精品解析：上海市青浦区华新中学2024-2025学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试卷

2024学年第二学期初二英语阶段练习试卷 （完卷时间：90分钟 满分：100分） Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 总分 I II III IV V VI VII 考生注意：答题时，考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。 Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力 共25分） I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片（5分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（7分） 6. A. Cloudy B. Rainy C. Sunny D. Windy 7. A. Playing badminton B. Playing tennis C. Swimming D. Cycling 8. A. At 2:15 B. At 11:15 C. At 10:15 D. At 9:15 9. A. Jane B. Tom C. Peter D. Mary 10. A. In a library B. In a book shop C. In the classroom D. At home 11. A. By bus B. In Mary’s car C. By underground D. On foot 12. A. To stay at home. B. To watch TV. C. To meet her cousins. D. To plant trees. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（5分） 13. Tim secretly played a computer game late into the night these days. 14. The new game was so exciting that Tim kept playing without any sleep. 15. The whole class laughed at Tim because he fell asleep in Mr. Lee’s lesson. 16. Tim could hardly see the words on the board and he made a mistake. 17. Tim learnt that he shouldn’t play too many computer games. D. Listen to the passage and complete the notes.（根据你所听到的内容，用适当的单词完成下面的笔记。每空格限填一个单词。）（共8分） 18. The museum is open from 9:00-17:00 ________ ________ to Sunday. 19. On the first floor, pay attention to the information ________ ________. 20. On the second floor, please look at some ________ ________ and read the stories about them. 21. While you are visiting, think about how they can make our lives ________ ________. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar 第二部分 语音、词汇和语法（共40分） II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）:（共15分） 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others? A. We need to give the car a thorough cleaning. B. Daisy obeyed the order. C. The cashier gave the money to the customer. D. She is watching, clapping politely. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列划线部分哪个发音不同于其他部分？ 考查单词的读音。thorough[ˈθʌrə]；obeyed[əˈbeɪd]；customer[ˈkʌstəmə(r)]；politely[pəˈlaɪtli]。选项B、C、D划线部分发音为[ə]；选项A划线部分发音为[ʌ]。故选A。 2. Suzy’s mother gave her ________ one-yuan coin as her pocket money. A. the B. an C. a D. / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：苏茜的妈妈给了她一枚一元硬币作为零花钱。 考查冠词用法。the这个，表特指；an一个，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a一个，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。“coin”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且“one-yuan”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故选C。 3. Would you please give us some _______ on writing English letter? A. tip B. idea C. advice D. suggestion 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能给我们一些写英文信的建议吗？ 考查名词辨析。tip提示，可数名词单数；idea想法，可数名词单数；advice建议，不可数名词；suggestion建议，可数名词单数。some“一些”修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故选C。 4. Farmers need ________ water to water the vegetables. A. a huge amount of B. quite a lot C. a huge amounts of D. a large number of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：农民需要大量的水来灌溉蔬菜。 考查形容词短语。a huge amount of“大量的”，后接不可数名词；quite a lot“相当多”，但使用时通常后接of再接名词 (quite a lot of)，或单独使用；a huge amounts of表达错误，amount被不定冠词a修饰时应用单数形式；a large number of“大量的”，后接可数名词复数。空后“water”是不可数名词，因此这里应用“a huge amount of”修饰。故选A。 5. Trees can communicate ________ one another, but we don’t know how. A. with B. to C. for D. on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：树木可以彼此交流，但我们不知道是如何做到的。 考查介词辨析。with和……；to向；for为了；on在……上。根据“one another”可知，此处指树木可以彼此交流。communicate with“和……交流”。故选A。 6. Water is very useful, _________ it is very dangerous if you don’t use it properly. A. so B. or C. but D. and 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：水非常有用，但是如果你没有恰当地使用它，它就会很危险。 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；but但是；and并且。根据“Water is very useful,...it is very dangerous...”可知，前后为转折关系。故选C。 7. All his passengers as well as the captain ________ alive when they were rescued from the sinking ship. A. was B. were C. is D. are 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：当他的所有乘客和船长从正在下沉的船被救出时，他们都还活着。 考查一般过去时和主谓一致。根据“when they were rescued from the sinking ship.”可知，该句时态为一般过去时；又根据分析句子可知，该句主语是All his passengers as well as the captain，as well as连接两个部分时，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就远原则”，即由All his passengers决定，所以此处be动词要用were。故选B。 8. The wind is blowing much ________ than before. You’d better go out now. A. strongly B. more strongly C. gently D. more gently 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：风刮得比刚才小多了。你最好现在就出去。 考查副词的比较级及副词辨析。strongly强有力地，副词原级；more strongly更强有力地，副词比较级；gently轻柔地，副词原级；more gently更轻柔地，副词比较级。根据“than before”可知，此处需用比较级。又根据“You’d better go out now”可知，风刮得更小了，所以可以出去。故选D。 9. In order to keep healthy, you ________ do enough exercise and have a good diet. A. need B. may C. ought to D. has to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你应当做足够的锻炼并保持良好饮食。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；may可能；ought to应该；has to必须。根据“do enough exercise and have a good diet”可知，做足够的锻炼和保持良好饮食是为了保持健康而提出的建议，表示建议用ought to。need在肯定句中为实义动词，后跟不定式作宾语，故排除。故选C。 10. Ben has got ________ tomato sauce for his pizza, so he needs to buy some. A. too many B. too few C. too little D. too much 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：本的披萨所需的番茄酱太少了，所以他需要去买一些。 考查形容词短语。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too few太少，修饰可数名词复数；too little太少，修饰不可数名词；too much太多，修饰不可数名词。“tomato sauce”是不可数名词，排除A选项和B选项。根据“so he needs to buy some”可知，由于番茄酱太少，所以要去买。故选C。 11. We want to encourage the group members ________ their ideas freely in the debate. A. sharing B. share C. shared D. to share 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们想鼓励小组成员在辩论中自由分享他们的想法。 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth. “鼓励某人做某事”，空格处需用动词不定式的to share。故选D。 12. Some trees can ________ themselves ________ being attacked. A. protect...from B. come...from C. hear...from D. learn...from 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：有些树木可以保护自己不被攻击。 考查动词词组辨析。protect...from保护……免受……；come from来自；hear from收到……来信；learn...from向……学习 。根据“Some trees can…themselves…being attacked.”可知，此处指“树木保护自己免受攻击”，protect...from符合语境。故选A。 13. Mike can’t come to the phone now. He ________ a shower. A. has B. is having C. will have D. had 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：麦克现在不能来接电话。他正在洗澡。 考查现在进行时。根据“can’t come to the phone now”可知，麦克此刻正在洗澡，所以不能来接电话，需用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作，结构为am/is/are doing。故选B。 14. I wonder ________. A. when the university campus in China will be open to the public B. when will the university campus in China be open to the public C. when would be open to the university campus in China D. when the university campus in China would be open to the public 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道中国的大学校园何时将对公众开放。 考查宾语从句。句子结构可知，主句为“I wonder”，表示“我想知道”，其后接宾语从句；宾语从句需使用陈述语序，而非疑问语序，排除B和C；主句“I wonder”使用了一般现在时，宾语从句可根据实际时间选择时态，此处讨论未来开放校园的计划，需用一般将来时 (will be open)，而“would be open”为过去将来时，排除D。故选A。 15. —You’d better read English books more often if you want to improve your reading ability. — _______ A. That’s good. B. It doesn’t matter. C. I’m afraid not. D. Thanks. I will take your advice. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的阅读能力，你最好多读英语书。 考查情景交际。That’s good那很好；It doesn’t matter没关系；I’m afraid not恐怕不行；Thanks. I will take your advice谢谢。我会采纳你的建议。根据“You’d better read English books more often if you want to improve your reading ability.”可知，说话者建议对方通过多读英语书来提高阅读能力，所以应该表示感谢。故选D。 III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（4分） 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填词，每词只能填一次。 A. trick B. alive C. open D. close E. must There was once a wise old lady who lived on a hill. All the children used to go and ask her questions. She always gave them perfect answers. There was a little boy among the children. One day he caught a little bird and held it in his hands without anybody seeing it. Suddenly he had an idea and asked his friends to go with him. “Let’s ___16___ the old lady,” he said. “I’ll ask her what I’m holding in my hands. Of course, she’ll answer that I have a bird. Then I’ll ask her whether the bird is alive or not. If she says the bird is dead, then I’ll ___17___ my hands and let the bird fly away. If she says the bird is alive, I’ll quickly kill it and show her the dead bird. Either way, she’ll be wrong.” The children agreed this was a clever plan. So they all went to the old lady’s house together. “Granny, we have a question for you,” they all shouted. “What’s in my hands?” the little boy asked. “Why, of course it ___18___ be a bird,” the old lady replied. “But is it ___19___ or dead?” the boy asked excitedly. All the boys waited for her answer and got ready to laugh at her. The old lady thought for a moment and then replied, “It’s up to you, my dear child. If you’re kind enough, it’ll be alive.” 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. E 19. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个小男孩试图用一只鸟捉弄一位智慧的老妇人，但老妇人用巧妙的回答化解了陷阱的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：他说，“我们来骗骗这位老太太吧”。根据分析句子“Let’s…the old lady”，结合前后语境和备选词可知，此处考查：let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，祈使句，所以应该填入trick，动词原形，意为“欺骗、戏弄”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：如果她说鸟死了，那我就打开双手让鸟飞走。根据空格前“I’ll”可知，该句时态一般将来时，结构为：will+动词原形；又根据空格后“my hands and let the bird fly away.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入open，意为“打开”，指的是打开双手让鸟飞走。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：老太太回答，“哎呀，当然它一定是一只鸟”。根据空格后“be a bird”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入must，情态动词，后跟动词原形，意为“一定”，表达当然它一定是一只鸟。故选E。 【19题详解】 句意：男孩兴奋地问，“但它是活的还是死的？”。根据分析句子“But is it…or dead?”可知，此处应该填入形容词，作表语，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入alive，意为“活着的”符合语境。故选B。 IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（7分） 20. The old couple have enough time to go on some ________ after retiring. (journey) 【答案】journeys 【解析】 【详解】句意：这对老夫妇退休后有足够的时间去旅行。根据所给词可知，journey“旅行”，可数名词；又根据空格前“some”后跟可数名词复数，所以此处应该填入journey的复数形式journeys，在句中作宾语。故填journeys。 21 I haven’t made a ________ about what to do next. (decide) 【答案】decision 【解析】 【详解】句意：我还没有决定下一步要做什么。空处位于“a”后，填可数名词单数作宾语。decide“决定”，动词，名词为decision“决定”，可数名词。故填decision。 22. Don’t be ________. It will be your turn in a minute. (patient) 【答案】impatient 【解析】 【详解】句意：别不耐烦。马上就到你了。根据下文“It will be your turn in a minute.”可知，马上就到你了，这是在安慰对方；结合空前“Don’t be...”的否定祈使句结构，这里是劝对方别不耐烦，应用形容词patient“耐心的”的反义词impatient“不耐烦的；无耐心的”，形容词，在句中作“be”的表语。故填impatient。 23. Can you see the words on the blackboard ________? (clear) 【答案】clearly 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能清楚地看到黑板上的字吗？clear“清楚的”，形容词；clearly“清楚地”，副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词see，应使用副词形式，故填clearly。 24. The government should stop farmers using different kinds of ________ to plant vegetables. (chemistry) 【答案】chemicals 【解析】 【详解】句意：政府应该阻止农民使用不同种类的化学品来种植蔬菜。根据“using different kinds of”可知，此处填名词作宾语；“chemistry”的名词形式为chemicals，意为“化学品”，为可数名词；根据“different kinds of”可知，此处填名词复数形式chemicals。故填chemicals。 25. I can’t think of a possible ________ for her absence. (explain) 【答案】explanation 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想不出她缺席的可能原因。根据空前“a possible”可知，这里应用一个名词，因此需将explain改为其名词形式explanation“解释”，空前有不定冠词“a”，这里应用名词单数形式。故填explanation。 26. The driver should be ________ for the accident. (responsibility) 【答案】responsible 【解析】 【详解】句意：司机应该对这起事故负责。根据be动词后需接形容词作表语，以及“responsibility”是名词，意为“责任”，其对应的形容词“responsible”，表示“负责的”，且“be responsible for”意为“对……负责”。故填responsible。 V. rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。）（共14分） 27. Peter’s thinking about ways to fight pollution. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Peter ________ about ways to fight pollution? 【答案】 ①. Is ②. thinking 【解析】 【详解】句意：彼得正在想办法对抗污染。根据分析陈述句可知，该句时态为现在进行时，谓语是is thinking，该句变为一般疑问句，只需要把be动词is提到句首，首字母要大写即可。故填Is；thinking。 28. Trees are wonderful natural air conditioners.（改为感叹句） ________ __________ natural air conditioners trees are! 【答案】 ①. What ②. wonderful 【解析】 【详解】句意：树木是极好的天然空调。改为感叹句时，中心词为“air conditioners”，应用what引导，句首首字母大写，后接形容词wonderful。故填What；wonderful。 29. He wrote a report after they concluded the meeting. (保持句意不变) He ________ write a report ________ they concluded the meeting. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. until 【解析】 【详解】句意：他在会议结束后写了一份报告。根据分析原句可知，该句时态为一般过去时，保持句意不变可转换为“他直到会议结束才写报告”，即“not...until…”结构；又根据wrote是实义动词，所以此处表达否定要借助助动词didn’t，后跟动词原形。故填didn’t；until。 30. I bought 100 grams of sugar from the supermarket. (对划线部分提问) ____________________ sugar did you buy from the supermarket? 【答案】How much 【解析】 【详解】句意：我从超市买了100克糖。根据下划线部分“100 grams of”可知，此处提问数量；又根据sugar是不可数名词，所以此处应该用疑问词组：how much，位于句首，引导特殊疑问句，首字母要大写。故填How much。 31. There are a few swimmers in the pool. (补全反意疑问句) There are a few swimmers in the pool, ________________________? 【答案】aren’t there 【解析】 【详解】句意：游泳池里有几个游泳者。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则；又根据分析句子可知，主句“There are a few swimmers”为肯定句(a few表示“有一些”，含肯定意义)，故疑问部分用否定形式：aren’t there。故填aren’t there。 32. Judy is wondering. Does Mike surf the Internet every day? (将两句并成一句) Judy is wondering ________ Mike ________ the Internet every day. 【答案】 ①. if##whether ②. surfs 【解析】 【详解】句意：朱迪在想。迈克每天都上网吗？要求合并句子，合并后，“Does Mike surf the Internet every day?”需作为宾语从句嵌入“Judy is wondering.”中，充当“is wondering”的宾语；“Does Mike surf the Internet every day?”为一般疑问句，转换为宾语从句时，需用if或whether“是否”引导，且宾语从句必须用陈述语序，而非疑问语序，因此需去掉助动词“does”；“every day”表示习惯性动作，从句应用一般现在时，且主语“Mike”为第三人称单数，谓语动词“surf”应用其三单形式surfs。故填if/whether；surfs。 33. their behaviors, ought to, in public, pay attention to, people (连词成句) ___________________________________________________________. 【答案】People ought to pay attention to their behaviors in public 【解析】 【详解】根据所给单词以及符号可知，此句为一般陈述句。people意为“人们”，名词作主语；ought to意为“应该”，后应加动词原形放于主语后；pay attention to意为“注意”，动词原形作谓语动词；their behaviors意为“他们的行为”，名词作宾语；in public意为“在公众场合”。故填People ought to pay attention to their behaviors in public“人们应该注意自己在公共场合的行为”。 Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分 阅读和写话 共35分） VI. Reading Comprehension（阅读理解）（共25分） A. Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（6分） Can kids make their own newspapers? They do in Paris. Student editors at a French newspaper for kids called “Mon Quotidien”, do every day. The 10-year-old newspaper has its headquarters (总部) in Paris. Sometimes the newspaper sells 200,000 copies every day. It gets more than one million dollars every year! This is much more than other newspapers. How do they decide what to put in the paper? All the adult editors working on the children’s daily agree that the paper should be easy to read. Kids should be able to finish it within 10 minutes. The papercoversschool life, animals, and science, which are usually kids’ favourite subjects. It also talks about big world problems, like the Iraq war. In order to make the paper more popular with kids, adult editors invite students from age 10 to 15 to take part in their meetings. They have meetings every Wednesday and Sunday. Adult editors, reporters and kids sit together and decide which topics should come out in the paper and on which page. Which topic should come out on the front page, European Union (欧盟) or bears in the zoo? Often the kid editors and adult writers disagree. Sometimes, the adult editors have to give up because their little editors won’t give in. Usually the student editors stay in the newspaper office for three hours at each meeting. Any kid in France can call the newspaper if they are interested in being a one-day editor. 34. A kid can read Mon Quotidien _________. A. daily B. on school days C. twice a week D. at weekends 35. Mon Quotidien __________. A. is a 10-year-old English newspaper B. is made only by kids C. always sells 200,000 copies every day D. gets over 1,000,000 dollars every year 36. The underlined word “covers” in Paragraph 4 means _________. A. hides B. leads C. reports D. travels 37. You can find the information below on the newspaper except __________. A. school life B. animals C. science D. examination paper 38. Adult editors may invite ____________ to the meeting to make the paper more popular with kids. A a college student B. a middle school student C. an adult editor D. a reporter 39. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The topic on the front page is decided by adult editors at last. B. Any kid in France can be a one-day editor. C. Only big world problem can come out on the front page. D. When the kid editors and adult writers have different ideas, adults never give in. 【答案】34. A 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了法国孩子可以在一家法国的报纸当一天编辑。这种为孩子们办的报纸名为Mon Quotidien，已有十年的历史，有时一天卖出20万份，每年收入超过一百万美元。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Can kids make their own newspapers? They do in Paris. Student editors at a French newspaper for kids called ‘Mon Quotidien’, do every day.”可知，孩子们每天都能读Mon Quotidien。故选A。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“It gets more than one million dollars every year!”可知，这个报纸每年可以挣一百多万美元。故选D。 【36题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“school life, animals, and science”和“It also talks about big world problem”可知，这里是在说Mon Quotidien报道什么内容，covers的意思应该是reports。故选C。 37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The papercoversschool life, animals, and science, ... It also talks about big world problem,…”可知，报纸报道学校生活、动物、科学和重大的世界问题，因此可排除A、B、C三个选项。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In order to make the paper more popular with kids, adult editors invite students from age 10 to 15 to take part in their meetings.”可知，为了使报纸更受孩子们的欢迎，编辑邀请10至15岁的孩子们参加会议；中学生符合这个年龄阶段。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Any kid in France can call the newspaper if they are interested in being a one-day editor.”可知，在法国任何一个孩子都可以为这家报纸作为期一天的编辑工作。故选B。 B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）:（共6分） Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文。) Technology is the use of knowledge to invent new tools. Throughout history, technology has made people’s lives easier. Early humans set themselves ____40____ other animals when they learned to use stones as weapons or tools. This began a period that is known as the Stone Age. Stone Age people also learned to make pottery from clay. Later on, people learned to work with ____41____. The people of Anatolia made copper tools and weapons as early as 6500 BC. In about 3000 BC people discovered that mixing copper with tin formed bronze. This discovery began the Bronze Age. Two important ____42____ took place in the Middle East at the beginning of the Bronze Age. One was the invention of the ox-drawn plow (犁). The other was the invention of the wheel and axle (车轴). Many scientists date the beginning of civilization, or advanced culture, to this time. In the 1000s BC the Hittite people of Anatolia learned to work with iron, which is stronger than bronze. This began the Iron Age. ____43____, people throughout the world made iron tools and weapons. A period called the Middle Ages began in about AD 500 and lasted ____44____ about 1500. Many advances during this time came from other places-for example, China, Persia and India. By about the 1400s, Europeans learned the Chinese technique of casting iron. This involved ____45____ iron and pouring it into a mold to harden. Chinese inventors also developed black powder, the original form of gunpowder. New sources of powder were developed during this time. Two kinds of technology helped to end the Middle Ages and to begin modern times. The rudder (a part for driving a ship) the compass made it possible the sea voyages of European explorers. 40. A. afraid of B. angry with C. different from D. careful with 41. A. cotton B. metal C. plastic D. wood 42. A. wars B. thoughts C. discoveries D. developments 43. A. After that B. However C. In addition D. In return 44. A. during B. in C. for D. until 45. A. cutting B. heating C. inventing D. using 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了各个时期技术和工具发展。 【40题详解】 句意：当早期人类学会使用石头作为武器或工具时，他们就把自己与其他动物区别开来。 afraid of害怕；angry with和……生气；different from与……不同；careful with小心。根据“Early humans set themselves ... other animals when they learned to use stones as weapons or tools.”可知，早期人类与动物的不同，在于人类会使用武器和工具。故选C。 【41题详解】 句意：后来，人们学会了用金属工作。 cotton棉花；metal金属；plastic塑料；wood木材。根据下文“This discovery began the Bronze Age.”可知，铜器时代，铜属于金属，故此处指人们用金属工作。故选B。 【42题详解】 句意：在青铜时代初期，中东产生了两个重要的发展。 wars战争；thoughts想法；discoveries发现；developments发展。根据“One was the invention of the ox-drawn plow (犁). The other was the invention of the wheel and axle (车轴).”可知，犁和车轮以及车轴的出现，说明技术在不断进步，故此处指两个重要的发展。故选D。 【43题详解】 句意：此后，世界各地的人们开始制造铁制工具和武器。 After that在那之后；However然而；In addition此外；In return作为回报。根据“This began the Iron Age. ”可知，铁器时代开始后，人们开始用铁制作工具和武器。故选A。 【44题详解】 句意：中世纪大约开始于公元500年，一直持续到大约1500年。 during在……期间；in在……里面；for为了；until直到。根据“A period called the Middle Ages began in about AD 500 and lasted ... about 1500.”可知，中世纪从公元500年开始，直到1500年结束。故选D。 【45题详解】 句意：这包括加热铁并将其倒入模具中使其变硬。 cutting砍，剪；heating加热；inventing发明；using使用。根据“pouring it into a mold to harden”可知，此处把铁加热至融化，然后倒入模具中使其变硬。故选B。 C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当地词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（6分） The Rise of Electric Vehicles Electric cars, also called EVs, are getting more popular all over the world. People like them because they are good for the environment. These cars don’t use gasoline. Instead, they use electricity that comes from b___46___. You can fill them up at special places called charging stations, which are becoming more common in cities and along highways. This makes it easier for people to travel long distances w___47___ worrying about running out of power. The very first electric car was made way back in the 1830s, a long time before cars that use gasoline were invented. However, electric cars only started to become more popular in recent years. This is because the technology got better and people started to care more about k___48___ the Earth clean. One of the best things about electric cars is that they don’t make bad gases that can hurt the air and the Earth. They don’t have loud engines like gasoline cars, so they are q___49___, which makes driving them more peaceful and enjoyable. But, there are some problems too. One issue is that electric cars can’t go as far on one charge as gasoline cars can go on one tank of gas. In addition, it can be hard to find p___50___ to charge the car in some areas. Even with the problems, the future of electric cars still looks b___51___. Lots of countries and companies are working to make them better. They’re putting up more places to charge and making the batteries l___52___ longer. As more people buy electric cars, they’ll get cheaper for everyone. Moving to electric cars is great for keeping our planet clean. When we pick electric cars, we save money and help stop pollution. Electric cars are not just a cool new thing; they are part of a big change for a better world. 【答案】46. (b)atteries 47 (w)ithout 48. (k)eeping 49. (q)uieter 50. (p)laces 51. (b)right 52. (l)ast 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了电动车的优势和存在的问题。 【46题详解】 句意：相反，它们使用来自电池的电。根据“Instead, they use electricity that comes from...”以及首字母“b”可知，此处指电池，“batteries”（电池，复数形式）符合语境，因为通常电动汽车的电是由多个电池提供的，所以用复数形式。“from batteries”表示“来自电池”。故填(b)atteries。 【47题详解】 句意：这使人们长途旅行很容易，不同担心用完电。根据“which are becoming more common in cities and along highways”以及首字母可知，此处表示不用担心用完电，without“没有”符合语境。故填(w)ithout。 【48题详解】 句意：这是因为科技越来越好，人们开始更关心保持地球干净。根据“This is because the technology got better and people started to care more about … the Earth clean”以及首字母可知是保持地球干净，“keeping”（保持）符合语境，“care about doing sth.”表示“关心做某事”，about是介词，后面应用动词的动名词形式。故填(k)eeping。 【49题详解】 句意：它们不会像油车一样那么大声，所以它们更安静。根据“They don’t have loud engines”以及首字母可知它们更安静，此处用quiet“安静的”。根据“which makes driving them more peaceful and enjoyable”可知，此处需用比较级。故填(q)uieter。 【50题详解】 句意：此外，在一些地区可能很难找到给汽车充电的地方。根据“it can be hard to find... to charge the car in some areas”以及首字母可知，“places”（地方，复数形式）符合语境，因为说的是在一些地区找充电的地方，应该是多个地方，所以用复数形式。故填(p)laces。 【51题详解】 句意：即使有这些问题，电车的未来仍然是光明的。根据“Lots of countries and companies are working to make them better.”以及首字母可知，电车未来是光明的，bright“光明的”符合语境。故填(b)right。 【52题详解】 句意：他们正在建立更多的充电地点，并使电池使用时间更长。根据“They’re putting up more places to charge and making the batteries … longer”，再结合首字母提示可知，此处应表示使电池持续时间更长，make sth./sb. do“使某物/某人做”，因此此处应用动词原形last“持续”。故填(l)ast。 D. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（7分） Kuakuaqun is social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness, support and comfort to others in the group. The new chat groups have become popular with young people. According to media reports, the first such online praise group was formed by a few users of Douban, one of the major online social networks, for fun. However, the idea has caught on and praise-seeking chat groups have become popular among college students across the country. It was hard to understand Kuakuaqun at first. What kind of value do kind words have if I am paying someone to say them? Lin Yingying from Quanzhou described the groups as “a joke”, but also offered some insight (见解). “We rarely hear nice things in real life,” Lin said, “maybe we are not good at telling people...that we are not feeling well...” She thinks it is easier for people to share their problems online. Kuakuaqun doesn’t only exist in China. No matter where you come from, it is common to hear someone say, “You are not good enough.” There is a certain beauty in giving encouragement to others. Perhaps that is why so many young people have joined the groups. A reporter from Russia Today wrote about a post in which someone admitted that they woke up at 2 pm one day. One user replied, “You must care about your health very much as you sleep for so long, praise you.” That praise sounds hollow, but the humor doesn’t. Maybe that is the real value. A good joke can brighten anybody’s day. Experts have said that the popularity of Kuakuaqun reflects the users’ stressful, anxious and lonely mentalities (心态). It creates a positive and friendly environment for people that may help them get confidence again. 53. What is Kuakuaqun? ___________________________________________ 54. Where have praise-seeking chat groups become popular? ___________________________________________ 55. It was easy to understand Kuakuaqun at first, wasn’t it? ___________________________________________ 56. Why does Lin Yingying from Quanzhou think people share problems more easily online? ___________________________________________ 57. What does the popularity of kuakuaqun reflect according to experts? ____________________________________________ 58. Do you want to join Kuakuaqun? Why or why not? ____________________________________________ 【答案】53. Kuakuaqun is social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness, support and comfort to others in the group. 54. Among college students across the country. 55. No, it wasn’t. 56. Because people rarely hear nice things in real life and are not good at telling others that they are not feeling well. 57. It reflects the users’ stressful, anxious and lonely mentalities. 58. Yes. Because it creates a positive environment and helps people regain confidence. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“夸夸群”这一新兴社交媒体聊天群的起源、功能、流行原因及其反映的社会心态。 【53题详解】 根据“Kuakuaqun is social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness, support and comfort to others in the group.”可知，夸夸群是一种社交媒体聊天群，人们付费加入并通过表达善意、支持和安慰他人获得报酬。故填Kuakuaqun is social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness, support and comfort to others in the group. 【54题详解】 根据“praise-seeking chat groups have become popular among college students across the country.”可知，夸夸群在全国大学生中流行。故填Among college students across the country. 【55题详解】 根据“It was hard to understand Kuakuaqun at first.”可知，最初理解夸夸群并不容易。故填No, it wasn’t. 【56题详解】 根据“‘We rarely hear nice things in real life,’ Lin said, ‘maybe we are not good at telling people...that we are not feeling well...’”可知，她认为人们在现实生活中很少听到赞美，也不擅长表达自己的负面情绪，所以人们更容易在网上分享他们的问题。故填Because people rarely hear nice things in real life and are not good at telling others that they are not feeling well. 【57题详解】 根据“Experts have said that the popularity of Kuakuaqun reflects the users’ stressful, anxious and lonely mentalities (心态).”可知，专家认为夸夸群的流行反映了用户压力大、焦虑和孤独的心态。故填It reflects the users’ stressful, anxious and lonely mentalities. 【58题详解】 开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. Because it creates a positive environment and helps people regain confidence. VII. Writing（作文）（共10分） 59. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation (根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格) 学生会成员李华在校园文明检查过程中发现了一些浪费资源和破坏绿化的不良行为。假设你是李华，请给全校同学写一封以“Be green at school”为题的环保倡议书，具体指出两类不良行为并给出建议。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Be green at school Dear schoolmates, As a student leader, I noticed some problems. First, many classmates leave lights on and waste water in restrooms. Second, some step on grass and break tree branches. Let’s take action! Please remember to turn off lights and close taps. When walking on campus, protect plants and join tree-planting activities. Small changes make a big difference. Together, we can build a greener school! Li Hua Student Union 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍发现的不良行为； 第二步，具体介绍建议怎么做； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①step on grass 踩在草地上 ②take action 采取行动 ③turn off lights 关灯 ④make a big difference 产生重大影响 [高分句型] ①Please remember to turn off lights and close taps.（祈使句） ②When walking on campus, protect plants and join tree-planting activities.（并列结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第二学期初二英语阶段练习试卷 （完卷时间：90分钟 满分：100分） Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 总分 I II III IV V VI VII 考生注意：答题时，考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。 Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力 共25分） I. Listening Comprehension（听力理解） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片（5分） 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（7分） 6. A. Cloudy B. Rainy C. Sunny D. Windy 7. A. Playing badminton B. Playing tennis C. Swimming D. Cycling 8. A. At 2:15 B. At 11:15 C. At 10:15 D. At 9:15 9. A. Jane B. Tom C. Peter D. Mary 10. A. In a library B. In a book shop C. In the classroom D. At home 11. A. By bus B. In Mary’s car C. By underground D. On foot 12. A. To stay at home. B. To watch TV. C. To meet her cousins. D. To plant trees. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（5分） 13. Tim secretly played a computer game late into the night these days. 14. The new game was so exciting that Tim kept playing without any sleep. 15. The whole class laughed at Tim because he fell asleep in Mr. Lee’s lesson. 16. Tim could hardly see the words on the board and he made a mistake. 17. Tim learnt that he shouldn’t play too many computer games. D. Listen to the passage and complete the notes.（根据你所听到的内容，用适当的单词完成下面的笔记。每空格限填一个单词。）（共8分） 18. The museum is open from 9:00-17:00 ________ ________ to Sunday. 19. On the first floor, pay attention to the information ________ ________. 20. On the second floor, please look at some ________ ________ and read the stories about them. 21. While you are visiting think about how they can make our lives ________ ________. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar 第二部分 语音、词汇和语法（共40分） II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）:（共15分） 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others? A. We need to give the car a thorough cleaning. B. Daisy obeyed the order. C. The cashier gave the money to the customer. D. She is watching, clapping politely. 2. Suzy’s mother gave her ________ one-yuan coin as her pocket money. A. the B. an C. a D. / 3. Would you please give us some _______ on writing English letter? A. tip B. idea C. advice D. suggestion 4 Farmers need ________ water to water the vegetables. A. a huge amount of B. quite a lot C. a huge amounts of D. a large number of 5. Trees can communicate ________ one another, but we don’t know how. A. with B. to C. for D. on 6. Water is very useful, _________ it is very dangerous if you don’t use it properly. A. so B. or C. but D. and 7. All his passengers as well as the captain ________ alive when they were rescued from the sinking ship. A. was B. were C. is D. are 8. The wind is blowing much ________ than before. You’d better go out now. A. strongly B. more strongly C. gently D. more gently 9. In order to keep healthy, you ________ do enough exercise and have a good diet. A. need B. may C. ought to D. has to 10. Ben has got ________ tomato sauce for his pizza, so he needs to buy some. A. too many B. too few C. too little D. too much 11. We want to encourage the group members ________ their ideas freely in the debate. A. sharing B. share C. shared D. to share 12. Some trees can ________ themselves ________ being attacked. A. protect...from B. come...from C. hear...from D. learn...from 13. Mike can’t come to the phone now. He ________ a shower. A. has B. is having C. will have D. had 14. I wonder ________. A. when the university campus in China will be open to the public B. when will the university campus in China be open to the public C. when would be open to the university campus in China D. when the university campus in China would be open to the public 15. —You’d better read English books more often if you want to improve your reading ability. — _______ A. That’s good. B. It doesn’t matter. C. I’m afraid not. D. Thanks. I will take your advice. III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（4分） 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填词，每词只能填一次。 A. trick B. alive C. open D. close E. must There was once a wise old lady who lived on a hill All the children used to go and ask her questions. She always gave them perfect answers. There was a little boy among the children. One day he caught a little bird and held it in his hands without anybody seeing it. Suddenly he had an idea and asked his friends to go with him. “Let’s ___16___ the old lady,” he said. “I’ll ask her what I’m holding in my hands. Of course, she’ll answer that I have a bird. Then I’ll ask her whether the bird is alive or not. If she says the bird is dead, then I’ll ___17___ my hands and let the bird fly away. If she says the bird is alive, I’ll quickly kill it and show her the dead bird. Either way, she’ll be wrong.” The children agreed this was a clever plan. So they all went to the old lady’s house together. “Granny, we have a question for you,” they all shouted. “What’s in my hands?” the little boy asked. “Why, of course it ___18___ be a bird,” the old lady replied. “But is it ___19___ or dead?” the boy asked excitedly. All the boys waited for her answer and got ready to laugh at her. The old lady thought for a moment and then replied “It’s up to you, my dear child. If you’re kind enough, it’ll be alive.” IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（7分） 20. The old couple have enough time to go on some ________ after retiring. (journey) 21. I haven’t made a ________ about what to do next. (decide) 22. Don’t be ________. It will be your turn in a minute. (patient) 23. Can you see the words on the blackboard ________? (clear) 24. The government should stop farmers using different kinds of ________ to plant vegetables. (chemistry) 25. I can’t think of a possible ________ for her absence. (explain) 26. The driver should be ________ for the accident. (responsibility) V. rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。）（共14分） 27. Peter’s thinking about ways to fight pollution. (改为一般疑问句) ________ Peter ________ about ways to fight pollution? 28. Trees are wonderful natural air conditioners.（改为感叹句） ________ __________ natural air conditioners trees are! 29. He wrote a report after they concluded the meeting. (保持句意不变) He ________ write a report ________ they concluded the meeting. 30. I bought 100 grams of sugar from the supermarket. (对划线部分提问) ____________________ sugar did you buy from the supermarket? 31. There are a few swimmers in the pool. (补全反意疑问句) There are a few swimmers in the pool, ________________________? 32. Judy is wondering. Does Mike surf the Internet every day? (将两句并成一句) Judy is wondering ________ Mike ________ the Internet every day. 33. their behaviors, ought to, in public, pay attention to, people (连词成句) ___________________________________________________________. Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分 阅读和写话 共35分） VI. Reading Comprehension（阅读理解）（共25分） A. Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（6分） Can kids make their own newspapers? They do in Paris. Student editors at a French newspaper for kids called “Mon Quotidien”, do every day. The 10-year-old newspaper has its headquarters (总部) in Paris. Sometimes the newspaper sells 200,000 copies every day. It gets more than one million dollars every year! This is much more than other newspapers. How do they decide what to put in the paper? All the adult editors working on the children’s daily agree that the paper should be easy to read. Kids should be able to finish it within 10 minutes. The papercoversschool life, animals, and science, which are usually kids’ favourite subjects. It also talks about big world problems, like the Iraq war. In order to make the paper more popular with kids, adult editors invite students from age 10 to 15 to take part in their meetings. They have meetings every Wednesday and Sunday. Adult editors, reporters and kids sit together and decide which topics should come out in the paper and on which page. Which topic should come out on the front page, European Union (欧盟) or bears in the zoo? Often the kid editors and adult writers disagree. Sometimes, the adult editors have to give up because their little editors won’t give in. Usually the student editors stay in the newspaper office for three hours at each meeting. Any kid in France can call the newspaper if they are interested in being a one-day editor. 34. A kid can read Mon Quotidien _________. A. daily B. on school days C. twice a week D. at weekends 35. Mon Quotidien __________. A. is a 10-year-old English newspaper B. is made only by kids C. always sells 200,000 copies every day D. gets over 1,000,000 dollars every year 36. The underlined word “covers” in Paragraph 4 means _________. A. hides B. leads C. reports D. travels 37. You can find the information below on the newspaper except __________. A. school life B. animals C. science D. examination paper 38. Adult editors may invite ____________ to the meeting to make the paper more popular with kids. A. a college student B. a middle school student C. an adult editor D. a reporter 39. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The topic on the front page is decided by adult editors at last. B. Any kid in France can be a one-day editor. C. Only big world problem can come out on the front page. D. When the kid editors and adult writers have different ideas, adults never give in. B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）:（共6分） Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文。) Technology is the use of knowledge to invent new tools. Throughout history, technology has made people’s lives easier. Early humans set themselves ____40____ other animals when they learned to use stones as weapons or tools. This began a period that is known as the Stone Age. Stone Age people also learned to make pottery from clay. Later on, people learned to work with ____41____. The people of Anatolia made copper tools and weapons as early as 6500 BC. In about 3000 BC people discovered that mixing copper with tin formed bronze. This discovery began the Bronze Age. Two important ____42____ took place in the Middle East at the beginning of the Bronze Age. One was the invention of the ox-drawn plow (犁). The other was the invention of the wheel and axle (车轴). Many scientists date the beginning of civilization, or advanced culture, to this time. In the 1000s BC the Hittite people of Anatolia learned to work with iron, which is stronger than bronze. This began the Iron Age. ____43____, people throughout the world made iron tools and weapons. A period called the Middle Ages began in about AD 500 and lasted ____44____ about 1500. Many advances during this time came from other places-for example, China, Persia and India. By about the 1400s, Europeans learned the Chinese technique of casting iron. This involved ____45____ iron and pouring it into a mold to harden. Chinese inventors also developed black powder, the original form of gunpowder. New sources of powder were developed during this time. Two kinds of technology helped to end the Middle Ages and to begin modern times. The rudder (a part for driving a ship) the compass made it possible the sea voyages of European explorers. 40. A. afraid of B. angry with C. different from D. careful with 41. A. cotton B. metal C. plastic D. wood 42. A. wars B. thoughts C. discoveries D. developments 43. A. After that B. However C. In addition D. In return 44. A. during B. in C. for D. until 45. A. cutting B. heating C. inventing D. using C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当地词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（6分） The Rise of Electric Vehicles Electric cars, also called EVs, are getting more popular all over the world. People like them because they are good for the environment. These cars don’t use gasoline. Instead, they use electricity that comes from b___46___. You can fill them up at special places called charging stations, which are becoming more common in cities and along highways. This makes it easier for people to travel long distances w___47___ worrying about running out of power. The very first electric car was made way back in the 1830s, a long time before cars that use gasoline were invented. However, electric cars only started to become more popular in recent years. This is because the technology got better and people started to care more about k___48___ the Earth clean. One of the best things about electric cars is that they don’t make bad gases that can hurt the air and the Earth. They don’t have loud engines like gasoline cars, so they are q___49___, which makes driving them more peaceful and enjoyable. But, there are some problems too. One issue is that electric cars can’t go as far on one charge as gasoline cars can go on one tank of gas. In addition, it can be hard to find p___50___ to charge the car in some areas. Even with the problems, the future of electric cars still looks b___51___. Lots of countries and companies are working to make them better. They’re putting up more places to charge and making the batteries l___52___ longer. As more people buy electric cars, they’ll get cheaper for everyone. Moving to electric cars is great for keeping our planet clean. When we pick electric cars, we save money and help stop pollution. Electric cars are not just a cool new thing; they are part of a big change for a better world. D. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（7分） Kuakuaqun is social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness, support and comfort to others in the group. The new chat groups have become popular with young people. According to media reports, the first such online praise group was formed by a few users of Douban, one of the major online social networks, for fun. However, the idea has caught on and praise-seeking chat groups have become popular among college students across the country. It was hard to understand Kuakuaqun at first. What kind of value do kind words have if I am paying someone to say them? Lin Yingying from Quanzhou described the groups as “a joke”, but also offered some insight (见解). “We rarely hear nice things in real life,” Lin said, “maybe we are not good at telling people...that we are not feeling well...” She thinks it is easier for people to share their problems online. Kuakuaqun doesn’t only exist in China. No matter where you come from, it is common to hear someone say, “You are not good enough.” There is a certain beauty in giving encouragement to others. Perhaps that is why so many young people have joined the groups. A reporter from Russia Today wrote about a post in which someone admitted that they woke up at 2 pm one day. One user replied, “You must care about your health very much as you sleep for so long, praise you.” That praise sounds hollow, but the humor doesn’t. Maybe that is the real value. A good joke can brighten anybody’s day. Experts have said that the popularity of Kuakuaqun reflects the users’ stressful, anxious and lonely mentalities (心态). It creates a positive and friendly environment for people that may help them get confidence again. 53. What is Kuakuaqun? ___________________________________________ 54. Where have praise-seeking chat groups become popular? ___________________________________________ 55. It was easy to understand Kuakuaqun at first, wasn’t it? ___________________________________________ 56. Why does Lin Yingying from Quanzhou think people share problems more easily online? ___________________________________________ 57. What does the popularity of kuakuaqun reflect according to experts? ____________________________________________ 58. Do you want to join Kuakuaqun? Why or why not? ____________________________________________ VII. Writing（作文）（共10分） 59. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation (根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格) 学生会成员李华在校园文明检查过程中发现了一些浪费资源和破坏绿化的不良行为。假设你是李华，请给全校同学写一封以“Be green at school”为题的环保倡议书，具体指出两类不良行为并给出建议。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$