第20讲 主语从句（复习讲义）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第20讲 主语从句 目录 01 2 02 体系构建·思维可视 3 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 3 考点一 主语从句的构成及引导词 3 知识点1 主语从句的构成 4 知识点2 主语从句的引导词 4 考向1 考查引导主语从句的连接代词 6 考向2 考查引导主语从句的连接副词 6 知识点3 it充当形式主语的句式 7 考向3 考查it充当形式主语的句子 8 考点二 主语从句易错点 9 知识点1 连接词that与关系代词that. 9 知识点2 连接词that与连接代词what. 10 知识点3 连接词whether与if的区别. 10 知识点4 主语从句用于虚拟语气易错点 11 考向1 考查主语从句与定语从句辨析 11 考向2 考查主语从句中的时态、语态与主谓一致 13 04真题溯源 考向感知. 13 考点要求 考察形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 主语从句 、 宾语从句 选择题 非选择题 / 新高考I卷what 全国甲卷what 浙江卷whether 天津卷what 新高考II卷how 浙江卷whether/if 表语从句、 同位语从句 选择题 非选择题 北京卷what 浙江卷what 新高考II卷what 名词性从句 在写作中 选择题 非选择题 广泛存在于阅读理解，完形填空和写作中 考情分析： 名词性从句在高考中显性考查以语法填空补全句子形式出现。天津卷会涉及到选择题。名词性从句更以隐性考查广泛存在于阅读理解长难句和应用文写作中。 1.考查名词性从句that和what的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2.考查名词性从句if和whether的用法区别。 3.考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法区别。 4.遇到名词性从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 5.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用名词性从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握名词性从句连接词、连接代词及连接副词的用法和意义，特别是what和that的用法。 2. 熟练掌握名词性从句的固定句式和相关考点。 考点一 主语从句的构成及引导词 知识点1 主语从句构成 主语从句：在复合句中作句子主语的从句叫做主语从句。和其它可以作主语的名词、代词、动名词相比，主语用了一个完整的句子。主语从句的位置有两种：直接位于句首；用 it 作形式主语，将真正主语从句置于句末，使句子结构更平衡。 That the movie made a hit surprised us. 主语从句 谓语 宾语 知识点2 主语从句的引导词 引导主语从句的连接词有三类： 连词that、whether， if 疑问代词who, what, which，whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 疑问副词when, where, how, why，however, whenever, wherever等 （1）连接词that在主语从句中不充当任何的句子成分。 例1.That he is a doctor is true. 千真万确，他是医生。 例2.That she doesn't understand English is obvious. 显然，她听不懂英语。 例3.That he will come is certain. 他要来，这是肯定的。 例4.That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.你不喜欢他与我无关。 例5.That the wounded soldier is still alive is a wonder. 那个受伤的士兵还活着真是个奇迹。 例6. It is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive. 那个受伤的士兵还活着真是个奇迹。 （2）连接词whether起连接作用，有词汇意义“是否”，不做成分，引导主语从句时不能省略。 例1.Whether these books are satisfactory is uncertain. 还不能确定这些书是否令人满意。 例2. Whether I believe you or not is irrelevant now. 我是否相信你，现在已无关紧要了。 例3.Whether John will do this experiment remains a question. 约翰是否会做这个实验仍然是个问题。 （3）连接代词-who/what/which/whom/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever起连接作用，提示从句开始。有词汇意义，不能省略。在主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 例1.What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well. 最让我吃惊的是，这么小的女孩子竟能拉小提琴。 例2.Who will take charge of the task has not been decided. 由谁来负责这项任务，还没有决定。 例3.What heat is seems difficult to answer. 热是什么似乎很难回答。 例4.Whose bag was stolen is not known. 谁的手提包被偷了，尚不得而知。 例5.What's done cannot be undone. 事已定局，无可挽回。 例6.Whatever I have is yours. 我的一切都是你的。 例7.Whoever comes will be welcome. 谁来都欢迎。 例8.Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. 谁还没有找到他的字典仍然是未知的。 例9. Whoever wants this book may take it. 谁想要这本书可以拿去。 （4）连接副词when, where, how, why，whenever, however, wherever等在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语 起连接作用，提示从句开始。有词汇意义，不能省略。 例1.How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer. 一本书的销量很大程度上取决于书评人。 例2.Where we should leave it is a problem. 我们应该把它留在哪是个问题。 例3.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。 例4.When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. 飞机起飞时间还没有通知。 例5.Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story. 故事结尾没有提到女主人公去了哪里。 考向1 考查引导主语从句的连接代词 例1 made me realize the significance of these buildings was the knowledge I learned about ancient Chinese architecture in university. 例2 With the development of science and technology, seems impossible today may become possible one day. 【变式训练1·变载体】 grade the team received would be shared by both students. 【变式训练2·变情景】On Central Street, struck the tourists most was the organized parades featuring the Oroqen (鄂伦春族), an ethnic minority from the region. 考向2 考查引导主语从句连接副词 例1 he suddenly quit his job without any explanation confused his colleagues. 例2 we will hold the annual party is still under consideration. ​ 【变式训练1·变载体】 we can solve this problem efficiently is the key to the project’s success. 【变式训练2·变情景】 the new library will open to the public has not been announced yet. 知识点3 it充当形式主语的句式 常见的句型有： 1. It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 2. It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 3. It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 4. It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句 例1. It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。 例2. It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 例3. It is necessary that we (should) have breakfast. 我们吃早餐是有必要的。 例4. It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 得分速记 ①It is/was +形容词+that 从句 ②It is/was +名词+that 从句 ③It +不及物动词+that 从句 ④It is/was +过去分词+that 从句 ⑤其他 It doesn’t matter +that /wh-Clause… 是无关紧要的 It makes no difference +that /wh-Clause…毫无区别…… 当形容词为important, necessary, strange等或过去分词为suggested, requested, desired等时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。 思维建模 名词性从句的解题思路 确定 连词 信息 提取 1． 确定从句类型：设空处无提示词，先根据主句的主谓结构确定是否为主语从句。 2． 确定连接词： (1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。 (2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。 (2)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。 (3)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。 对照 检验 核对 答案 考向3 考查it充当形式主语的句子 例1 Now it occurred to him his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 例2 is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 【变式训练1·变载体】It is well-known learning English well will be of great benefit to us all. 【变式训练2·变情景】It is recently (report) that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining. 【变式训练3】Not only had the countries found a path to the future, but they had also learned that was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 考点二 主语从句易错点 知识点1 连接词that与关系代词that 连接词that引导主语从句时在主语从句中不充当任何的句子成分；关系代词引导定语从句时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 例1. That he passed the exam surprised us.（that引导主语从句，在从句中无意义） 他通过了考试，这让我们很惊讶。 例2. It is necessary that we should help each other. 我们有必要互相帮助。 例3. That he passed the exam surprised us. it 作形式主语时 that 可省略。 例4. It’s clear (that) he is right.（that引导真正的主语从句，在从句中无意义） 例5. The book that is on the table is mine.（关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词the book。） 放在桌子上的那本书是我的。 例6. The movie (that) we watched yesterday was fantastic.我们昨天看的那部电影太棒了。 例7. He is no longer the man (that) he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的那个他了。 知识点2 连接词that与连接代词what 特点 用法 示例 what是连接代词，既起连接作用又作句子成分 what作从句主语 What happened surprised everyone. 发生的事情让每个人都很吃惊。 what作从句宾语 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。 what作从句定语 What few visitors we have are always made welcome.对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。 what作从句表语 He is not what he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的他了。 that是连词，只起连接作用不作句子成分 that引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验，这是显然的。 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。 He gave us a suggestion that we should practise speaking English in class.他建议我们在课堂上练习说英语。 知识点3 连接词whether与连接词if 用法对比 构成 当主语从句放于句首时，常用whether引导，不用if； 例1. Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem. 是否要开会仍然是个问题。 当it作形式主语，主语从句放在后面时用whether或if引导均可，但是如果被后置的主语从句中含有表选择意义的or时，必须用whether； 例2. It is doubtful whether/if he will come here. 他是否要来这儿还令人怀疑。 例3. It makes no difference whether he comes or not. 他来不来无关紧要。 与or not或to do不定式直接连用时，也必须用whether。 例4.Whether or not they will come depends on the weather.他们是否会来取决于天气。 例5.Whether to stay in the federated state or become independent is a decision that has to be made by the people.是否要维持联邦状态或要独立，这是一项必修由人民做的决定。 知识点4 主语从句用于虚拟语气易错点 特殊用法 构成 It is +形容词+ that从句，从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。常见形容词：necessary, important, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。 例1.It’s necessary that he (should) work hard.他必需努力工作。 例2.It is strange that he (should) refuse the invitation. 他竟然拒绝邀请，真奇怪。 It is +过去分词+ that 从句，从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。常见过去分词：suggested, recommended, required, demanded, ordered, proposed等。 例1.It was suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. 有人建议推迟会议。 例2. The leader urged that all members (should) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。 例3.It is demanded that he (should) leave at once.根据要求他应该立刻离开。 考向1 考查主语从句与定语从句的辨析 例1 It remains to be seen the new regulations will lead to better compliance among all employees. 例2There is no escape from the long arm of the law. breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 【变式训练1·变载体】 has been pointed out, we should focus on the key points. 【变式训练2·变载体】That is one of the most interesting books are sold in the bookshop. 考向2 考查主语从句中的时态、语态与主谓一致 例1 Whether we can go on the trip __________(depend) on the weather this weekend. 例2 What is amazing about these earth buildings (be) the fact that some of them are over 700 years old, surviving through natural elements, including earthquakes. 【变式训练1·变情景】 he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided. 【变式训练2·变载体】That football is such a simple game to play __________(be) perhaps the basis of its popularity. 1.（2023年全国甲卷完形填空）What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. 2. (2025年新高考I卷阅读理解) Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. 3. (2025年新高考II卷阅读理解)It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. 4. (2022年全国甲卷) It is widely accepted that teenagers should be encouraged to be more independent. 5.（2021年全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第20讲 主语从句 目录 01 2 02 体系构建·思维可视 3 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 3 考点一 主语从句的构成及引导词 3 知识点1 主语从句的构成 4 知识点2 主语从句的引导词 4 考向1 考查引导主语从句的连接代词 6 考向2 考查引导主语从句的连接副词 7 知识点3 it充当形式主语的句式 8 考向3 考查it充当形式主语的句子 9 考点二 主语从句易错点 11 知识点1 连接词that与关系代词that. 11 知识点2 连接词that与连接代词what. 11 知识点3 连接词whether与if的区别. 12 知识点4 主语从句用于虚拟语气易错点 12 考向1 考查主语从句与定语从句辨析 13 考向2 考查主语从句中的时态、语态与主谓一致 14 04真题溯源 考向感知. 15 考点要求 考察形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 主语从句 、 宾语从句 选择题 非选择题 / 新高考I卷what 全国甲卷what 浙江卷whether 天津卷what 新高考II卷how 浙江卷whether/if 表语从句、 同位语从句 选择题 非选择题 北京卷what 浙江卷what 新高考II卷what 名词性从句 在写作中 选择题 非选择题 广泛存在于阅读理解，完形填空和写作中 考情分析： 名词性从句在高考中显性考查以语法填空补全句子形式出现。天津卷会涉及到选择题。名词性从句更以隐性考查广泛存在于阅读理解长难句和应用文写作中。 1.考查名词性从句that和what的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2.考查名词性从句if和whether的用法区别。 3.考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法区别。 4.遇到名词性从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 5.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用名词性从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。 复习目标： 1. 熟练掌握名词性从句连接词、连接代词及连接副词的用法和意义，特别是what和that的用法。 2. 熟练掌握名词性从句的固定句式和相关考点。 考点一 主语从句的构成及引导词 知识点1 主语从句构成 主语从句：在复合句中作句子主语的从句叫做主语从句。和其它可以作主语的名词、代词、动名词相比，主语用了一个完整的句子。主语从句的位置有两种：直接位于句首；用 it 作形式主语，将真正主语从句置于句末，使句子结构更平衡。 That the movie made a hit surprised us. 主语从句 谓语 宾语 知识点2 主语从句的引导词 引导主语从句的连接词有三类： 连词that、whether， if 疑问代词who, what, which，whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 疑问副词when, where, how, why，however, whenever, wherever等 （1）连接词that在主语从句中不充当任何的句子成分。 例1.That he is a doctor is true. 千真万确，他是医生。 例2.That she doesn't understand English is obvious. 显然，她听不懂英语。 例3.That he will come is certain. 他要来，这是肯定的。 例4.That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me.你不喜欢他与我无关。 例5.That the wounded soldier is still alive is a wonder. 那个受伤的士兵还活着真是个奇迹。 例6. It is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive. 那个受伤的士兵还活着真是个奇迹。 （2）连接词whether起连接作用，有词汇意义“是否”，不做成分，引导主语从句时不能省略。 例1.Whether these books are satisfactory is uncertain. 还不能确定这些书是否令人满意。 例2. Whether I believe you or not is irrelevant now. 我是否相信你，现在已无关紧要了。 例3.Whether John will do this experiment remains a question. 约翰是否会做这个实验仍然是个问题。 （3）连接代词-who/what/which/whom/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever起连接作用，提示从句开始。有词汇意义，不能省略。在主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 例1.What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well. 最让我吃惊的是，这么小的女孩子竟能拉小提琴。 例2.Who will take charge of the task has not been decided. 由谁来负责这项任务，还没有决定。 例3.What heat is seems difficult to answer. 热是什么似乎很难回答。 例4.Whose bag was stolen is not known. 谁的手提包被偷了，尚不得而知。 例5.What's done cannot be undone. 事已定局，无可挽回。 例6.Whatever I have is yours. 我的一切都是你的。 例7.Whoever comes will be welcome. 谁来都欢迎。 例8.Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. 谁还没有找到他的字典仍然是未知的。 例9. Whoever wants this book may take it. 谁想要这本书可以拿去。 （4）连接副词when, where, how, why，whenever, however, wherever等在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语 起连接作用，提示从句开始。有词汇意义，不能省略。 例1.How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer. 一本书的销量很大程度上取决于书评人。 例2.Where we should leave it is a problem. 我们应该把它留在哪是个问题。 例3.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。 例4.When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. 飞机起飞时间还没有通知。 例5.Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story. 故事结尾没有提到女主人公去了哪里。 考向1 考查引导主语从句的连接代词 例1 made me realize the significance of these buildings was the knowledge I learned about ancient Chinese architecture in university. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：让我意识到这些建筑的重要性的是我在大学里学到的关于中国古代建筑的知识。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物，故应用连接代词 what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 例2 With the development of science and technology, seems impossible today may become possible one day. 【答案】what 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：随着科学技术的发展，今天看似不可能的事情，将来或许会成为可能。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语成分，表示事情，用连接代词what。故填what。 【变式训练1·变载体】 grade the team received would be shared by both students. 【答案】Whatever 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这个团队获得的任何成绩都将由两名学生共同分享。分析句子结构可知，此处需填连接代词whatever引导主语从句，意为“无论什么、任何……的事物”，在从句中作定语，且位于句首，故填Whatever。 【变式训练2·变情景】On Central Street, struck the tourists most was the organized parades featuring the Oroqen (鄂伦春族), an ethnic minority from the region. 【答案】what 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：在中央大街上，令游客们印象最为深刻的是那些由鄂伦春族人组成的有组织的游行队伍，鄂伦春族是该地区的一个少数民族。空处引导主语从句，且在句中作指物的主语，故应用连接代词what。故填what。 考向2 考查引导主语从句连接副词 例1 he suddenly quit his job without any explanation confused his colleagues. 【答案】Why 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他为什么没有任何解释就突然辞职了，这使他的同事们很困惑。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，由without any explanation可知，句子表示“他为什么没有任何解释就突然辞职了”，空格处意为“为什么”，用why引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Why。 例2 we will hold the annual party is still under consideration. ​ 【答案】Where 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们在哪里举行年会还在考虑中。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，由is still under consideration可知，句子表示“我们在哪里举行年会还在考虑中”，因此空格处用连接副词where引导主语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Where。 【变式训练1·变载体】 we can solve this problem efficiently is the key to the project’s success. 【答案】How 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们如何有效地解决这个问题是该项目成功的关键。空处引导主语从句，从句主要成份完整，但需要“如何”之意，故用连接副词how作引导词。故填How。 【变式训练2·变情景】 the new library will open to the public has not been announced yet. 【答案】When 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：新图书馆何时向公众开放尚未公布。分析句子结构可知，“____ the new library will open to the public”是主语从句，在句子作主语。从句里主干成分完整，根据语境可知缺少时间状语，应用连接副词when引导该主语从句，句首字母应大写。故填When。 知识点3 it充当形式主语的句式 常见的句型有： 1. It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 2. It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 3. It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 4. It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句 例1. It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。 例2. It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 例3. It is necessary that we (should) have breakfast. 我们吃早餐是有必要的。 例4. It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it. 尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。 得分速记 ①It is/was +形容词+that 从句 ②It is/was +名词+that 从句 ③It +不及物动词+that 从句 ④It is/was +过去分词+that 从句 ⑤其他 It doesn’t matter +that /wh-Clause… 是无关紧要的 It makes no difference +that /wh-Clause…毫无区别…… 当形容词为important, necessary, strange等或过去分词为suggested, requested, desired等时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。 思维建模 名词性从句的解题思路 确定 连词 信息 提取 1． 确定从句类型：设空处无提示词，先根据主句的主谓结构确定是否为主语从句。 2． 确定连接词： (1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。 (2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。 (2)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。 (3)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。 对照 检验 核对 答案 考向3 考查it充当形式主语的句子 例1 Now it occurred to him his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：现在他突然想到，他的农场有很大的潜力，而那头牛的死也算是一种幸运。“It occurred to sb. that...”是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，本句中“that his farm had much potential”和“that the death of the cow was a bit of luck”是两个并列的主语从句，由“and”连接。故填that。 例2 is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 【答案】It 【解析】本题考查固定句型。句意：人们普遍认为，应该根据学生的综合素质来评价他们。句子缺少形式主语，而“that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality”是真正的主语从句，所以此处应用it作形式主语，构成“It is+过去分词+that从句”的固定句型，其中it位于句首，首字母要大写。 故填It。 【变式训练1·变载体】It is well-known learning English well will be of great benefit to us all. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，学好英语对我们所有人都大有裨益。“It is well-known that...”是固定句型，表示“众所周知……”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是“that”引导的主语从句，从句句意完成，不缺成分，that无实义，只起引导作用。故填that。 【变式训练2·变情景】It is recently (report) that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining. 【答案】reported 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：据最近报道，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降。此处为“It is + 过去分词 + that从句”的固定句型，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，report与主语It之间为被动关系，空处需用report的过去分词形式reported。故填reported。 【变式训练3】Not only had the countries found a path to the future, but they had also learned that was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：这些国家不仅找到了通往未来的道路，而且还认识到，各国有可能共同努力，建设一个更美好的明天。it is possible for sb. to do sth“对某人来说做某事是可能的”为固定句式，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填it。 考点二 主语从句易错点 知识点1 连接词that与关系代词that 连接词that引导主语从句时在主语从句中不充当任何的句子成分；关系代词引导定语从句时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 例1. That he passed the exam surprised us.（that引导主语从句，在从句中无意义） 他通过了考试，这让我们很惊讶。 例2. It is necessary that we should help each other. 我们有必要互相帮助。 例3. That he passed the exam surprised us. it 作形式主语时 that 可省略。 例4. It’s clear (that) he is right.（that引导真正的主语从句，在从句中无意义） 例5. The book that is on the table is mine.（关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词the book。） 放在桌子上的那本书是我的。 例6. The movie (that) we watched yesterday was fantastic.我们昨天看的那部电影太棒了。 例7. He is no longer the man (that) he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的那个他了。 知识点2 连接词that与连接代词what 特点 用法 示例 what是连接代词，既起连接作用又作句子成分 what作从句主语 What happened surprised everyone. 发生的事情让每个人都很吃惊。 what作从句宾语 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。 what作从句定语 What few visitors we have are always made welcome.对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。 what作从句表语 He is not what he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的他了。 that是连词，只起连接作用不作句子成分 that引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验，这是显然的。 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。 He gave us a suggestion that we should practise speaking English in class.他建议我们在课堂上练习说英语。 知识点3 连接词whether与连接词if 用法对比 构成 当主语从句放于句首时，常用whether引导，不用if； 例1. Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem. 是否要开会仍然是个问题。 当it作形式主语，主语从句放在后面时用whether或if引导均可，但是如果被后置的主语从句中含有表选择意义的or时，必须用whether； 例2. It is doubtful whether/if he will come here. 他是否要来这儿还令人怀疑。 例3. It makes no difference whether he comes or not. 他来不来无关紧要。 与or not或to do不定式直接连用时，也必须用whether。 例4.Whether or not they will come depends on the weather.他们是否会来取决于天气。 例5.Whether to stay in the federated state or become independent is a decision that has to be made by the people.是否要维持联邦状态或要独立，这是一项必修由人民做的决定。 知识点4 主语从句用于虚拟语气易错点 特殊用法 构成 It is +形容词+ that从句，从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。常见形容词：necessary, important, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。 例1.It’s necessary that he (should) work hard.他必需努力工作。 例2.It is strange that he (should) refuse the invitation. 他竟然拒绝邀请，真奇怪。 It is +过去分词+ that 从句，从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。常见过去分词：suggested, recommended, required, demanded, ordered, proposed等。 例1.It was suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. 有人建议推迟会议。 例2. The leader urged that all members (should) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。 例3.It is demanded that he (should) leave at once.根据要求他应该立刻离开。 考向1 考查主语从句与定语从句的辨析 例1 It remains to be seen the new regulations will lead to better compliance among all employees. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：新规定是否会导致所有员工更好地遵守规定还有待观察。分析句子结构，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，需用连接词whether引导。故填whether。 例2There is no escape from the long arm of the law. breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 【答案】Whoever 【解析】考查连接大词。句意：法律的长臂无处不在。任何违法的人迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。空处引导主语从句，表示 “无论谁”，用whoever引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填Whoever。 【变式训练1·变载体】 has been pointed out, we should focus on the key points. 【答案】As 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如已经指出的那样，我们应该关注重点。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句；先行词是后面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，意为“正如”，所以空处需用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填As。 【变式训练2·变载体】That is one of the most interesting books are sold in the bookshop. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是books，指物，被形容词最高级the most interesting修饰，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 考向2 考查主语从句中的时态、语态与主谓一致 例1 Whether we can go on the trip __________(depend) on the weather this weekend. 【答案】depends 【解析】考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：我们是否能去旅行取决于这个周末的天气。空格处作谓语，主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。根据this week，可知应用一般现在时。故填depends。 例2 What is amazing about these earth buildings (be) the fact that some of them are over 700 years old, surviving through natural elements, including earthquakes. 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些土楼的惊人之处在于，其中一些已经有700多年的历史了，它们在包括地震在内一些自然元素中幸存下来。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是What is amazing about these earth buildings，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填is。 【变式训练1·变情景】 he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided. 【答案】Whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他是亲自去参加会议还是派他儿子去参加会议还没有决定。空格处引导的是主语从句，由后面的or可知，这里表示一种选择，所以用whether引导。whether和or连用表示“是……还是……”，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Whether。 【变式训练2·变载体】That football is such a simple game to play __________(be) perhaps the basis of its popularity. 【答案】is 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。分析句子结构可知，“That football is such a simple game to play”是一个主语从句，。故填is。 1.（2023年全国甲卷完形填空）What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. 【译文】我们发现，只看外表来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。 【解析】本句是复合句。What we discovered为连接代词What引导的主语从句，what起引导作用，并在从句中作宾语。 2. (2025年新高考I卷阅读理解) Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. 【译文】科学家们仍在试图确定微塑料的危害程度，但他们所知道的已经引起了人们的担忧。 【解析】but连接并列句。其后的连接代词what引导主语从句what they do know“他们所知道的”，充当know的宾语。 3. (2025年新高考II卷阅读理解)It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage. 【译文】值得注意的是，wastED菜单上的所有物品都不是从垃圾中制造出来的。 【解析】It充当形式主语，连接词that引导真正的主语从句，在从句中并不充当句子成分。 4. (2022年全国甲卷) It is widely accepted that teenagers should be encouraged to be more independent. 【译文】人们普遍认为，应该鼓励青少年更加独立。 【解析】It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句that teenagers should be encouraged to be more independent. 5.（2021年全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$