Unit 3 Festivals and customs（1）-《同步教学培优》2025-2026学年高一英语知识提炼+能力训练 （译林版必修第二册）

Unit 3 Festivals and customs上 3.1 Welcome to the unit &Reading 重点词汇 1. __________ n. 婚礼；结婚庆典 2. __________ vt. & vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷；油漆; 授勋给__________ n. 装饰，装潢；装饰品；奖章 _________n. 装饰者；室内装潢师 3. __________ adj.适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的 __________adj. 非正式的；不拘礼节的；随便的；通俗的；日常使用的 4. __________ n. 传统；传统的信仰(或风俗) __________adj. 传统的；惯例的 __________adv. 传统上；习惯上 5. __________ n. 风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾 __________ n. 顾客__________ n. 海关 6. __________ n. 印象；感想；影响；效果 __________ v. 给人印象 __________ adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的 7. __________ n. 进入，出场；入口；进入权；准许进入 8. __________ adj. 普通的，平常的，平庸的 __________adv. 通常地；一般地 9. __________adj. 浪漫的；爱情的 __________adv. 浪漫地；不切实际地__________n. 传奇；浪漫史；风流韵事；冒险故事__________n. 浪漫主义；浪漫精神 10. __________ n. 特殊场合，盛会；时刻，时机 __________adj. 偶然的，临时的 ____________ adv. 偶尔；间或 11. __________ adj. 愉快的，高兴的 12. __________ n. 乐队，团队；一伙，一帮；带，箍 13. __________ n. 戏装，装扮用服装 14. __________ vt./vi./n. 拍手；鼓掌 15. __________ vi. 齐步走；前进；游行示威 n. 游行示威；行进 16. __________ n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮adj. 当前的；通用的 __________adv. 当前；一般地 __________n. 货币；通货 17. __________ adj. 每年的，年度的；一年的 __________adv. 每年；一年一次 18. __________ n. 发动机，引擎 19. __________ n. 交通工具，车辆；手段，工具 重点词组 1. ______________________ 发生；举行 2. ______________________ 打扮，装饰；穿上盛装 3. ______________________ 给某人留下深刻印象 4. ______________________ 提醒某人某事 5. ______________________ 根本不，绝不 6. ______________________ 许下承诺 7. ______________________ 难怪 8. ______________________ 可感觉到，在传播中 9. ______________________ 被卷入；陷入 重点句型 1. be about to do 表示将要发生的动作 2. 现在分词作伴随状语 知识点梳理 1. decorate decoration n. 装饰，装潢；装饰品；奖章 decorator n. 装饰者；室内装潢师 原文：The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room. 婚礼在一间装饰华美的酒店包房内举行。(教材P30) ◆ vt. & vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷；油漆; 授勋给 (1) decorate sth with sth 用… 装饰… decorate sb (for sth) 授给（某人）勋章（或奖章） (2) Christmas decorations 圣诞节装饰品 a table decoration 餐桌装饰物 ①They decorated the room with flowers and balloons. 他们用花和气球装饰了房间。 ②The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles. 房子的内部装饰是中式和西式风格相结合的。 [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①The students usually decorate their classroom with paper flowers and balloons.But this year they intend to buy some special (decorate)． ②The room (decorate) in fancy style. ③Our classroom some beautiful and eye-catching flowers. 我们的教室被一些美丽且引人注目的花儿装饰着。 2. tradition traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的 traditionally adv. 传统上；习惯上 原文：According to tradition, the bridge was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari. 遵照传统，新娘身穿一袭分外夺目的红丝绸莎丽。(教材P30) ◆ n. 传统；传统的信仰(或风俗) (1) religious/cultural, etc. traditions 宗教、文化等传统 by tradition 按照传统 in the tradition of 按照…的传统 (2) traditional Chinese 繁体中文 traditional culture/ medicine / dress/ method 传统文化/ 医学（医药）/ 服装/ 方法 ①The company has a long tradition of fine design. 这家公司的优秀设计历史悠久。 ②It's traditional in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day. 感恩节时吃火鸡是美国的传统。 ③Housework has traditionally been regarded as women's work.  家务劳动历来被认为是妇女的事。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①___________________, it is the bridegroom's parents who pay for the wedding. 按照传统，由新郎的父母支付婚礼费用。 ②Pumpkin pie is ________________________ served on Thanksgiving. 南瓜馅饼是美国传统的感恩节食物。 ③Married women have ________________________ dependent on their husbands.  已婚妇女传统上被认为是依附于其丈夫的。 3. impression impress v. 给人印象 impressive adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的原文：原文：I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impressions on me . 不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。 (教材P30) ◆n. 印象；感想；影响；效果 (1) a general/an overall impression 总的/整体印象  a good/bad impression of sb/sth 对某人/某事物的印象好/不好 an initial/a lasting impression 初次/持久的印象 make a impression on 对… 产生影响 do impressions on sb 模仿某人 (2) impress (sb with sth) 使钦佩；使敬仰；给…留下深刻的好印象 impress sth on/ upon sb 使某人意识到(严重性或重要性等) (3) an impressive building with a huge tower 有高塔的壮观建筑  an impressive performance 令人难忘的演出 one of the most impressive novels of recent years 近年来给人印象最深的小说之一 ①I did not get the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.  我并不觉得他们不满于当时的状况。 ②We interviewed a number of candidates but none of them impressed us. 我们和数名申请人进行了面谈，但都没有给我们留下什么印象。 ③He impressed her with his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她。 ④She was a very strong, impressive character and one of the most inspiring people I've ever met. 她性格坚强，令人钦佩，是我见过的最能鼓舞人心的人物之一。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①His speech made a strong (impress) on the audience. ②On arriving at the tea house，the foreign students (impress) by the unique tea pots and tea cups. ③The romantic film’s special effects are particularly (impress)． ④这个女孩的表演给我留下了深刻的印象。 →I the girl’s performance.(impress) →The girl’s performance .(impression) 4. entrance 原文：One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white house. 。一个是新郎入场时竟骑着一匹俊美的白马。(教材P30) ◆n. 进入，出场；入口；进入权；准许进入 (1) the entrance to/ of … 的入口 make one’s entrance 进入，入场，出场 entrance into 卷入；涉及 front/back/side entrance of the house 房子的前门/ 后门/ 侧门 an entrance fee 入场费 college entrance examination 高考；大学入学考试 (2) enter into 进入；开始从事；参加；成为…的一部分 enter for 报名参加 ①His sudden entrance took everyone by surprise. 他的突然出场使所有人都感到意外 ②I called her from a public phone booth near the entrance to the bar.  我在酒吧入口附近的一个公用电话亭给她打了电话。 ③How many students have been entered for the exam?  有多少学生报名参加考试？ 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①She _______________________ after all the other guests had arrived.  她在其他所有客人都到达后才入场。 ②To gain admission into universities, applicants must ____________________________given once a year. 要进入大学学习，必须申请参加每年一次的国家入学资格考试。 ③ ________________________ and you could walk away with $10,000.  参加我们的竞赛，你就可以轻松赢得$10000 5. anything but 原文：The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. 接下来的风俗也都不同寻常。 (教材P30) ◆绝不；根本不 of anything 或者其他别的事，或其他什么的 for anything 无论如何（用于否定句中） if anything 如果有什么区别的话 anything of （用于疑问或条件句）多多少少；一点…的味儿；很少 anything goes 怎么都行；任何事情都可能发生 good for anything 胜任各项工作；对一切都适用对一切都适用；能做各种工作 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①You never think of ______________________ your own selfishness.  除了想着自己的自私自利以外，你什么也不想。 ②I wouldn't want to move ______________________ in the world.  说什么我也不会搬走。 ③But then again, this is the Internet, so ______________________.  还有，这就是因特网，任何事都有可能发生。 6. ordinary ordinarily adv. 通常地；一般地 原文：The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. 接下来的风俗也都不同寻常。 (教材P30) ◆adj. 普通的，平常的，平庸的 an ordinary sort of day 平平常常的一天 in the ordinary course of events 在一般情况下 ordinary people like you and me 像你我这等普通人 This was no ordinary meeting. 这次会议非同小可。 ①The single most important factor that separates ordinary photographs from good photographs is the lighting.  区分一般照片和好照片的惟一重要因素是光线效果。 ②An ordinary life policy may have a cash surrender value of $50,000.  一份普通的人寿保险单的退保金额可能有$50000。 ③The boy's knowledge was out of the ordinary.   这个男孩的知识面非同寻常。 【易混辨析】common, usual, normal, ordinary, regular (1)common：共同的，普及的，普遍的。 例句：Don not tell me about that! It is common sence. 不要对我讲那个!那是常识。 (2)usual：通常的，往常的。 例句：I found her on the seashore, dreaming away as usual. 我在海滨找到了她，像往常一样她又在那儿发呆。 (3)normal：正常的，正规的，符合标准的。 例句：Her temperature soon returned to normal. 她的体温很快恢复正常。 (4)ordinary：普通的，一般的，指在一个群体中看不出区别的。 例句：These are just two ordinary houses. 这是两所普通的房子。 (5)regular：定期的，有规律的。 例句：He decided to call off his regular press conference. 他决定取消他的定期记者招待会 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Electronic computers are now in ______________ use all over the world. ②It's ______________ to feel tired after such a long trip. ②After lunch there was a little more clearing up to do than ______________. 7.occasion occasional adj. 偶然的，临时的 occasionally adv. 偶尔；间或 原文：No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion. 难怪里约人民要休一个礼拜的假来共襄盛举。(教材P31) ◆n. 特殊场合，盛会；时刻，时机 a great/memorable/happy occasion 伟大的/难忘的/欢乐的庆典 on this/that occasion 这/那次 on the occasion 在那时；值此…之际 on the occasion of 值此…之际 rise to the occasion 应付自如 (1)on this/that occasion这/那次 on no occasion决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) (2)on occasion(s)偶尔，偶然，有时 (3)occasional adj.偶然的 (4)occasionally adv.偶然；偶尔；有时候 注意：当定语从句的先行词为occasion时，定语从句的引导词要根据occasion的具体含义来确定。如果表示时间，意为“时刻；机会”，用关系副词when；如果表示地点，意为“场合”，用关系副词where。 ①It should have been an occasion for rejoicing, but she could not feel any real joy. 原本应该是高兴的时刻，她却丝毫未感到快乐。 ②He was presented with the watch on the occasion of his retirement.  他在退休时获赠这块手表。 ③He spent five years in Paris, with occasional visits to Italy. 他在巴黎度过了五年，偶尔去意大利看看。 ④Birds were chattering somewhere, and occasionally he could hear a vehicle pass by. 鸟儿们在某处啁啾，偶尔他能听到一辆汽车经过。 [单句语法填空/句型转换] ①I can remember very few occasions he had to ask for leave because of ill health. ②There is no doubt that a funeral is an occasion you must take things seriously. ③This is my (occasion) visit to the theme park，in which I meet the cartoon characters I like most. ④We should on no occasion give up the plan. →On no occasion . 8.current 原文：The Carnival current carried us through the ever- growing sea of people... 狂欢节的人潮裹挟着我们在越来越浩瀚的人海中穿行…。(教材P31) ◆n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮adj. 当前的；通用的 (1) air currents 气流 electric current 电流 a current of anti-government 反政府思潮 (2) current prices 时价 current situation  现状，目前形势；现况 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①He swam to the shore against __________________. 他逆着急流游向岸边。 ②What is __________________ of play in the peace talks? 和平谈判目前进展得怎么样？ 句型 1. be about to do 表示将要发生的动作 原文： … the show was bout to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. . 我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置，表演就要开始了。 (教材P31) 【句式分析】 本句中 “was bout to begin ”，在句中表示将来发生的动作。 be about to do sth（… when）/ be on the point of doing (… when)表示即将，马上要做的事 be to do sth 表示按照计划，安排，决定，命令等要做的事或注定要做的事 be going to do sth 表示说话者主观打算做某事或者客观迹象表明即将发生的事 ①An agreement was about to be reached when the other side raised new issues.  快要达成协议的时候，对方又节外生枝。 ②Here is a message for you: you are to the office after class. 这里有一份给你的留言：你下课后去办公室。 ③I am going to water my flowers.  我打算浇浇我自己的花。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①No one is ______________ the room without permission. 未经允许，任何人不得离开这个房间。 ②I _________________ shopping when he rings me.  我马上就要出门的时候她来电话了。 ③I _______________ to Clara and she'll surely send me a whole lot more.  我要给克拉拉写信，她一定会寄给我更多的。 2. 现在分词作伴随状语 原文：The Carnival current carried us through the ever- growing sea of people, dancing all the way狂欢节的人潮裹挟着我们在越来越浩瀚的人海中穿行，走一路跳一路。(教材P31) 【句式分析】 本句中“dancing all the way”在句中作状语，伴随状语是指状语的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。“dancing”为现在分词，和其逻辑主语“the Carnival current”是主动关系，即狂欢节的人潮走一路，跳一路。过去分词(即done) 则表示被动关系。 ①All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem. 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。 ②The PE teacher stood in the middle of the playground, surrounded by a group of students. 那位体育老师站在操场中间，被一群学生围着。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①The dog entered the room, ___________(follow) his master 这条狗跟着主人进了屋。 ②The master entered the room, ___________(follow) by his dog 主人进了屋，后面跟着他的狗。 3.2 Grammar：过去将来时 1．过去将来时的用法 (1)表示从过去某时开始将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中。 ①He said he would go to the north for the holiday. 他说他将去北方度假。 ②He was sixty­eight. In two years he would be seventy. 他68岁，再过两年就70岁了。 (2)常可表示过去习惯性的动作(不管什么人称，都用would)。 When I was young，I'd listen to the radio，waiting for my favorite songs. 当我年轻的时候，我常听收音机，等待我最喜欢的歌。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①He promised that he ____________ (open) the letter until 2 o'clock. ②When he was young, he ____________ (go) skating every winter. ③I decided that I ____________ (take) early retirement. 2．过去将来时的构成 (1)基本表达方式：would＋do Mother promised that she would take me to Beijing the next year. 妈妈许诺明年带我去北京。 (2)表示过去将来时的其他几种表达方式： ①was/were going to do，表示准备、计划做。 She said she was going to buy a new bike. 她说她打算买一辆新自行车。 ②was/were about to do，表示即将发生的动作，不和表示时间段的状语连用。 The bus was about to start. 公共汽车马上就要开了。 ③was/were to do，表示过去曾计划或安排要做。 The press conference was to be held next week. 记者招待会将于下周举行。 ④was/were doing仅限于某些表示位移的动词，如：come，go，arrive，leave等。表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 I didn't know when they were coming again. 我不知道他们什么时候再来。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①They _____________________ down, When Tum suddenly whispered."Sh! Keep still. Don't move!  他们正想再下去，这时托姆突然低声道：“嘘，安静，别动！” ②He said the sport meet _____________________． 他说运动会就要开始了。 ③He said he ______________________ tonight. 他说他今晚要走。 练习 I. 单项选择 1. The sky was then overcast with black clouds. There _______ be a storm. A. was to B. was going to C. was about to D. was due to 2. There port said that the film star ________ to Henan next Sunday.   A. would come B. will come C. came D. would came 3. The English teacher told us this morning that we ______ an exam at the end of this month. A. will have B. would have C. have had D. had had 4. Alfred Nobel hated war. He hoped that there ______ no war in the world. When he died, most of his money ______ in a fund.  A. would be ； was placed B. was； placed C. will be ； were placed D. would be ； placed 5. -Lucy has not turned up yet. -Why？ But she promised she ________ on time.  A. will come B. would come C. had come D. came 6. The report said that the film star ________ to Henan next Sunday.          A. would come B. will come C. came D. would came 7. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 8. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 9. It was predicted that a large number of celebrated people ________ at the well-known scientist’s funeral. A. turned up B. had turned up C. would turn up D. will have turned up 10. They made up their mind that they      a new house once Larry changed jobs. A. bought B. would buy C. have bought D. had bought 11. Hannah begged Annie not to tell anyone else, and she said she ____ her secret. A. had kept B. would keep C. kept D. keep 12. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 13. —Unbelievable! Steven made an announcement that he ______ in one month. —You are kidding. He has won widespread recognition. A. will resign B. has resigned C. would resign D. had resigned 14. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 15. When he ______ the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car. A. paid B. was to paid C. would be paying D. had paid II单句语法 1．When he was young，he ___________ (sit) in front of the TV set for hours every day. 2．I was sure that they ___________ (do) that again. 3．Whenever she had time，she ___________ (come)to see us. 4．He said that he ___________ (leave) at six the next day. 5．No body knew why he ___________ (go) to the big city. 6．He hoped his wife ___________ (come) soon. 7．He ___________ (leave) when someone knocked at the door of his office. 8．He said he ___________ (learn) French next week. 9．I noticed that it ___________ (rain) when I looked at the sky. 10．He said he ___________ (be) ninety years old in two years. going bankrupt. III语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。  The Tokyo 2020 Olympics,   (2)   sponsorship revenue (赞助收入) has exceeded $3.1 billion,   (1)   (reschedule) to be held from July 23 to August 8 in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic,   (3)   (shorten) the Olympic marketing period for the Beijing Winter Olympics—to be held in February 2022—by a year. Ren Hai, a professor at the Olympic Research Center, claimed on Tuesday, "There will of course be   (4)   impact, but I think the impact will be limited, as the Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics are different in terms of sports and disciplines," Ren said. "  (5)   (history), the two different Olympics were hosted very close together." Ren   (6)   (refer) to the period from 1924 to 1992,   (7)   both the Winter and Summer Olympics were held in the same year. He Wenyi, executive director of the China Institute for Sports Value, said the reason   (8)   the limited impact on Winter Olympics marketing is   (9)   China has relatively few winter sports stars. "The promotional events of Beijing 2022 are unlikely   (10)   (affect), as the COVID-19 is under control in China." He Wenyi added. 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. If we ever get m____________ we'll have one terrific wedding. 2. The exhibition hall is d_____________ with many traditional Chinese paintings. 3. Exceptionally, students may be accepted without  (正规的) qualifications. 4. There's a t____________ in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve. 5. My first i____________ of him was favorable.  6. At twenty to six I was waiting by the e___________ to the station. 7. Such luxuries are unavailable to ___________（普通的） people. 8. There's nothing like candlelight for creating a r___________ mood.  9. Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavor to the  (场合) . 10. Soldiers were m___________ up and down outside the government buildings.  11. A fairly strong ___________ (水流) seemed to be moving the whole boat. 12. What is the average ___________ (年度的) snowfall for this state? 13. The red traffic light indicates that every person and ___________ (车辆)  must stop.  Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. The exhibition hall is ___________ (decorate) with many traditional Chinese paintings. 2. He gave an ___________ (impression) speech to a receptive audience. 3. You never think of anything ___________ your own selfishness. 4. She had a habit of taking an ____________ (occasion) nip from a flask of cognac. 5. In fact manufacturing is also caught up ____________ a global whirlwind. 6. And do I do so weekly, monthly or ____________ (annual)? 7. I am about to stop ____________ I hear a gun shot.  8. The old man was sitting on the grass, ____________ (stare)at the sky. 阅读理解 A Better known by his stage name KUN, Cai Xukun is a phenomenon, opening up the music industry in China. Last year, after participating in the reality TV show Idol Producer, receiving the most votes from fans, the singer-songwriter rose to fame overnight. At just 21 years old, Cai has topped Chinese music charts with multiple singles. On July 26, KUN released his newest single Young. Within just 20 seconds, it reached a million sales. KUN wrote the song to share his understanding of youth. He mixed R&B and electronic beats (节拍) to make it more cheerful. A reviewer wrote on QQ Music, “When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.” The song was an early birthday present to himself which he celebrated on Aug 2. KUN also hopes that he always has the courage to pursue (追求) his love of music, no matter what people think. “My works are like my children and I have put my best effort into them.” he told the Global Times. Indeed, KUN has written and produced most of his songs on his own. “I want every piece of my work to have my own spirit in it,” he told music website Soundigest, “I feel more enjoyment when I'm performing my own work.” Although KUN loves performing onstage, when the lights go down, he prefers to fall back into his own world and darkness at night. “I always get inspired when it's quiet, late at night/' he told I-D magazine, “It's a great moment for me to create new things. Sometimes, I can write songs with a melody (旋律) I heard in a dream.” To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses. “I just like to do everything, all for my music, all for my art,” he told I-D. With such talent and dedication to music, it seems that KUN will continue to make his mark in the competitive Chinese music industry. 21. What do we know about KUN's newest single? A. It earns him a birthday present. B. It makes people feel happy and energetic. C. It shows how he pursues his dream. D. It combines jazz and electronic music. 22. What does KUN usually do to get inspiration for music? A. He goes to music shows. B. He talks to famous singers. C. He attends music classes. D. He finds melodies in his dreams. 23. Which would best describe KUN? A. Courageous and patient. B. Talented and humorous. C. Hardworking and creative. D. Optimistic and outgoing. B We often seek food after focused mental activity，like preparing for an exam.Researchers guess that too much thinking consumes a lot of energy from the brain.So the brain，sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going，apparently leads to bodily hunger，and even though there has been little physical movement，we eat. The researchers note that tiring activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐) circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel，researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel­rich blood during exercise could feed a worn­out brain and reduce the urge to overeat. Thirty­eight healthy college students were invited to determine their fitness and metabolic(新陈代谢) rates and to report what their favorite pizza was.Afterward，they sat quietly for 35 minutes before being given as much of their favorite pizza as they wanted.At a later date，the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes making selections from college and graduate­school entrance exams. Next，half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes，before being given pizza.The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill(跑步机) two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking，repeated five times.These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza，too.But by and large，they did not overeat. When the researchers factored in(将……作为因素考虑) the calories burnt on running，they determined that those students actually consumed 200 fewer total calories after their brain workouts than the resting students. The researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner.They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running，although the researchers say they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat，it should also increase blood sugar and lactate，feeding the brain and weakening hungers call. 24．What do we learn from the first paragraph? A．We eat for more physical movements. B．A busy brain can make one hungry. C．Energy from the brain can’t be used up. D．An exam results in caloric consumption most. 25．What can a physical movement do? A．Increase blood flow. B．Increase the amount of blood sugar. C．Urge one to eat more. D．Make the brain tired. 26．What does the underlined phrase “gorge on” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Eat. B．Purchase. C．Taste. D．Obtain. 27. Where’s the passage from? A. advertisement B. science magazine C. newspaper D. novel 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard ______56______(climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, ______57______ (exhaust) and hot, I couldn’t go any further. So we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question, _____58_____ left me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered _____59_____thinking about it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly _______60_______his dream was-----to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but _______61_______ tough life was, he never gave up. “There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently. That night I _______62_______ hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation?” I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant ______63______ (put) everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by _______64_______. It made me think: If we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and _______65_______ (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that. 七选五 For college applicants, the essay is the place to show their writing skills and let their unique voice shine through. They want their essay to make a good impression, but they have only several hundred words to make that happen. ____36____ Here’s what students need to know about writing a good college application essay. Getting Started on the College Essay A good time for students to begin working on their essays is the summer before senior year, when homework and after-school activities aren’t taking up time and mental energy. ____37____. This is particularly important for those applying for early decision or early action. Students can go online to review essay requirements for the colleges they want to apply to. For example, many students may start with the Common App, an application platform accepted by more than 1,000 schools. How to Pick a College Essay Topic The essay isn’t a complete autobiography (自传). It’s terrible to think of putting their whole life in one essay. ___38___. Students can also write about something that shows an aspect of their background. These are the types of essays that typically stand out. Writing the College Essay The key to a good college essay is keeping it simple. In other words, they should think small. ____39____. An expert says, “You don’t have to come up with a plan for world peace. Think small enough to identify details in your life that belong only to you.” Editing and Submitting (提交) the College Essay When reviewing the essay, students should make sure their writing is showing, not telling. This means students should show their readers examples that prove they have certain details. ____40____. On the Common App, for example, students copy their essay into a text box. A. This can feel like a lot of pressure. B. Don’t let anyone else change the style of the essay. C. They can ask friends or other family members for help. D. It means paying close attention to the little meaningful things in their life. E. Starting early will also give students plenty of time to work through the essay. F. Experts say students should narrow their focus and write about a unique experience. G. When an essay is ready to go, students will generally submit it online with the rest of their application. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Festivals and customs上 3.1 Welcome to the unit &Reading 重点词汇 1. __________ n. 婚礼；结婚庆典 2. __________ vt. & vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷；油漆; 授勋给__________ n. 装饰，装潢；装饰品；奖章 _________n. 装饰者；室内装潢师 3. __________ adj.适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的 __________adj. 非正式的；不拘礼节的；随便的；通俗的；日常使用的 4. __________ n. 传统；传统的信仰(或风俗) __________adj. 传统的；惯例的 __________adv. 传统上；习惯上 5. __________ n. 风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾 __________ n. 顾客__________ n. 海关 6. __________ n. 印象；感想；影响；效果 __________ v. 给人印象 __________ adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的 7. __________ n. 进入，出场；入口；进入权；准许进入 8. __________ adj. 普通的，平常的，平庸的 __________adv. 通常地；一般地 9. __________adj. 浪漫的；爱情的 __________adv. 浪漫地；不切实际地__________n. 传奇；浪漫史；风流韵事；冒险故事__________n. 浪漫主义；浪漫精神 10. __________ n. 特殊场合，盛会；时刻，时机 __________adj. 偶然的，临时的 ____________ adv. 偶尔；间或 11. __________ adj. 愉快的，高兴的 12. __________ n. 乐队，团队；一伙，一帮；带，箍 13. __________ n. 戏装，装扮用服装 14. __________ vt./vi./n. 拍手；鼓掌 15. __________ vi. 齐步走；前进；游行示威 n. 游行示威；行进 16. __________ n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮adj. 当前的；通用的 __________adv. 当前；一般地 __________n. 货币；通货 17. __________ adj. 每年的，年度的；一年的 __________adv. 每年；一年一次 18. __________ n. 发动机，引擎 19. __________ n. 交通工具，车辆；手段，工具 重点词组 1. ______________________ 发生；举行 2. ______________________ 打扮，装饰；穿上盛装 3. ______________________ 给某人留下深刻印象 4. ______________________ 提醒某人某事 5. ______________________ 根本不，绝不 6. ______________________ 许下承诺 7. ______________________ 难怪 8. ______________________ 可感觉到，在传播中 9. ______________________ 被卷入；陷入 重点句型 1. be about to do 表示将要发生的动作 2. 现在分词作伴随状语 【重点词汇】 1. wedding 2.decorate; decoration; decorator 3.formal; informal 4.tradition; traditional; traditionally 5.custom; customer; customs 6. impression; impress; impressive 7.entrance 8.ordinary; ordinarily 9. romantic; romance; romantically; romanticism 10.occasion; occasional; occasionally 11.merry 12.band 13. costume 14. clap 15. march 16. current; currently; currency 17. annual; annually 18. engine 19. vehicle 【重点词组】 1. Take place 2.dress up 3. make a deep impression on sb 4.rermind sb of sth 5.anything but 6. make a promise 7. no wonder 8. in the air 9. be caught up in 词汇 知识点梳理 1. decorate decoration n. 装饰，装潢；装饰品；奖章 decorator n. 装饰者；室内装潢师 原文：The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room. 婚礼在一间装饰华美的酒店包房内举行。(教材P30) ◆ vt. & vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷；油漆; 授勋给 (1) decorate sth with sth 用… 装饰… decorate sb (for sth) 授给（某人）勋章（或奖章） (2) Christmas decorations 圣诞节装饰品 a table decoration 餐桌装饰物 ①They decorated the room with flowers and balloons. 他们用花和气球装饰了房间。 ②The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles. 房子的内部装饰是中式和西式风格相结合的。 [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①The students usually decorate their classroom with paper flowers and balloons.But this year they intend to buy some special (decorate)． ②The room (decorate) in fancy style. ③Our classroom some beautiful and eye-catching flowers. 我们的教室被一些美丽且引人注目的花儿装饰着。 【答案】1.with，decorations 2.is decorated3.is decorated with 2. tradition traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的 traditionally adv. 传统上；习惯上 原文：According to tradition, the bridge was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari. 遵照传统，新娘身穿一袭分外夺目的红丝绸莎丽。(教材P30) ◆ n. 传统；传统的信仰(或风俗) (1) religious/cultural, etc. traditions 宗教、文化等传统 by tradition 按照传统 in the tradition of 按照…的传统 (2) traditional Chinese 繁体中文 traditional culture/ medicine / dress/ method 传统文化/ 医学（医药）/ 服装/ 方法 ①The company has a long tradition of fine design. 这家公司的优秀设计历史悠久。 ②It's traditional in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day. 感恩节时吃火鸡是美国的传统。 ③Housework has traditionally been regarded as women's work.  家务劳动历来被认为是妇女的事。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①___________________, it is the bridegroom's parents who pay for the wedding. 按照传统，由新郎的父母支付婚礼费用。 ②Pumpkin pie is ________________________ served on Thanksgiving. 南瓜馅饼是美国传统的感恩节食物。 ③Married women have ________________________ dependent on their husbands.  已婚妇女传统上被认为是依附于其丈夫的。 【答案】 ① By tradition ②a traditional American dish ③traditionally been treated as 3. impression impress v. 给人印象 impressive adj. 感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的原文：原文：I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impressions on me . 不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。 (教材P30) ◆n. 印象；感想；影响；效果 (1) a general/an overall impression 总的/整体印象  a good/bad impression of sb/sth 对某人/某事物的印象好/不好 an initial/a lasting impression 初次/持久的印象 make a impression on 对… 产生影响 do impressions on sb 模仿某人 (2) impress (sb with sth) 使钦佩；使敬仰；给…留下深刻的好印象 impress sth on/ upon sb 使某人意识到(严重性或重要性等) (3) an impressive building with a huge tower 有高塔的壮观建筑  an impressive performance 令人难忘的演出 one of the most impressive novels of recent years 近年来给人印象最深的小说之一 ①I did not get the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.  我并不觉得他们不满于当时的状况。 ②We interviewed a number of candidates but none of them impressed us. 我们和数名申请人进行了面谈，但都没有给我们留下什么印象。 ③He impressed her with his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她。 ④She was a very strong, impressive character and one of the most inspiring people I've ever met. 她性格坚强，令人钦佩，是我见过的最能鼓舞人心的人物之一。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①His speech made a strong (impress) on the audience. ②On arriving at the tea house，the foreign students (impress) by the unique tea pots and tea cups. ③The romantic film’s special effects are particularly (impress)． ④这个女孩的表演给我留下了深刻的印象。 →I the girl’s performance.(impress) →The girl’s performance .(impression) 【答案】1.impression2.were impressed3.impressive4.was deeply impressed by/with，left/made a deep impression on me 4. entrance 原文：One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white house. 。一个是新郎入场时竟骑着一匹俊美的白马。(教材P30) ◆n. 进入，出场；入口；进入权；准许进入 (1) the entrance to/ of … 的入口 make one’s entrance 进入，入场，出场 entrance into 卷入；涉及 front/back/side entrance of the house 房子的前门/ 后门/ 侧门 an entrance fee 入场费 college entrance examination 高考；大学入学考试 (2) enter into 进入；开始从事；参加；成为…的一部分 enter for 报名参加 ①His sudden entrance took everyone by surprise. 他的突然出场使所有人都感到意外 ②I called her from a public phone booth near the entrance to the bar.  我在酒吧入口附近的一个公用电话亭给她打了电话。 ③How many students have been entered for the exam?  有多少学生报名参加考试？ 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①She _______________________ after all the other guests had arrived.  她在其他所有客人都到达后才入场。 ②To gain admission into universities, applicants must ____________________________given once a year. 要进入大学学习，必须申请参加每年一次的国家入学资格考试。 ③ ________________________ and you could walk away with $10,000.  参加我们的竞赛，你就可以轻松赢得$10000 【答案】 ①made her entrance ②take a national entrance exam ③Enter our competition 5. anything but 原文：The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. 接下来的风俗也都不同寻常。 (教材P30) ◆绝不；根本不 of anything 或者其他别的事，或其他什么的 for anything 无论如何（用于否定句中） if anything 如果有什么区别的话 anything of （用于疑问或条件句）多多少少；一点…的味儿；很少 anything goes 怎么都行；任何事情都可能发生 good for anything 胜任各项工作；对一切都适用对一切都适用；能做各种工作 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①You never think of ______________________ your own selfishness.  除了想着自己的自私自利以外，你什么也不想。 ②I wouldn't want to move ______________________ in the world.  说什么我也不会搬走。 ③But then again, this is the Internet, so ______________________.  还有，这就是因特网，任何事都有可能发生。 【答案】 ①anything but ②for anything ③anything goes 6. ordinary ordinarily adv. 通常地；一般地 原文：The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. 接下来的风俗也都不同寻常。 (教材P30) ◆adj. 普通的，平常的，平庸的 an ordinary sort of day 平平常常的一天 in the ordinary course of events 在一般情况下 ordinary people like you and me 像你我这等普通人 This was no ordinary meeting. 这次会议非同小可。 ①The single most important factor that separates ordinary photographs from good photographs is the lighting.  区分一般照片和好照片的惟一重要因素是光线效果。 ②An ordinary life policy may have a cash surrender value of $50,000.  一份普通的人寿保险单的退保金额可能有$50000。 ③The boy's knowledge was out of the ordinary.   这个男孩的知识面非同寻常。 【易混辨析】common, usual, normal, ordinary, regular (1)common：共同的，普及的，普遍的。 例句：Don not tell me about that! It is common sence. 不要对我讲那个!那是常识。 (2)usual：通常的，往常的。 例句：I found her on the seashore, dreaming away as usual. 我在海滨找到了她，像往常一样她又在那儿发呆。 (3)normal：正常的，正规的，符合标准的。 例句：Her temperature soon returned to normal. 她的体温很快恢复正常。 (4)ordinary：普通的，一般的，指在一个群体中看不出区别的。 例句：These are just two ordinary houses. 这是两所普通的房子。 (5)regular：定期的，有规律的。 例句：He decided to call off his regular press conference. 他决定取消他的定期记者招待会 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Electronic computers are now in ______________ use all over the world. ②It's ______________ to feel tired after such a long trip. ②After lunch there was a little more clearing up to do than ______________. 【答案】①common ②normal ③usual 7.occasion occasional adj. 偶然的，临时的 occasionally adv. 偶尔；间或 原文：No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion. 难怪里约人民要休一个礼拜的假来共襄盛举。(教材P31) ◆n. 特殊场合，盛会；时刻，时机 a great/memorable/happy occasion 伟大的/难忘的/欢乐的庆典 on this/that occasion 这/那次 on the occasion 在那时；值此…之际 on the occasion of 值此…之际 rise to the occasion 应付自如 (1)on this/that occasion这/那次 on no occasion决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) (2)on occasion(s)偶尔，偶然，有时 (3)occasional adj.偶然的 (4)occasionally adv.偶然；偶尔；有时候 注意：当定语从句的先行词为occasion时，定语从句的引导词要根据occasion的具体含义来确定。如果表示时间，意为“时刻；机会”，用关系副词when；如果表示地点，意为“场合”，用关系副词where。 ①It should have been an occasion for rejoicing, but she could not feel any real joy. 原本应该是高兴的时刻，她却丝毫未感到快乐。 ②He was presented with the watch on the occasion of his retirement.  他在退休时获赠这块手表。 ③He spent five years in Paris, with occasional visits to Italy. 他在巴黎度过了五年，偶尔去意大利看看。 ④Birds were chattering somewhere, and occasionally he could hear a vehicle pass by. 鸟儿们在某处啁啾，偶尔他能听到一辆汽车经过。 [单句语法填空/句型转换] ①I can remember very few occasions he had to ask for leave because of ill health. ②There is no doubt that a funeral is an occasion you must take things seriously. ③This is my (occasion) visit to the theme park，in which I meet the cartoon characters I like most. ④We should on no occasion give up the plan. →On no occasion . 【答案】1.when 2.where 3.occasional4.should we give up the plan 8.current 原文：The Carnival current carried us through the ever- growing sea of people... 狂欢节的人潮裹挟着我们在越来越浩瀚的人海中穿行…。(教材P31) ◆n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮adj. 当前的；通用的 (1) air currents 气流 electric current 电流 a current of anti-government 反政府思潮 (2) current prices 时价 current situation  现状，目前形势；现况 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①He swam to the shore against __________________. 他逆着急流游向岸边。 ②What is __________________ of play in the peace talks? 和平谈判目前进展得怎么样？ 【答案】①a strong current ②the current state 句型 1. be about to do 表示将要发生的动作 原文： … the show was bout to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. . 我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置，表演就要开始了。 (教材P31) 【句式分析】 本句中 “was bout to begin ”，在句中表示将来发生的动作。 be about to do sth（… when）/ be on the point of doing (… when)表示即将，马上要做的事 be to do sth 表示按照计划，安排，决定，命令等要做的事或注定要做的事 be going to do sth 表示说话者主观打算做某事或者客观迹象表明即将发生的事 ①An agreement was about to be reached when the other side raised new issues.  快要达成协议的时候，对方又节外生枝。 ②Here is a message for you: you are to the office after class. 这里有一份给你的留言：你下课后去办公室。 ③I am going to water my flowers.  我打算浇浇我自己的花。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①No one is ______________ the room without permission. 未经允许，任何人不得离开这个房间。 ②I _________________ shopping when he rings me.  我马上就要出门的时候她来电话了。 ③I _______________ to Clara and she'll surely send me a whole lot more.  我要给克拉拉写信，她一定会寄给我更多的。 【答案】 ①to leave ②am about to go/ am on the point of going ③ am going to write 2. 现在分词作伴随状语 原文：The Carnival current carried us through the ever- growing sea of people, dancing all the way狂欢节的人潮裹挟着我们在越来越浩瀚的人海中穿行，走一路跳一路。(教材P31) 【句式分析】 本句中“dancing all the way”在句中作状语，伴随状语是指状语的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。“dancing”为现在分词，和其逻辑主语“the Carnival current”是主动关系，即狂欢节的人潮走一路，跳一路。过去分词(即done) 则表示被动关系。 ①All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem. 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。 ②The PE teacher stood in the middle of the playground, surrounded by a group of students. 那位体育老师站在操场中间，被一群学生围着。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①The dog entered the room, ___________(follow) his master 这条狗跟着主人进了屋。 ②The master entered the room, ___________(follow) by his dog 主人进了屋，后面跟着他的狗。 【答案】①following ②followed 3.2 Grammar：过去将来时 1．过去将来时的用法 (1)表示从过去某时开始将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中。 ①He said he would go to the north for the holiday. 他说他将去北方度假。 ②He was sixty­eight. In two years he would be seventy. 他68岁，再过两年就70岁了。 (2)常可表示过去习惯性的动作(不管什么人称，都用would)。 When I was young，I'd listen to the radio，waiting for my favorite songs. 当我年轻的时候，我常听收音机，等待我最喜欢的歌。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①He promised that he ____________ (open) the letter until 2 o'clock. ②When he was young, he ____________ (go) skating every winter. ③I decided that I ____________ (take) early retirement. 【答案】 ①would not open ②would go ③was going to take 2．过去将来时的构成 (1)基本表达方式：would＋do Mother promised that she would take me to Beijing the next year. 妈妈许诺明年带我去北京。 (2)表示过去将来时的其他几种表达方式： ①was/were going to do，表示准备、计划做。 She said she was going to buy a new bike. 她说她打算买一辆新自行车。 ②was/were about to do，表示即将发生的动作，不和表示时间段的状语连用。 The bus was about to start. 公共汽车马上就要开了。 ③was/were to do，表示过去曾计划或安排要做。 The press conference was to be held next week. 记者招待会将于下周举行。 ④was/were doing仅限于某些表示位移的动词，如：come，go，arrive，leave等。表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 I didn't know when they were coming again. 我不知道他们什么时候再来。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 ①They _____________________ down, When Tum suddenly whispered."Sh! Keep still. Don't move!  他们正想再下去，这时托姆突然低声道：“嘘，安静，别动！” ②He said the sport meet _____________________． 他说运动会就要开始了。 ③He said he ______________________ tonight. 他说他今晚要走。 【答案】 ①were about to go ②was about to begin ③was leaving 练习 I. 单项选择 1. The sky was then overcast with black clouds. There _______ be a storm. A. was to B. was going to C. was about to D. was due to 2. There port said that the film star ________ to Henan next Sunday.   A. would come B. will come C. came D. would came 3. The English teacher told us this morning that we ______ an exam at the end of this month. A. will have B. would have C. have had D. had had 4. Alfred Nobel hated war. He hoped that there ______ no war in the world. When he died, most of his money ______ in a fund.  A. would be ； was placed B. was； placed C. will be ； were placed D. would be ； placed 5. -Lucy has not turned up yet. -Why？ But she promised she ________ on time.  A. will come B. would come C. had come D. came 6. The report said that the film star ________ to Henan next Sunday.          A. would come B. will come C. came D. would came 7. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 8. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 9. It was predicted that a large number of celebrated people ________ at the well-known scientist’s funeral. A. turned up B. had turned up C. would turn up D. will have turned up 10. They made up their mind that they      a new house once Larry changed jobs. A. bought B. would buy C. have bought D. had bought 11. Hannah begged Annie not to tell anyone else, and she said she ____ her secret. A. had kept B. would keep C. kept D. keep 12. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 13. —Unbelievable! Steven made an announcement that he ______ in one month. —You are kidding. He has won widespread recognition. A. will resign B. has resigned C. would resign D. had resigned 14. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he ______ a higher pay by working hard. A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get 15. When he ______ the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car. A. paid B. was to paid C. would be paying D. had paid II单句语法 1．When he was young，he ___________ (sit) in front of the TV set for hours every day. 2．I was sure that they ___________ (do) that again. 3．Whenever she had time，she ___________ (come)to see us. 4．He said that he ___________ (leave) at six the next day. 5．No body knew why he ___________ (go) to the big city. 6．He hoped his wife ___________ (come) soon. 7．He ___________ (leave) when someone knocked at the door of his office. 8．He said he ___________ (learn) French next week. 9．I noticed that it ___________ (rain) when I looked at the sky. 10．He said he ___________ (be) ninety years old in two years. going bankrupt. III语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。  The Tokyo 2020 Olympics,   (2)   sponsorship revenue (赞助收入) has exceeded $3.1 billion,   (1)   (reschedule) to be held from July 23 to August 8 in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic,   (3)   (shorten) the Olympic marketing period for the Beijing Winter Olympics—to be held in February 2022—by a year. Ren Hai, a professor at the Olympic Research Center, claimed on Tuesday, "There will of course be   (4)   impact, but I think the impact will be limited, as the Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics are different in terms of sports and disciplines," Ren said. "  (5)   (history), the two different Olympics were hosted very close together." Ren   (6)   (refer) to the period from 1924 to 1992,   (7)   both the Winter and Summer Olympics were held in the same year. He Wenyi, executive director of the China Institute for Sports Value, said the reason   (8)   the limited impact on Winter Olympics marketing is   (9)   China has relatively few winter sports stars. "The promotional events of Beijing 2022 are unlikely   (10)   (affect), as the COVID-19 is under control in China." He Wenyi added. I. 单项选择 1.【答案】B 【解析】句意：当时天空乌云密布。就要有暴风雨了。be to do sth.表示事先商定安排好的；be about to do sth.表示最近的将来；be going to do sth.表示某人打算要做的事或根据迹象要发生的事；be due to do sth.表示按期，按理该做某事。根据上文The sky was then overcast with black clouds.可知根据迹象推测将要发生的事，要用be going to do sth. 故选B。 2.【答案】A 【解析】考查句子时态。句意：报道说，这位电影明星下个星期天要去河南。由时间状语next Sunday可知句子的时态使用一般将来时，由said可知表示过去的将来，因此使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故选A。 3.【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处that引导的是宾语从句，主句的谓语动词是told，一般过去时，从句的谓语动词需用过去的任何一种时态，排除选项A和C；根据从句的时间状语at the end of this month.可知，从句的谓语动词需用过去将来时：would do，表示过去看将要发生的动作。故选B。 4.【答案】A 【解析】句意：诺贝尔痛恨战争．他希望世界上不会有战争．当他死后，他的大部分钱都放在了一个基金里．他希望没有战争，hope是过去时that引导的从句应该用过去将来时，应该用would be,当他死后，钱被放进基金，主语是money应该用被动语态，所以5.【答案】B 【解析】由主句的she promised 可知，句子使用一般过去时，表示过去承诺将会准时到达，使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故选：B。--露西还没有出现。 --为什么？但是她承诺她将准时到达的。 6.【答案】A 【解析】由时间状语next Sunday 可知句子的时态使用一般将来时，由said可知表示过去的将来，因此使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故选：A。 报道说这位电影明星下个星期天要来河南。 7.【答案】D 【解析】考查宾语从句的时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就能得到更高的报酬。分析句子，that引导的是宾语从句，主句使用了一般过去时，所以从句也要用相对应的过去时态。根据句意可知，此处表示“将能得到更高的报酬”，所以用过去将来时。故选D。 8.【答案】D 【解析】考查时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就将能得到更高的报酬。A.has got现在完成时；B.will get一般将来时；C.got一般过去时；D.would get过去将来时。分析句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句；根据从句句意“他相信只要努力工作将能得到更高的报酬”和主句Mike was convinced可知，从句表示在过去某个时间看将来要发生的动作，故宾语从句使用过去将来时。故选D。 9.【答案】C 【解析】本题考查时态。根据was predicted可知，设空处的动作当时并未发生，故选C。 10.【答案】B 【解析】他们决定，一旦Larry换工作，就要买一栋新房子。此题考查时态。宾语从句的主句若为过去时，从句则使用相应的过去某一时态；且换房子发生在决定之后，因此要用过去将来时，故选B。 考点：词法 -动词时态与语态-过去将来时 11.【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。句意：汉娜恳求安妮不要告诉其他任何人，她说她会替她保守秘密。（安妮说要替汉娜保守秘密）。此处begged是过去的动作，当时“保守秘密还没发生”，故用过去将来时态。故选B。 12.【答案】D 【解析】考查宾语从句的时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就能得到更高的报酬。分析句子，that引导的是宾语从句，主句使用了一般过去时，所以从句也要用相对应的过去时态。根据句意可知，此处表示“将能得到更高的报酬”，所以用过去将来时。故选D。 13.【答案】C 【解析】考查时态。句意：——难以置信！史蒂文宣布他将在一个月内辞职。——你在开玩笑。他赢得了广泛的认可。根据句意和made可知，此处是过去将来时，一般过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。其构成是would+动词原形。故选C。 14.【答案】D 【解析】考查时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就将能得到更高的报酬。A. has got现在完成时；B. will get一般将来时；C. got一般过去时；D. would get过去将来时。分析句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句；根据从句句意“他相信只要努力工作将能得到更高的报酬”和主句Mike was convinced可知，从句表示在过去某个时间看将来要发生的动作，故宾语从句使用过去将来时。故选D。 15.【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：当他在餐馆里要结账时，他突然意识到他把钱包忘在车里了。结合句意可知，此处应用过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作。其构成可以是：（1）主语+was/were going to+动词原形（v.原)+其它；（2）主语+should/would+动词原形+其它；（3）主语+was/were+动词不定式，结合选项，此处选择第三种。因he作主语，故用was。A项是一般过去时；C是过去将来时进行时；D是过去完成时。故选B。 II. 单句语法 1. would sit 2. would not do 3. would come 4. was leaving 5. was going to 6. was coming 7. was about to leave 8. was going to leave 9. was going to rain 10. would be III语法填空 1. 分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Tokyo 2020 Olympics，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句，表示所属关系。故填whose。 2. 根据前文时态 has exceeded可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时：have/has done，因为表示被动，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态的被动语态，因为主语是单数，所以助动词需用has。故填has been rescheduled。 3. 本句已有谓语动词reschedule，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词shorten与主句主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词shortening作状语。故填shortening。 4. 空处需用不定冠词a/an泛指一种影响，impact是以元音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词an。故填an。 5. 空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，history对应的副词为historically“从历史上看”，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Historically。 6. 根据空后from 1924 to 1992可知，空处表示过去那段时间正在进行的动作，空处谓语动词需用过去进行时：was/were doing，主语是Ren，be动词需用was。故填was referring。 7. 分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the period，指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。 8. the reason for...“……的原因”，固定搭配。故填for。 9. 分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导表语从句，从句China has relatively few winter sports stars.句子成分完整，且空处没有具体的意思，所以空处需用that引导表语从句。故填that。 10. be unlikely to do sth.不可能做某事，固定搭配，因为表示被影响，所以空处需用动词不定式的被动语态：to be done。故填to be affected。 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. If we ever get m____________ we'll have one terrific wedding. 2. The exhibition hall is d_____________ with many traditional Chinese paintings. 3. Exceptionally, students may be accepted without  (正规的) qualifications. 4. There's a t____________ in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve. 5. My first i____________ of him was favorable.  6. At twenty to six I was waiting by the e___________ to the station. 7. Such luxuries are unavailable to ___________（普通的） people. 8. There's nothing like candlelight for creating a r___________ mood.  9. Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavor to the  (场合) . 10. Soldiers were m___________ up and down outside the government buildings.  11. A fairly strong ___________ (水流) seemed to be moving the whole boat. 12. What is the average ___________ (年度的) snowfall for this state? 13. The red traffic light indicates that every person and ___________ (车辆)  must stop.  Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. The exhibition hall is ___________ (decorate) with many traditional Chinese paintings. 2. He gave an ___________ (impression) speech to a receptive audience. 3. You never think of anything ___________ your own selfishness. 4. She had a habit of taking an ____________ (occasion) nip from a flask of cognac. 5. In fact manufacturing is also caught up ____________ a global whirlwind. 6. And do I do so weekly, monthly or ____________ (annual)? 7. I am about to stop ____________ I hear a gun shot.  8. The old man was sitting on the grass, ____________ (stare)at the sky. Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. married 2. decorated 3. formal 4. tradition 5. impression 6. entrance 7. ordinary 8. romantic 9. occasion 10. arching 11. current 12. annual 13. vehicle Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. decorated 2. impressive 3. but 4.occasional 5. in 6.annually 7. when 8. staring 阅读理解 A Better known by his stage name KUN, Cai Xukun is a phenomenon, opening up the music industry in China. Last year, after participating in the reality TV show Idol Producer, receiving the most votes from fans, the singer-songwriter rose to fame overnight. At just 21 years old, Cai has topped Chinese music charts with multiple singles. On July 26, KUN released his newest single Young. Within just 20 seconds, it reached a million sales. KUN wrote the song to share his understanding of youth. He mixed R&B and electronic beats (节拍) to make it more cheerful. A reviewer wrote on QQ Music, “When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.” The song was an early birthday present to himself which he celebrated on Aug 2. KUN also hopes that he always has the courage to pursue (追求) his love of music, no matter what people think. “My works are like my children and I have put my best effort into them.” he told the Global Times. Indeed, KUN has written and produced most of his songs on his own. “I want every piece of my work to have my own spirit in it,” he told music website Soundigest, “I feel more enjoyment when I'm performing my own work.” Although KUN loves performing onstage, when the lights go down, he prefers to fall back into his own world and darkness at night. “I always get inspired when it's quiet, late at night/' he told I-D magazine, “It's a great moment for me to create new things. Sometimes, I can write songs with a melody (旋律) I heard in a dream.” To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses. “I just like to do everything, all for my music, all for my art,” he told I-D. With such talent and dedication to music, it seems that KUN will continue to make his mark in the competitive Chinese music industry. 21. What do we know about KUN's newest single? A. It earns him a birthday present. B. It makes people feel happy and energetic. C. It shows how he pursues his dream. D. It combines jazz and electronic music. 22. What does KUN usually do to get inspiration for music? A. He goes to music shows. B. He talks to famous singers. C. He attends music classes. D. He finds melodies in his dreams. 23. Which would best describe KUN? A. Courageous and patient. B. Talented and humorous. C. Hardworking and creative. D. Optimistic and outgoing. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名歌手蔡徐坤出道及成名的经历，说明了他对于音乐孜孜不倦的追求和热爱。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的He mixed R&B and electronic beats (节拍) to make it more cheerful.和When you listen to the song, you just seem to go back to youth again.可知，蔡徐坤在创作这首歌曲时，把节奏布鲁斯和电子节奏混合在一起，使节奏更加欢快，当你听这首歌的时候，你仿佛又回到了青春。由此可知，这首新曲使人们感到高兴并且充满能量。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses.可知，为了发展他的反思和寻找新的灵感，蔡徐坤参加各种各样的音乐演出——从节日演出到歌剧院。故选A项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的To develop his introspection (反思) and find new inspiration, KUN attends different kinds of musical performances — from festivals to opera houses.可知，为了发展他的反思和寻找新的灵感，蔡徐坤参加各种各样的音乐演出，由此可知，他很勤奋；根据倒数第三段中的I can write songs with a melody (旋律) I heard in a dream.可知，蔡徐坤可以利用梦中的声音去创作旋律，由此可知，他富有创造力。故选C项。 B We often seek food after focused mental activity，like preparing for an exam.Researchers guess that too much thinking consumes a lot of energy from the brain.So the brain，sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going，apparently leads to bodily hunger，and even though there has been little physical movement，we eat. The researchers note that tiring activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐) circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel，researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel­rich blood during exercise could feed a worn­out brain and reduce the urge to overeat. Thirty­eight healthy college students were invited to determine their fitness and metabolic(新陈代谢) rates and to report what their favorite pizza was.Afterward，they sat quietly for 35 minutes before being given as much of their favorite pizza as they wanted.At a later date，the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes making selections from college and graduate­school entrance exams. Next，half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes，before being given pizza.The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill(跑步机) two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking，repeated five times.These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza，too.But by and large，they did not overeat. When the researchers factored in(将……作为因素考虑) the calories burnt on running，they determined that those students actually consumed 200 fewer total calories after their brain workouts than the resting students. The researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner.They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running，although the researchers say they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat，it should also increase blood sugar and lactate，feeding the brain and weakening hungers call. 24．What do we learn from the first paragraph? A．We eat for more physical movements. B．A busy brain can make one hungry. C．Energy from the brain can’t be used up. D．An exam results in caloric consumption most. 25．What can a physical movement do? A．Increase blood flow. B．Increase the amount of blood sugar. C．Urge one to eat more. D．Make the brain tired. 26．What does the underlined phrase “gorge on” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Eat. B．Purchase. C．Taste. D．Obtain. 27. Where’s the passage from? A. advertisement B. science magazine C. newspaper D. novel 【答案】24-27 BAAB 【语篇解读】本文为说明文。研究人员猜测，过多的思考会消耗大脑的大量能量，这显然会导致身体饥饿。由于大脑使用糖和乳酸盐作为燃料，研究人员想知道，在运动过程中增加的富含燃料的血液流量，是否能让疲惫的大脑得到补充，并减少暴饮暴食的冲动。文章介绍了这项研究。 24．B细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句(研究人员猜测，过多的思考会消耗大脑的大量能量。因此，大脑感觉到它可能很快就需要更多的卡路里来维持运转，显然会导致身体饥饿)可知，忙碌的大脑会让人感到饥饿。故B选项正确。 25．A细节理解题。根据第二段内容(研究人员指出，疲劳的活动不仅会增加血液中循环的血糖和乳酸的含量，还会增加流向头部的血液流量)可知，身体运动能增加血液流动。故A选项正确。 26．A词义猜测题。根据本段第一句“Next，half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes，before being given pizza.”及画线词句中的too可知，这些学生也可以吃比萨。根据画线词所在句后的“But by and large，they did not overeat.(总的来说，他们没有吃得太多)”也可得知，画线词意为“吃”。故A选项正确。 27. B 文章来源题。根据文章中反复出现的study和 researchers 可知文章来自于科学杂志。 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard ______56______(climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, ______57______ (exhaust) and hot, I couldn’t go any further. So we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question, _____58_____ left me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered _____59_____thinking about it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly _______60_______his dream was-----to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but _______61_______ tough life was, he never gave up. “There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently. That night I _______62_______ hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation?” I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant ______63______ (put) everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by _______64_______. It made me think: If we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and _______65_______ (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that. 【答案】 56. to climb 57. exhausted 58. which 59. after 60. what 61. however 62. could 63. putting 64. myself 65. was fascinated 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自身的登山经历感悟到：要欣赏美景，必须付出努力。 56.考查非谓语动词。句意：山很难攀登，山上有坚硬的岩石和溪流。此处是“sth.+形容词+to do”结构，表示“山很难攀登”，故填to climb。 57.考查形容词。句意：最后，觉得疲惫又炎热，我一步也走不动了。此处是形容词作状语，所以填一个形容词，且指人的感受，应用exhausted，表示“感到精疲力尽的”，故填exhausted。 58.考查定语从句。句意：在下山回去的路上，我叔叔问了我一个问题，让我一时无言以对。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a question，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。 59.考查介词。句意：思考了一会儿后，我回答：“我不知道。”结合句中“for a while”可知，此处表示“思考了一会儿之后”，应使用介词after，意为“在……之后”，故填after。 60.考查宾语从句。句意：尽管没有人认为他可以成功，他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。空处引导一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。 61.考查状语从句。句意：当然，他口袋里经常没钱，但是无论生活多么艰难，他从不放弃。结合句意可知，此处指“无论生活多么艰难”，应使用however引导让步状语从句，故填however。 62.考查情态动词和时态。句意：那天晚上我几乎难以入睡。此处表示“能，可以”，应使用情态动词can，此处表示一般过去时，应使用其过去式could，故填could。 63.考查非谓语动词。句意：我曾经想成为一个优等生，但是需要的努力意味着把一切都投入到追随这种激情中。mean doing sth.意味着做某事，是固定搭配，故填putting。 64.考查反身代词。句意：第二天我早早离开家，再次独自爬上山。by onself是固定短语，意为“独自”，主语是I，应使用其相应的反身代词，故填myself。 65.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最后，我到达山顶，陶醉于温暖的微风和阳光之中。文章是讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时，动词fascinate和主语I之间是被动关系，使用被动语态，主语I是单数，故填was fascinated。 七选五 For college applicants, the essay is the place to show their writing skills and let their unique voice shine through. They want their essay to make a good impression, but they have only several hundred words to make that happen. ____36____ Here’s what students need to know about writing a good college application essay. Getting Started on the College Essay A good time for students to begin working on their essays is the summer before senior year, when homework and after-school activities aren’t taking up time and mental energy. ____37____. This is particularly important for those applying for early decision or early action. Students can go online to review essay requirements for the colleges they want to apply to. For example, many students may start with the Common App, an application platform accepted by more than 1,000 schools. How to Pick a College Essay Topic The essay isn’t a complete autobiography (自传). It’s terrible to think of putting their whole life in one essay. ___38___. Students can also write about something that shows an aspect of their background. These are the types of essays that typically stand out. Writing the College Essay The key to a good college essay is keeping it simple. In other words, they should think small. ____39____. An expert says, “You don’t have to come up with a plan for world peace. Think small enough to identify details in your life that belong only to you.” Editing and Submitting (提交) the College Essay When reviewing the essay, students should make sure their writing is showing, not telling. This means students should show their readers examples that prove they have certain details. ____40____. On the Common App, for example, students copy their essay into a text box. A. This can feel like a lot of pressure. B. Don’t let anyone else change the style of the essay. C. They can ask friends or other family members for help. D. It means paying close attention to the little meaningful things in their life. E. Starting early will also give students plenty of time to work through the essay. F. Experts say students should narrow their focus and write about a unique experience. G. When an essay is ready to go, students will generally submit it online with the rest of their application. 【答案】36. A 37. E 38. F 39. D 40. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章列举了一些学生们写一篇好的大学申请论文需要知道的事情。 【36题详解】 根据前文“They want their essay to make a good impression, but they have only several hundred words to make that happen.(他们想让自己的文章给人留下好印象，但他们只有几百个单词来实现这一目标。)”可知，此处是指前文中提到的情况会让学生很有压力，所以选项A“这会给你带来很大的压力。”切合文意。故选A。 【37题详解】 根据小标题“Getting Started on the College Essay(开始写大学申请论文)”和前文“A good time for students to begin working on their essays is the summer before senior year, when homework and after-school activities aren’t taking up time and mental energy.(学生开始写论文的好时机是高三前的夏天，此时作业和课外活动不会占用时间和精力。)”以及后文“This is particularly important for those applying for early decision or early action.(这对那些申请提前决定或提前行动的人尤其重要。)”可知，此处是指早开始写大学申请论文很重要，所以选项E“尽早开始也会给学生足够的时间来完成论文。”切合文意。故选E。 【38题详解】 根据前文“The essay isn’t a complete autobiography (自传). It’s terrible to think of putting their whole life in one essay.(这篇文章不是一部完整的自传。把他们的一生都写在一篇文章里是很可怕的。)”和后文“Students can also write about something that shows an aspect of their background.(学生也可以写一些显示他们背景的东西。)”可知，此处是对大学申请论文主题提出一些建议，所以选项F“专家说，学生应该缩小他们的关注点，写一段独特的经历。”切合文意。故选F。 【39题详解】 根据前文“The key to a good college essay is keeping it simple. In other words, they should think small.(一篇好的大学论文的关键是保持简单。换句话说，他们应该从小处着眼。)”和后文“You don’t have to come up with a plan for world peace. Think small enough to identify details in your life that belong only to you.(你不需要想出一个世界和平的计划。从足够小的角度思考，找出生活中只属于你自己的细节。)”可知，此处是指大学申请论文应该着眼于生命中有意义的小事情，所以选项D“这意味着密切关注他们生活中有意义的小事情。”切合文意。故选D。 【40题详解】 根据小标题“Editing and Submitting (提交) the College Essay(编辑和提交大学申请论文)”和后文“On the Common App, for example, students copy their essay into a text box.(例如，在Common App上，学生们将他们的文章复制到一个文本框中。)”可知，此处是指大学申请论文的编辑和提交，所以选项G“当一篇论文准备好了，学生们通常会把它和申请的其它部分一起提交到网上。”切合文意。故选G。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$