Unit 4 Section 1 Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

[对应知能达标训练P57] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A For many people，barbecues(烧烤)are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends.For Stan Hays，however，barbecues become his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens. The unique effort began in May，when a severe tornado hit Joplin，about two hours from Hays' home.His wife asked him to help.So，he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecues.“We thought we'd be there three to four days，serving maybe 5，000 meals，” Hays said.But the need was there，so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need. It was a life-changing experience for Hays，who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before.While preparing to head home，he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization.“A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly，” Hays said.“So，before we left，we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.” During the last eight years，the group has responded to almost 60 disasters across the United States，including Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California.More than 6，800 volunteers have joined the effort，and the group often cooperates with other organizations to serve the meals. “Barbecues are comfort food，” Hays said.“If you just lost your house or a loved one，getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life.That's worth it to me.” [语篇解读]　记叙文　讲述了海斯在一次龙卷风后为幸存者提供烧烤食物，之后他和同伴们成立了一个非营利组织，去帮助灾难中的幸存者，为他们提供热腾腾的烧烤食物。 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Volunteers couldn't meet the requirements. B．Supplies were far from enough for the victims. C．Hays' home was severely damaged by the tornado. D．The need for food was beyond Hays' expectation. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段“We thought we'd be there three to four days，...for 11 days to meet the need.”可知，灾难之后，人们对食物的需求远远超出了海斯的想象。故选D。 2．What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief? A．His friends' suggestion. B．His preference for barbecues. C．His voluntary activity in Joplin. D．His cooperation with other organizations. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was a life-changing experience for Hays，who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before.”和“So，before we left，we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.”可知，是他的一次志愿救灾经历让他成立了这个组织。故选C。 3．Which word best describes Hays? A．Warm-hearted. B．Strong-willed. C．Broad-minded. D．Good-tempered. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，海斯积极去做志愿者帮助处于灾难中的人，并成立一个非营利组织给灾难中的幸存者提供食物，由此可推知他是热心肠的。故选A。 4．What's the best title for the text? A．The Bright Future of Barbecues B．Barbecues：the Best Comfort Food C．The Role of Barbecues in Voluntary Activities D．Barbecues in the Tornado Disaster 解析：选D　标题归纳题。海斯在为一次龙卷风后的幸存者提供烧烤食物后，他和同伴们成立了一个非营利组织，去帮助灾难中的幸存者，为他们提供热腾腾的烧烤食物。故选D。 B In December 2004，I had just become a professional photographer and was working on a project about communities who live on the sea，known as sea nomads(海上游牧民族).I was living with members of the Chao-Ley tribe(部落) on a small island in southern Thailand.We didn't share a language and depended on body language to communicate. I went to sea with them regularly.One morning，I was due to set out with a group of six fishermen in a small boat.The sea looked different，with the water totally still. About 20 minutes after we left and a few miles out in the open sea，one of the fishermen pointed to a small white spot far in the distance.It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly.This was a tsunami wave speeding through the ocean.We were in shock. Usually，the deeper the water，the weaker the wave.But we weren't out far enough to be safe，nor close enough to shore to make it back in time.We were stuck.I began to feel really scared. The captain told the six of us where to sit，so we would balance the boat.My camera was in my backpack.I wanted to capture the scene，but I couldn't.Any movement would make the boat out of balance.Suddenly there was a huge noise.The wave hit the boat，but in a flash the skilled captain managed to swerve(突然转向) up and onto the wave.Then the boat moved from the tip of the wave down into safe waters.Our eyes and mouths were wide open，and everyone let out heavy sighs.The captain had saved us all. Surviving gave me a deep understanding of how important life can be.I've been going back to Southeast Asia almost every year since.The photography project has become a thank-you to the person who saved my life.The picture I wanted to take on the boat remains “the one that got away”—I think every photographer has one.But mine changed my life. [语篇解读]　记叙文　文章讲述了作者在与六个渔民乘坐一条小船出海时遭遇了海啸，英勇的船长救了船上所有人的故事。 5．What happened before the author set out with the fishermen? A．The captain wanted to cancel the trip. B．He noticed something unusual. C．They saw a white spot in the distance. D．It looked as if it was about to rain. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，一天早晨，作者要和六个渔民乘坐一条小船出发。大海看起来不一样了，海水是完全静止的。所以，在出发前，作者注意到了一些不寻常的情况。故选B。 6．When did the author start to feel frightened? A．When fishermen on the boat felt nervous. B．When he realized they were trapped. C．When the boat was about to be hit. D．When the boat shook violently. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据题干中的feel frightened定位到第四段中的“I began to feel really scared.”。根据该信息前面的“But we weren't out far enough to be safe，nor close enough to shore to make it back in time.We were stuck.”可知，当作者意识到他们被困住的时候，他开始感到害怕。故选B。 7．What was the author doing when the tsunami wave hit the boat? A．Helping the captain swerve. B．Taking a photo of the wave. C．Trying not to move. D．Reaching for his backpack. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前四句可知，为了让船保持平衡，船长告诉作者在内的六人坐在合适的位置。尽管作者想拿出背包里的照相机拍摄，但他不能这样做，任何动作都会使船失去平衡。所以当海啸波袭击船的时候，作者尽力保持不动。故选C。 8．What did the author learn from his experience? A．We should have the courage to take risks. B．Opportunity never knocks twice. C．Life is too short to be wasted. D．Sometimes regrets in life can save us. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，经历了那次与死神的邂逅，作者深刻理解了生命的重要性。虽说在那次灾难时，作为摄影师，作者没有拍到现场的照片很遗憾，但船长的英勇和他们的克制不动让他们活了下来。由此推知，从这次经历中作者意识到有时候生活中的遗憾可以拯救我们。故选D。 C (2024—2025学年南阳高一检测)Somalia，Kenya，and now Ethiopia are warning of a serious drought (干旱)that affects millions of people in Eastern Africa.In Ethiopia's Somali area，people have seen the failures of what should have been three straight rainy seasons.Droughts do come and go over the years.However，the lack (缺少)of rainfall has led to the driest conditions in 40 years in parts of Somalia and Ethiopia. UNICEF is the United Nation's children's agency.Local Zaynab Wali told a visiting team with UNICEF that she and her seven children had never seen a drought like this.She said the government gave out food for animals during the last drought five years ago.“This time，we even don't have enough food for our family.” Children walk among the bodies of dead animals，which died from lack of food and energy.Somalia Consortium works to improve international aid for Somalia.It said in a separate statement that in Somalia，more than 7 million people need emergency help.It is asking international organizations to give much more to the country. “We are just one month into the long dry season，and I have already lost 25 goats and sheep，” Hafsa Bedel in Ethiopia's Somali area told UNICEF.She also lost four camels，a large desert animal，as well.She said there was nowhere for her animals to eat.She added that there was not enough food for her own family，including her six children. UNICEF thinks that more than 150，000 children in such areas of Ethiopia have dropped out of school.They are needed to help find the limited amount of water and help their families with other work. One young boy was seen supporting an animal，a donkey.The donkey was once important for carrying goods But now，it had become too weak to walk on its own. [语篇解读]　新闻报道　文章讲述了东非地区出现严重的干旱及其原因，并阐述了干旱给东非人民和动物所带来的巨大影响。 9．Why did Zaynab Wali mention the last drought? A．To show the need to protect animals. B．To express her sense of loss this time. C．To prove the high frequency of drought. D．To praise the government for its timely help. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知 Zaynab Wali提到在上次的干旱中，政府甚至为动物分发食物，而在这次干旱中人们正常的食物供给都没有提供足够，故推知她提到上次的干旱是想表达她这次的失落感，故选B。 10．What is Somalia Consortium trying to do now? A．Get more foreign help. B．Warn people of the risk of drought. C．Offer more education to the children there. D．Make clear the number of people in need. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Somalia Consortium works to...more to the country.(索马里联合会致力于改善对索马里的国际援助。它在一份单独的声明中说，在索马里，有700多万人需要紧急帮助。它请求国际组织向该国提供更多援助。)”可知索马里联合会正在尽力去获得更多的国外援助，故选A。 11．What does the last paragraph mainly want to tell us? A．The sweet picture of the boy and the animal. B．The functions of animals in farming. C．The importance of caring for the weak animal. D．The seriousness of the drought. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知因干旱没有食物吃，驴虚弱地连走路都不行了，更别谈运货了，故本段主要运用驴的例子来告诉我们干旱的严重性，故选D。 12．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Drought in Eastern Africa Leaves Animals in Danger B．Drought Makes People of Eastern Africa Leave Their Home C．UN Officials Care for Children Affected by Drought D．Millions Face Risk as Drought Affects Eastern Africa 解析：选D　标题归纳题。文章第一句提出索马里、肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚都发出了严重干旱的警告，这场干旱影响东非数百万人。文章后面的段落对这次干旱的情况作了具体介绍，同时说明了干旱给当地的人们和动物所带来的巨大影响。“干旱影响东非，数百万人面临风险”适合作为本文标题，故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 Being prepared and knowing the right things you have to do during the flood will give you greater chance to be safe and survive.You can have something in mind. 1 Finding out how long the flood is expected to last will guide you in the proper measures and prevention you have to do.So do listen to the weather report.Don't pay attention to rumors(谣言). Prepare and keep necessary supplies that will be usable and will last long enough. Make sure that necessary items during the flood are ready. 2 They are candles，a radio，extra batteries，cash，phones，medicine，extra food，emergency cooking equipment，and bottled water，as water service may be cut off. Know the emergency numbers in your place. In case of emergency conditions where you need further help，you will be able to ask for help. 3 Stay in a safe place. 4 If your house is well-built and won't be affected by flood，then it may be the best place to be during a storm.Be aware of the flood signal in your place to help you decide where to stay and react to the condition.The flood often comes with the strong wind，so board up and close windows. 5 A．Know about the latest weather conditions in your area. B．We'll keep you updated with weather information all day. C．Important items to prepare for that will help you survive. D．You can dial 119 or communicate with the right department. E．Do check everything that might be blown away or turn loose. F．Stay away from low-lying places which may be swept away by storm waves. G．Run down to the sea as quickly as possible even if further flooding is likely to occur. [语篇解读]　说明文　文章介绍了在洪水来临时，要做好准备并知道你必须做的正确的事情，这些事情将会给你带来更大的生存和获救的机会。 1．解析：选A　根据下文“所以一定要听天气预报。”可知，A选项“Know about the latest weather conditions in your area.(了解你所在地区的最新天气情况。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。 2．解析：选C　根据上文“确保洪水期间的必要物品准备好了”，再根据下文“它们是蜡烛、收音机、备用电池、现金、电话、药品、额外食品、紧急烹饪设备和瓶装水，因为水服务可能会被切断。”可知，C选项“Important items to prepare for that will help you survive.(重要的东西要做好准备，这将有助于你的生存。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 3．解析：选D　根据上文“在需要进一步帮助的紧急情况下，你将能够寻求帮助。”可知，D选项“You can dial 119 or communicate with the right department.(你可以拨打119，或者与正确的部门联系。)”符合语境。故选D。 4．解析：选F　根据下文“如果你的房子建得很好，不会受到洪水的影响，那么它可能是暴风雨中最好的地方。”可知，F选项“Stay away from low-lying places which may be swept away by storm waves.(远离那些可能被暴风雨冲走的低洼地带。)”符合语境。故选F。 5．解析：选E　根据上文“洪水通常伴随着强风而来，所以用挡板围住和关闭窗户。”可知，E选项“Do check everything that might be blown away or turn loose.(要检查所有可能被吹走或变松的东西。)”符合语境。故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$