Unit 4 Section 3 Extended reading & Project & Assessment and Further study（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（译林版）

[对应知能达标训练P23] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A One morning more than thirty years ago，I entered the Track Kitchen，a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的)to the most powerful came for breakfast.I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly，unshaven man，who looked somewhat disheveled．He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.I asked if I might join him.He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast. We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things.We never introduced ourselves.I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee，I asked，“May I get you something？” “A coffee would be nice.” Then I bought him a cup of coffee.We talked more，and he accepted another cup of coffee.Finally，I rose to leave，wished him well，and headed for the exit.At the door I met one of my friends.He asked，“How did you get to know Mr.Galbreath？” “Who？” “The man you were sitting with.He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs.” I could hardly believe it.I was buying，offering a free breakfast，and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr.Galbreath changed my life.Now I try to treat everyone with respect，no matter who I think they are，and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity. [语篇解读]　本文讲述了作者见到一个很不起眼的人，但他却是位主席，通过这件事作者告诉我们不要以貌取人。 1．What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean? A．Unfriendly. B．Untidy. C．Gentle. D．Kind. 解析　词义猜测题。从前面的“an elderly，unshaven man”以及后面“He was wearing a worn-out hat...”可推出disheveled是“不整洁的”的意思，选B。 答案　B 2．How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? A．Proud. B．Pitiful. C．Surprised. D．Regretful. 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I could hardly believe it.I was buying，offering a free breakfast，and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men！”可知选C。 答案　C 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Mr.Galbreath was eating his breakfast when the writer came in the restaurant. B．Though he was rich，Mr.Galbreath had no money to buy himself a breakfast that day. C．Though they talked a lot with each other，Mr.Galbreath and the writer didn't know each other very well. D．From that day，Mr.Galbreath and the writer have become very good friends and Mr.Galbreath has helped the writer a lot. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly，unshaven man，who looked somewhat disheveled.”和第二段的“We never introduced ourselves.”及作者与朋友的对话可知，他们并非熟人，故选C。 答案　C 4．What is the message mainly expressed in the story? A．We should learn to be generous. B．It is honourable to help those in need. C．People in high positions are not like what we expect. D．We should avoid judging people by their appearances. 解析　写作意图题。从文章最后一句话“Now I try to treat everyone with respect，no matter who I think they are，and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity.”可知选D。 答案　D B Cooking programmes and classes for children seem to positively influence children's food preferences and behaviours，according to a recent review.And，although the review didn't look at long-term effects of such programmes，the findings suggest that such programmes might help children develop long-lasting healthy habits. This research comes at a time when childhood obesity rates have been rising rapidly.More than one-third of adolescents (青少年) in the United States were obese in 2012，according to the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).This trend has been caused，at least in part，by a significant decrease in the amount of meals that people consume at home since the 1980s，according to background information in the study. Cooking education programmes，such as Food Explorers，teach children about new healthy foods and how to prepare them.They also stress the importance of eating five fruits and vegetables every day.A volunteer parent explains a new food to the group，and the kids make something based on the lesson，such as fruit or vegetable salad.Depending on the programme，kids may be sent home with information about healthy foods to bring to their parents，the review explained. The study team reviewed eight other studies that tested different types of cooking education programmes.Children in these classes were between 5 and 12 years old，according to the review.The goal of the study team was to learn more about developing an efficient programme to encourage healthy food choices that last a lifetime.The study found that it is particularly important to expose kids to healthy foods on a number of occasions.This makes them feel comfortable with the new foods，which helps them build healthy habits. The study stressed the importance of getting parents involved in(参与)their children's eating habits.Parents who are unable to enroll their kids in a cooking class can achieve similar benefits by having their kids help them while they prepare meals at home.Children are more comfortable at home，which makes them more receptive to new foods because they will make the connection to a positive experience. [语篇解读]　作者主要介绍给孩子进行烹饪教育能帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯。 5．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．Childhood obesity is totally caused by eating habits. B．Eating out frequently causes obesity. C．Childhood obesity rates have been rising rapidly since 2012. D．Food consumption has decreased significantly since the 1980s. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This trend has been caused，at least in part，by a significant decrease in the amount of meals that people consume at home since the 1980s...”可知美国青少年肥胖的人数越来越多的主要原因是人们在家吃饭的次数减少，而在外面就餐的次数增多，故选B。 答案　B 6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the study? A．Parents should let their kids cook independently at home. B．Children who participate in cooking programmes are less likely to become obese. C．A greater willingness to try new foods helps build healthy habits. D．Children who take cooking courses are more likely to choose fruits and vegetables as adults. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“This makes them feel comfortable with the new foods，which helps them build healthy habits.”可知孩子们会更愿意尝试新食品，这能帮助其养成健康的饮食习惯，故选C。 答案　C 7．Which of the following does this passage belong to? A．Education Systems. B．Public Health Research. C．Parent-child Relationship. D．Science and Technology. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“...according to a recent review.”和全文内容可知本文是一篇关注孩子饮食习惯的调查，故选B。 答案　B 8．The purpose of the passage is ． A．to inform the readers B．to entertain the readers C．to discuss with the readers D．to warn the readers 解析　写作意图题。文章主要介绍了对孩子进行烹饪教育能帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯，再结合最后一段的“The study stressed the importance of getting parents involved in(参与)their children's eating habits.”可知本文的目的是让读者了解这些并加入其中。故选A。 答案　A Ⅱ.完形填空 I have been working on a Health book for nearly four years.The idea came after more than 30 years of caring for the 1 ．I hope the book will really help people.One of the biggest questions from the book：Do you 2 how your own behaviors can greatly affect your health？Yesterday was a great example. My wife，T and I took the grandkid 3 and after four hours we came home.I looked at my Fitbit (计步器) at 7 pm and said，“We need to go for a 4 ．” We hadn't had any exercise all day.I had only 4，687 5 on my Fitbit，but T had 11，678 steps！How could this be？We were 6 all day，never more than a few feet apart. So we 7 the day's events.When we reached the store，I sat in the sofa of the 8 department. 9 ，T walked everywhere helping our 10 shop.She turned over nearly every shoe for an hour.When we went to look at kids 11 ，I leaned against a shelf and checked emails while she checked out every item for 90 minutes.While our grandson went to try a shirt on in the 12 room for 30 minutes，I went in with him.T went around the store and brought some items to us.Add up these little habits.She more than 13 my steps while still being within shouting distance，just a few feet away. You don't have to run five miles away from 14 to get exercise，just go shopping with your wife.Though I didn't know it at that time，I made “taking steps” my wife's sport.I was just a 15 ． [语篇解读]　作者和妻子带孙子去商场购物，回家后妻子的计步器数据是他的两倍多。这是怎么回事呢？ 1．A.children B．adults C．women D．elderly 解析　由第一句可知，作者写的书是关于健康的，由此推断前些年作者所从事的应该是照顾老人的工作。 答案　D 2．A.realize B．explain C．record D．forget 解析　结合下文，作者和妻子陪孙子购物，结果自己的锻炼不足，但他当时并没有意识到，因此书中的问题是“你意识到(realize)自己的日常行为会极大地影响到你的健康了吗？”。 答案　A 3．A.running B．playing C．shopping D．driving 解析　根据下一段中的“When we reached the store...”可知，夫妻二人和孙子去商场购物，故选C。 答案　C 4．A.rest B．walk C．dinner D．breath 解析　当作者看到自己的步数很少时，表示需要出去散步(walk)。 答案　B 5．A.miles B．steps C．points D．calories 解析　根据下句中的“11，678 steps”可知，此处显示的所走的步数。 答案　B 6．A.apart B．in C．out D．together 解析　根据下文“...never more than a few feet apart.”可知，二人一整天都在一起(together)，最多也就几步远。 答案　D 7．A.remembered B．wrote C．counted D．celebrated 解析　结合下文可知，看到他们的步数差异巨大后，他们开始回忆(remembered)这一天的经历。 答案　A 8．A.foods B．toys C．shoes D．shirts 解析　根据下文“She turned over nearly every shoe for an hour.”可知，他们开始进入的是商场中卖鞋的区域，故选C。 答案　C 9．A.Afterwards B．Meanwhile C．Beforehand D．Therefore 解析　作者坐在沙发上休息时，妻子来来回回走了好几圈，帮孙子买东西。meanwhile“与此同时；在此期间”。 答案　B 10．A.daughter B．son C．grandson D．granddaughter 解析　根据下文“While our grandson went to try a shirt on in the...”可知，作者带孙子去购物，故选C。 答案　C 11．A.clothes B．desserts C．shoes D．books 解析　根据下文“While our grandson went to try a shirt on in the...”可知clothes正确，与下文的shirt呼应。 答案　A 12．A.washing B．waiting C．smoking D．dressing 解析　根据“try a shirt on”可知，试穿衣服应该在试衣间，故选D。 答案　D 13．A.reduced B．doubled C．recorded D．cleared 解析　综合以上因素，妻子走的步数是作者的两倍还要多。double意为“加倍”。 答案　B 14．A.shop B．school C．home D．gym 解析　正常跑步是从家里出发，故选C。 答案　C 15．A.viewer B．shopper C．supporter D．participant 解析　走路只成了妻子的锻炼方式，而作者只是一个旁观者(viewer)，并未参与进去。 答案　A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$