Unit 2 We’re Family 单元语法讲练一般现在时和名词所有格 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）七年级英语上册

Unit 2 We’re Family 单元语法讲练 一般现在时和名词所有格 一. 一般现在时 表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 表示客观事实、真理或当前的状态。 1. 句型结构（肯定句） 一般现在时的句子中，动词会随着主语的人称和数发生变化。最重要的规则就是 “第三人称单数”。 · 当主语是 I / You / We / They 或复数名词（如my parents）时：动词用原形。 · I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。（习惯） · They play soccer after school. 他们放学后踢足球。（习惯） · We go to school by bus. 我们乘公交车去上学。（习惯） · 当主语是 He / She / It 或单数名词（如Tom, a cat）时：动词要变成 “第三人称单数形式”。 · He likes apples. 他喜欢苹果。 · She plays soccer. 她踢足球。 · My father goes to work by car. 我爸爸开车去上班。 【重要】第三人称单数动词的变化规则： 1. 一般情况下，直接在动词后加 -s。 · work works · play plays 2. 以 ch, sh, s, x, o 结尾的动词，加 -es。 · watch watches · wash washes · go goes 3. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i，再加 -es。 · study studies · carry carries · try tries 注意：如果是“元音字母 + y”，则直接加 -s，如：play plays 4. 特殊情况： have has 2. 否定句和疑问句 否定句和疑问句需要借助助动词 do 和 does。 句式 主语类型 结构 例句 否定句 I/You/We/They do not (don't) + 动词原形 They don't like coffee. He/She/It does not (doesn't) + 动词原形 He doesn't play tennis. 一般疑问句 I/You/We/They Do + 主语 + 动词原形...? Do you speak English? He/She/It Does + 主语 + 动词原形...? Does she live in Beijing? 记住： 一旦用了 doesn't 或 Does，后面的动词必须变回原形！ · 错误：He doesn't plays games. · 正确：He doesn't play games. 3. 常搭配的时间状语 · always (总是) · usually (通常) · often (经常) · sometimes (有时) · every day/week/morning (每天/每周/每天早上) 巩固练习题 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空（肯定句） 1. I _______ (get) up at 7:00 every day. 2. She _______ (go) to school by bike. 3. They _______ (watch) TV in the evening. 4. Tom _______ (study) English very hard. 5. We _______ (have) lunch at school. 6. The sun _______ (rise) in the east. 7. My mother _______ (wash) the dishes after dinner. 8. Birds _______ (fly) in the sky. 9. He _______ (do) his homework carefully. 10. The cat _______ (sleep) on the sofa. 二、将下列句子改为否定句 11. I know the answer. _____________________________________________________ 12. She lives in a small town. ________________________________________________ 13. They play basketball on weekends. _________________________________________ 14. He has a lot of books. ____________________________________________________ 15. We eat rice for dinner. ____________________________________________________ 三、将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答 16. You like music. _______________________________________________ 回答：____________________/ _________________________ 17. She works in a hospital. __________________________________________________ 回答：____________________________/ ________________________________ 18. They come from America. ________________________________________________________________ 回答：___________________________/ _________________________________ 19. He speaks Chinese well. ________________________________________________________________ 回答：_____________________________/ ______________________________ 20. The dog barks at night. ______________________________________________________________ 回答：______________________________/ _______________________________ 四、对划线部分提问 21. I usually go to the park on Sunday. __________________________________________________________ 22. She likes red. __________________________________________________________ 23. They play soccer after school. ______________________________________________________________ 24. My father goes to work by bus. ________________________________________________________________ 25. Lily does her homework in the evening. ________________________________________________________________ 五、综合填空（注意动词形式） 26. —______ your brother ______ (like) swimming? —Yes, he ______. 27. —What ______ you usually ______ (do) on weekends? —I often ______ (read) books. 28. My sister ______ (not drink) coffee. She ______ (drink) milk. 29. ______ the earth ______ (go) around the sun? 30. He ______ (watch) TV every day, but he ______ (not watch) it now. 六、改正句中的错误 31. She don't like math. _____________________ 32. He always play games after school. ____________________ 33. Does they live here? ___________________________ 34. My parents goes shopping on Sunday. _____________________________ 35. The child cry every night. _______________________________________ 七、翻译句子（使用一般现在时） 36. 我爸爸每天看报纸。 ______________________________________________ 37. 她不喜欢牛奶。 __________________________________________________ 38. 你经常去图书馆吗？ _______________________________________________ 39. 水在零度结冰(freeze)。 ___________________________________________________ 40. 猫吃鱼。 ___________________________________________________________ 八、综合选择题 41. Mike ______ his teeth twice a day. A. brush B. brushes C. brushing 42. ______ your sister ______ English? A. Do; speak B. Does; speaks C. Does; speak 43. They ______ to the park on foot. A. don't go B. doesn't go C. not go 44. What time ______ you ______ breakfast? A. do; has B. does; have C. do; have 45. —Where ______ Mr. Smith ? —He lives in London. A. does; live B. do; live C. does; lives 46. The moon ______ around the earth. A. move B. moves C. moving 47. My brother ______ homework every evening. A. doesn't do B. don't do C. doesn't does 48. — Anna often ______ her room? —Yes, she does. A. Do; clean B. Does; cleans C. Does; clean 49. I ______, but my sister ______. A. sing; dance B. sings; dances C. sing; dances 50. We ______ TV on school nights. A. don't watch B. doesn't watch C. not watch 练习题答案与解析 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. get (主语 I，动词用原形) 2. goes (主语 She，第三人称单数) 3. watch (主语 They，动词用原形) 4. studies (主语 Tom，第三人称单数，辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加es) 5. have (主语 We，动词用原形。have是特殊动词，第三人称单数为has) 6. rises (主语 The sun，第三人称单数，客观事实) 7. washes (主语 My mother，第三人称单数，以sh结尾，加es) 8. fly (主语 Birds，复数，动词用原形) 9. does (主语 He，第三人称单数。do的第三人称单数是does) 10. sleeps (主语 The cat，第三人称单数，直接加s) 二、改为否定句 11. I do not (don't) know the answer. 12. She does not (doesn't) live in a small town. 13. They do not (don't) play basketball on weekends. 14. He does not (doesn't) have a lot of books. 15. We do not (don't) eat rice for dinner. 三、改为一般疑问句及回答 16. Do you like music? -> Yes, I do. / No, I do not (don't). 17. Does she work in a hospital? -> Yes, she does. / No, she does not (doesn't). 18. Do they come from America? -> Yes, they do. / No, they do not (don't). 19. Does he speak Chinese well? -> Yes, he does. / No, he does not (doesn't). 20. Does the dog bark at night? -> Yes, it does. / No, it does not (doesn't). 四、对划线部分提问 21. When do you usually go to the park? (对时间提问用when) 22. What color does she like? (对颜色提问用what color) 23. What do they play after school? (对事物提问用what) 24. How does your father go to work? (对方式提问用how) 25. Who does her homework in the evening? (对人提问用who，注意动词用单数) 五、综合填空 26. Does; like; does (疑问句用Does开头，后面动词用原形like) 27. do; do; read (主语you，用do提问和回答，动词用原形) 28. doesn't drink; drinks (主语My sister是第三人称单数，否定用doesn't drink，肯定用drinks) 29. Does; go (主语The earth是第三人称单数，疑问句用Does开头，动词用原形go，客观事实) 30. watches; is not watching (前半句是习惯，用一般现在时watches；后半句有now，应用现在进行时is not watching，此题旨在对比时态) 六、改正错误 31. She doesn't like math. (主语She，否定用doesn't) 32. He always plays games after school. (主语He，动词要加s) 33. Do they live here? (主语They，疑问句用Do) 34. My parents go shopping on Sunday. (主语My parents是复数，动词用原形) 35. The child cries every night. (主语The child是第三人称单数，辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加es) 七、翻译句子 36. My father reads newspapers every day. 37. She doesn't like milk. 38. Do you often go to the library? 39. Water freezes at 0 degrees. (freeze的第三人称单数为freezes) 40. Cats eat fish. (客观事实，主语Cats是复数，动词用原形) 八、选择题 41. B (主语Mike是第三人称单数) 42. C (主语your sister是第三人称单数，疑问句用Does，后面动词用原形speak) 43. A (主语They，否定用don't go) 44. C (主语you，疑问句用Do，后面动词用原形have) 45. A (疑问句，主语Mr. Smith是第三人称单数，用Does，后面动词用原形live) 46. B (主语The moon是第三人称单数，客观事实) 47. A (主语My brother是第三人称单数，否定用doesn't do。do homework里的do是实义动词) 48. C (主语Anna是第三人称单数，疑问句用Does，后面动词用原形clean) 49. C (前半句主语I，动词用原形sing；后半句主语my sister，动词用第三人称单数dances) 50. A (主语We，否定用don't watch) 二. 名词所有格 1. 表示有生命的事物的所有格（'s 所有格） · 单数名词：在词尾加 's · the boy's bike 那个男孩的自行车 · Tom's book 汤姆的书 · my sister's room 我姐姐的房间 · The cat's tail is long. 猫的尾巴很长。 · 以-s结尾的复数名词：在词尾只加 ' · the students' classroom 学生们的教室 · my parents' car 我父母的车 · The teachers' office is there. 老师们的办公室在那里。 · 不以-s结尾的不规则复数名词：在词尾加 's · the children's toys 孩子们的玩具 · men's shoes 男式鞋 · women's day 妇女节 2. 表示无生命的事物的所有格（of 所有格） 通常用 “of + 名词” 的结构来表示无生命事物的所有关系。 · the door of the room 房间的门 · the name of the movie 电影的名字 · the color of the car 车的颜色 · The legs of the table are short. 桌子的腿很短。 【特别注意】 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可以用 's。 · today's newspaper 今天的报纸 · ten minutes' walk 十分钟的步行路程 · China's population 中国的人口 · Beijing's weather 北京的天气 3. 双重所有格 结构：of + 名词所有格 或 of + 名词性物主代词 用来表示“...中的一个/些”，带有感情色彩。 · a friend of my father's (= one of my father's friends) 我父亲的一位朋友 · a book of mine (= one of my books) 我的一本书 4. 表示共同所有和分别所有 · Lucy and Lily's room (两人共有的一个房间) 露西和莉莉的房间 · Lucy's and Lily's rooms (两人各自拥有的房间，两个房间) 露西的房间和莉莉的房间 巩固练习题 一、用 's 或 ' 或 of 结构填空 1. This is my ________ (sister) book. 2. The ________ (children) mother is a doctor. 3. These are the ________ (boys) basketballs. 4. The name ________ this school is No. 1 Middle School. 5. Today ________ (today) homework is easy. 6. The tail ________ the dog is short. 7. ________ (Jim and Tom) room is very big. 8. It's about ten ________ (minutes) walk from here. 9. This is a picture ________ my family. 1. I like ________ (Mary) new bike. 二、选择正确的答案 11. This is ________ room. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy and Lily's 12. These are ________ rooms. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily's C. Lucy and Lily's 13. The ________ shoes are under the bed. A. boy B. boy's C. boys' 14. The ________ shoes are on sale. A. men B. men's C. mens' 15. This is a book of ________. A. my brother B. my brother's C. my brothers 三、改为所有格形式 16. the bike of the boy _____________________________________ 17. the toys of the children __________________________________ 18. the books of the students __________________________________ 19. the room of my parents ___________________________________ 20. the voice of a woman ___________________________________ 四、翻译句子（使用所有格） 21. 我爸爸的朋友 _____________________________________________ 22. 学生们的老师 _____________________________________________ 23. 教室的门 _________________________________________________ 24. 十分钟的休息时间 _________________________________________ 25. 她姐姐的生日 _____________________________________________ 五、找出句中错误并改正 26. This is Toms bag. _______________________ 27. The childrens' books are interesting. ___________________ 28. This is a friend of me. _______________________________ 29. This is Mary and Ann's mother. ____________________ 30. the leg of the chair's _____________________________ 六、综合填空 31. ________ (John) father is a policeman. 32. The ________ (teachers) dining hall is over there. 33. The color ________ my pen is blue. 34. ________ (China) flag is red. 35. He is a cousin ________ my mother's. 36. This is ________ (my sister) bedroom. 37. The ________ (dog) name is Lucky. 38. I need to buy some ________ (women) clothes. 39. The window ________ the room is open. 40. ________ (yesterday) news was exciting. 七、连词成句 41. is / This / book / Mike's / . __________________________________________________ 42. parents' / are / My / at / home / . _______________________________________________ 43. of / the / name / What / is / the / song / ? ________________________________________ 44. children / The / room / is / toys / full of / . _______________________________________ 45. ten / It's / walk / minutes' / school / to / . ________________________________________ 八、根据上下文完成对话 A: Is this 46. ________ (Lucy) pencil? B: No, it isn't. It's 47. ________ (Lily). 48. ________ (Lucy) pencil is blue. A: Look at that bike. Is it 49. ________ (Mike and John)? B: No, it's only 50. ________ (Mike). John's bike is black. 练习题答案与解析 一、用 's 或 ' 或 of 结构填空 1. sister's (单数名词，表示“姐姐的”) 2. children's (不规则复数名词children，加 's) 3. boys' (以-s结尾的复数名词，加 ') 4. of (无生命事物“学校的名字”) 5. today's (时间名词，可用 's) 6. of (无生命事物“狗的尾巴”) 7. Jim and Tom's (两人共同拥有的一个房间) 8. minutes' (以-s结尾的复数名词，表示时间，加 ') 9. of (无生命事物“一张家庭的照片”) 10. Mary's (单数名词，表示“玛丽的”) 二、选择正确的答案 11. C (两人共有一个房间) 12. B (两人各自拥有房间，分别所有) 13. B (句意“男孩的鞋”，单数男孩，用boy's) 14. B (men是复数但不以s结尾，用men's) 15. B (双重所有格结构，a book of my brother's) 三、改为所有格形式 16. the boy's bike 17. the children's toys 18. the students' books 19. my parents' room (parents是以-s结尾的复数名词) 20. a woman's voice (有生命事物，也可以用the voice of a woman) 四、翻译句子 21. my father's friend 或 a friend of my father's 22. the students' teacher 23. the door of the classroom 24. ten minutes' break 25. her sister's birthday 五、找出句中错误并改正 26. Tom's (单数名词Tom，所有格是Tom's) 27. children's (children是不规则复数，所有格是children's) 28. mine (双重所有格要用名词性物主代词，a friend of mine) 29. Mary and Ann's (两人共有一个母亲，正确) 30. the chair's leg 或 the leg of the chair (无生命事物通常用of结构，但家具有时也可用 's，原句 leg of the chair's 是错误结构) 六、综合填空 31. John's (单数名词) 32. teachers' (以-s结尾的复数名词) 33. of (无生命事物“钢笔的颜色”) 34. China's (国家名，可用 's) 35. of (双重所有格结构，a cousin of my mother's) 36. my sister's (单数名词) 37. dog's (单数名词) 38. women's (不规则复数名词) 39. of (无生命事物“房间的窗户”) 40. Yesterday's (时间名词，可用 's) 七、连词成句 41. This is Mike's book. 42. My parents are at home. (注意：parents是复数，意思是“父母”，不是所有格。句中没有所有关系，不需要加 ') 43. What is the name of the song? 44. The children's room is full of toys. 45. It's ten minutes' walk to school. 八、根据上下文完成对话 46. Lucy's (问“这是露西的铅笔吗？”) 47. Lily's (回答“不，是莉莉的。”) 48. Lucy's (补充说明“露西的铅笔是蓝色的。”) 49. Mike and John's (问“那是迈克和约翰（共有）的车吗？”) 50. Mike's (回答“不，只是迈克的。”) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$