Unit 12 Section A 2d& Grammar Focus课件 -2025-2026学年人教版（2012）英语九年级全册

该初中英语课件围绕过去完成时展开，系统讲解其构成、“过去的过去”用法及判断依据，通过谋杀案悬疑情境导入，利用时间轴展示多个人物动作顺序（如7:00 Mr. Zhen离开家与7:10 Mr. He到达的先后），以动作对比为支架帮助学生理解先发生动作用过去完成时、后发生用一般过去时的知识脉络。 其亮点在于情境化与任务型结合，通过悬疑故事时间轴分析动作顺序（如7:30 Mr. Zhen到办公室与7:40 Mr. Sa到达的先后），培养学生思维品质（分析归纳语法规则），4c环节让学生结合自身经历写真实与虚假陈述（如“By the time I left for school, I had already had breakfast”）提升语言能力（语法应用与表达）。这种设计既激发学生学习兴趣，帮助其主动建构语法知识，又为教师提供直观教学支架和互动素材，提高教学效率。

Unit 12 Section A (2d&Grammar Focus-4c) Life is full of the unexpected. Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 1 Learning Objectives To explore the rules of past perfect tense. To work out the rules. To apply the rules. Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 2 Mr. Zhen was dead. There are three criminal suspects(嫌疑人). Do you know who killed him? Let’s find the murder together. Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 3 three criminal suspects(嫌疑人) Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 4 7:10 7:00 a.m. Mr. He reaches his home. Mr. Zhen leaves home. 7:40 7:30 Mr. Zhen gets to the office. now Mr. Sa comes to his office. 8:50 8:55 Mr. Zhen gets to the cafe. Mr. Bai gets to the cafe. Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 5 7:10 7:00 a.m. Before I reached Mr. Zhen’s home, he had left. Mr. He reaches his home. Mr. Zhen leaves his home. now Mr. Zhen 先离开 leave ---left ---left 先发生 过去完成时 后发生 过去时 Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 6 7:40 7:30 Mr. Zhen gets to the office. now Mr. Sa comes to his office. When I came to Mr. Zhen’s office, he had arrived(arrive) there. Mr. Zhen先到办公室 先发生 过去完成时 后发生 过去时 arrive -arrived -arrived Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 7 8.55 8.50 Mr. Bai gets to the café. now Mr. Zhen gets to café. By the time I arrived at the cafe, Mr. Zhen had got there. Mr.Bai was Lying. 先发生 过去完成时 后发生 过去时 get -got -got/gotten Mr. Zhen先到咖啡厅 Police found the coffee is poisonous(有毒的). Mr. Bai is the murder. Grammar Focus When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. 9 主句为过去完成时，从句是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前。 两个动作同时进行，主从句都是一般过去时或过去进行时。 When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. Grammar Focus 10 过去完成时由“助动词had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成 过去的过去 过去某时 现在 将来 过去完成时 从过去之前的某个时间点到过去的某个时间点为止 （先发生） （后发生） 1. 过去完成时的构成 2. 过去完成时的概念 过去完成时表示某动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 11 3. 过去完成时的句式类型 肯定句：主语＋had ＋过去分词＋… 否定句：主语＋ hadn’t ＋过去分词＋… 一般疑问句：Had ＋主语＋过去分词…？　 (Yes, 主语＋had. / No, 主语＋hadn’t.) 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had ＋主语＋过去分词＋…？ 1. 由时间状语来判定 (1) by + 过去的时间点。 I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。 (2) by the end of + 过去的时间点。 到...为止 (3) before + 过去的时间点。 在...之前 过去的过去，先发生 4. 过去完成时的判断依据 2. 由“过去的过去”判定 (1) 宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 如： She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她以前看过这电影。 看电影是在她说之前做的。 4. 过去完成时的判断依据 (2) 状语从句中: 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。 如： When I got to the station, the train had already left. 当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。 2. 由“过去的过去”判定 火车离开发生在我到达车站之前。 4. 过去完成时的判断依据 2. 由“过去的过去”判定 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧接着发生，则主、从句都用一般过去时。 如： After he closed the door, he left the classroom. 他关上门，离开了教室。 4. 过去完成时的判断依据 5. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 过去完成时：强调“过去的过去”； 一般过去时：强调过去某一特定的时间。 ①They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. 他们昨天十点前就到车站了。 ②They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 他们昨天十点到了车站。 1. 时间状语不同 2. 在过去的时间中，哪个先发生，哪个后发生。 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断： 先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。 She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition. 5. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 4a. Make sentences using by the time or before. 1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up. ______________________________________________________________ 2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee. ______________________________________________________________ 3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school. ______________________________________________________________ By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom. Before I could put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold. By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework. 19 4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended. ______________________________________________________________ 5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema. ______________________________________________________________ 6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended. The movie had already started before I arrived at the cinema. By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie. 4a. Make sentences using by the time or before. 20 4b. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. rush out forget arrive at go into show up find out By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else_______ already _________ . 2.When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he _____________to add the green beans. 3.By the time my mother came back from the market, I ____already ____________ the door to go for my piano lesson. had shown up had forgotten rushed out had 4. Before she got to the airport, she _____________ about the earthquake. 5. When she __________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog. 6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye,he____________ the building. arrived at had gone into rush out forget arrive at go into show up find out had found out 4b. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. 4c. Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement. 1.By the time I left for school in the morning, _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 2.By the end of the school day, __________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 3.By dinner time, I ______________________ I ______________________ I ______________________ I had already had breakfast. I had already taken a shower. I had already washed my face. I have got a present from Tom. I had had finished the test. I had finished my homework. had had too many apples. had eaten plenty of meat. have finished all the housework . 23 （ ）1.By the end of 1976, many buildings _____built in the city.   A. have been   B. have    C. had been  D. will （　 ）2.We _________the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished　 　　　B.would finish　　 C. had finished　 　D. had been finished Exercise （ ）3.That dinner was the most expensive meal we___. A. would have 　　　B. have had 　　　 C. had never had 　　D. had ever had （　 ) 4.Han Mei told me she _____lunch, so she was very hungry. A has had   B hasn't have   C have had  D hadn't had 从未吃过 还没有吃 Exercise 用括号中动词的正确时态填空。 1. He said he __________ (see)the movie already. 2. When he got to the cinema, the movie __________ (be) on for twenty minutes. 3. After Jim ____________ (finish)all his homework, he went to bed. 4. We ________________ (learn)20 English songs by the end of last month. 5. She ________ (arrive)before 7 o ’clock last night. Exercise had seen had been had finished had learned/learnt arrived Homework 1.Write a short passage about yourself according to the statements in 4c. e.g. I had a bad day yesterday. By the time I left for school in the morning, I … 2.Recite Grammar Focus. Tang原创课件 小红书Tang 27 $$