内容正文:
Unit 6 Home Sweet Home
一、单元词汇
单词
1.pack up 打包
2.bathroom n. 浴室;洗手间
3.sort v. 把……分类;整理n. 种类
4.bedroom n. 卧室
5.balcony n. 阳台
6.hang up 挂起;挂断电话
7.invite v. 邀请
8.arrival n. 到达
9.add v. 添加;加
10.add sth to sth 把……加入……
11.borrow v. 借
12.plan v. 策划;打算 n. 计划;方案
13.treasure n. 宝物;财富 v. 珍视
14.hunt n. 搜寻;狩猎v. 搜寻;打猎
15.lift n. 搭便车;电梯v. 举起;抬起
16.until prep. 到……时;直到……为止
17.be careful with 注意;当心
18.movie n. 电影
19.dead adj. 不运行的;死的
20.note n. 笔记;记录;便条v. 注意;指出
21.take notes 做笔记
22.clean up 清扫
23.community n. 社区;社团
24.rubbish n. 垃圾
25.almost adv. 差不多;几乎
26.journey n. 旅行;历程v. 旅行
27.pull v. 拉;拖;拔
28.share sth with sb 把……与……分享
29.familiar adj. 熟悉的
30.joke n. 笑话 v. 开玩笑
31.several pron. 几个;一些adj. 各自的
32.nod v. & n. 点(头)
33.writer n. 作者
34.describe v. 描述;形容
35.wherever adv. & conj. 无论去哪里;在任何地方
36.matter v. 要紧 n. 问题
37.no matter不论;不要紧
38.perhaps adv. 也许;可能
39.plate n. 盘子;碟子
40.freshly adv. 刚刚
41.smell v. 发臭;闻到 n. 气味;臭味
42.joy n. 喜悦;乐趣
43.apartment n. 房间;公寓套房
44.block n. 大楼;街区;大块
45.decorate v. 装饰;装潢
46.cover v. 遮盖;包括n. 遮盖物;封皮
47.scissors n. 剪刀
48.glue n. 胶水 v. 粘贴
49.paper cutting 剪纸
短语
1.pick up 捡起;拾起
2.sweep the floor扫地
3.feed the fish 喂鱼
4.hang up 挂起;挂电话
5.water plants 给植物浇水
6.hang out闲逛
7.sort into 分类
8.pack up打包
9.living room 客厅
10.grow flowers 种花
11.invite sb.to sp. 邀请某人去某地
12.keep fish 养鱼
13.have to do sth. 不得不做某事
14.look like mirrors 看起来像镜子
15.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
16.show sb.sth. 把某物展示给某人
17.prepare for 为……做准备
18.in front of 在前面(外部)
19.by the window 在窗户旁边
20.make sb. feel at home 使某人宾至如归
21.add sth to sth 把……加入……
22.go shopping 去购物
23.treasure hunt 寻宝游戏
24.give sb a lift 开车顺便送某人
25.be careful with 注意;当心
26.all day 整天
27.borrow sth.from sb.向某人借某物
28.at once 立刻;马上
29.stay out 呆在外面
30.take notes 做笔记
31.clean up 清扫
32.know about 了解
33.ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
34.good job做得好
35.buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物
36.with a smile 带着微笑
37.catch the train 赶火车
38.more than 超过;多于
39.get to 到达
40.at the end of 在……结尾
41.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事
42.help sb (to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
43.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
44.be happy/glad to do sth.很高兴做某事
45.share sth with sb 把……与……分享
46.set the table摆放餐具;摆饭桌
47.tell jokes 讲笑话
48.have a good laugh 开怀大笑
49.no matter 不论;不要紧
50.a kind of feeling 一种感觉
51.a plate of biscuits 一盘饼干
句型
1.—Can/Could you please water the plants? 请你给那些植物浇水好吗?
—Sure. /Sorry, I have to clean the bathroom now.当然可以。/抱歉,我现在必须打扫浴室。
2.Guess what!你猜怎么着!
3. … we need to get ready for their arrival.……我们需要为他们的到来做好准备。
4.—Helen, can you move this chair to their room?海伦,你能把这把椅子搬到他们的房间吗?
—No problem .没问题。
5. Let's go after lunch.咱们午饭后去吧。
6.—Can I borrow your chess set?我可以借你的国际象棋吗?
—Sure. Here you are.当然可以。给你。
7.—Can I put some flowers on the table?我能在桌子上放些花吗?
—Yes, good idea!可以,好主意!
8.The train journey took more than five hours.火车旅程花了五个多小时。
9.We walked quickly to greet them.我们快步走,去和他们打招呼。
10. I shared the snacks with my cousin and told Grandpa about school.
我和表弟一起分享零食,并告诉爷爷我在学校的情况。
11. Mum nodded, with tears in her eyes.妈妈点点头,眼里含着泪水。
12.No matter how long I'm away, home is always glad to see me again.
无论我离开多久,家总是很高兴再次见到我。
13.After painting, could you help choose some photos to hang on the walls?
粉刷以后,你能帮忙选些照片挂在墙上吗?
语法
情态动词can和could
写作
写信邀请朋友装饰房间
二、知识点精讲
知识点1:
1. Can/Could you please water the plants? 请你给植物浇水好吗?
-Sure./Sorry,I have to clean the bathroom now.当然可以。/对不起,我现在得打扫浴室。
【详解】
知识点1: 重点:“Could you please ...?”表示“请你……好吗?”,后接动词 原形 ,否定形式为 Could you please not do...? 。其中could表示委婉语气,不表示过去时态。
其答语如下:
肯定回答,如Yes, sure./Sure./Certainly./OK./No problem.等;
否定回答,如Sorry, I can’t./Sorry, I’m afraid not. Because ...等。
Eg.—Could you please pass me the spoon? 请你把勺子递给我好吗?
—Sure. Here you are. 当然可以,给你。
Could you please not play computer games? 请你不要玩电脑游戏了好吗?
知识点2: have to表示不得不,相当于must后接动词 原形
知识点2:invite
2.Mum,can I invite friends to the new house?妈妈,我能邀请朋友到新房子吗?
用法:invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事:invite sb to sp 邀请某人到某地
I want to invite Tom to my party.我想邀请Tom到我的派对。
He invited my family yesterday. 昨天他邀请了我全家。
Her family invited me to stay with them for a few weeks. 她家里人邀请我同他们一起住几个星期。
Who have you invited to your house for your birthday party? 你邀请了谁到家里来参加你的生日聚会?
知识点3:would like
Would you like to mop the floor or the windows?你愿意拖地还是擦窗?
【详解】
Would you like…?句型
(1)Would you like…?句型用于礼貌地询问对方的意愿,语气比want委婉。虽然是疑问句,但表示的是建议或请求,因此在表示“一些”时,常用some不用any。常用结构有:
①would like + n./pron.“想要某物”。如:
Would you like some bread?你想要些面包吗?
Would you like something to drink?你想喝点什么吗?
②would like to do sth.“想要做某事”。如:
Would you like to go with me?你愿意和我一起去吗?
③would like sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”。如:
Would you like him to do the work?你想要他做这项工作吗?
(2)一般疑问句句型“Would you like sth.?”的肯定回答:“Yes, please.”,否定回答:“No, thanks.”;“Would you like to do sth.?”的肯定回答:“Yes, I’d love to.”,否定回答:“I’d love to, but…或Sorry, I’m afraid not.”。如:
—Would you like a cup of tea?你想喝杯茶吗?
—Yes, please./No, thanks. 是的,来一杯。/不,谢谢。
—Would you like to eat out with me tonight?今晚和我一起外出吃饭好吗?
—Yes, I’d love to./I’d love to, but I have no time. 好呀,我很乐意。/我很想去,但我没有时间。
常见提建议的句型还有如下几种:
①Would you like to do sth.?你想要做某事吗?
②Shall we do sth.?让我们做某事好吗?
③Let’s do sth.!让我们做某事吧!
④You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事。
⑤Would/Could you please (not) do sth.?请你(不要)做某事好吗?
⑥Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗?
⑦Why not do sth.?/Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事呢?
⑧What/How about...?意为“……怎么样?” 其中about为介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词。
知识点4:
I can't wait to show them our new house.我迫不及待要展示我的新家。
can't wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
wait作及物和不及物动词,意为“等待;盼望”。常用于下列固定搭配中:
wait for sb. 等待某人
wait to do sth. 等待做某事
wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
wait a minute/moment/second 等一下
如:
—What are you doing here?你在这儿干什么?
—I’m waiting for my father to pick me up. 我在等父亲来接我。
知识点5:by
5. Can I put some flowers by the window?
by用法:作为介词,有多种含义。
用法
含义
示例
by+v.-ing
通过……手段;以……的方式
They study by working in groups.
by+交通工具
乘坐
They go to the park by subway.
by+抽象名词
由于 (表原因)
They met by chance.
by+时间点
不迟于
Jerry will arrive at the class by 8:30.
by+地点名词
在……旁;靠近
The doctor is standing by the door.
by+物
表示抓到或触及到的部分
I take him by the hand.
by+人
被某人……,常用于被动语态中
That umbrella is made by my mother.
常见搭配:by the way(顺便说一下);by oneself(独自);by the time(到.…...时候)。
in 表示“用……的方式,用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)”等;
with 表示“用……工具(具体有形的工具)”。
知识点6:yet
6. But their room is already clean! Well, it's not grandma clean" yet!
Yet & Already
Yet(尚未):用于否定句和疑问句
I haven't finished my homework yet. 我还没完成作业。
Already (已经):用于肯定句
She has already read this book.她已经读过这本书了。
知识点7:borrow
7. Helen, can I borrow your chess set?
borrow 动词:借入,搭配:borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
Can I borrow your pen? Mine is broken. 我能借你的钢笔吗?我的坏了。
辨析:lend(借出)→lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
【易混辨析】重点:borrow, lend与keep
单词
含义
用法
borrow
借;借入
(主语借进)
borrow sth. from sb. “向某人借某物”
lend
(过去式lent)
借给;借出
(主语借出)
lend sb. sth. “借某物给某人”
= lend sth. to sb. “把某物借给某人”
keep
保存;保留
延续动词,表示借用的时间长度,与for +一段时间及how long连用(指借一段时间)
Eg:He borrowed a lot of money from me. 他从我这儿借了很多钱。
Could you lend me your bike? = Could you lend your bike to me? 你可以借给我你的自行车吗?
I wanted to borrow a bike from my friend but he didn’t lend it to me, because Jane kept it for two days.
我想借用朋友的自行车,但他没借给我,因为简已经借走它两天了。
知识点8:see
8.I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.我看到我的外公和我的小表妹站在冷风中等待我们。
see作动词,意为“看见”。主要有两种用法:
(1)see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(全过程)。注意:用于被动语态需还原不定式符号to,即:sb. be seen to do sth. 某人被看见做某事。
(2)see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。
【拓展】辨析watch, look, see与read
词汇
意义及用法
常见搭配
watch
“注视;观看”,后多接电视、比赛、实验、表演等
watch TV/a game/match/movie
look
“看”,强调动作;单独使用“Look!”表示提醒。后接宾语时用“look at+宾语”
look at the
blackboard
see
“看见”,强调结果;也可译为“理解;明白”
see sb. do/doing sth.
see a film
see a doctor
read
“读;阅读”,后多接报纸、杂志、书等
read a newspaper/
magazine/book
知识点9:be happy to do
9. He was happy to hear I was doing well at school.他很高兴听到我在学校表现好。
be happy to do高兴做.....
知识点10:leave
10.Several days later when we were leaving, Grandma held my hands.几天过后当我们正准备离开时,外婆握住了我的手。
【详解】
变形:leave v.→left(过去式/过去分词)
知识点11:matter
11. No matter how long I'm away, home is always glad to see me again.无论我离开多久,家里总是会很高兴再次见到我。
知识点12:busy
12.Grandma,my aunt, and my uncle were busing cooking dinner in the kitchen.奶奶、我的姑姑和我的叔叔正在厨房里忙着做晚饭。
busy adj. 繁忙的,忙绿的 反义词:free/available空闲的
①be busy with sth忙于某事
②be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
知识点13:share
13.I shared the snacks with my cousin.我和我的表弟一起吃了零食。
变形:share v. →shared(过去式/过去分词)→sharing(现在分词)
知识点14:
14.what words are used to describe people's feeling?用来描述人们的词语有哪些?
be used to do意为“被用来做……”(表目的),如:
The spoon is used for having soup. = The spoon is used to have soup. 那把勺子是用来喝汤的。
used to, be used to doing, be used to do, be used for, be used as与be used by
①“某人 + used to + 动词原形”表示“某人过去常做某事(但现在不做了)”,是过去时态;
②“某人 + be/get(s) used to + 动词ing”表示“某人习惯于做某事”,通常是一般现在时;
③“某物 + be used to + 动词原形”表示“某物被用于做某事”,它和be used for sth./doing sth.都可以表示“被用来……”(表目的);
④be used as表示“作为……被使用”或“(被)用作……”,后面接名词,强调使用的工具及手段;
⑤be used by表示“由……使用”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调使用者。如:
I used to collect stamps, but now I am used to drawing. 我过去常常集邮,但是现在我习惯画画。
Wood can be used to make paper. 木材可以被用来造纸。
The knife is used to cut apples. = The knife is used for cutting apples. 小刀被用来切苹果。
A knife is used as a tool. 小刀被用作一种工具。
知识点15:
15.We want to cover the animals and paint the walls light green.
我们想把动物(的图画)盖住并且把墙涂成浅绿色。
知识点16:
After painting,could you help choose some photos to hang on the walls?
choose的用法
如:
①Many students choose to get further education at home instead of going abroad.
许多学生选择在国内接受进一步教育,而不是出国。
②He had no choice but to depend on himself at that moment.当时他别无选择,只能依靠自己。
3、 语法点清单
1. 情态动词can的用法
1.can是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态的变化,它的过去式为could,其后可直接接动词原形,其用法如下:
用法
例句
(1)表示能力,意为“能,会”。
Can you swim?你会游泳吗?
Can you answer the question?你能回答这个问题吗?
(2)表示许可,意为“可以”,相当于may(比may更口语化,may较正式)。此外,could也可以表示许可,语气更加委婉。
Can you help me?你能帮我吗?
You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。
Could you help me find it?你能帮我找到它吗?
(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes,I'd love (like) to.”等,作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No,I can't.”等。
—Can he come to my party?他能来参加我的宴会吗?
—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。
—Can you go to the baseball game?你能去看棒球比赛吗?
—Sorry,I can't.对不起,我不能。
(4)用于否定句或疑问句中,表示推测。
Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。
2.can句式变化
(1)在变否定句时,直接在后面加上“not”,写作can't或cannot。如:
I can speak French.我会讲法语。
→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。
(2)在变一般疑问句时,can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写,第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如:
I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。
→Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗?
其肯定回答可用yes,OK或certainly等;否定回答可用no或sorry等。如:
—Can you look after my books,please?你能照看一下我的书吗?
—OK.可以。
用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如:
—Can I see your guitar?我能看看你的吉他吗?
—Certainly.当然可以。
2.情态动词could的用法
一、情态动词could作为can的过去式时,表示过去的能力和可能性,其否定形式为could not,可缩写为couldn’t。
Eg:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗了。
Judy couldn’t have enough money for a car. 朱迪不可能有足够的钱买汽车。
二、情态动词could可用于礼貌地提出要求或征询许可,此时并非can的过去式。
用法和句式
示例
提出请求:
Could you please (not) do ...?
Could you please take the dog for a walk?
请你去遛遛狗好吗?
征询许可:
Could I/we do ... ?
Could I go out for dinner with my friends?
我能和朋友一起出去吃(晚)饭吗?
肯定回答常用语:
Of course./Certainly./OK./Sure./No problem.等
否定回答常用语:
Sorry./Certainly not./I’m afraid I can’t./No, you can’t等.+说明理由
—Could you please clean the room?
请你打扫一下房间好吗?
—Sure. 当然可以。
—Could you open the windows? 你能打开窗户吗?
—Sorry, but I have a cold. 抱歉,我感冒了。
【拓展延伸】
1.对提出请求或征询许可的句型做否定回答时,通常以sorry或I’m sorry开头。
Eg.—Could you help me with my English now? 你现在能帮我学英语吗?
—I’m sorry, but I have a football match ten minutes later. 抱歉,我十分钟后要参加一场足球赛。
2.如果问句中使用could,回答时要用can或can’t,不能用could或couldn’t。
Eg.—Could I use your bike? 我能用一下你的自行车吗?
—Sure, you can. 当然可以。
3.其他常见的表示委婉请求或征询许可的句型:
(1)Will/Would you please do ...? 表示“请你做……好吗?”
(2)Would you mind (not) doing ...? 表示“你介意(不)做……吗?”
(3)May I ...? 表示“我可以……吗?”
四、写作清单
话题分析
本单元的话题是“甜蜜的家”,主要介绍了你可以为家庭做些什么、如何让家变得更舒适以及家的意义,与此相关的写作主要涉及以下几个方面:
①介绍自己的家庭,表达家对你的意义;
②描述一家人在某个传统节日的活动;
③向朋友介绍自己家的空间特征,礼貌地请求朋友帮助你装饰房间。
典例1:
假如你是文昌中学一名八年级的学生,上周末你们班开展了一次帮父母做家务(Helping Parents Do Housework)的活动。请你根据下面的要点提示,写一篇英语短文,叙述你上周做家务的过程及感受。要求不少于80词。开头已给出,不计入总词数。
要点提示:(1)做家务的起因;
(2)做了哪些家务;
(3)父母的反应以及个人的感受。
I am a Grade 8 student in Wenchang Middle School.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.在你校“劳动教育月”期间,校英语报发起了“A Helper at Home”主题征文活动,请结合自身情况,用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你经常做的两项家务以及你的收获。
内容要点提示如下:
1在家经常做的家务劳动:
◆ fold clothes ◆ wash the dishes
◆ look after pets ◆ take out the rubbish ◆ …
2.你做家务劳动后的收获:
◆ life skills (技能) ◆ take care of ourselves ◆ understand parents
要求:
1. 语句通顺、符合逻辑,可适当发挥。
2. 不少于80词。开头已给出,不计入总词数。
These days, here is a topic about doing housework. As the family member, we should take part in it to help our parents.
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Unit 6 Home Sweet Home
一、单元词汇
单词
1.pack up 打包
2.bathroom n. 浴室;洗手间
3.sort v. 把……分类;整理n. 种类
4.bedroom n. 卧室
5.balcony n. 阳台
6.hang up 挂起;挂断电话
7.invite v. 邀请
8.arrival n. 到达
9.add v. 添加;加
10.add sth to sth 把……加入……
11.borrow v. 借
12.plan v. 策划;打算 n. 计划;方案
13.treasure n. 宝物;财富 v. 珍视
14.hunt n. 搜寻;狩猎v. 搜寻;打猎
15.lift n. 搭便车;电梯v. 举起;抬起
16.until prep. 到……时;直到……为止
17.be careful with 注意;当心
18.movie n. 电影
19.dead adj. 不运行的;死的
20.note n. 笔记;记录;便条v. 注意;指出
21.take notes 做笔记
22.clean up 清扫
23.community n. 社区;社团
24.rubbish n. 垃圾
25.almost adv. 差不多;几乎
26.journey n. 旅行;历程v. 旅行
27.pull v. 拉;拖;拔
28.share sth with sb 把……与……分享
29.familiar adj. 熟悉的
30.joke n. 笑话 v. 开玩笑
31.several pron. 几个;一些adj. 各自的
32.nod v. & n. 点(头)
33.writer n. 作者
34.describe v. 描述;形容
35.wherever adv. & conj. 无论去哪里;在任何地方
36.matter v. 要紧 n. 问题
37.no matter不论;不要紧
38.perhaps adv. 也许;可能
39.plate n. 盘子;碟子
40.freshly adv. 刚刚
41.smell v. 发臭;闻到 n. 气味;臭味
42.joy n. 喜悦;乐趣
43.apartment n. 房间;公寓套房
44.block n. 大楼;街区;大块
45.decorate v. 装饰;装潢
46.cover v. 遮盖;包括n. 遮盖物;封皮
47.scissors n. 剪刀
48.glue n. 胶水 v. 粘贴
49.paper cutting 剪纸
短语
1.pick up 捡起;拾起
2.sweep the floor扫地
3.feed the fish 喂鱼
4.hang up 挂起;挂电话
5.water plants 给植物浇水
6.hang out闲逛
7.sort into 分类
8.pack up打包
9.living room 客厅
10.grow flowers 种花
11.invite sb.to sp. 邀请某人去某地
12.keep fish 养鱼
13.have to do sth. 不得不做某事
14.look like mirrors 看起来像镜子
15.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
16.show sb.sth. 把某物展示给某人
17.prepare for 为……做准备
18.in front of 在前面(外部)
19.by the window 在窗户旁边
20.make sb. feel at home 使某人宾至如归
21.add sth to sth 把……加入……
22.go shopping 去购物
23.treasure hunt 寻宝游戏
24.give sb a lift 开车顺便送某人
25.be careful with 注意;当心
26.all day 整天
27.borrow sth.from sb.向某人借某物
28.at once 立刻;马上
29.stay out 呆在外面
30.take notes 做笔记
31.clean up 清扫
32.know about 了解
33.ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
34.good job做得好
35.buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物
36.with a smile 带着微笑
37.catch the train 赶火车
38.more than 超过;多于
39.get to 到达
40.at the end of 在……结尾
41.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事
42.help sb (to)do sth.帮助某人做某事
43.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
44.be happy/glad to do sth.很高兴做某事
45.share sth with sb 把……与……分享
46.set the table摆放餐具;摆饭桌
47.tell jokes 讲笑话
48.have a good laugh 开怀大笑
49.no matter 不论;不要紧
50.a kind of feeling 一种感觉
51.a plate of biscuits 一盘饼干
句型
1.—Can/Could you please water the plants? 请你给那些植物浇水好吗?
—Sure. /Sorry, I have to clean the bathroom now.当然可以。/抱歉,我现在必须打扫浴室。
2.Guess what!你猜怎么着!
3. … we need to get ready for their arrival.……我们需要为他们的到来做好准备。
4.—Helen, can you move this chair to their room?海伦,你能把这把椅子搬到他们的房间吗?
—No problem .没问题。
5. Let's go after lunch.咱们午饭后去吧。
6.—Can I borrow your chess set?我可以借你的国际象棋吗?
—Sure. Here you are.当然可以。给你。
7.—Can I put some flowers on the table?我能在桌子上放些花吗?
—Yes, good idea!可以,好主意!
8.The train journey took more than five hours.火车旅程花了五个多小时。
9.We walked quickly to greet them.我们快步走,去和他们打招呼。
10. I shared the snacks with my cousin and told Grandpa about school.
我和表弟一起分享零食,并告诉爷爷我在学校的情况。
11. Mum nodded, with tears in her eyes.妈妈点点头,眼里含着泪水。
12.No matter how long I'm away, home is always glad to see me again.
无论我离开多久,家总是很高兴再次见到我。
13.After painting, could you help choose some photos to hang on the walls?
粉刷以后,你能帮忙选些照片挂在墙上吗?
语法
情态动词can和could
写作
写信邀请朋友装饰房间
二、知识点精讲
知识点1:
1. Can/Could you please water the plants? 请你给植物浇水好吗?
-Sure./Sorry,I have to clean the bathroom now.当然可以。/对不起,我现在得打扫浴室。
【详解】
知识点1: 重点:“Could you please ...?”表示“请你……好吗?”,后接动词 原形 ,否定形式为 Could you please not do...? 。其中could表示委婉语气,不表示过去时态。
其答语如下:
肯定回答,如Yes, sure./Sure./Certainly./OK./No problem.等;
否定回答,如Sorry, I can’t./Sorry, I’m afraid not. Because ...等。
Eg.—Could you please pass me the spoon? 请你把勺子递给我好吗?
—Sure. Here you are. 当然可以,给你。
Could you please not play computer games? 请你不要玩电脑游戏了好吗?
知识点2: have to表示不得不,相当于must后接动词 原形
知识点2:invite
2.Mum,can I invite friends to the new house?妈妈,我能邀请朋友到新房子吗?
用法:invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事:invite sb to sp 邀请某人到某地
I want to invite Tom to my party.我想邀请Tom到我的派对。
He invited my family yesterday. 昨天他邀请了我全家。
Her family invited me to stay with them for a few weeks. 她家里人邀请我同他们一起住几个星期。
Who have you invited to your house for your birthday party? 你邀请了谁到家里来参加你的生日聚会?
知识点3:would like
Would you like to mop the floor or the windows?你愿意拖地还是擦窗?
【详解】
Would you like…?句型
(1)Would you like…?句型用于礼貌地询问对方的意愿,语气比want委婉。虽然是疑问句,但表示的是建议或请求,因此在表示“一些”时,常用some不用any。常用结构有:
①would like + n./pron.“想要某物”。如:
Would you like some bread?你想要些面包吗?
Would you like something to drink?你想喝点什么吗?
②would like to do sth.“想要做某事”。如:
Would you like to go with me?你愿意和我一起去吗?
③would like sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”。如:
Would you like him to do the work?你想要他做这项工作吗?
(2)一般疑问句句型“Would you like sth.?”的肯定回答:“Yes, please.”,否定回答:“No, thanks.”;“Would you like to do sth.?”的肯定回答:“Yes, I’d love to.”,否定回答:“I’d love to, but…或Sorry, I’m afraid not.”。如:
—Would you like a cup of tea?你想喝杯茶吗?
—Yes, please./No, thanks. 是的,来一杯。/不,谢谢。
—Would you like to eat out with me tonight?今晚和我一起外出吃饭好吗?
—Yes, I’d love to./I’d love to, but I have no time. 好呀,我很乐意。/我很想去,但我没有时间。
常见提建议的句型还有如下几种:
①Would you like to do sth.?你想要做某事吗?
②Shall we do sth.?让我们做某事好吗?
③Let’s do sth.!让我们做某事吧!
④You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事。
⑤Would/Could you please (not) do sth.?请你(不要)做某事好吗?
⑥Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗?
⑦Why not do sth.?/Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事呢?
⑧What/How about...?意为“……怎么样?” 其中about为介词,后跟名词、代词或动名词。
知识点4:
I can't wait to show them our new house.我迫不及待要展示我的新家。
can't wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
wait作及物和不及物动词,意为“等待;盼望”。常用于下列固定搭配中:
wait for sb. 等待某人
wait to do sth. 等待做某事
wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
wait a minute/moment/second 等一下
如:
—What are you doing here?你在这儿干什么?
—I’m waiting for my father to pick me up. 我在等父亲来接我。
知识点5:by
5. Can I put some flowers by the window?
by用法:作为介词,有多种含义。
用法
含义
示例
by+v.-ing
通过……手段;以……的方式
They study by working in groups.
by+交通工具
乘坐
They go to the park by subway.
by+抽象名词
由于 (表原因)
They met by chance.
by+时间点
不迟于
Jerry will arrive at the class by 8:30.
by+地点名词
在……旁;靠近
The doctor is standing by the door.
by+物
表示抓到或触及到的部分
I take him by the hand.
by+人
被某人……,常用于被动语态中
That umbrella is made by my mother.
常见搭配:by the way(顺便说一下);by oneself(独自);by the time(到.…...时候)。
in 表示“用……的方式,用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)”等;
with 表示“用……工具(具体有形的工具)”。
知识点6:yet
6. But their room is already clean! Well, it's not grandma clean" yet!
Yet & Already
Yet(尚未):用于否定句和疑问句
I haven't finished my homework yet. 我还没完成作业。
Already (已经):用于肯定句
She has already read this book.她已经读过这本书了。
知识点7:borrow
7. Helen, can I borrow your chess set?
borrow 动词:借入,搭配:borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
Can I borrow your pen? Mine is broken. 我能借你的钢笔吗?我的坏了。
辨析:lend(借出)→lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
【易混辨析】重点:borrow, lend与keep
单词
含义
用法
borrow
借;借入
(主语借进)
borrow sth. from sb. “向某人借某物”
lend
(过去式lent)
借给;借出
(主语借出)
lend sb. sth. “借某物给某人”
= lend sth. to sb. “把某物借给某人”
keep
保存;保留
延续动词,表示借用的时间长度,与for +一段时间及how long连用(指借一段时间)
Eg:He borrowed a lot of money from me. 他从我这儿借了很多钱。
Could you lend me your bike? = Could you lend your bike to me? 你可以借给我你的自行车吗?
I wanted to borrow a bike from my friend but he didn’t lend it to me, because Jane kept it for two days.
我想借用朋友的自行车,但他没借给我,因为简已经借走它两天了。
知识点8:see
8.I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.我看到我的外公和我的小表妹站在冷风中等待我们。
see作动词,意为“看见”。主要有两种用法:
(1)see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(全过程)。注意:用于被动语态需还原不定式符号to,即:sb. be seen to do sth. 某人被看见做某事。
(2)see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。
【拓展】辨析watch, look, see与read
词汇
意义及用法
常见搭配
watch
“注视;观看”,后多接电视、比赛、实验、表演等
watch TV/a game/match/movie
look
“看”,强调动作;单独使用“Look!”表示提醒。后接宾语时用“look at+宾语”
look at the
blackboard
see
“看见”,强调结果;也可译为“理解;明白”
see sb. do/doing sth.
see a film
see a doctor
read
“读;阅读”,后多接报纸、杂志、书等
read a newspaper/
magazine/book
知识点9:be happy to do
9. He was happy to hear I was doing well at school.他很高兴听到我在学校表现好。
be happy to do高兴做.....
知识点10:leave
10.Several days later when we were leaving, Grandma held my hands.几天过后当我们正准备离开时,外婆握住了我的手。
【详解】
变形:leave v.→left(过去式/过去分词)
知识点11:matter
11. No matter how long I'm away, home is always glad to see me again.无论我离开多久,家里总是会很高兴再次见到我。
知识点12:busy
12.Grandma,my aunt, and my uncle were busing cooking dinner in the kitchen.奶奶、我的姑姑和我的叔叔正在厨房里忙着做晚饭。
busy adj. 繁忙的,忙绿的 反义词:free/available空闲的
①be busy with sth忙于某事
②be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
知识点13:share
13.I shared the snacks with my cousin.我和我的表弟一起吃了零食。
变形:share v. →shared(过去式/过去分词)→sharing(现在分词)
知识点14:
14.what words are used to describe people's feeling?用来描述人们的词语有哪些?
be used to do意为“被用来做……”(表目的),如:
The spoon is used for having soup. = The spoon is used to have soup. 那把勺子是用来喝汤的。
used to, be used to doing, be used to do, be used for, be used as与be used by
①“某人 + used to + 动词原形”表示“某人过去常做某事(但现在不做了)”,是过去时态;
②“某人 + be/get(s) used to + 动词ing”表示“某人习惯于做某事”,通常是一般现在时;
③“某物 + be used to + 动词原形”表示“某物被用于做某事”,它和be used for sth./doing sth.都可以表示“被用来……”(表目的);
④be used as表示“作为……被使用”或“(被)用作……”,后面接名词,强调使用的工具及手段;
⑤be used by表示“由……使用”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调使用者。如:
I used to collect stamps, but now I am used to drawing. 我过去常常集邮,但是现在我习惯画画。
Wood can be used to make paper. 木材可以被用来造纸。
The knife is used to cut apples. = The knife is used for cutting apples. 小刀被用来切苹果。
A knife is used as a tool. 小刀被用作一种工具。
知识点15:
15.We want to cover the animals and paint the walls light green.
我们想把动物(的图画)盖住并且把墙涂成浅绿色。
知识点16:
After painting,could you help choose some photos to hang on the walls?
choose的用法
如:
①Many students choose to get further education at home instead of going abroad.
许多学生选择在国内接受进一步教育,而不是出国。
②He had no choice but to depend on himself at that moment.当时他别无选择,只能依靠自己。
3、 语法点清单
1. 情态动词can的用法
1.can是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态的变化,它的过去式为could,其后可直接接动词原形,其用法如下:
用法
例句
(1)表示能力,意为“能,会”。
Can you swim?你会游泳吗?
Can you answer the question?你能回答这个问题吗?
(2)表示许可,意为“可以”,相当于may(比may更口语化,may较正式)。此外,could也可以表示许可,语气更加委婉。
Can you help me?你能帮我吗?
You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。
Could you help me find it?你能帮我找到它吗?
(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes,I'd love (like) to.”等,作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No,I can't.”等。
—Can he come to my party?他能来参加我的宴会吗?
—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。
—Can you go to the baseball game?你能去看棒球比赛吗?
—Sorry,I can't.对不起,我不能。
(4)用于否定句或疑问句中,表示推测。
Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。
2.can句式变化
(1)在变否定句时,直接在后面加上“not”,写作can't或cannot。如:
I can speak French.我会讲法语。
→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。
(2)在变一般疑问句时,can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写,第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如:
I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。
→Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗?
其肯定回答可用yes,OK或certainly等;否定回答可用no或sorry等。如:
—Can you look after my books,please?你能照看一下我的书吗?
—OK.可以。
用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如:
—Can I see your guitar?我能看看你的吉他吗?
—Certainly.当然可以。
2.情态动词could的用法
一、情态动词could作为can的过去式时,表示过去的能力和可能性,其否定形式为could not,可缩写为couldn’t。
Eg:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗了。
Judy couldn’t have enough money for a car. 朱迪不可能有足够的钱买汽车。
二、情态动词could可用于礼貌地提出要求或征询许可,此时并非can的过去式。
用法和句式
示例
提出请求:
Could you please (not) do ...?
Could you please take the dog for a walk?
请你去遛遛狗好吗?
征询许可:
Could I/we do ... ?
Could I go out for dinner with my friends?
我能和朋友一起出去吃(晚)饭吗?
肯定回答常用语:
Of course./Certainly./OK./Sure./No problem.等
否定回答常用语:
Sorry./Certainly not./I’m afraid I can’t./No, you can’t等.+说明理由
—Could you please clean the room?
请你打扫一下房间好吗?
—Sure. 当然可以。
—Could you open the windows? 你能打开窗户吗?
—Sorry, but I have a cold. 抱歉,我感冒了。
【拓展延伸】
1.对提出请求或征询许可的句型做否定回答时,通常以sorry或I’m sorry开头。
Eg.—Could you help me with my English now? 你现在能帮我学英语吗?
—I’m sorry, but I have a football match ten minutes later. 抱歉,我十分钟后要参加一场足球赛。
2.如果问句中使用could,回答时要用can或can’t,不能用could或couldn’t。
Eg.—Could I use your bike? 我能用一下你的自行车吗?
—Sure, you can. 当然可以。
3.其他常见的表示委婉请求或征询许可的句型:
(1)Will/Would you please do ...? 表示“请你做……好吗?”
(2)Would you mind (not) doing ...? 表示“你介意(不)做……吗?”
(3)May I ...? 表示“我可以……吗?”
四、写作清单
话题分析
本单元的话题是“甜蜜的家”,主要介绍了你可以为家庭做些什么、如何让家变得更舒适以及家的意义,与此相关的写作主要涉及以下几个方面:
①介绍自己的家庭,表达家对你的意义;
②描述一家人在某个传统节日的活动;
③向朋友介绍自己家的空间特征,礼貌地请求朋友帮助你装饰房间。
典例1:
假如你是文昌中学一名八年级的学生,上周末你们班开展了一次帮父母做家务(Helping Parents Do Housework)的活动。请你根据下面的要点提示,写一篇英语短文,叙述你上周做家务的过程及感受。要求不少于80词。开头已给出,不计入总词数。
要点提示:(1)做家务的起因;
(2)做了哪些家务;
(3)父母的反应以及个人的感受。
I am a Grade 8 student in Wenchang Middle School.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文:
I am a Grade 8 student in Wenchang Middle School. Last week, our class held an activity called “Helping Parents Do Housework”. Everyone in my class took an active part in the activity.
As for me, I did a lot of chores because my parents were away last Saturday morning. First, I swept the floor, cleaned all the rooms and took out the rubbish. Then, I made the bed and folded the clothes. Finally, I watered the flowers in our garden. After doing the chores, I was very tired but happy. When my parents came back and saw what I had done, they were pleased with me. From then on, I decided to help my parents do more housework in my spare time.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇记叙文;
②时态:时态为“一般过去时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意不要遗漏“要点提示”中的三点,适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,说明做家务的起因。总体介绍该活动,如名称、活动范围、总体表现等;
第二步,具体叙述做了哪些家务。写作过程中需注意做家务的逻辑,要符合实际情况;
第三步,描写父母的反应和个人的感受。
[亮点词汇]
① hold an activity called ... 开展了一个名叫……的活动
② take an active part in 积极参与
③ as for ... 关于……
④ be pleased with ... 对……感到开心和满意
⑤ in my spare time 在我的空闲时间
[高分句型]
① After doing the chores, I was very tired but happy. (介词after后接动名词)
② When my parents came back and saw what I had done, they were pleased with me. (when引导的时间状语从句;what引导的宾语从句)
2.在你校“劳动教育月”期间,校英语报发起了“A Helper at Home”主题征文活动,请结合自身情况,用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你经常做的两项家务以及你的收获。
内容要点提示如下:
1在家经常做的家务劳动:
◆ fold clothes ◆ wash the dishes
◆ look after pets ◆ take out the rubbish ◆ …
2.你做家务劳动后的收获:
◆ life skills (技能) ◆ take care of ourselves ◆ understand parents
要求:
1. 语句通顺、符合逻辑,可适当发挥。
2. 不少于80词。开头已给出,不计入总词数。
These days, here is a topic about doing housework. As the family member, we should take part in it to help our parents.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文:
These days, here is a topic about doing housework. As the family member, we should take part in it to help our parents.
I often help with housework at home. I usually fold clothes and take out the rubbish. I also enjoy looking after pets. I feed them and play with them. I often wash the dishes after dinner. When I am free, I like to help water flowers and grow some vegetables in the garden.
I learn a lot from doing these chores. I learn some important life skills and I am able to take better care of myself. I also understand my parents more. They work hard every day and still manage to keep the house clean and comfortable. I am proud to help them with housework.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:主要采用“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意不要遗漏题目要求中的内容,适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,表明写作意图(已给出);
第二步,介绍自己经常做的家务内容;
第三步,介绍从做家务中取得的收获。
[亮点词汇]
①help with sth帮忙做某事
②learn a lot from从……中学到很多
③manage to do sth设法做成某事
④be proud do sth做某事很骄傲
[高分句型]
When I am free, I like to help water flowers and grow some vegetables in the garden.(when引导时间状语从句)
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