. (change) a lot in the past thirty years.When it comes to the development of China，none of us 3. (doubt) that either the surroundings or the policy 4. (benefit) us a great deal.With thirty years’ development，China，along with its people，5. (stand) higher on the stage of the world.Although there 6. (exist) an environmental problem and other ones，like housing and crimes，the public 7. (have) a strong belief that tomorrow will be better.Whether we can realize our dream 8. (depend) on our own effort.To construct our country 9. (be) a great honour，so not only you but also I 10. (be) the one who should be devoted to making our country a splendid one. 【答案】1.is2.is3.are4.is5.of 6.has passed7. is/has been8.is Ⅰ. 单选题 1.【答案】D 【解析】句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，这个城市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的提议。分析句子结构可知，本题考查句子的真正主语所应该对应的系动词。该空是宾语从句的系动词，由last year （去年）可知句子是一般过去时，故A和B是错误的；从句中主语是80% of the middle-aged，表示 80%的中年人，是复数概念，所以谓语动词应该用were。故选D。 2.【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。根据句意可知这里表示客观事实，用一般现在时，that引导定语从句，从句的谓语和先行词a solution一致，谓语用三单。故选C。 3.【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个音乐家连同他的乐队成员在过去三个月中已经表演了十场。这句话的时间状语是in the last three months和现在完成时搭配，因此排除选项A和D。主语由along with连接，谓语和前面的the musician一致，要用单数。故选B。 4.【答案】C 【解析】句意：艾米和她的兄弟们上周回到村子时受到了热烈的欢迎。本句中时间状语为last week，而且give与句子主语Amy是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，排除AB两项。Amy，as well as her brothers是主语部分，其中，as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语在数上保持一致，前面的主语是Amy，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 5.【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在，骑自行车，以及慢跑和游泳，被认为是最全面的锻炼形式之一。分析句式可知，cycling，along with jogging and swimming是由along with连接的并列主语，谓语需根据along with前面的主语cycling来选，即cycling是主语，所以谓语用单数形式；另外考查动词短语，be regarded as"被认为是……"，故选B。 6.【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。该定语从句的先行词为the only one，of the women 表示范围，定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词the only one保持一致，此外，根据主句的时态可判断，此处应为一般现在时。 7.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：天津的传统民间艺术，例如剪纸，正在2010年上海世博会的文化展上展出。句中的主语traditional folk arts是复数，并且与exhibit有被动关系，故C项正确。 8.【答案】A 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：沃尔玛，美国最大的连锁超市之一，让它的一些分店从周一到周六，一天24小时营业。由句意可知，要用一般现在时态；Walmart作主语，谓语要用单数，根据句意可知，讲的是一般情况，应用一般现在时。故只有A项正确。 9.【答案】A 【解析】考查倒装句式。句意：自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。该句的主语是the lack of natural resources，句首的介词短语其实是句子的表语，主语的中心词是the lack，所以谓语动词用单数形式。 10.【答案】A 【解析】本题考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语at present可知，本题要用一般现在时。句子的主语(one of the arguments)是单数，故用单数谓语。答案为A项。 11.【答案】C 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词的时态。the number of...“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故B、D项错。题干中的since 1990“自1990年以来”，常与现在完成时态连用，故C项正确。 12.【答案】A 【解析】考查倒装语序。当表示方位的副词there，here，away，out，in，down，up等位于句首，谓语是不及物动词sit，lie，live，stand，run，come，go等，主语又是名词时，常用完全倒装的形式；主语如是人称代词时一般不倒装。由于该句主语the rest指代guests是复数，所以应选A项。 13.【答案】B 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在2012年台北花博会的开幕式上演奏。as well as 连接两个并列的名词作主语时，根据其前的名词来判断谓语动词的形式，且根据句意可知动作发生在过去，故选B项。 14.【答案】D 【解析】考查主谓一致。“名词＋together with＋名词”结构作句子主语时，谓语动词的单复数依第一个名词的单复数而定。所以答案应选D项。 15.【答案】A 【解析】考查主谓一致。“国家三分之一的领土”在概念上是单数，故系动词用单数；而“国家公民的大多数”是复数，故系动词用复数。 Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 1.【答案】am 【解析】考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处需用一个be动词，either...or...连接并列主语时，需采用就近原则，I对应的be动词是am，故填am。 2.【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处需用一个be动词。在本句中，设空处后的冠词a说明主语Fish and chips 为一个整体，表示一种食物，故谓语动词要用单数，故填is。 3.【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，句子的主语是Skipping meals，是动名词短语做主语，谓语要用单数，且说明的是一般的情况，要用一般现在时，所以，be动词要用is，故填is. 4.【答案】shows 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：奶奶过去常常说：“生活就像在雪中行走，因为每走一步都看得见。”此处是奶奶过去常常说的一句话，是直接引语，句子的内容是生活哲理，所以设空处谓语动词用一般现在时；设空处主语是单数，所以谓语动词用单数shows。故填shows。 5.【答案】sell 【解析】both...and...连接的两个名词（或成分）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。根据There is a grocery near the school.可知用一般现在时，sell作“卖得怎么样”时，用主动形式表示被动，故填sell。 6.【答案】are removed 【解析】句意：当除去食物中的脂肪和盐后，食物尝起来好像少了什么。由句子结构知道，从句缺少谓语动词；remove和fat and salt是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态；再由主句的谓语动词tastes可知，要用一般现在时态的被动，主语是fat and salt，故填are removed。 7.【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果我们忙的话，我和艾米都不去参加商务会议。neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，由neither...nor连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语动词常与临近的主语保持人称和数的一致，在本句中应与主语“Amy”保持一致；结合if we are busy可知，本句叙述的是现在的事实情况或状态，应使用一般现在时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 8.【答案】are 9.【答案】has been 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。由时间状语so far迄今为止，可知，句子描述过去开始的动作一直延续到现在，用现在完成时，there be句型中，be动词与后面最近的名词保持人称，时态的一致，progress是不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数，故填has been。 10.【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：应该为这个大错误负责的是迈克，而不是你。句子是强调句，强调Mike, not you，主语是Mike，第三人称单数，由is可知用一般现在时，故填is。 11.【答案】was invited 【解析】句意：老师和她的学生一样，被邀请去参加会议。as well as引导主语时，谓语动词用就前一致原则，即the teacher是主语，谓语动词用单数；根据句意，可知本句时态为一般过去时，主语the teacher与invite的被动关系，所以本空填一般过去时的被动语态。故填was invited。 12.【答案】has grown; are 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：江苏省的人口增长到1949年的两倍多，三分之一的人口是农民。根据语境可知，第一空用现在完成时态，构成为have/has+done，主语The population“人口数量”表示单数概念，因此助动词用has，第一空应为has grown；“分数+of+population”表示人口的一部分，谓语动词应用复数形式，且句子叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态，因此be动词要用are。故填has grown；are。 13.【答案】were 【解析】考查倒装句的主谓一致问题。句意：出席晚会的是一群自称为现代艺术先驱的年轻人。本句为倒装句，其陈述句语序为：A crowd of young people who called themselves pioneers of modern art ________ (be) present at the party。根据called可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语是a crowd of young people，故填were。 14.【答案】are 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。“a large (small) percentage of＋名词结构”用作主语时，其谓语的数原则上与该结构中名词的数保持一致，由空后 farmers可知，此处population指的是我们国家大部分的人，所以空处be动词需用复数，因为陈述一个事实，所以be动词需用are。故填are。 15.【答案】were spent 【解析】考查主谓一致、时态及语态。句意：去年花了大量的钱建造这座桥。spend动词，花费，其过去分词是“spent”，与句中“money”是动宾关系，用被动语态，由“be动词+动词过去分词”构成。由句中时间状语“last year”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，并且“large amounts of+不可数名词” 作主语，谓语动词用复数，所以 be动词用“were”。故填were spent。 【答案】1.is2.has changed3.doubt(s)4.has benefited5.is standing6.exists7.have8.depends9.is10.am 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. Sometimes reality and f_________ are hard to distinguish. 2. When she saw him, she let out a cry of h_________. 3. R_________ is one thing, marriage is quite another.  4. Our aim is to allow student teachers to become f_________ with the classroom. 5. He slit open the e_________ and took out the letter. 6. I have a very good _________ memory.（过目不忘） 7. This will e_________ the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows 8. The new-media industry attracts young and c_________ people 9. We need to take a different a_________ to the problem. 10. In view of the present situation, we'll have to _________(改变) our original plan. 11. We tried to _________(确保) that everyone got a fair deal. 12. I missed the beginning of the _________(讲座)—can you give me the gist of what he said? 13. He firmly believes liberty is inseparable from social _________(公正). 14. He received the _________(奖金) in recognition of his success over the past year. 15. The debate was televised in front of a live _________(观众) . 16. Thousands of people paid good money to watch the band _________(表演). 17. The importance of the town is due to its geographical _________(位置). Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. I had a ____________(horror) experience yesterday morning. 2. Jack and Marilyn were familiar ____________ each other. 3. We should attach importance ____________ children's mental health. 4. There is a ____________(frequently) bus service into the centre of town. 5. I prefer to do housework rather than ____________(sit) there doing nothing.  6. I changed my approach to ____________(learn) and am doing better. 7. With winter ____________(coming)  on, it's time to buy warm clothes. 8. The young man ____________(dress) in blue is our manager.  Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. fantasy 2. horror 3. Romance 4. familiar 5. envelope 6. visual 7. enable 8. creative 9. approach 10. revise 11. ensure 12. lecture 13. justice 14. award 15. audience 16. perform 17. location Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. horrible 2. with 3. to 4. frequent 5. sit 6. learning 7. coming 8. dressed 阅读理解 A For several months，Cara has been working up the courage to approach her mom about what she saw on Instagram.Not long ago，the 11­year­old girl，like all the other kids in this story，discovered that her mom had been posting her photos for much of her life.“I’ve wanted to bring it up.It’s strange to see myself up there，and sometimes there are pictures I don’t like of myself，”she said. Like most other modern kids，Cara grew up immersed in social media.While many kids may not yet have accounts themselves，their parents，schools，sports teams，and organizations have been organizing an online presence for them since birth.The shock of realizing that details about your life have been shared online without your permission or knowledge has become an important experience in the lives of many teenagers.Recently a parenting blogger(博主) wrote in a Washington Post essay that despite(不顾) her 14­year­old daughter’s horror at discovering that her mother had shared years of highly personal stories and information about her online，she simply could not stop posting on her blog and social media.The writer said that promising her daughter that she would stop posting her publicly on the Internet would mean shutting down a vital part of herself，which isn’t necessarily good for herself or her daughter. But it’s not just crazy mommy bloggers who construct a child’s online identity；plenty of average parents do the same.There’s even a special word for it: sharenting.Almost a quarter of children begin their digital lives when parents upload their photos to the Internet，according to a study conducted by the Internet­security firm AVG.The study also found that 92 percent of kids under the age of 2 already have their own unique digital identity. 21．How does Cara feel about her mom’s behavior? A．It’s aggressive. B．It’s appropriate. C．It’s annoying. D．It’s favorable. 22．Who are fond of sharenting? A．A quarter of students. B．Most ordinary parents. C．Kids under the age of 2. D．Some crazy bloggers. 23．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Children’s New Trouble B．Social Media C．Kids’ Online Performance D．Mommy Bloggers 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了青少年在自己毫不知情的情况下，个人信息和照片就被父母发布在了网上，这是孩子们的新烦恼。 21．C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“‘I’ve wanted to bring it up.It’s strange to see myself up there，and sometimes there are pictures I don’t like of myself，’she said.”可推断出，卡拉对她母亲的行为很生气，故选C。 22．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、二句可知，大多数普通的父母都喜欢分享，故选B。 23．A　标题归纳题。第二段第三句“The shock of realizing that details about your life have been shared online without your permission or knowledge has become an important experience in the lives of many teenagers.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了青少年在自己毫不知情的情况下，个人信息和照片就被父母发布在了网上，这是孩子们的新烦恼，A项作标题最佳。 B When Roy Austin went on his first wildlife trip back in 2018,his only goal for the leisurely vacation was to catch sight of some African wildlife in its natural habitat—but he ended up finding something much more meaningful.He was most captivated(迷住)by the people he met in rural Kenya—particularly at the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School in Amboseli National Park. In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers,Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children.“In rural Kenya,the government does not build school buildings.You either build it yourself or raise money to have it built,” says Austin.“A teacher was asked if they had a library.She replied,‘No,but we would love to have a library.’ That stuck in my mind.” When Austin eventually returned to his home in Bluffton,South Carolina,he launched Libraries for Kids International.Since starting the charity,Austin has managed to ship more than 1,000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.He sends the books through the post office rather than FedEx to keep the shipping costs down. As it continues to collect books and donations for additional shipments,Austin says that the charity is now helping to move a shipping container of 22,000 books from Atlanta to Kenya.In the future,the philanthropist(慈善家)hopes to start sending donations to South America as well. “Many people told me that it can’t be done.It’s too expensive to ship books,and they will disappear going through customs,” Austin says.“However,every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers.If you focus on the problems,you will never start.On the contrary,if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise,most anything is possible.” 24.What problem does Austin find in rural Kenya? A.Education depends on charity. B.Students lack education resources. C.Books get lost going through customs. D.Families can’t afford the kids’ schooling. 25.What does Austin do for the people in rural Kenya? A.He teaches at school. B.He funds a library for them. C.He reduces the shipping costs. D.He ships books to schools. 26.What can we learn from Austin’s story? A.It is the first step that costs. B.Success belongs to the persevering. C.Every bit of effort makes a big difference. D.Nothing is difficult to a determined mind. 27.Which of the following best describes Austin? A.A crazy adventurer. B.A devoted educator. C.A charity enthusiast. D.A passionate volunteer. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Austin向非洲肯尼亚等地捐赠图书做慈善的故事。 24.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers,Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children.”可知,孩子们缺少图书、学习用品等教学资源。故选B项。 25.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Since starting the charity,Austin has managed to ship more than 1,000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.”可知,Austin向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的学校运送了书籍。故选D项。 26.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘However,every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers.If you focus on the problems,you will never start.On the contrary,if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise,most anything is possible.’”可知,如果你专注于目标并在问题出现时解决,那么任何事情都是可能的。由此可推断,有志者事竟成。故选D项。 27.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In the future,the philanthropist hopes to start sending donations to South America as well.”及全文可知,Austin不仅向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚捐赠书籍,未来也希望可以向南美洲捐赠。由此可推断,Austin是一位热爱慈善的人。故选C项。 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Travel is one of the activities people carry out most often during their spare time. Although travel may cost a lot of money, most people like to travel. Maybe, for them, to broaden their horizons and to be happy and healthy, are more important than money. 36.______ The following tips on travel may help you if you plan to travel later on. 37．______ If you want to enjoy a wonderful trip, you should think carefully about where to go. Before making a decision, you should seek others' advice and try to know more about the place that you are going to, including how to get there, the cost, the sights you plan to visit, and so on. You should consider travel insurance. 38.______ Once such injury or accident happens to you, you may not have to suffer both physically and financially as long as you have travel insurance. 39．______ Here's an example: Nine friends ate at a restaurant when on a school trip overseas, eight had diarrhea(腹泻)the next day. The one who didn't get sick was the only one who had ordered a dish that didn't need to be touched by human hands right before serving. Mind your basic safety. It's easy to let your guard down when you travel. After all, you're more relaxed and there are so many new sights to focus on. 40.______ So, watch out for your personal safety at all times. A．Know more about the place you plan to visit. B．However, nothing is more important than your life. C．Make sure to take things that you need during the travel. D．You may easily get into trouble if you don't obey the rules. E．Travel can be a wonderful experience and a sweet memory. F．Be careful about what to eat when you are far away from home. G．Especially if you plan to take part in adventure activities, you may get injured. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。旅游是人们业余时间最常进行的活动，虽然旅游可能会花很多钱，但可以开拓人的眼界，使人开心健康。本文作者就外出旅游给出了一些建议。 36．E　承上启下题。上一句提到旅游的好处：可以开拓人的眼界，并使人开心健康。E项“旅游可以是一次美妙的经历和甜美的回忆”也是一个好处，与上ｰ句意思连贯。故选E。 37．A　主题大意题。本段及下面三段的结构都是“主题句＋解释说明内容”。本段缺少主题句。通读本段内容可知，本段主要表达的是如果想享受一次美好的旅游，需提前想好要去的地方并多了解一些这个地方的相关情况。A项很好地概括了这段内容。故选A。 38．G　承上启下题。根据下ｰ句的 such injury可知，空格中的内容要提到受伤。G项中的 get injured和与之相呼应。故选G。 39．F　主题大意题。根据本段所举的例子可知，本段主要表达的是旅行时的饮食问题。F项“当你离家很远时要注意饮食”很好地概括了本段主题。故选F。 40．B　承上启下题。根据下一句开头的So可知，空格中的内容是下ｰ句内容的原因，B项“但是没有什么比你的生命更重要”就是原因。故选B。 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） Do you know that woman who looks disappointed behind you 61_______ a line in the supermarket? Or your elderly neighbors you only see when they're collecting their mails? Take a minute to say hello to them, or just smile!     We're all busy, but it's 62_______ (equal) rewarding for you to make someone else feel special by starting up a small talk. This is something I 63_______ (work) on over the last few years. I'm easily affected by seeing others who seem lonely and worry about people who may not feel as 64_______—(love) as they should be. It doesn't mean I try to become best friends with these people, but I strongly believe that a small gesture is worth twice 65______ (it) weight in gold. You never know 66_______ someone else is going through and how much 67_______ (different) you might really make to them.     With some small talk, we can get to hear some wonderful 68_______ (story) and experiences others share. It makes you feel good. Besides, you might end up 69_______ (make) some pretty great friends in unexpected places and it only costs 70_______ minute or two of your time. 【答案】 in ; equally ; have been working ; loved ; its; what ; difference; stories ; making; a/one 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历明白一个道理:要与周围的人聊天,它让我们彼此亲近。 61.考查介词。 in a line意为“在一个队列里”是固定短语。 62.考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词rewarding。 63.考查时态。根据时间状语"over the last few years"及该动作还在继续可知,此处需用现在完成进行时,表示作者在近几年里一直在做的事。 64.考查被动语态。根据语境“感受到被爱”可知,此处应用被动语态。 65.考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词weight。 66.考查宾语从句。该空是宾语从句的引导词,且在宾语从句中充当宾语。该句主要说你永远不知道别人正在经历什么,故填what。 67.考查名词。空前的how much提示这里填名词,故填difference,在这里是不可数名词。 68.考查名词复数根据空前的some可知该空需填可数名词story的复数形式。 69.考查非谓语动词。end up doing sh.是固定用法,意为“最终做某事”。 70.考查冠词/数词。由空后的or wo可知,这里表示一或两分钟,故填a/one。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$