Unit 4 Section 4 & Project（拓展优质课）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册同步优质课件（沪教版2024）

该初中英语课件围绕中外重要发明主题，涵盖中国四大发明（活字印刷、造纸等）及蒸汽机的发展，通过Jane与毕昇的梦境故事导入，结合情境描述（如蔡伦造纸环节）搭建学习支架，引导学生从古代发明到工业革命发明梳理知识脉络，辅以图文步骤和时间线帮助理解。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质培养，通过中国四大发明的英语介绍增强家国情怀，对比蒸汽机发展体现人类文明交流，借助故事分析活字印刷步骤、讨论发明意义培养逻辑与批判思维，项目设计（如“折叠头盔”）提升语言表达与合作能力。学生能在实践中深化语言运用，教师可依托丰富素材高效落实核心素养教学。

By Yushen PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING，PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING 八年级英语备课组 2025.09 Inventions 8A Unit 4 Focusing on culture, Cross-curricular connection, Project 沪教版英语八年级上 By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen YOUR LOGO A UNIVERSITY 01 Lead in 02 03 Cross- curricular connection 04 Project focusing culture By Yushen By Yushen Learning objectives： 04 02 03 01 After learning this unit, I can: Explore Bi Sheng, movable - type printing steps briefly. Collaborate to solve life problems via inventions, make & present posters. Understand steam engine’s development & improvement. Deepen invention significance understanding, foster innovation. By Yushen By Yushen PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING，PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING Lead in PART 01 By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen 活字印刷术（Movable - type Printing） 人物专注摆弄泥活字，桌上有序排列活字模块，展现排版过程 Movable - type Printing Bi Sheng focuses on arranging movable clay types, with typesetting tools and printed pages around. 造纸术（Papermaking） 蔡伦与工匠协作，展现浸泡原料、抄纸、晾晒的造纸环节，体现工艺传承 PapermakingCai Lun guides craftsmen in soaking raw materials, making paper sheets, and drying them, showing the papermaking process. By Yushen By Yushen 火药（Gunpowder） 道士在丹炉前调配原料，丹炉烟雾缭绕，旁有早期火器，呈现火药起源与应用关联 ） Gunpowder（A Taoist priest adjusts ingredients by an alchemical furnace, with primitive firearms nearby, reflecting gunpowder’s origin from alchemy. ） 指南针（Compass） 水手在船上借助水浮指南针辨向，帆船航行于海浪间，体现航海导航用途 ） Compass（A sailor uses a floating compass to navigate on a sailing ship, with waves in the background, highlighting its navigation role. ） By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING，PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING Focusing on culture PART 02 By Yushen By Yushen Section 4 Extending and developing competencies Focusing on culture Ancient China have had a huge impact on the whole world. Let's learn about one of them. Read the story about Jane's encounter with a great inventor from ancient China. By Yushen By Yushen Movable type: a dream come true It was nearly ten o'clock at night. Jane was in bed. She was reading a book about the history of printing when she fell asleep. Suddenly, Jane found herself in a room. She could see a man by the desk, and he was working with clay. There was so much clay he didn't notice her. “Excuse me, what are you doing?” asked Jane. “I'm going to print a book, so I'm making type,” the man replied. “Type? What is it? Could you tell me more about it?” asked Jane. “Sure. First, I cut characters out of pieces of clay. Then I bake them with fire to make them hard. These ones are ready now—look, each character is a single piece of type. I need to make thousands of these before I can print the book,” said the man. By Yushen By Yushen “Could you show me how to print with them?” asked Jane. “First, spread out a thin layer of the gum on this metal plate. Next, place the metal plate so that the characters will meet. Then press down on the clay characters with an ink - bow to make sure the surface is even. Finally, brush the characters with ink—it's now ready to print,” he explained. “Oh, you must be Bi Sheng!” Jane said. “I learnt about you in the book! You invented movable - type printing and introduced metal movable type to Europe about 400 years later.” Bi Sheng smiled. At that moment Jane woke up. It was only a dream... She looked at the book in her hands and smiled. By Yushen By Yushen Bi Sheng was a craftsman and engineer in the Song dynasty. Sometime between 1038 and 1048, he invented movable - type printing technique. It is one of the four great inventions of ancient China. By Yushen By Yushen Describe the steps of printing a book with movable type with the information from the story on page 62. Step 1: ① Cut characters out of pieces of clay Step 2: ② Bake them with fire to make them hard Step 3: ③ Spread out a thin layer of the gum on this metal plate Step 4: ④ Place the metal plate so that the characters will meet Step 5: ⑤ Press down on the clay characters with an ink - bow to make sure the surface is even Step 6: ⑥ Brush the characters with ink Step 7: ⑦ Print the book By Yushen By Yushen (1) Bi Sheng was focusing on his work, so he didn't notice the girl at first. (2) We use metal to make tools and machines. (3) When he saw Bi Sheng, he was making type from clay. (4) We can heat the clay down to make it flat. (5) It's quicker to press the food in a microwave. (6) Gold, iron and silver are all different types of metal. By Yushen By Yushen 4 Discuss the questions below. (1) Why is the invention of printing important in history? The invention of printing is important in history mainly for these reasons. First, it made books and knowledge spread much more quickly and widely. Before printing, most books were copied by hand, which was slow and costly. Only a few people could get books. After printing was invented, more people could read books, learn knowledge, and this helped the spread of culture, science, and ideas. Second, it played a big role in the development of education. More textbooks could be printed, so more people had the chance to go to school and study. By Yushen By Yushen (2) What do you know about other great inventions of ancient China? Ancient China had four great inventions besides printing, like papermaking, the compass, and gunpowder. Papermaking provided cheap and good - quality paper for writing, which was better than bamboo slips or silk. It made recording and spreading information easier. The compass helped people find directions, especially useful for sailing. It made long - distance sea trips possible, promoting trade and cultural communication between different places. Gunpowder was first used in fireworks, and later in military affairs, changing the way of wars. Also, there are other inventions, such as the seismograph (地动仪) invented by Zhang Heng to detect earthquakes. By Yushen By Yushen Xuan paper is another important invention of ancient China. What do you know about it? Find more online. Exploring Xuan paper is a famous traditional paper from Anhui. It has a long history. It’s very good for Chinese calligraphy (书法) and painting. The paper can absorb ink well, making the writing and paintings look beautiful. It can keep for a long time, so many ancient Chinese artworks on Xuan paper are still in good condition now. It’s made from special materials and through traditional skills. By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING，PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING Cross-curricular connection PART 03 By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen Read the article about the development of the steam engine. Draw a timeline to describe the invention and improvement process of the steam engine. By Yushen By Yushen Stage Time Contributor Key Achievements Invention 1712 Thomas Newcomen Created the first steam engine (using piston, cylinder, boiler) to help mine metals/coal deeper. Improve ment After 1712 James Watt Enhanced Newcomen’s design, boosting engine power for broader uses (trains, ships, factories). Industrial Adaptation Watt’s era James Watt Added wheels/cogs, applying it to locomotives/steamboats, driving the Industrial Revolution. By Yushen 短语匹配题（根据中文从文中找出对应的英文） 纽科门蒸汽机 活塞和气缸 开采金属和煤炭 改进原始设计 提高发动机功率 为火车和轮船提供动力 车轮和齿轮 火车机车 工业革命 发挥巨大作用 Newcomen’s engine piston and cylinder mine for metals and coal improve on the original design increase the power of the engine power trains and ships wheels and cogs train locomotives the Industrial Revolution play a huge role By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING，PPT TEMPLATE OF LITERATURE NOVEL READING SHARING MEETING Project PART 04 By Yushen By Yushen Imagine that you are an inventor. Think about what you are going to invent to make our lives better. Step 1 In groups, brainstorm problems you want to solve. Use the questions and the example below to help you. • What is the problem? • Who needs help with this problem? • What are the possible ways of solving this problem? • A lot of people cycle to school and work. Bicycle helmets are not very convenient to carry around. • It is difficult for old people to climb stairs. Designing my invention By Yushen By Yushen Step 2 Discuss what kind of inventions can solve the problems. Step 3 Design your invention in groups. Use the example below to help you. Folding helmet by James, Sara and Alex INTRODUCTION We are going to make a new kind of bicycle helmet. It will be a folding helmet. PURPOSE A lot of people don’t wear helmets because it is difficult to carry them around. Our folding helmet will fit into a bag easily! With our invention, more people will wear helmets. It will keep more people safe. DESIGN The helmet is going to be made of hard plastic. It will shine in the dark. It will fit everybody. By Yushen By Yushen Step 4 Present your invention to the class. Then vote for the best invention in your class. Wits corner I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious. — Albert Einstein By Yushen By Yushen By Yushen 谢 谢 By Yushen By Yushen null 108576.0 Lavf58.20.100 null 62712.0 $$