UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Family members will gather together and many conventional (传统的) activities will be carried out. 2．Undoubtedly, smart products make communication convenient and leisure (休闲) time colorful. 3．Although I convinced (使相信)him of my ability，he still didn't entirely believe that I could tackle the problem. 4．Our English teacher called on us to read more English novels with the intention of expanding (扩大) our vocabulary. 5．More and more small shops have the tendency to be absorbed into big ones due to global financial crisis (危机)． 6．A shortage (缺少)of medicine and medical workers implied that many soldiers died without being treated. 7．The average output (产量) of the factory is reduced to 30 cars a day. 8．Chinese people make joint efforts and work hard to turn Chinese Dream into a reality (现实). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I found his speech convincing (convince) and admired him for his talent. 2．He was worried about the news that the injured were facing food shortage (short)． 3．Assuming (assume) that I settled the conflict，I would employ an entirely new way. 4．Overcome (overcome) by extreme embarrassment，I lowered my head. 5．The team comprised (comprise) of five students occupy themselves in preparing for the Chinese Speech Competition. 6．Some famous artists, including Mr. Li, have been devoted (devote) to Beijing Opera for twenty years. 7．What made her ashamed was that her husband was caught smoking in the museum. 8．As far as I am concerned, the show was far from a failure, but it was a great success. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”这句著名的谚语。 What the teacher had said reminded me of the famous saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” 2．这幅画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。 The picture convinces me that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student. 3．这不仅会提高中国消费者的福利， 也可以使中国的发展更均衡。 Not only will this improve the welfare of China's consumers, but also make China's development more balanced. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”， was 1.a leading figure in the rice­growing world. His slim but strong body was just like that of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.2.What concerned him most was that farmers often had poor 3.harvests (harvest) and even would suffer from food shortage. 4.Convinced (convince) that he can find ways to increase the rice output without 5.expanding (expand) the area of fields, Yuan 6.overcame (overcome) enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice. Today, it is estimated that about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China 7.is generated (generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains. Thanks 8.to his research, people have more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Although his hybrids have made him wealthy, Yuan cared little for celebrity or wealth. Instead, he made large donations to support 9.agricultural (agriculture) research. What impresses people most was that Yuan had the ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. Even in his later years, Yuan was still young at heart and full of 10.vision (visible), and we were always excited to see what he would dream up next. Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A (2025·河南豫北名校期中检测)Researchers have used radar (雷达) and other technologies to study a large “star” sand dune (沙丘) in eastern Morocco located in Africa.The team said it was able to get detailed data on how these dunes form and develop. A star dune is named after its shape because it can look like a star when seen from above.These structures are very large and have a hill, or peak, at the top.They have large masses, called arms, spreading out from the peak.Star dunes are shaped by wind and other conditions in the environment. Star dunes are common in deserts and can be found in Africa, the Middle East, China and North America.But scientists say, although there are a lot of star dunes, the formations have not been studied very much so far. The research results recently appeared in the publication Scientific Reports.The scientists said the star dune rises 100 metres above surrounding dunes and is 700 metres wide.The structure contains an estimated five­and­a­half metric tons of sand. The researchers used radar that can “see” underground to look at different elements within the star dune.The science instruments that were used are designed to map all layers within the dunes.They also used a method called luminescence dating to study the age of the dune.This method uses minerals in the sand to estimate when they last received sunlight in an attempt to guess the age of the dune. The researchers estimated the oldest parts of the base of the star dune are about 13, 000 years old.And the dune is moving across the desert at a rate of about 50 centimetres a year.The team noted the star dune experienced the most growth during the past 1, 000 years. Star dunes make up just 10 percent of all dunes in Earth's deserts.They have also been observed on Mars and on Saturn's moon Titan.Earth's largest star dunes are found in western China's Badain Jaran desert.Star dunes also are found in places including the Namib Sand Sea in Namibia, large sand seas in Algeria and Rub' al Khali in Saudi Arabia.In North America, Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado contains a series of them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲的摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星状”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够捕捉到这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。 1．What is the purpose of paragraph 2? A．To provide readers with information about star dunes. B．To introduce the locations of sand dunes. C．To show the main structures of sand dunes. D．To tell readers people have little understanding of sand dunes. 解析　A　写作目的题。根据第二段内容“A star dune is named after its shape because it can look like a star when seen from above.These structures are very large and have a hill, or peak, at the top.They have large masses, called arms, spreading out from the peak.Star dunes are shaped by wind and other conditions in the environment.”可知，此段的目的是为读者提供有关“星状”沙丘的信息。故选A。 2．Why do researchers use luminescence dating? A．To measure the scale of sand dunes. B．To develop minerals inside sand dunes. C．To determine when the sand dune began to form. D．To describe the underlying feature of sand dunes. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“They also used a method called luminescence dating to study the age of the dune.”可知，研究人员使用发光测年法是为了确定沙层的年龄，即“沙丘是何时开始形成的”。故选C。 3．In which country can you see the biggest star dunes? A．Morocco. B．China. C．Saudi Arabia. D．The USA. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Earth's largest star dunes are found in western China's Badain Jaran desert.”可知，最大的星状沙丘在中国。故选B。 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Process of Sand Dune Formation. B．Star Dunes: Wonders in the Desert. C．The Past and Future of Sand Dunes on Earth. D．Researchers Uncover “Secrets” of African Sand Dune. 解析　D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和全文内容可知，研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲的摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星状”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够捕捉到这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。因此推断D项“研究人员揭开了非洲沙丘的‘秘密’”为最佳标题。故选D。 B (2025·广西普通高中期中联考)Antarctica (南极洲) is the coldest, windiest, highest and driest continent (大陆) on the planet.The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth was ­94.7 ℃in eastern Antarctica in 2010.The continent experiences regular Katabatic winds, reaching 300 km per hour.There is little rainfall and the air is very dry.Indeed, the Polar Plateau (极地高原) is regarded as a desert which experiences similar rainfall levels to the Sahara Desert. It is the fifth­largest continent and is almost 1.5 times the size of the United States.Its coastline covers about 18，000 km.About 98% of the continent is covered in a thick continental ice sheet and the remaining 2% is rock. Antarctica has six months of daylight followed by six months of darkness.It contains 70% of the planet's freshwater and 90% of the world's ice. Strong winds and wild storm shave been closely connected with Antarctica since its discovery and continue to be a main challenge for modern explorers.Most of the early diaries and tales of exploration of Antarctica are filled with stories of how the weather was man's biggest enemy on the continent.Nature's power is seldom seen as ferocious as it is in Antarctica, making it one of the most difficult places to live on Earth. The first people to reach the South Pole were from the Norwegian­led expedition (探险队) of Roald Amundsen on December 14，1911.One month later, Robert, Scott's British expedition also reached 90 South but all members unluckily died on their return journey. Before this, the thought over the existence of a “southern land” was not confirmed until the early 1820s.At this time, British and American business operators and British and Russian national expeditions began exploring the Antarctic Peninsula area and other areas south of the Antarctic Circle.In 1840, it was believed that Antarctica is indeed a continent and not just a group of islands. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球上最冷、风最大、海拔最高、最干燥的大陆——南极洲。 5．What can we know about Antarctica from paragraph 1? A．It is covered by sand. B．It hardly rains there. C．The air there is wet. D．The average temperature there was high. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“There is little rainfall and the air is very dry.Indeed, the Polar Plateau(极地高原) is regarded as a desert which experiences similar rainfall levels to the Sahara Desert.”可知，南极洲很少下雨。故选B。 6．What does the underlined word “ferocious” mean in paragraph 4? A．Strong. B．Gentle. C．Common. D．Amazing. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词下一句“making it one of the most difficult places to live on Earth”可知，画线词所在句指的是大自然的力量很凶猛，才使南极洲成为地球上最难以生存的地方之一。故选A。 7．Which expedition first arrived at the South Pole? A．Norwegian. B．British. C．American. D．Russian. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The first people to reach the South Pole were from the Norwegian­led expedition (探险队) of Roald Amundsen on December 14，1911.”可知，第一个到达南极点的探险队来自挪威。故选A。 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Antarctica: A Dream Place B．Antarctica: A Challenging Place C．Antarctica: A Plateau D．Antarctica: Expedition's New Goal 解析　B　主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，南极洲环境恶劣；再根据第四段可知，南极洲是探险家们面临的主要挑战。文章主要介绍了南极洲，并认为其是一个充满挑战的地方。由此可知，Antarctica: A Challenging Place(南极洲：一个充满挑战的地方)作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·浙江绍兴教学质量调测)As the Chinese saying goes, “A seed can change the world; a variety can benefit a nation.” Zhang Daorong, who has spent over 20 years 1 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security, has done both.The 52­year­old, who is called the “mother of wheat”， is a 2 at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Xiangyang city. The research into new varieties requires 3 standards and careful experiments.“The first 4 is to find suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then we try a hybrid combination，” Zhang explained.“After several generations of 5 and selection, and when characteristics remain stable, we 6 a two­year process of yield testing and disease identification.” And after several more rounds of tests, a(n) 7 for evaluation and approval can be made for market production. “Generally speaking, a good new 8 should produce high yields, have stable production, and 9 good resistance to bad conditions，” she added.“ 10 ， it also should be accepted by the market.” Zhang added that the team 11 70, 000 to 80, 000 seedlings (幼苗) each year.All year round they were busy 12 experiments on the growth of the new seedlings and making records and analyses. “Agricultural research work is 13 and complicated.Sometimes your efforts do not 14 ．All we can do then is think more, 15 more and find answers on the land，” she said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了被称为“小麦之母”的研究员张道荣为培育小麦新品种所做的努力以及所取得的成就。 1．A.advertising B．developing C．talking D．observing 解析　B　根据下文的“13 new varieties of wheat”和“The 52­year­old, who is called the ‘mother of wheat’”可知，张道荣的工作是研发小麦新品种。故选B。 2．A.journalist B．teacher C．researcher D．manager 解析　C　根据下文的“The research into new varieties”可知，张道荣是一名研究员。故选C。 3．A.strict B．acceptable C．reasonable D．objective 解析　A　根据上文的“The research into new varieties ”和下文的“careful experiments”以及常识可知，新品种的研究需要严格的标准。故选A。 4．A.way B．attempt C．step D．question 解析　C　根据下文的then可知，此处是说的第一步。故选C。 5．A.encouragement B．support C．management D．trial 解析　D　根据上文的“careful experiments”和“Then we try a hybrid combination”可知，此处说的是实验。故选D。 6．A.perform B．continue C．follow D．repeat 解析　A　根据下文的“a two­year process of yield testing and disease identification”可知，此处是指进行产量测试。故选A。 7．A.practice B．application C．declaration D．invitation 解析　B　根据下文的“for evaluation”可知，此处指申请评估。故选B。 8．A.environment B．machine C．farmland D．variety 解析　D　根据第二段的“13 new varieties of wheat”可知，此处指的是小麦品种。故选D。 9．A.produce B．enhance C．show D．overcome 解析　C　根据上文的“a good new 8 should produce high yields”和下文的“good resistance to bad conditions”可知，一个好的新品种应该对恶劣条件表现出良好的抵抗力。故选C。 10．A.Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 解析　A　下文的“it also should be accepted by the market”是对上文内容的进一步补充说明。故选A。 11．A.watered B．bought C．protected D．planted 解析　D　根据下文的“70, 000 to 80, 000 seedlings”和常识可知，该团队是种植幼苗。故选D。 12．A.reporting B．designing C．conducting D．studying 解析　C　根据下文的“experiments on the growth of the new seedlings”可知，此处是指对新苗的生长进行实验。故选C。 13．A.normal B．tough C．varied D．specific 解析　B　根据下文的“complicated”和“Sometimes your efforts do not 14 ．”可知，农业研究工作既艰巨又复杂。故选B。 14．A.end up B．run out C．break up D．pay off 解析　D　根据上文的“Agricultural research work is 13 and complicated.”可知，做农业研究工作，有时候努力不一定有回报。故选D。 15．A.discuss B．obtain C．insist D．gather 解析　A　根据上文的“think more”可知，此处指的是多讨论，二者是相关的。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$