Unit 3 Section 3 Extended reading & Project & Assessment and Further study（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（译林版）

[对应知能达标训练P17] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A There are three different kinds of friends in our life.I classify (分类)them according to how well I know them and how well they know me. The first type of friend is just an acquaintance (熟人).This means that you only know their name.You might not even remember what they look like if you go away for a short vacation.You don't miss them when they are elsewhere.It is also this type of friend who gives you the most amount of aggravation (恼怒).Since most of the time you are placed in a position where you have to act friendly.You would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry，such as tapping the fingers on a table or shouting loudly.I call them “pest friends”． The second kind of friend is a “guest friend”．They are just social partners.You meet them at a certain location and at the end of the meeting you go your separate way and they go theirs.You don't talk too often with this sort of friend，and you don't share each other's secrets. Lastly，we have “best friends”．This sort of friend is there when you need them.They know you as a person and they are there through thick and thin.Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens.If you need a listening ear，they will be the one to lend support. Friends come in all different shapes and sizes.Every friend has an impact on our life... [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了生活中三种不同类型的朋友。 1．What is this passage mainly about? A．What a true friend is like. B．Three kinds of friends in our life. C．The role that friends play in our life. D．Why there are different kinds of friends. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要是讲生活中的三种朋友，故选B。 答案　B 2．According to the writer，when a friend of the first type acts in an annoying way，you ． A．can tell him/her about it directly B．should stay away from him/her C．should advise him/her to correct his/her behavior D．may find it hard to tell him/her not to do so 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的You would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry...可知在作者看来，当第一种朋友有恼人的行为时，你可能并不好意思直接跟他/她说，故选D。 答案　D 3．Which of the following statements is WRONG about the second type of friend? A．They are called “pest friends” by the writer. B．You don't talk very often with them. C．You don't share your secrets with them. D．They are only social partners. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知“pest friends”是作者用来形容第一种朋友的，故选A。 答案　A 4．If someone is with you through thick and thin，it means ． A．he/she is your best friend for sure B．he/she agrees with whatever you say C．you spend most of your time together D．he/she is with you even when there are difficulties 解析　推理判断题。第四段主要是讲最好的朋友。根据Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens.的语境可推断D正确，即不管是平时或是有困难时，最好的朋友都会在你的身边。 答案　D B One of the most important things in the world is friendship.In order to have friends，you have to be a friend.But how can you be a good friend at school? Listen—Listen when they are talking.Don't say anything unless they ask you a question.Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say；they just need someone to talk to about their feelings. Help them—If your friend is ever in need of something，be there to help them.You should try to put them first，but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do.Try to take an extra (额外的) pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one.Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need. Be there for them—Try to make something for your friend to help make them feel better in hard times.Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend.Marilyn Monroe，a famous U．S.actress，once said，“I often make mistakes.Sometimes I am out of control.But if you can't stay with me at my worst，you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best.” Always remember this！If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times，then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time! Try to make plans with your friends.Go shopping，go for an ice cream，have a party，go to a movie and so on.Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy.By planning things together，you both can have a good time.And you'll remember these things when you're all old! [语篇解读]　本文主要向大家介绍如何在学校里做个好朋友。 5．While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings，you should ． A．give him or her some advice B．just listen unless asked C．calm him or her down D．share your feelings as well 解析　细节理解题。由第二段第二句话Don't say anything unless they ask you a question.可知选B。 答案　B 6．When we provide help for our friends，we should ． A．try to do everything for them B．put them before ourselves C．change their bad habits first D．ignore their faults 解析　细节理解题。由第三段第二句话You should try to put them first，but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do.可知选B。 答案　B 7．Which of the following can be put in the blank of the last paragraph? A．Make plans. B．Enjoy yourself. C．Understand your friends. D．Play with your friends. 解析　段落大意题。本段主要在介绍制订计划，文章的Try to make plans...也给了很好的提示。 答案　A 8．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to find a good friend. B．How to help friends in trouble. C．How to be a good friend. D．How to make more friends. 解析　主旨大意题。文章为“总——分”结构。由第一段可知，本文主要介绍如何在学校里做个好朋友，故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·浙江卷1月)While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 2 me on the train.My 3 friend spoke virtually no English，so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese. Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 5 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family.Perhaps most 7 ，however，was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.Without batting an eye he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I 10 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.But this highly informed， 12 ，and admirable person prevented me doing so.In the course of a couple of hours，he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind，and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。旅行途中，作者在火车上遇到一位年轻的中国当地小伙子，在与他的交谈中发现这个小伙子见多识广、勤奋努力、自学成才，最后作者对他表达了钦佩之情。 1．A.experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment 解析　根据下文中的“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，此处指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。experiment“实验”；encounter“邂逅，相遇”；competition“比赛”；appointment“任命”。故选B。 答案　B 2．A.treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 解析　根据下文中的“me on the train”以及两人的交谈可知，一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。treat“对待”；save“拯救”；lecture“演讲”；approach“靠近”。故选D。 答案　D 3．A.true B．so-called C．new D．long-lost 解析　根据上文中的“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。true“真的”；so-called“所谓的”；new“新的”；long-lost“久未见面的”。故选C。 答案　C 4．A.chance B．advice C．trouble D．right 解析　根据下文中的“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。chance“机会”；advice“建议”；trouble“麻烦”；right“权利”。故选A。 答案　A 5．A.visited B．financed C．attended D．founded 解析　根据下文中的“a two-year professional school”可知，这个年轻人上了一个为期两年的专业学校。visit“拜访”；finance“提供资金”；attend“参加，上(学)”；found“创立”。故选C。 答案　C 6．A.building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 解析　根据下文中的“this highway builder”可知，年轻人是公路建设者。build“修建”；sweep“打扫”；check“检查”；guard“守卫”。故选A。 答案　A 7．A.typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable 解析　根据下文中的“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最引人注目的。typical“典型的”；obvious“显然的”；natural“自然的”；remarkable“引人注目的”。故选D。 答案　D 8．A.publish B．quote C．copy D．download 解析　根据下文中的“a translated Emerson passage”可知，此处指引用爱默生的一段译文。publish“出版”；quote“引用”；copy“复制”；download“下载”。故选B。 答案　B 9．A.writers B．historians C．workers D．students 解析　根据上文中的“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及下文中的“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故此处表示询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。writer“作家”； historian“历史学家”；worker“工人”；student“学生”。故选A。 答案　A 10．A.anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch 解析　根据后文的“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。anticipate“预期”；imagine“想象”；recall“记起，回忆”；catch“抓住”。故选C。 答案　C 11．A.look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with 解析　根据后文的“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有到过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。look into“调查”；rely on“依靠”；go over“复习”；deal with“处理”。故选B。 答案　B 12．A.well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated 解析　此处呼应上文的“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”，表示这个年轻人自学成才。well-behaved“行为端正的”；multi-skilled“多技能的”； warm-hearted“热心的”； self-educated“自学的”。故选D。 答案　D 13．A.asked B．warned C．showed D．promised 解析　根据后文的“how much one can gain from...all walks of life”可知，年轻人向作者展示了一个人带着开放的心态和与各行各业的当地人交往的意愿旅行可以获得很多收获。ask“询问”；warn“警告”；show“展示”；promise“承诺”。故选C。 答案　C 14．A.traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching 解析　根据后文的“with an open mind，and a willingness”，再结合第一段的第一句可知，作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以此处指带着开放的心态旅行。travel“旅行”；read“阅读”；search“搜索”；teach“教学”。故选A。 答案　A 15．A.cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 解析　根据上文描述的作者与年轻人的交谈和后文的“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此处表示和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with“与……建立密切关系”。cooperate“合作”；side“支持”；negotiate“协商”。故选D。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$