Unit 6 Seasons同步讲义（下）（Grammar～Integration） 2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 6 Seasons同步讲义（下） 重点单词： 1. 身高,高度 n. __________ 2. 秒 abbr. __________ 3. 测验,考查;试验 n. __________ 4. 羽毛球运动 n. __________ 5. 然而 adv. __________ 6. 气球 n. __________ 7. 攻击,袭击 vi. & vt. __________ 8. 一……就,一旦 conj. __________ 9. 秘密的 adj. __________ 10. (bad 的比较级)更差的 adj. __________ →(bad 的最高级)最差的 adj. __________ 11. 害怕,恐惧 adj. __________ →惊吓;害怕 v. __________ →恐怖的;吓人的 adj. __________ 12. 搏斗,打斗;为……斗争 vt. & vi. __________ →战士;斗争者 n. __________ 13. 死的 adj. __________ →死;凋谢;消失;灭亡 v. __________ →死(亡);终结;破灭 n. __________ →临终的;垂死的 adj. __________ 14. 危险 n. __________ →危险的 adj. __________ →濒危的,濒临灭绝的 adj. __________ 15. 勇敢的 adj. __________ →勇敢地 adv. __________ 16. 听者;听众 n. __________ →听 v. __________ 17. 点头 vi. & vt. __________ →(过去式) __________ →(过去分词) __________ →(现在分词) __________ 18. 情感;感觉 n. __________ →感觉;认为;触摸 v. __________ 19. 有耐心的 adj. __________ →有耐心地;能忍耐地 adv. __________ →不耐烦的,没有耐心的 adj. __________ 20. 体贴的;深思的 adj. __________ →沉思地;深思熟虑地;体贴地 adv. __________ →想;认为,觉得 v. __________ 重点短语： 1. 与某人和睦相处,关系良好 2. 爬上 3. 接近;靠近 4. 确保;设法保证 5. 关心;在意;在乎;担忧 6. 时不时地 7. 逐渐了解 8. 看到事情好的一面;乐观地看待;往好的方面想 重点句子： 1. 突然,他们看到一只熊朝他们走来。 2. 他知道自己无法独自与熊对抗,于是就躺在了地上。 3. 它说真正的朋友在危险时刻不应该丢下你不管。 Grammar 语法精讲 简单句有如下几种基本句型。 主语+系动词+表语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Predicative，简称：S+V+P。 常见的系动词有表示状态的 be；表示变化的 become、grow、turn、fall、get；表示感官的 look、feel、smell、sound、taste 等。 例 The room is small. 房间很小。 （广西柳州中考） 例 The food tastes delicious. 这个食物尝起来不错。 （甘肃酒泉一模） 主语+不及物动词 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb，简称：S+V。大多数动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，纯不及物动词很少。 常见的有 arrive、come、die、disappear、happen、rise 等。 例 They are working. 他们在工作。 （广西柳州中考） 主语+及物动词+宾语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Object，简称：S+V+O。英语中绝大多数及物动词只带一个宾语，这种动词叫单宾语及物动词。 常见的有 borrow、cover、discover、enjoy、forget、guess、invent、use、put、love、know、raise、destroy 等。 例 Kate returned the bike (on time). 凯特(按时)把自行车归还了。 （河北中考） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Indirect Object+Direct Object，简称：S+V+IO+DO。间接宾语一般是有生命的；直接宾语一般是物。 例 My father bought me a birthday present. =My father bought a birthday present for me. 我爸爸给我买了一份生日礼物。 （重难点） 间接宾语一般位于直接宾语的前面，有时它们也可交换位置，这时要在间接宾语的前面加上介词 to 或 for。当谓语动词是 give、pass、send、show、bring、offer、tell 等时，就在间接宾语的前面加上介词 to。当谓语动词是 buy、find、make 等时，就在间接宾语的前面加上介词 for。 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Object+Object Complement，简称：S+V+O+OC。 宾语补足语常由名词、形容词、动词不定式等充当。 例 Music makes people feel good! 音乐使人感觉很好！ （贵州黔南州中考） 语法小练习 1. “I bought a toy car yesterday.” The sentence structure is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O+OC 2. The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English at school.” is ______. A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P 3. What is the sentence pattern (句型) of the sentence “The little girl gave me a big smile.”? A. S+V +IO+ DO B. S+V +O C. S+V+O+OC D. S+V+P 4. What is the sentence pattern of "Mr. Tao teaches English" A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V C. S+V+P D. S+V+O 5. What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “We must keep our classroom clean.”? A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O 6. “______” has the same structure as “We will make the world a better place for children.” A. Volunteers often offer help in poor areas. B. The farmer is making his son a wooden toy. C. We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count. D. Models wore colourful clothes from different times in the 20th century. 7. The leaves have turned yellow. A. 谓语 B. 表语 C. 宾语 D. 定语 8. We must keep our classroom clean. A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 定语 D. 宾语补足语 9. He told me not to make noise here. A. 间接宾语 B. 直接宾语 C. 宾补 D. 表语 10. I do not know ______. A. who will teach our English next term B. who our English will teach next term C. who will teach us English next term D. whom will teach us English next term 11. The sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work”. A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC 12. Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday. A. 表语 B. 直接宾语 C. 间接宾语 D. 主语 13. What's the sentence structure of the sentence "We often hear Simon sing English songs."? A. S+V+O B. S+V +P C. S+V+DO +OC D. S+V +IO +DO 知识梳理 1. The wind is blowing hard. 风正猛烈地吹着。 blow〔动词〕吹,刮;吹(气)(过去式:blew) blow 可用作及物动词或不及物动词。 blow out 吹灭 blow (sth) off... (把某物) 从…… 吹掉 You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water. 你能看到风吹过树木，吹过水面。(blow 为不及物动词) He blew onto his coffee to cool it down. 他吹着咖啡让它凉下来。(blow 为不及物动词) The wind blew the door open. 风把门吹开了。(blow 为及物动词) The boy made a wish and blew out the candles. 男孩许了个愿，然后吹灭了蜡烛。(blow 为及物动词) The woman blew the dust off the shelf. 那个女士把架子上的灰尘吹掉了。(blow 为及物动词) 真题链接（扬州广陵区期末） 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 The wind ______ hard last night, making trees move and leaves fly around. (吹;刮) 2. Winter arrives. 冬天来临。 (1)arrive〔不及物动词〕发生;到来 Spring has arrived, and the flowers are blooming everywhere. 春天到了，花儿到处盛开。 The wedding day finally arrived. 婚礼这一天终于到来。 (2) 辨析:arrive, get 与 reach 三者都可表示“到达”，但用法不同。 单词 意思 例句 arrive不及物动词，后面需加介词at 或 in arrive in到达较大的地方如城市，国家，地区 when does the train arrive at the station? arrive at到达较小地方 如车站，邮局，学校 We arrive in Shanghai this morning reach及物动词 后面可直接跟表示地点的名词 They reach Beijing this morning get不及物动词 后需接介词to Write to us when you get to the place. The American students arrived in Beijing yesterday. 那些美国学生昨天到达了北京。 We can arrive at the train station at two o’clock. 我们能在两点钟抵达火车站。 Write to me when you get to Chongqing. 到了重庆给我写信。 I usually get home at half past five in the afternoon. 我通常在下午五点半到家。 He reached Shanghai last month. 他上个月到达了上海。 注意 arrive, get 和 reach 表示“到达”……时在句中可相互替换。 They arrived in/got to/reached Nanjing yesterday morning. 他们昨天上午到达了南京。 即学即练： -Could you tell me when she will the airport? -Well, before 5 p.m. Then she will ____ your home as soon as possible. A. arrive; reach B. arrive at; reach at C. arrive; reach at D. arrive at; reach 3. The sun shines. 阳光照耀。 shine〔不及物动词〕发光,照耀(过去式:shone) The sun is shining and it’s very warm. 阳光照耀着，天气很暖和。 Her eyes are shining with excitement. 她兴奋得两眼放光。 4. The flowers smell wonderful. 花朵芬芳馥郁。 smell ①〔连系动词〕有(或发出) ……气味，其后接形容词作表语。 The flowers smell good. 这些花儿闻起来很香。 ②〔及物动词〕嗅到,闻到 I think I smell gas. 我想我闻到了煤气味。 ③〔可数名词〕气味 It gives off a nice smell. 它散发出芳香的气味。 真题链接（无锡中考） —Dad, what’s for dinner? It ______ nice! —I’m cooking chicken soup. A. tastes B. smells C. looks D. feels Word power Noun + Suffix → Adjective 名词+后缀→形容词 cloud 云+y→cloudy 多云的 wind 风+y→windy 多风的 rain 雨+y→rainy 阴雨的 snow 雪+y→snowy 下雪多的 sun 太阳+y→sunny 晴朗的 fog 雾+y→foggy 有雾的 Noun + Suffix → Adjective 名词+后缀 → 形容词 luck 运气 + y → lucky 幸运的 health 健康 + y → healthy 健康的 sleep 睡眠 + y → sleepy 困倦的 shine 光泽 + y → shiny 有光泽的 noise 噪声 + y → noisy 嘈杂的 fun 乐趣 + y → funny 有趣的 1. It makes them look a bit funny. 这让他们看起来有点儿滑稽。 辨析:a bit 与 a little ①二者修饰形容词或副词原级、比较级时，意为“有点儿；稍微”，可以互换。 a bit/a little hot 有点儿热 He is a bit/a little taller than me. 他比我高一点儿。 ②二者修饰名词时，意为“一点儿；少量”，其区别为： a bit 修饰名词时其后须加 of，即“a bit of + 不可数名词”，a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。 a bit of milk = a little milk 一点儿牛奶 ③a little 还可作不定代词使用，而 a bit 不可。 —Can you speak Chinese? 你会说汉语吗？ —Yes, a little. 是的，会一点儿。 ④二者与 not 连用时，意思差别很大。 not a bit = not... at all 一点儿也不；毫不 not a little = very (much) 很；非常 I’m not a bit happy. 我一点儿也不快乐。 I’m not a little happy. 我很快乐。 2. The heat of the sun makes people sleepy in the afternoon. 午后太阳的热度让人困倦。 heat ①〔不可数名词〕热，其形容词形式为 hot (热的)。 The sun gives us light and heat. 太阳给我们光和热。 ②〔动词〕使变热，加热 Heat the tomatoes and oil in a pan. 在平底锅里将西红柿和油加热。 3. The sudden heavy rain may bring lots of problems. 突如其来的大雨可能会带来许多问题。 sudden〔形容词〕突然的，其副词形式是 suddenly，意为“突然地”。 all of a sudden = suddenly 突然，猛地 We all got wet with the sudden heavy rain. 突降的大雨把我们都淋湿了。 All of a sudden, the lights went out. 突然，灯灭了。 真题链接（无锡锡山区期末） 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 There was a ______ (突然) storm and we had to rush inside. 4. Some people like to have a short trip around the city at the weekend. 有些人喜欢在周末去城市周边进行短途旅行。 have a trip 去旅行，与 take a trip 或 go on a trip 同义。 have a short trip 进行短途旅行 have/take/go on a trip to... 去……旅行 Are you planning to have/take/go on a trip next month? 你们计划下个月去旅行吗？ Integration 1. In ancient times, Chinese people noticed the changes in seasons and weather. 在古代，中国人就注意到季节和天气的变化。 notice ①〔动词〕注意到；意识到，主要用法如下： notice sth/sb 注意到某物/某人 I didn’t notice him at that time. 那时我没有注意到他。 notice sb do/doing sth 注意到某人做了/正在做某事 I noticed Jim get into the teachers’ office. 我注意到吉姆进了老师的办公室。 I noticed some students getting off the bus when I walked past the school. 我路过学校的时候，注意到有些学生正在下公共汽车。 notice + that 从句 注意到…… She noticed that the old man had trouble breathing. 她注意到那位老人呼吸困难。 ②〔可数名词〕布告，通知 There is a notice on the blackboard. 黑板上有一则通知。 ③〔不可数名词〕注意 take (no) notice of... (不) 注意……；(不) 理会…… He always takes no notice of others. 他总是不理会别人。 2. They divided the year into 24 parts—this is the 24 Solar Terms. 他们将一年分为 24 个部分，即二十四节气。 divide〔动词〕(使) 分开；分成，指把整体分成若干部分。 divide...into 把……分成……（被动结构 be divided into 被分成……） He divided the cake among the children. 他把这个蛋糕分给了孩子们。 The teacher divided the students in his class into two teams. 老师把他班里的学生分成两队。 3. The terms start with the Beginning of Spring and end with the Major Cold. 节气从立春开始，到大寒结束。 end ①〔不及物动词〕结束；终止，其主语通常是事物。 end with 以……结束 Our morning classes end at 11:50. 我们上午的课程在 11:50 结束。 The road ends here. 这条路到此为止。 Her note ended with the words “See you soon”. 她的便条以“再见”结束。 ②〔及物动词〕结束；终止，主语通常是人。 end...with... 以……结束…… She ended the party with a song. 她以一首歌结束了聚会。 ③〔名词〕结束；结尾 at the end of 在……尽头 in the end 最后 You can see a park at the end of the road. 在这条路的尽头，你能看到一个公园。 In the end, I got enough money. 最后，我得到了足够的钱。 4. They show changes in crop growth, temperature, as well as other weather conditions. 它们体现了农作物生长、气温以及其他天气状况的变化。 (1)change ①〔可数名词〕变化，改变 The change in our country is great. 我们国家的变化很大。 ②〔不可数名词〕零头，零钱 Here’s your change. 给你零钱。 ③〔动词〕改变，变化 change...into... 把……变为…… change into 变成…… He wants to change his plan. 他想改变他的计划。 The weather changes very often in Britain. 在英国，天气经常变化。 He changes white into black. 他把白色变成了黑色。 Ice can change into water in the sun. 在阳光下冰可以变成水。 (2)growth〔不可数名词〕 ①生长，发育，成长 Lack of water will stunt the plant’s growth. 缺水会妨碍植物生长。 ②增加；增长；增强 population growth 人口增长 (3)as well as ①除……之外，也，还，用来连接两个并列的成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面。连接主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。 Living things need air and sunlight as well as water. 生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。 She is a talented musician as well as being an artist. 她不但是个画家，而且还是个天才的音乐家。 Tom, as well as Jane and Mike, goes to school by bus. 除了简和迈克，汤姆也乘公共汽车去上学。 ②和……一样好 Lily dances as well as Lisa. 莉莉跳舞跳得和莉萨一样好。 真题链接（无锡江阴澄西期中） —What do you think good friends are like? —Good friends should share your trouble ______ your joy. A. so well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as well as 5. The terms also have important cultural meanings beyond farming. 节气在农事之外也有着重要的文化意义。 ★beyond〔介词〕超出，除……之外 Our success was far beyond what we thought possible. 我们的成功远远超出了我们的估计范围。 The twins had no experience beyond school training. 除了受过学校的培训，这对双胞胎毫无经验。 6. Some of them are connected with traditional festivals. 有些节气与传统节日有关。 (1)be connected with 与……有联系，和……有关，与 be connected to 同义。 I realise that food is so closely connected with its local culture. 我意识到食物与其当地的文化密切相关。 (2)connect ①〔及物动词〕把……联系起来 connect...with... 把……和……联系起来 Don’t connect him with the matter. 不要把他和那件事联系起来。 ②〔动词〕(使) 连接 connect...with/to... 把……和……连接 A railway connects Beijing with Shanghai. 一条铁路连接北京和上海。 First connect the printer to the computer. 首先把打印机与计算机接通。 ❤拓展 connection〔名词〕联系，关联；连接 There’s a connection between pollution and the death of trees. 污染和树木的死亡之间有关系。 7. They have had a positive effect on Chinese culture for thousands of years. 数千年来，它们对中国文化产生了积极影响。 effect〔名词〕 ①影响；结果 have a(n)...effect on 对……有……影响（effect 前常用形容词修饰） have no effect on 对……没有影响 The computer has had a big effect on us. 计算机已经对我们产生了很大的影响。 ②效果 take effect 开始产生效果 The medicine took effect and the pain disappeared. 药产生了效果，疼痛消失了。 真题链接（无锡省锡中实验学校三模） 根据所给汉语提示完成句子。 在中国古代，二十四节气对中国传统农业有很大的影响。 In ancient China, the 24 Solar Terms ______ traditional Chinese agriculture. 8. Average temperature 平均温度 average ①〔形容词〕平均的，常在名词前作定语。 an average price 平均价格 The car runs at an average speed of 80 kilometres per hour. 小汽车以平均每小时 80 千米的速度行驶。 ②〔形容词〕普通的；平常的；一般的 I’m just an average student. 我只是一个普通学生。 ③〔名词〕平均水平；一般水准 on average 平均来看 In this city, it rains about 80 days a year on average. 在这个城市，平均每年下雨约 80 天。 9. Advice for going outside 外出建议 advice〔不可数名词〕建议，忠告，劝告 a/one piece of advice 一条建议 give sb some advice on...给某人一些关于……的建议 ask for advice 征求意见 follow/take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议 What useful advice it is! 它是多么有用的建议啊！ I’ll give you some advice on how to look after your pet dog. 我将就怎样照顾你的宠物狗给你一些建议。 真题链接（盐城中考） Please give me some ______ on how to spend the coming weekend. A. space B. advice C. praise D. courage 10. It’s difficult to get around the city with so much snow. 这么大的雪，在城里出行可难了。 get around 各处走动，around 可用作介词或副词，意为“到处，向各处”。此处的 around 用作介词，此时 get around 后接表示地点的词或短语。around 用作副词时，get around 后不接宾语。 They got around the town looking for a place to eat. 他们在城里到处寻找吃饭的地方。(around 用作介词) This is a beautiful place. Let’s get around. 这是个美丽的地方。咱们四处转转吧。 11. I can order things for you online, Grandpa. 爷爷，我可以在网上给您订购东西。 order ①〔动词〕订购 order sth from... 从……订购某物 order sb sth = order sth for sb 为某人订购某物 They ordered some books from the bookshop. 他们从书店里订购了一些书。 I ordered you a large pizza. = I ordered a large pizza for you. 我给你订了一个大比萨饼。 ②〔动词〕点(酒、菜等) The professor ordered himself a cup of coffee. 这位教授给自己点了一杯咖啡。 ③〔及物动词〕命令 order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 He ordered that soldier to stand there. 他命令那个战士站在那儿。 ④〔名词〕点单;所订的货物 May I take your order? 您现在点菜吗? The toy order arrived yesterday. 订购的玩具昨天到货了。 ⑤〔名词〕命令;顺序; the order to do sth 做某事的命令 in order 按顺序 The officer gave the order to set off. 军官发出了出发的命令。 In the twelve Chinese animal signs, the Tiger is the third in order. 在中国的12生肖中,老虎排在第三位。 12. Feel free to call us if you need help. 要是您需要帮忙,随时给我们打电话。 feel free (to do sth) 随便(做某事) Feel free to eat dinner here any time! (你)随时都可以来这里吃饭! —Can I use the phone? 我能用一下电话吗? —Please, feel free. 请便吧。 13. Take care, Grandpa. 爷爷,您保重。 take care ①保重 用于向家人或朋友道别。 Take care! See you next week! 保重!下周见! ②小心,注意 可单独使用,表示提醒或警示等语气,相当于look out或be careful;也可跟动词不定式或从句。 Take care! The ice is thin. 小心!冰很薄。 Take care not to break the glass. 小心不要把玻璃杯打碎了。 Take care (that) you don’t cross the road when the traffic lights are red. 当交通信号灯是红色时,当心不要横穿马路。 ❤拓展 take care of 照顾,照看(=look after) Who will take care of the babies? 谁将照顾这些婴儿? 14. Everything is covered in deep white snow. 一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖了。 deep 〔形容词〕深的 可在句中作定语或表语。 Don’t go into the deep water. It’s dangerous. 不要到深水里去。那危险。 The hole is very deep. 这个洞很深。 ❤拓展 ①“基数词 + metre(s)/foot/feet/... + deep”表示“有……深”。 The water is one metre deep. 这水有一米深。 ②deeply〔副词〕深深地 Students love Chinese paper-cutting and Chinese opera deeply. 学生们深深地爱上了中国剪纸和中国戏曲。 课后练习 一．词汇题 1. As the bright moon (shine) over the sea, you share this moment with me from far away. 2. [2025 江苏南京期中] The cake (smell) so good that everyone wanted to have a bit of it. 3. [2025 江苏镇江调研] The rain (sudden) began to pour and we had no time to find cover. 4. There was a strong wind last night and it (blow) the clouds away. 5. [2025 江苏无锡期中] It's reported that a deep breath often (help) when you feel stressed. 6. Our new class teacher is a kind and handsome man of (平均的) height. 7. It is said that laughter can reduce the (影响) of pain on the body. 8. [2025 江苏徐州期中] The bright (阳光) goes through the window and makes the room warm. 9. [2025 江苏泰州期中] There's an /'ɔːfl/ smell in the kitchen. Let's open the window. 10. Jason forgot to bring an umbrella with him and got /wet/ on his way home. 2. 请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 6. Eating fruit and vegetables is good for your _ (grow) and helps you stay fit. 7. [2025 江苏连云港调研] These _ (freeze) foods are the most convenient of all. 8. The movie has a moving _ (end), and the audience cried in the theatre. 9. Lily wrote down some notes on a piece of paper, but her mother _ (throw) it by mistake. 10. [2025 江苏无锡期中] This high - speed railway _ (connect) the town to many places in the country. It is convenient. 二．单项选择 1. ( ) [2025 江苏宿迁期中] Which is the sentence structure of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A. S + V + O B. S + V + P C. S + V D. S + V + IO + DO 2. ( ) The structure of the sentence “Autumn leaves turn brown.” is _. A. S + V B. S + V + O C. S + V + P D. S + V + DO + OC 3. ( ) The sentence structure of “The bird is singing happily.” is _. A. S + V + DO + OC B. S + V C. S + V + IO + DO D. S + V + P 4. ( ) [2025 江苏扬州调研] Sandy is my best friend. To me, our friendship is _ money. A. with B. off C. beyond D. under 5. ( ) [2025 江苏淮安期中] Young people used to _ takeout food online, but now more and more get used to cooking at home. A. make B. order C. cook D. bring 6. ( ) —The “20 - minute Park Effect” has become a hit these days. —Some believe that getting close to nature has a _ influence on people's health. A. serious B. positive C. heavy D. quiet 7. ( ) The _ book has so many pages. I can't finish reading it in a few days. A. thick B. bright C. weak D. deep 8. ( ) —My ball fell into the hole. Could you give me a hand? —The hole is too _. It's hard to get it without tools. A. dry B. deep C. awful D. far 三．完成句子 1. [2025 江苏镇江调研] 那个盲人不得不依靠导盲犬安全地四处走动。 、 The blind man has to rely on a guide dog to safely. 2. 在扔掉垃圾之前，我们应该将其分成不同的种类。 Before throwing away the rubbish, we should it different kinds. 3. [2025 江苏宿迁期中] 因特网与我们的日常生活紧密相连。 The Internet closely our daily life. 4. 我们不能期盼她既做家务又照顾孩子。 We can't expect her to do the housework looking after the children. 5.  ——我这周末要去短途旅行。 ——那听起来很有趣！保重，玩得开心。 —I'm going on a short trip this weekend. —That sounds fun! and enjoy yourself. 四．阅读理解 [原创] In spring, China has warm weather. The average temperature during the daytime is 13 degrees Celsius (摄氏度) and 3 degrees Celsius at night. In the North, spring comes late and lasts for less than three months. And in cities like Beijing, there isn't clear difference between spring and winter. In Southern China, spring gets gradually warmer and the daytime becomes longer. Opposite of the North, the South experiences a beautiful spring although with a bit of rain here and there. During summer, June and July are the hottest months in China. The places that experience the true summer heat the most are cities. In August, the temperature starts to _ in preparation for autumn. But perhaps summer is better known in China not for its heat but its wetness. Summer is the main time in China for typhoons and summer rain. Autumn lasts from September to November in China and is one of the most amazing seasons. From beautiful views to perfect weather, autumn is one of the best times to travel. On average, the daily temperature during fall never exceeds 26 degrees Celsius in September, 20 degrees Celsius in October and 10 degrees Celsius in November in Beijing. In China, winter is from December to February. It's a bit warmer in Southern and Central China than in the North. There's little snow in winter outside Northern China. The temperature almost always feels colder than it actually is. What's known as Tropical (热带的) China is in the very south of the country, and there, winter almost doesn't exist. ( ) 1. What do we know from the last sentence of the first paragraph? A. The North doesn't rain in spring. B. It may rain heavily in the South in spring. C. The South is as beautiful as the North. D. It rains a little in the South in spring. ( ) 2. [新考法 内容回填] Which word can be filled in the blank in the second paragraph? A. drop B. rise C. throw D. blow ( ) 3. Why can we say autumn is one of the best times to travel? A. Because more people will choose this time to travel. B. Because the tour cost is never too high. C. Because it has beautiful views and perfect weather. D. Because it may either rain or snow in some places. ( ) 4. How is the weather in Southern and Central China in winter compared with that of Northern China? A. Warm. B. Wet. C. Snowy. D. Windy. ( ) 5. [新考法 文章出处] In which column of a magazine can we read this text? A. Sports. B. Health. C. Education. D. Nature. 五．阅读还原 [2025 江苏无锡调研] The clouds in the sky are changing all the time. They have different shapes in different people's eyes. Some of them are like feathers, flying in the air. Some are like a big quilt, covering the whole sky. 1 Sometimes clouds can make the sky very beautiful and lovely. 2 A few minutes ago, the clouds were smiling in small pieces while the sun was shining. But a few minutes later, the clouds became dark. 3 When different clouds hang in the sky, different kinds of weather will appear. There is much experience from the elders. High and thin clouds in the sky are often the beginning of the clear weather. 4 Next time, you can try watching the clouds by yourself. Clouds can help us know about the weather and predict (预知) the weather changes. Weather plays an important part in our life, especially to animals and the farmers. 5 However, the changes of the weather are not very easy to make sure, and there are mistakes only by seeing the clouds in the sky. Usually, people have to listen to the weather report. A. We can't see clouds at night. B. Clouds are the signs of the weather. C. And they are also like mountains, rivers or lions. D. But sometimes they might make the sky dark. E. Those low and thick clouds often bring rain or snow. F. We may learn to see the clouds and know the weather changes. G. It's better for you to take an umbrella with you whenever you go out. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 Seasons同步讲义（下） 重点单词： 1. 身高,高度 n. height 2. 秒 abbr. sec.（second 的缩写） 3. 测验,考查;试验 n. test 4. 羽毛球运动 n. badminton 5. 然而 adv. however 6. 气球 n. balloon 7. 攻击,袭击 vi. & vt. attack 8. 一……就,一旦 conj. once 9. 秘密的 adj. secret 10. (bad 的比较级)更差的 adj. worse ；(bad 的最高级)最差的 adj. worst 11. 害怕,恐惧 adj. afraid ；惊吓;害怕 v. frighten ； 恐怖的;吓人的 adj. frightening 12. 搏斗,打斗;为……斗争 vt. & vi. fight ；战士;斗争者 n. fighter 13. 死的 adj. dead ；死;凋谢;消失;灭亡 v. die ；死(亡);终结;破灭 n. death ；临终的;垂死的 adj. dying 14. 危险 n. danger ；危险的 adj. dangerous ； 濒危的,濒临灭绝的 adj. endangered 15. 勇敢的 adj. brave ；勇敢地 adv. bravely 16. 听者;听众 n. listener ；听 v. listen 17. 点头 vi. & vt. nod ；(过去式) nodded ；(过去分词) nodded ； (现在分词) nodding 18. 情感;感觉 n. feeling ；感觉;认为;触摸 v. feel 19. 有耐心的 adj. patient ；有耐心地;能忍耐地 adv. patiently ； 不耐烦的,没有耐心的 adj. impatient 20. 体贴的;深思的 adj. thoughtful ； 沉思地;深思熟虑地;体贴地 adv. thoughtfully ；想;认为,觉得 v. think 重点短语： 1. 与某人和睦相处,关系良好 get on/along well with sb. 2. 爬上 climb up 3. 接近;靠近 get close to 4. 确保;设法保证 make sure 5. 关心;在意;在乎;担忧 care about 6. 时不时地 from time to time 7. 逐渐了解 get to know 8. 看到事情好的一面;乐观地看待;往好的方面想 look on the bright side 重点句子： 1. 突然,他们看到一只熊朝他们走来。 Suddenly, they saw a bear coming towards them. 2. 他知道自己无法独自与熊对抗,于是就躺在了地上。 He knew he couldn't fight the bear alone, so he lay on the ground. 3. 它说真正的朋友在危险时刻不应该丢下你不管。 It says that a true friend should not leave you in danger. Grammar 语法精讲 简单句有如下几种基本句型。 主语+系动词+表语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Predicative，简称：S+V+P。 常见的系动词有表示状态的 be；表示变化的 become、grow、turn、fall、get；表示感官的 look、feel、smell、sound、taste 等。 例 The room is small. 房间很小。 （广西柳州中考） 例 The food tastes delicious. 这个食物尝起来不错。 （甘肃酒泉一模） 主语+不及物动词 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb，简称：S+V。大多数动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，纯不及物动词很少。 常见的有 arrive、come、die、disappear、happen、rise 等。 例 They are working. 他们在工作。 （广西柳州中考） 主语+及物动词+宾语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Object，简称：S+V+O。英语中绝大多数及物动词只带一个宾语，这种动词叫单宾语及物动词。 常见的有 borrow、cover、discover、enjoy、forget、guess、invent、use、put、love、know、raise、destroy 等。 例 Kate returned the bike (on time). 凯特(按时)把自行车归还了。 （河北中考） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Indirect Object+Direct Object，简称：S+V+IO+DO。间接宾语一般是有生命的；直接宾语一般是物。 例 My father bought me a birthday present. =My father bought a birthday present for me. 我爸爸给我买了一份生日礼物。 （重难点） 间接宾语一般位于直接宾语的前面，有时它们也可交换位置，这时要在间接宾语的前面加上介词 to 或 for。当谓语动词是 give、pass、send、show、bring、offer、tell 等时，就在间接宾语的前面加上介词 to。当谓语动词是 buy、find、make 等时，就在间接宾语的前面加上介词 for。 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 该句型的英文名称为 Subject+Verb+Object+Object Complement，简称：S+V+O+OC。 宾语补足语常由名词、形容词、动词不定式等充当。 例 Music makes people feel good! 音乐使人感觉很好！ （贵州黔南州中考） 语法小练习 1. “I bought a toy car yesterday.” The sentence structure is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O+OC 2. The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English at school.” is ______. A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P 3. What is the sentence pattern (句型) of the sentence “The little girl gave me a big smile.”? A. S+V +IO+ DO B. S+V +O C. S+V+O+OC D. S+V+P 4. What is the sentence pattern of "Mr. Tao teaches English" A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V C. S+V+P D. S+V+O 5. What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “We must keep our classroom clean.”? A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+O 6. “______” has the same structure as “We will make the world a better place for children.” A. Volunteers often offer help in poor areas. B. The farmer is making his son a wooden toy. C. We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count. D. Models wore colourful clothes from different times in the 20th century. 7. The leaves have turned yellow. A. 谓语 B. 表语 C. 宾语 D. 定语 8. We must keep our classroom clean. A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 定语 D. 宾语补足语 9. He told me not to make noise here. A. 间接宾语 B. 直接宾语 C. 宾补 D. 表语 10. I do not know ______. A. who will teach our English next term B. who our English will teach next term C. who will teach us English next term D. whom will teach us English next term 11. The sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work”. A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC 12. Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday. A. 表语 B. 直接宾语 C. 间接宾语 D. 主语 13. What's the sentence structure of the sentence "We often hear Simon sing English songs."? A. S+V+O B. S+V +P C. S+V+DO +OC D. S+V +IO +DO 1. 答案：B（S+V+O ，即主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 ，“I” 是主语 ，“bought” 是谓语 ，“a toy car” 是宾语 ） 2. 答案：B（S+V+IO+DO ，“Mr Zhang” 是主语 ，“teaches” 是谓语 ，“us” 是间接宾语 ，“English” 是直接宾语 ） 3. 答案：A（S+V+IO+DO ，“The little girl” 是主语 ，“gave” 是谓语 ，“me” 是间接宾语 ，“a big smile” 是直接宾语 ） 4. 答案：D（S+V+O ，“Mr. Tao” 是主语 ，“teaches” 是谓语 ，“English” 是宾语 ） 5. 答案：A（S+V+O+OC ，“We” 是主语 ，“must keep” 是谓语 ，“our classroom” 是宾语 ，“clean” 是宾语补足语 ） 6. 答案：B（原句 “We will make the world a better place for children.” 是 S+V+IO+DO 结构 ，B 选项 “The farmer is making his son a wooden toy.” 同样是此结构 ，“The farmer” 是主语 ，“is making” 是谓语 ，“his son” 是间接宾语 ，“a wooden toy” 是直接宾语 ） 7. 答案：B（“yellow” 在 “The leaves have turned yellow.” 中作表语 ，系动词 “turned” 后接表语描述主语状态 ） 8. 答案：D（“clean” 在 “We must keep our classroom clean.” 中是宾语补足语 ，补充说明 “our classroom” 要保持的状态 ） 9. 答案：C（“not to make noise here” 在 “He told me not to make noise here.” 中是宾语补足语 ，补充说明 “me” 要做的事 ） 10. 答案：C（宾语从句要用陈述语序 ，A 选项 “our English” 用法错误 ；B 选项语序混乱 ；D 选项 “whom” 在从句中作主语错误 ，要用 “who” ，所以选 C ） 11. 答案：D（“Eddie is watching Hobo work.” 中 “Eddie” 是主语 ，“is watching” 是谓语 ，“Hobo” 是宾语 ，“work” 是宾语补足语 ，即 S+V+DO+OC 结构 ） 12. 答案：C（“him” 在 “Jim’s father bought him a schoolbag on his birthday.” 中是间接宾语 ，“a schoolbag” 是直接宾语 ） 13. 答案：C（“We often hear Simon sing English songs.” 中 “We” 是主语 ，“often hear” 是谓语 ，“Simon” 是宾语 ，“sing English songs” 是宾语补足语 ，即 S+V+DO+OC 结构 ） 知识梳理 1. The wind is blowing hard. 风正猛烈地吹着。 blow〔动词〕吹,刮;吹(气)(过去式:blew) blow 可用作及物动词或不及物动词。 blow out 吹灭 blow (sth) off... (把某物) 从…… 吹掉 You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water. 你能看到风吹过树木，吹过水面。(blow 为不及物动词) He blew onto his coffee to cool it down. 他吹着咖啡让它凉下来。(blow 为不及物动词) The wind blew the door open. 风把门吹开了。(blow 为及物动词) The boy made a wish and blew out the candles. 男孩许了个愿，然后吹灭了蜡烛。(blow 为及物动词) The woman blew the dust off the shelf. 那个女士把架子上的灰尘吹掉了。(blow 为及物动词) 真题链接（扬州广陵区期末） 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 The wind ______ hard last night, making trees move and leaves fly around. (吹;刮) 解析 blow 意为“吹;刮”;由 last night (昨晚)可知，句子为一般过去时，故填 blow 的过去式 blew。 答案 blew 2. Winter arrives. 冬天来临。 (1)arrive〔不及物动词〕发生;到来 Spring has arrived, and the flowers are blooming everywhere. 春天到了，花儿到处盛开。 The wedding day finally arrived. 婚礼这一天终于到来。 (2) 辨析:arrive, get 与 reach 三者都可表示“到达”，但用法不同。 单词 意思 例句 arrive不及物动词，后面需加介词at 或 in arrive in到达较大的地方如城市，国家，地区 when does the train arrive at the station? arrive at到达较小地方 如车站，邮局，学校 We arrive in Shanghai this morning reach及物动词 后面可直接跟表示地点的名词 They reach Beijing this morning get不及物动词 后需接介词to Write to us when you get to the place. The American students arrived in Beijing yesterday. 那些美国学生昨天到达了北京。 We can arrive at the train station at two o’clock. 我们能在两点钟抵达火车站。 Write to me when you get to Chongqing. 到了重庆给我写信。 I usually get home at half past five in the afternoon. 我通常在下午五点半到家。 He reached Shanghai last month. 他上个月到达了上海。 注意 arrive, get 和 reach 表示“到达”……时在句中可相互替换。 They arrived in/got to/reached Nanjing yesterday morning. 他们昨天上午到达了南京。 即学即练： -Could you tell me when she will the airport? -Well, before 5 p.m. Then she will ____ your home as soon as possible. A. arrive; reach B. arrive at; reach at C. arrive; reach at D. arrive at; reach 【答案】D 【解析】考查及物动词与不及物动词。句意:一你能告诉我她什么时候到机场吗?一好吧，下午5点之前，她会尽快到达你家。arrivev.不及物动词，到达。用法为:ariveat+小地点:arivein+大地点。reachv.及物动词，到达。后面直接加表示地点的词。故选 D。 3. The sun shines. 阳光照耀。 shine〔不及物动词〕发光,照耀(过去式:shone) The sun is shining and it’s very warm. 阳光照耀着，天气很暖和。 Her eyes are shining with excitement. 她兴奋得两眼放光。 4. The flowers smell wonderful. 花朵芬芳馥郁。 smell ①〔连系动词〕有(或发出) ……气味，其后接形容词作表语。 The flowers smell good. 这些花儿闻起来很香。 ②〔及物动词〕嗅到,闻到 I think I smell gas. 我想我闻到了煤气味。 ③〔可数名词〕气味 It gives off a nice smell. 它散发出芳香的气味。 真题链接（无锡中考） —Dad, what’s for dinner? It ______ nice! —I’m cooking chicken soup. A. tastes B. smells C. looks D. feels 解析 我们可用“词义辨析法”解答此题。taste “有……味道”;smell “有(或发出) ……气味”;look “看起来”;feel “摸起来”。根据“Dad, what’s for dinner? (爸爸，晚饭吃什么？)”以及“I’m cooking chicken soup. (我正在煮鸡汤)”可知，此处应是尚未看到或吃到，应该是闻起来很香。故选 smells。 答案 B Word power Noun + Suffix → Adjective 名词+后缀→形容词 cloud 云+y→cloudy 多云的 wind 风+y→windy 多风的 rain 雨+y→rainy 阴雨的 snow 雪+y→snowy 下雪多的 sun 太阳+y→sunny 晴朗的 fog 雾+y→foggy 有雾的 Noun + Suffix → Adjective 名词+后缀 → 形容词 luck 运气 + y → lucky 幸运的 health 健康 + y → healthy 健康的 sleep 睡眠 + y → sleepy 困倦的 shine 光泽 + y → shiny 有光泽的 noise 噪声 + y → noisy 嘈杂的 fun 乐趣 + y → funny 有趣的 1. It makes them look a bit funny. 这让他们看起来有点儿滑稽。 辨析:a bit 与 a little ①二者修饰形容词或副词原级、比较级时，意为“有点儿；稍微”，可以互换。 a bit/a little hot 有点儿热 He is a bit/a little taller than me. 他比我高一点儿。 ②二者修饰名词时，意为“一点儿；少量”，其区别为： a bit 修饰名词时其后须加 of，即“a bit of + 不可数名词”，a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。 a bit of milk = a little milk 一点儿牛奶 ③a little 还可作不定代词使用，而 a bit 不可。 —Can you speak Chinese? 你会说汉语吗？ —Yes, a little. 是的，会一点儿。 ④二者与 not 连用时，意思差别很大。 not a bit = not... at all 一点儿也不；毫不 not a little = very (much) 很；非常 I’m not a bit happy. 我一点儿也不快乐。 I’m not a little happy. 我很快乐。 2. The heat of the sun makes people sleepy in the afternoon. 午后太阳的热度让人困倦。 heat ①〔不可数名词〕热，其形容词形式为 hot (热的)。 The sun gives us light and heat. 太阳给我们光和热。 ②〔动词〕使变热，加热 Heat the tomatoes and oil in a pan. 在平底锅里将西红柿和油加热。 3. The sudden heavy rain may bring lots of problems. 突如其来的大雨可能会带来许多问题。 sudden〔形容词〕突然的，其副词形式是 suddenly，意为“突然地”。 all of a sudden = suddenly 突然，猛地 We all got wet with the sudden heavy rain. 突降的大雨把我们都淋湿了。 All of a sudden, the lights went out. 突然，灯灭了。 真题链接（无锡锡山区期末） 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 There was a ______ (突然) storm and we had to rush inside. 解析 此处修饰名词 storm，应用形容词 sudden 表示“突然”。句意：突然来了一场暴风雨，我们不得不赶紧跑到里面去。 答案 sudden 4. Some people like to have a short trip around the city at the weekend. 有些人喜欢在周末去城市周边进行短途旅行。 have a trip 去旅行，与 take a trip 或 go on a trip 同义。 have a short trip 进行短途旅行 have/take/go on a trip to... 去……旅行 Are you planning to have/take/go on a trip next month? 你们计划下个月去旅行吗？ Integration 1. In ancient times, Chinese people noticed the changes in seasons and weather. 在古代，中国人就注意到季节和天气的变化。 notice ①〔动词〕注意到；意识到，主要用法如下： notice sth/sb 注意到某物/某人 I didn’t notice him at that time. 那时我没有注意到他。 notice sb do/doing sth 注意到某人做了/正在做某事 I noticed Jim get into the teachers’ office. 我注意到吉姆进了老师的办公室。 I noticed some students getting off the bus when I walked past the school. 我路过学校的时候，注意到有些学生正在下公共汽车。 notice + that 从句 注意到…… She noticed that the old man had trouble breathing. 她注意到那位老人呼吸困难。 ②〔可数名词〕布告，通知 There is a notice on the blackboard. 黑板上有一则通知。 ③〔不可数名词〕注意 take (no) notice of... (不) 注意……；(不) 理会…… He always takes no notice of others. 他总是不理会别人。 2. They divided the year into 24 parts—this is the 24 Solar Terms. 他们将一年分为 24 个部分，即二十四节气。 divide〔动词〕(使) 分开；分成，指把整体分成若干部分。 divide...into 把……分成……（被动结构 be divided into 被分成……） He divided the cake among the children. 他把这个蛋糕分给了孩子们。 The teacher divided the students in his class into two teams. 老师把他班里的学生分成两队。 3. The terms start with the Beginning of Spring and end with the Major Cold. 节气从立春开始，到大寒结束。 end ①〔不及物动词〕结束；终止，其主语通常是事物。 end with 以……结束 Our morning classes end at 11:50. 我们上午的课程在 11:50 结束。 The road ends here. 这条路到此为止。 Her note ended with the words “See you soon”. 她的便条以“再见”结束。 ②〔及物动词〕结束；终止，主语通常是人。 end...with... 以……结束…… She ended the party with a song. 她以一首歌结束了聚会。 ③〔名词〕结束；结尾 at the end of 在……尽头 in the end 最后 You can see a park at the end of the road. 在这条路的尽头，你能看到一个公园。 In the end, I got enough money. 最后，我得到了足够的钱。 4. They show changes in crop growth, temperature, as well as other weather conditions. 它们体现了农作物生长、气温以及其他天气状况的变化。 (1)change ①〔可数名词〕变化，改变 The change in our country is great. 我们国家的变化很大。 ②〔不可数名词〕零头，零钱 Here’s your change. 给你零钱。 ③〔动词〕改变，变化 change...into... 把……变为…… change into 变成…… He wants to change his plan. 他想改变他的计划。 The weather changes very often in Britain. 在英国，天气经常变化。 He changes white into black. 他把白色变成了黑色。 Ice can change into water in the sun. 在阳光下冰可以变成水。 (2)growth〔不可数名词〕 ①生长，发育，成长 Lack of water will stunt the plant’s growth. 缺水会妨碍植物生长。 ②增加；增长；增强 population growth 人口增长 (3)as well as ①除……之外，也，还，用来连接两个并列的成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面。连接主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。 Living things need air and sunlight as well as water. 生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。 She is a talented musician as well as being an artist. 她不但是个画家，而且还是个天才的音乐家。 Tom, as well as Jane and Mike, goes to school by bus. 除了简和迈克，汤姆也乘公共汽车去上学。 ②和……一样好 Lily dances as well as Lisa. 莉莉跳舞跳得和莉萨一样好。 真题链接（无锡江阴澄西期中） —What do you think good friends are like? —Good friends should share your trouble ______ your joy. A. so well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as well as 解析 我们可用“辨析法”解答此题。so well as 和 so good as 都表示“和……一样好”，用于否定句，此处为肯定句，排除 A、C 两项。as good as “和……一样好”, 修饰名词；as well as “和；也”；由常识可知答语句意为“好朋友应该分享你的烦恼和快乐”。故选 as well as。 答案 D 5. The terms also have important cultural meanings beyond farming. 节气在农事之外也有着重要的文化意义。 ★beyond〔介词〕超出，除……之外 Our success was far beyond what we thought possible. 我们的成功远远超出了我们的估计范围。 The twins had no experience beyond school training. 除了受过学校的培训，这对双胞胎毫无经验。 6. Some of them are connected with traditional festivals. 有些节气与传统节日有关。 (1)be connected with 与……有联系，和……有关，与 be connected to 同义。 I realise that food is so closely connected with its local culture. 我意识到食物与其当地的文化密切相关。 (2)connect ①〔及物动词〕把……联系起来 connect...with... 把……和……联系起来 Don’t connect him with the matter. 不要把他和那件事联系起来。 ②〔动词〕(使) 连接 connect...with/to... 把……和……连接 A railway connects Beijing with Shanghai. 一条铁路连接北京和上海。 First connect the printer to the computer. 首先把打印机与计算机接通。 ❤拓展 connection〔名词〕联系，关联；连接 There’s a connection between pollution and the death of trees. 污染和树木的死亡之间有关系。 7. They have had a positive effect on Chinese culture for thousands of years. 数千年来，它们对中国文化产生了积极影响。 effect〔名词〕 ①影响；结果 have a(n)...effect on 对……有……影响（effect 前常用形容词修饰） have no effect on 对……没有影响 The computer has had a big effect on us. 计算机已经对我们产生了很大的影响。 ②效果 take effect 开始产生效果 The medicine took effect and the pain disappeared. 药产生了效果，疼痛消失了。 真题链接（无锡省锡中实验学校三模） 根据所给汉语提示完成句子。 在中国古代，二十四节气对中国传统农业有很大的影响。 In ancient China, the 24 Solar Terms ______ traditional Chinese agriculture. 解析 由英汉两句可知，所填英语表示“对……有很大的影响”，have a great effect on 表示“对……有很大的影响”；由 In ancient China (在中国古代) 可知，应用一般过去时，动词 have 应用过去式 had。 答案 had a great effect on 8. Average temperature 平均温度 average ①〔形容词〕平均的，常在名词前作定语。 an average price 平均价格 The car runs at an average speed of 80 kilometres per hour. 小汽车以平均每小时 80 千米的速度行驶。 ②〔形容词〕普通的；平常的；一般的 I’m just an average student. 我只是一个普通学生。 ③〔名词〕平均水平；一般水准 on average 平均来看 In this city, it rains about 80 days a year on average. 在这个城市，平均每年下雨约 80 天。 9. Advice for going outside 外出建议 advice〔不可数名词〕建议，忠告，劝告 a/one piece of advice 一条建议 give sb some advice on...给某人一些关于……的建议 ask for advice 征求意见 follow/take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议 What useful advice it is! 它是多么有用的建议啊！ I’ll give you some advice on how to look after your pet dog. 我将就怎样照顾你的宠物狗给你一些建议。 真题链接（盐城中考） Please give me some ______ on how to spend the coming weekend. A. space B. advice C. praise D. courage 解析 我们可用“词义辨析法”解答此题。space “空间”;advice “建议”;praise “表扬”;courage “勇气”。由句意“请就如何度过即将到来的周末给我一些______”可知选 advice。 答案 B 10. It’s difficult to get around the city with so much snow. 这么大的雪，在城里出行可难了。 get around 各处走动，around 可用作介词或副词，意为“到处，向各处”。此处的 around 用作介词，此时 get around 后接表示地点的词或短语。around 用作副词时，get around 后不接宾语。 They got around the town looking for a place to eat. 他们在城里到处寻找吃饭的地方。(around 用作介词) This is a beautiful place. Let’s get around. 这是个美丽的地方。咱们四处转转吧。 11. I can order things for you online, Grandpa. 爷爷，我可以在网上给您订购东西。 order ①〔动词〕订购 order sth from... 从……订购某物 order sb sth = order sth for sb 为某人订购某物 They ordered some books from the bookshop. 他们从书店里订购了一些书。 I ordered you a large pizza. = I ordered a large pizza for you. 我给你订了一个大比萨饼。 ②〔动词〕点(酒、菜等) The professor ordered himself a cup of coffee. 这位教授给自己点了一杯咖啡。 ③〔及物动词〕命令 order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 He ordered that soldier to stand there. 他命令那个战士站在那儿。 ④〔名词〕点单;所订的货物 May I take your order? 您现在点菜吗? The toy order arrived yesterday. 订购的玩具昨天到货了。 ⑤〔名词〕命令;顺序; the order to do sth 做某事的命令 in order 按顺序 The officer gave the order to set off. 军官发出了出发的命令。 In the twelve Chinese animal signs, the Tiger is the third in order. 在中国的12生肖中,老虎排在第三位。 12. Feel free to call us if you need help. 要是您需要帮忙,随时给我们打电话。 feel free (to do sth) 随便(做某事) Feel free to eat dinner here any time! (你)随时都可以来这里吃饭! —Can I use the phone? 我能用一下电话吗? —Please, feel free. 请便吧。 13. Take care, Grandpa. 爷爷,您保重。 take care ①保重 用于向家人或朋友道别。 Take care! See you next week! 保重!下周见! ②小心,注意 可单独使用,表示提醒或警示等语气,相当于look out或be careful;也可跟动词不定式或从句。 Take care! The ice is thin. 小心!冰很薄。 Take care not to break the glass. 小心不要把玻璃杯打碎了。 Take care (that) you don’t cross the road when the traffic lights are red. 当交通信号灯是红色时,当心不要横穿马路。 ❤拓展 take care of 照顾,照看(=look after) Who will take care of the babies? 谁将照顾这些婴儿? 14. Everything is covered in deep white snow. 一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖了。 deep 〔形容词〕深的 可在句中作定语或表语。 Don’t go into the deep water. It’s dangerous. 不要到深水里去。那危险。 The hole is very deep. 这个洞很深。 ❤拓展 ①“基数词 + metre(s)/foot/feet/... + deep”表示“有……深”。 The water is one metre deep. 这水有一米深。 ②deeply〔副词〕深深地 Students love Chinese paper-cutting and Chinese opera deeply. 学生们深深地爱上了中国剪纸和中国戏曲。 课后练习 一．词汇题 1. As the bright moon (shine) over the sea, you share this moment with me from far away. 2. [2025 江苏南京期中] The cake (smell) so good that everyone wanted to have a bit of it. 3. [2025 江苏镇江调研] The rain (sudden) began to pour and we had no time to find cover. 4. There was a strong wind last night and it (blow) the clouds away. 5. [2025 江苏无锡期中] It's reported that a deep breath often (help) when you feel stressed. 6. Our new class teacher is a kind and handsome man of (平均的) height. 7. It is said that laughter can reduce the (影响) of pain on the body. 8. [2025 江苏徐州期中] The bright (阳光) goes through the window and makes the room warm. 9. [2025 江苏泰州期中] There's an /'ɔːfl/ smell in the kitchen. Let's open the window. 10. Jason forgot to bring an umbrella with him and got /wet/ on his way home. 2. 请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 6. Eating fruit and vegetables is good for your _ (grow) and helps you stay fit. 7. [2025 江苏连云港调研] These _ (freeze) foods are the most convenient of all. 8. The movie has a moving _ (end), and the audience cried in the theatre. 9. Lily wrote down some notes on a piece of paper, but her mother _ (throw) it by mistake. 10. [2025 江苏无锡期中] This high - speed railway _ (connect) the town to many places in the country. It is convenient. 1. 答案：shines（as 引导的时间状语从句 ，主语 “the bright moon” 是第三人称单数 ，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 ） 2. 答案：smelt/smelled（根据 “wanted” 可知句子是一般过去时 ，“smell” 的过去式是 “smelt” 或 “smelled” ） 3. 答案：suddenly（修饰动词 “began” 要用副词 ，“sudden” 的副词形式是 “suddenly” ） 4. 答案：blew（根据 “last night” 可知是一般过去时 ，“blow” 的过去式是 “blew” ） 5. 答案：helps（宾语从句中 ，主语 “a deep breath” 是单数 ，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 ） 6. 答案：average（“平均的” 英文是 “average” ，修饰 “height” ） 7. 答案：effect（“影响” 的名词形式是 “effect” ，“the effect of...” 表示 “…… 的影响” ） 8. 答案：sunshine（“阳光” 的英文是 “sunshine” ，不可数名词 ） 9. 答案：awful（根据音标 /ˈɔːfl/ 可知是 “awful” ，意为 “糟糕的；极坏的” ） 10. 答案：wet（根据音标 /wet/ 可知是 “wet” ，意为 “湿的” ） 11. 答案：growth（“your” 后接名词 ，“grow” 的名词形式是 “growth” ，意为 “成长” ） 12. 答案：frozen（修饰 “foods” 要用形容词 ，“freeze” 的形容词形式 “frozen” 表示 “冷冻的；冷藏的” ） 13. 答案：ending（“a moving” 后接名词 ，“end” 的名词形式 “ending” 表示 “结局；结尾” ） 14. 答案：threw（根据 “wrote” 可知句子是一般过去时 ，“throw” 的过去式是 “threw” ） 15. 答案：connects（主语 “This high - speed railway” 是单数 ，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 ） 二．单项选择 1. ( ) [2025 江苏宿迁期中] Which is the sentence structure of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A. S + V + O B. S + V + P C. S + V D. S + V + IO + DO 2. ( ) The structure of the sentence “Autumn leaves turn brown.” is _. A. S + V B. S + V + O C. S + V + P D. S + V + DO + OC 3. ( ) The sentence structure of “The bird is singing happily.” is _. A. S + V + DO + OC B. S + V C. S + V + IO + DO D. S + V + P 4. ( ) [2025 江苏扬州调研] Sandy is my best friend. To me, our friendship is _ money. A. with B. off C. beyond D. under 5. ( ) [2025 江苏淮安期中] Young people used to _ takeout food online, but now more and more get used to cooking at home. A. make B. order C. cook D. bring 6. ( ) —The “20 - minute Park Effect” has become a hit these days. —Some believe that getting close to nature has a _ influence on people's health. A. serious B. positive C. heavy D. quiet 7. ( ) The _ book has so many pages. I can't finish reading it in a few days. A. thick B. bright C. weak D. deep 8. ( ) —My ball fell into the hole. Could you give me a hand? —The hole is too _. It's hard to get it without tools. A. dry B. deep C. awful D. far 1. 答案：B（“The cake tastes sweet.” 中 “The cake” 是主语 ，“tastes” 是系动词 ，“sweet” 是表语 ，即 S+V+P 结构 ） 2. 答案：C（“Autumn leaves turn brown.” 中 “Autumn leaves” 是主语 ，“turn” 是系动词 ，“brown” 是表语 ，即 S+V+P 结构 ） 3. 答案：B（“The bird is singing happily.” 中 “The bird” 是主语 ，“is singing” 是谓语 ，即 S+V 结构 ，“happily” 是副词修饰谓语 ） 4. 答案：C（“beyond” 有 “超出；除…… 之外” 之意 ，“our friendship is beyond money” 表示 “我们的友谊超出金钱（的价值）” ，符合语境 ） 5. 答案：B（“order takeout food” 是 “订购外卖食物” ，“used to do sth” 表示 “过去常常做某事” ，符合 “年轻人过去常在线订外卖” 语境 ） 6. 答案：B（“positive” 是 “积极的” ，“getting close to nature has a positive influence on people's health” 表示 “亲近大自然对人们健康有积极影响” ，符合 “20 - minute Park Effect” 语境 ） 7. 答案：A（“thick” 是 “厚的” ，“The thick book has so many pages” 表示 “这本厚书有很多页” ，符合语境 ） 8. 答案：B（“deep” 是 “深的” ，“The hole is too deep” 表示 “洞太深了” ，符合 “很难拿到球” 语境 ） 三．完成句子 1. [2025 江苏镇江调研] 那个盲人不得不依靠导盲犬安全地四处走动。 、 The blind man has to rely on a guide dog to safely. 2. 在扔掉垃圾之前，我们应该将其分成不同的种类。 Before throwing away the rubbish, we should it different kinds. 3. [2025 江苏宿迁期中] 因特网与我们的日常生活紧密相连。 The Internet closely our daily life. 4. 我们不能期盼她既做家务又照顾孩子。 We can't expect her to do the housework looking after the children. 5.  ——我这周末要去短途旅行。 ——那听起来很有趣！保重，玩得开心。 —I'm going on a short trip this weekend. —That sounds fun! and enjoy yourself. 1. 答案：get around（“get around” 有 “四处走动” 之意 ，“to” 后接动词原形 ） 2. 答案：divide; into（“divide...into...” 是 “把…… 分成……” ，“should” 后接动词原形 ） 3. 答案：is; connected with（“be connected with” 是 “与…… 相连；与…… 有关” ，主语 “The Internet” 是单数 ，一般现在时中用 “is connected with” ） 4. 答案：as well as（“as well as” 是 “除…… 之外；也” ，连接 “do the housework” 和 “looking after the children” ） 5. 答案：Take care（“Take care” 是 “保重” ，用于道别时提醒 ） 四．阅读理解 [原创] In spring, China has warm weather. The average temperature during the daytime is 13 degrees Celsius (摄氏度) and 3 degrees Celsius at night. In the North, spring comes late and lasts for less than three months. And in cities like Beijing, there isn't clear difference between spring and winter. In Southern China, spring gets gradually warmer and the daytime becomes longer. Opposite of the North, the South experiences a beautiful spring although with a bit of rain here and there. During summer, June and July are the hottest months in China. The places that experience the true summer heat the most are cities. In August, the temperature starts to _ in preparation for autumn. But perhaps summer is better known in China not for its heat but its wetness. Summer is the main time in China for typhoons and summer rain. Autumn lasts from September to November in China and is one of the most amazing seasons. From beautiful views to perfect weather, autumn is one of the best times to travel. On average, the daily temperature during fall never exceeds 26 degrees Celsius in September, 20 degrees Celsius in October and 10 degrees Celsius in November in Beijing. In China, winter is from December to February. It's a bit warmer in Southern and Central China than in the North. There's little snow in winter outside Northern China. The temperature almost always feels colder than it actually is. What's known as Tropical (热带的) China is in the very south of the country, and there, winter almost doesn't exist. ( ) 1. What do we know from the last sentence of the first paragraph? A. The North doesn't rain in spring. B. It may rain heavily in the South in spring. C. The South is as beautiful as the North. D. It rains a little in the South in spring. ( ) 2. [新考法 内容回填] Which word can be filled in the blank in the second paragraph? A. drop B. rise C. throw D. blow ( ) 3. Why can we say autumn is one of the best times to travel? A. Because more people will choose this time to travel. B. Because the tour cost is never too high. C. Because it has beautiful views and perfect weather. D. Because it may either rain or snow in some places. ( ) 4. How is the weather in Southern and Central China in winter compared with that of Northern China? A. Warm. B. Wet. C. Snowy. D. Windy. ( ) 5. [新考法 文章出处] In which column of a magazine can we read this text? A. Sports. B. Health. C. Education. D. Nature. 1. 答案：D（第一段最后一句 “Opposite of the North, the South experiences a beautiful spring although with a bit of rain here and there.” 表明南方春天会时不时下点雨 ，即 “It rains a little in the South in spring.” ） 2. 答案：A（根据 “In August, the temperature starts to _ in preparation for autumn.” ，结合季节变化 ，八月之后要准备进入秋天 ，温度会 “drop（下降）” ） 3. 答案：C（文中 “From beautiful views to perfect weather, autumn is one of the best times to travel.” 表明秋天有美丽景色和宜人天气 ，所以是旅行好时节 ） 4. 答案：A（文中 “It's a bit warmer in Southern and Central China than in the North.” 表明中国南方和中部冬天比北方 “Warm（温暖）” ） 5. 答案：D（文章主要介绍中国四季的天气等自然相关内容 ，所以会在 “Nature（自然）” 专栏读到 ） 五．阅读还原 [2025 江苏无锡调研] The clouds in the sky are changing all the time. They have different shapes in different people's eyes. Some of them are like feathers, flying in the air. Some are like a big quilt, covering the whole sky. 1 Sometimes clouds can make the sky very beautiful and lovely. 2 A few minutes ago, the clouds were smiling in small pieces while the sun was shining. But a few minutes later, the clouds became dark. 3 When different clouds hang in the sky, different kinds of weather will appear. There is much experience from the elders. High and thin clouds in the sky are often the beginning of the clear weather. 4 Next time, you can try watching the clouds by yourself. Clouds can help us know about the weather and predict (预知) the weather changes. Weather plays an important part in our life, especially to animals and the farmers. 5 However, the changes of the weather are not very easy to make sure, and there are mistakes only by seeing the clouds in the sky. Usually, people have to listen to the weather report. A. We can't see clouds at night. B. Clouds are the signs of the weather. C. And they are also like mountains, rivers or lions. D. But sometimes they might make the sky dark. E. Those low and thick clouds often bring rain or snow. F. We may learn to see the clouds and know the weather changes. G. It's better for you to take an umbrella with you whenever you go out. 1. 答案：C（前文说云有不同形状 ，像羽毛、大被子等 ，C 选项 “And they are also like mountains, rivers or lions.” 继续补充云的其他形状 ，符合语境 ） 2. 答案：D（前文说云有时让天空美丽可爱 ，后文说几分钟后云变黑 ，D 选项 “But sometimes they might make the sky dark.” 起到转折衔接作用 ） 3. 答案：B（后文说不同云预示不同天气 ，B 选项 “Clouds are the signs of the weather.” 能引出此内容 ，符合逻辑 ） 4. 答案：E（前文说高而薄的云是晴天开始 ，E 选项 “Those low and thick clouds often bring rain or snow.” 补充低而厚的云的天气预示 ，相互呼应 ） 5. 答案：F（前文说云能帮我们了解和预知天气 ，F 选项 “We may learn to see the clouds and know the weather changes.” 承接此内容 ，符合语境 ） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$