Unit 3 Getting along with others友谊（话题阅读精练）英语译林版2020必修第一册

Unit 3 Getting along with others 友谊 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 The glory of friendship is not the outstretched hand, nor the kindly smile, nor the joy of companionship; it is the spiritual inspiration that comes to one when he discovers that someone else believes in him and is willing to trust him. 友谊的光辉并不在于伸出的援手或者善意的微笑，也不在于陪伴之时的快乐。它是当一个人发现有人相信他并愿意信任他时得到的精神鼓舞。 主题词汇积累 一、关系类型 (Types of Relationships) family relationships (家庭关系)/parent-child bond (亲子纽带) friendship(s) (友谊)/close friends (密友) romantic relationship(s) (恋爱关系)/partner(s) (伴侣) peer relationships (同伴关系)/classmates (同学) online relationships (网络关系)/virtual friends (网友) teacher-student relationship(s) (师生关系) community ties (社区联系)/neighbor(s) (邻居) have a connection with (与...有联系) others 二、情感与态度 (Feelings & Attitudes) feel love/affection for (对...感到爱/喜爱) family/friends care about (关心) someone deeply trust/distrust (信任/不信任) each other respect/appreciate (尊重/欣赏) others feel supported by (感到被...支持) family/friends feel lonely/isolated (感到孤独/孤立) be grateful/thankful for (对...感激) someone's help be disappointed in/with (对...失望) someone's behavior be jealous/envious of (嫉妒/羡慕) someone 三、建立与维护关系 (Building & Maintaining Relationships) communicate with (与...沟通) others openly/honestly spend quality time with (花高质量时间与...一起) family/friends share feelings/thoughts (分享感受/想法) with someone offer support/help to (向...提供支持/帮助) those in need listen to (倾听) others patiently/actively understand/empathize with (理解/共情) others' situations build trust (建立信任) gradually strengthen bonds (加强纽带) through shared experiences keep in touch with (与...保持联系) old friends 四、关系挑战与解决 (Challenges & Resolutions) have an argument/quarrel with (与...争吵) someone face conflicts/misunderstandings (面对冲突/误会) in relationships deal with/cope with (处理/应对) peer pressure overcome difficulties (克服困难) together apologize to sb for sth (为某事向某人道歉) forgive sb for sth (原谅某人某事) compromise on (在...上妥协) differences mend a relationship (修复关系) after a conflict seek advice on (寻求关于...的建议) relationship problems 时文拓展阅读 A Trans-Pacific Pen Pal Friendship The friendship between Chinese-American pen pals Huang Yicheng and Carla Dillikov Canales transcends the obstacles of language and culture. They share lives through letters, with Huang teaching Carla Chinese vocabulary like “知音” (zhī yīn, bosom friend) and Carla introducing American culture to Huang. Their friendship began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou in 2023. Huang greeted Carla in English, and they exchanged gifts—Huang gave a Tulou model, while Carla presented a smartwatch. Since then, they have discussed music, studies, and family through letters, even publishing their friendship story in The New York Times. This friendship proves that sincere communication can go beyond borders. Huang said, “We listen to each other and share happiness.” They plan to meet again in the future to continue this cross-Pacific bond. 语篇翻译： 中美笔友黄奕诚与卡拉・迪利科夫・卡纳莱斯的友谊跨越了语言和文化障碍。他们通过书信分享生活，黄奕诚教卡拉中文词汇，如 “知音”(bosom friend)，卡拉则向黄奕诚介绍美国文化。 两人的友谊始于 2023 年漳州的偶遇。黄奕诚用英语问候卡拉，随后互赠礼物——黄奕诚送出土楼模型，卡拉回赠电话手表。此后，他们通过信件讨论音乐、学习和家庭，甚至在《纽约时报》上发表文章分享友谊故事。 这段友谊证明，真诚的交流能超越国界。黄奕诚说：“我们互相倾听，分享快乐。” 他们计划未来再次见面，继续这段跨越太平洋的情谊。 重点词汇： trans-Pacific (/′trænz pə′sɪfɪk/) adj. 跨太平洋的 bosom friend (/′bʊzəm frend/) 知音；挚友 encounter (/ɪn′kaʊntər/) n. 偶遇；邂逅 authentic (/ɔː′θentɪk/) adj. 真诚的；真实的 boundary (/′baʊndri/) n. 边界；界限 长难句分析： “Their friendship, which began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou, has proven that sincere communication can transcend national borders.” 抓标志：“which”(非限制性定语从句连词)，“that”(宾语从句连词) 判类型：复合句(主句：Their friendship has proven that...)，包含非限制性定语从句(which 引导)和宾语从句(that 引导) 试翻译：这段始于漳州偶遇的友谊证明，真诚交流能跨越国界。 高考真题链接 (2021·全国甲卷·高考真题C篇)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery. Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up. When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.” “Yeah,” I said. “Safe.” 28. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby. C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family. 29. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don’t worry! 30. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London? A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends. C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days 31. What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. Children should learn a second language. B. Sport is necessary for children’s health. C. Children need a sense of belonging D. Seeing the world is a must for children. ( 1. “Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.” 抓标志： 介词 “without” ，从属连词 “until” 判类型： 第一句中， “Without... days” 为介词短语作原因状语，主句为 “I felt at a loss and out of place” （ “felt” 后接并列形容词短语作表语）；第二句为省略句， “until” 引导时间状语从句，完整形式可理解为 “I didn’t feel better until I made a discovery” 。 试翻译 ：没有了我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到迷茫又格格不入。直到我有了一个发现。 2. “Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.” 抓标志： 关系副词 “where” 判类型： 主句为 “Southbank... is the center of British skateboarding” ， “at an eastern bend in the Thames” 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 “Southbank” ； “where” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 “Southbank” ，在从句中作地点状语，从句中 “left your head ringing” 为 “leave + 宾语 + 现在分词宾补 ” 结构。 试翻译： 泰晤士河东岸的南岸是英国滑板运动的中心，那里滑板不断的撞击声让你头晕眼花。 ) ( pack up ：收拾行李 land the trick ：完成技巧动作 beat their boards ：敲击他们的滑板 rush by ：飞奔而过 catch a few glances ：瞥了几眼 settle into ：适应；习惯 at a loss ：迷茫；不知所措 out of place ：格格不入；不自在 ) 命题特点 猜测词义是英语阅读理解的重要考点之一，近几年高考试题中都会有一个小题考查词义猜测。词句猜测题它可以是对________________,也可以是对________________。词句猜测题既可以考查________________,也可以考查________________,还可以是对________________。在阅读理解题中,所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上,而要根据短文提供的语境,通过阅读上下文,根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。 命题规律 1.文中长复合句、特殊句型处常考2.语言转折和强对比处常考3.对文章中心思想处常考 词义猜测题题解题思维 1.定位语境，锁定线索。找到目标词(或短语)在文中的具体位置，仔细阅读其前后 1-2 句的内容，圈画上下文的提示信息(如同义替换、反义对比、举例说明、因果关系等)。 2 利用构词法辅助推断 分析单词的词根、词缀(如前缀 “un-” 表否定，后缀 “-less” 表 “无…… 的”)，结合已知词义推测新词含义。 3. 结合逻辑关系推导 关注句内或句间的因果、递进、让步等逻辑关系，通过已知信息推导未知词义。 4验证词义合理性 将推测的词义代入原文，检查是否符合语境逻辑，是否与前后文保持一致(如时态、搭配、情感基调等)。 注意：避免仅根据单词本义(如熟词生义)或个人经验主观臆断，必须以原文语境为唯一依据； 若遇到多义词，需结合上下文确定其在文中的具体含义(如 “course” 可表示 “课程”“航线”“过程”，需根据语境判断)。 词义猜测题题干扰项特征 构词法干扰，指片面地从构词法的角度猜测、思考，不考虑上下文语境，望词生义； 高频词干扰，句子解释中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项一般是错误选项 ；     字面意思干扰，根据所学过的熟词意义常使考生觉得画线词义背过而忽略上下文主观臆断。 综合实战演练 Passage 1 (2024-2025学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一下学期期中调研英语试卷)Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever).   Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare.   One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next intergenerational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later.   I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals.   This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about intergenerational friendships.   My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures.   It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 1. What has the author learned from her relationship with Ruby? A. Older adults are lonely and in need of care. B. Nurses are more likely to develop friendships. C. Advanced healthcare can bridge generation gaps. D. Friendships serve as a source of learning across ages. 2. What is the main theme of the author’s book? A. The joy of intergenerational friendships. B. The benefits of friendships. C. The importance of providing healthcare. D. The creation of fun events. 3. How did the book impact on society? A. Schools promoted children’s reading. B. Children started befriending the elderly. C. More authors wrote stories about elders. D. Service projects gained great popularity. 4. What is the significance of the book for the author? A. It provided her with financial stability. B. It helped her reconnect with old friends. C. It enabled her to contribute to others’ lives. D. It made her childhood dream come true. Passage 2 (2024-2025学年河北省衡水市武强县衡水街关中学高一下学期开学英语试题)My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant. I focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together. Our different goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to face each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss you,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I'm sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding. We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my mind. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. 1. What can we learn about the author and Emily from paragraph 2? A. They enjoyed arguing with each other. B. Their target universities were the same. C. Their goals differed in their final year. D. They were both excellent in high school. 2. What does the underlined phrase “make the first move” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Be the first to make an apology. B. Be the first to end the relationship. C. Be the first to approach the teacher. D. Be the first to move to a new place. 3. What helped the author and Emily finally repair their relationship? A. A teacher’s persuasion. B. A speech competition. C. A shared project. D. A long talk between them. 4. What is the purpose of writing this text? A. To introduce a generous friend. B. To show a true friendship. C. To explain how to deal with stress. D. To describe the effect of silence. Passage 3 (2024-2025学年浙江省宁波市北仑中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题) Do we really know our best friends? I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously. It’s generally held that friends are people with whom we choose to develop relationships because we find their personalities agreeable, or similar to our own, and yet experience regularly contradicts this. What is a friend, really? All that one can safely say is that a friend is someone one likes and wishes to see again. The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens. When the researchers Michael Gill and Bill Swann questioned students sharing rooms, they found that, as time passed, people became even more confident in the accuracy of their judgments about the other, and yet, in reality, the judgments grew no more accurate. Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives. This seems strange, until you consider, that many-of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability. Friendahip may be less about being drawn to someone’s personality than about finding someone willing to keep you company, or lend an ear. A friend provides the “social-identity support” we desire. You needn’t be a close match with someone, nor deeply familiar with their mind. And once a friendship has begun, you want to like it, if only to confirm that you made the right decision. We don’t want to know everything about our friends. We don’t base friendships on what we learn about people; we decide what to learn about people, and what to ignore, based on having decided to be friends. Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendship as an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’s faults and not probe(刨根问底) too deeply in ways that might weaken the friendship. Perhaps a true friend is someone who doesn’t ask many awkward questions. 1. Why does the author tell the stories of his two friends in the first paragraph? A. To provide background information. B. To introduce the topic of the passage. C. To stress the importance of friendship. D. To show the difference between friends. 2. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______. A. friendships B. strangers C. researchers D. benefits 3. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. A. close friends usually know each other in depth B. real friends are people you like but don’t wish to see often C. we do not necessarily share personalities with close friends D. the longer we stay with friends, the more accurately we judge them 4. Which statement about friends will the author probably accept? A. Stay friends but keep a distance. B. It takes a long time to grow an old friend. C. Real friends will tell you when your face is dirty. D. True friends know all about you and still like you. Passage 4 (2024-2025学年山东省济南市第二中学高一下学期期中英语试题)There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have a lot of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky to sit on for it’s invisible, but if you take it to school and manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your real friends are,” Grandpa said. Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time, he asked his classmates to form a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nobody moves! You’re about to see something amazing.” Then Mario tried to sit on the chair, but he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh about it. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground…until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall over. This time he sat, hovering in mid-air... Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana--three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends did nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall. Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes(不幸). 1. Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help? A. Because he wondered about true friends. B. Because he couldn’t make any friends. C. Because he didn’t get along with his schoolmates D. Because he didn’t like his school. 2. Why was Mario able to hover in the mid-air? A. Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally. B. Because his three friends held him up. C. Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on. D. Because he could see the magic chair clearly. 3. Who are real friends according to the text? A. Those who laugh with us. B. Those who take joy in our misfortunes. C. Those who care for us when we are popular at school D. Those who sympathize with your misfortunes. 4. How did Mario most probably feel in the end of the text? A. Happy. B. Unconcerned. C. Upset. D. Uncomfortable. Passage 5 (2024-2025学年湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州湘西州高一上学期1月期末英语试题)Movies and TV shows would have you believe that friendships just develop effortlessly. However, in real life, friendship takes a lot of work and can be complicated sometimes! 1 . ● Be positive and supportive Keep a positive outlook in conversations. While it’s acceptable to discuss emotional issues, also include cheerful topics like books or games. For example, after a heavy discussion about a sad event, you can shift to asking, “Have you tried that new video game? It seems really fun.” 2 . If a friend has lost a job, offer kind words and practical help like helping with their resume. ● Show sincerity and trust Be genuine with your friends. When they ask for your opinion on their work, such as writing a story, give honest feedback. Instead of just saying it’s good, you could say, “The plot is interesting, but the character development could be deeper.” Also, always keep their secrets. 3 . ● Solve conflicts(冲突) properly and accept differences When conflicts occur, talk calmly and directly. If a friend uses your things without asking, say, “I feel a bit uncomfortable when you use my stuff without permission. Let’s talk about it.” 4 . Also, respect your differences. If you like action movies and your friend prefers comedies, take turns choosing the movie for a movie night. ● 5 Practice active listening. When a friend is talking about a problem, first ask about their feelings. For instance, if a friend is having an issue with a neighbor, ask “How does that make you feel?” before giving advice. Additionally, show interest in their hobbies. For example, asking “What made you start painting?” makes them feel you want to know about them. A. Moreover, support your friends in difficult times B. Listen and show interest C. Avoid being aggressive D. If a friend tells you about a personal family issue, don’t share it with others E. Here are four essential points for getting along with friends F. In the meantime, whatever your friend needs, give him a hand G. Deal with personal affairs honestly face to face Passage 6 (2024-2025学年福建省厦门市湖里区厦门双十中学高一下学期4月期中英语试题)For most of history, people lived in small groups of up to 150 people. Then villages and small towns developed, offering safety and support through the sharing of resources. As time passed, urban living brought additional advantages such as better jobs, schools and healthcare. Larger towns also gave people more chances to meet and interact. This is important. 1 Today, over half of the world’s population currently lives in towns and cities. But this has resulted in a strange paradox(悖论). Although social opportunities are one reason people choose to live in large cities, research suggests that city life can be lonely. 2 People from all over the world can join online communities and make virtual friends without leaving their home. The development of virtual communities can be traced back to the 1860s. Back then, telegraph operators exchanged messages and gradually formed friendships over long distances. 3 Later, in the 1960s, radios started to provide a means of short-distance communication and developed communities with their own unique language and usernames. 4 Computers were not very powerful yet, so people could post messages and share news and stories but not music or photos. Still, people loved being able to make friends online and then hang out with them. As technology became more powerful, online communities for fun, education and business emerged, where people could explore a virtual 3D world, have online lessons, and even buy things with virtual money. These days, there are thousands of virtual communities and that number keeps growing. Many people believe they will become more important. 5 Particularly, they’re concerned that posting personal information online might lead to a loss of privacy. So perhaps the future will be more like the past. People will spend most of their time in real communities. A. This trend, however, is not likely to continue. B. As Aristotle said, the nature of humans is to be social. C. That may explain why virtual communities are so popular. D. The first popular online communities developed in the 1980s. E. Before cell phones existed, radio was an easy way to communicate. F. Nevertheless, others worry about problems with these communities. G. This is among the earliest examples of virtual community interactions. Passage 7 (2024-2025学年广东省河源中学高一下学期开学考英语试题)The doorbell was ringing! I looked up from the sofa. Who in the world could that be? I had been 1 for months. Being 2 because of serious illness, I’d locked myself in my home, separating from everyone and everything. Friends telephoned, texted, emailed, or sent cards. I didn’t 3 , thinking that I had nothing to offer anyone in the sorry shape I was in. The bell continued ringing, so I 4 got up and opened the door and found that it was a flower delivery. As I put the bunch of flowers on my dining table, I was 5 by its uniqueness(独特性). It was 6 flowers of many varieties that shouldn’t really go together yet somehow did. The 7 flowers had come in a blue bottle, without a card. Instead of 8 to the sofa, I telephoned the flower shop. The boss told me some of my friends were behind the 9 , with names unknown. “They wanted to send a(n) 10 to you,” he said, “through the language of flowers.” It was 11 that the flowers were specifically picked. Each of them 12 something different. The more I 13 what the flowers meant, the more I started to remember the woman who I used to be before I 14 myself. My friends knew I was still that woman, with value beyond my health. Suddenly, my hope for life was 15 again! 1. A. experimenting B. learning C. training D. suffering 2. A. independent B. selfish C. hopeless D. curious 3. A. attempt B. protest C. respond D. impress 4. A. confidently B. suddenly C. energetically D. slowly 5. A. attracted B. disappointed C. annoyed D. represented 6. A. broken away from B. made up of C. kept off D. named after 7. A. similar B. familiar C. mysterious D. expensive 8. A. adapting B. returning C. referring D. pointing 9. A. delivery B. store C. comment D. reward 20. A. announcement B. agreement C. message D. postcard 11. A. natural B. obvious C. strange D. necessary 12. A. avoided B. mentioned C. promoted D. expressed 13. A. understood B. proved C. explained D. expected 14. A. behaved B. hid C. enjoyed D. recovered 15. A. appreciated B. delayed C. killed D. lighted Passage 8 (2024-2025学年江西省宜丰中学等多校联考高一下学期2月质量检测英语试题)Some friends are forever, and a few people are lucky enough to have pictures to show for it. A group of four women from the UK 16 to a seaside resort(度假胜地) in Torquay, Devon, England, in 1972. During their time there, a photographer (摄影师) took a picture of them walking arm in arm on the beach. Now, the four of them have 17 together over half a century later to recreate that 18 image. Carol Ansbro, Marion Bamforth, Susan Morris, and Mary Helliwell, from Halifax, had the time of their lives on that trip. “Our first holiday in Torquay was truly 19 ,” said Morris. “We were so excited about 20 in a hotel and sharing each other’s clothes.” The four vowed(发誓) to return when they started 21 their 70th birthdays. The group kept their 22 when Ansbro, the oldest of the group, 23 that milestone age. Not only did they return to Torquay, but they also 24 to recreate their image on their first trip. The friends wore clothes that closely 25 the ones worn in the original image. However, the real 26 was finding the exact place, as many things had 27 over the course of 50 years. “None of us could 28 where the photo was taken but, 29 , a worker at the hotel where we were staying, guided us to the exact place,” Morris said. For the four women, who have been friends since primary school, the new image 30 their lifelong friendship. Ansbro said, “I still can’t believe it actually happened.” 16. A. moved B. returned C. traveled D. adapted 17. A. gathered B. exercised C. played D. studied 18. A. unknown B. award-winning C. meaningless D. heart-warming 19. A. early B. strange C. amazing D. difficult 20. A. working B. volunteering C. staying D. hiding 21. A. recalling B. celebrating C. regretting D. mentioning 22. A. health B. promise C. patience D. distance 23. A. recorded B. broke C. forgot D. reached 24. A. set out B. ran away C. turned around D. pulled ahead 25. A. coloured B. matched C. avoided D. repaired 26. A. challenge B. happiness C. secret D. reason 27. A. escaped B. arrived C. waited D. changed 28. A. understand B. remember C. believe D. doubt 29. A. luckily B. gradually C. possibly D. exactly 30. A. hurts B. cheats C. shows D. saves Passage 9 (2024-2025学年江苏省锡东高级中学高一下学期3月考试英语试卷)In the distant past, friends relied on each other for their survival. They hunted together and defended each other 1 animals and enemies in the 2 (disaster) experiences. In those days, if you didn’t have a friend, you would end up either starving, 3 (eat) or killed. Nowadays, friendship isn’t exactly a matter of life and death. However, friendship is still of great importance and not 4 (have) a friend is something to be concerned about. Most people look upon a friend as someone they can depend on when 5 (face) with trouble. In these hard times, friends provide them with emotional support and sometimes financial help. It is in these hard times 6 they find out who their true friends are. 7 the old saying goes, in times of success, friends will be plenty; in times of 8 (suffer), not one in twenty. And there is another saying that says you can hardly make a friend in a year, but you can easily upset one in 9 hour. So do your best to get along with and be grateful to all those who are willing to support you in the cases 10 put you in trouble. Passage 10 (2024-2025学年河南省新乡市、安阳市等部分学校高一下学期3月联考英语试卷)Friendship is one of life’s greatest gifts, and it 11 (value) in both Eastern and Western cultures. One of the most famous 12 (saying) about friendship in China can be found in the words of Confucius: “Isn’t it 13 joy when friends visit from faraway places?” In the UK, there is an 14 (equal) famous poem about friendship. It reminds people 15 (remember)and value old friendships, as they look to the years ahead. That poem is Auld Lang Syne. “Auld Lang Syne” is Scots and is translated word for word as “old long since”, 16 (mean) “days gone by”. The poem was written by the great Scottish poet Robert Burns. It was printed in 1796, just after Burns’s death. And over the years it has become the song that is so familiar 17 us today. Joyful but at the same time a bit sad, Auld lang Syne has featured in many films, including Waterloo Bridge, the film 18 made the song widely known to Chinese audience. So far, Auld Lang Syne 19 (translate) into many different languages. It’s played at parties, celebrations, festivals, and even at some shopping centers at closing time. Whatever language or occasion, it has become a symbol of friendship and 20 (share) experience — whether we can sing it or not. ( 7 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Getting along with others 友谊 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 The glory of friendship is not the outstretched hand, nor the kindly smile, nor the joy of companionship; it is the spiritual inspiration that comes to one when he discovers that someone else believes in him and is willing to trust him. 友谊的光辉并不在于伸出的援手或者善意的微笑，也不在于陪伴之时的快乐。它是当一个人发现有人相信他并愿意信任他时得到的精神鼓舞。 主题词汇积累 一、关系类型 (Types of Relationships) family relationships (家庭关系)/parent-child bond (亲子纽带) friendship(s) (友谊)/close friends (密友) romantic relationship(s) (恋爱关系)/partner(s) (伴侣) peer relationships (同伴关系)/classmates (同学) online relationships (网络关系)/virtual friends (网友) teacher-student relationship(s) (师生关系) community ties (社区联系)/neighbor(s) (邻居) have a connection with (与...有联系) others 二、情感与态度 (Feelings & Attitudes) feel love/affection for (对...感到爱/喜爱) family/friends care about (关心) someone deeply trust/distrust (信任/不信任) each other respect/appreciate (尊重/欣赏) others feel supported by (感到被...支持) family/friends feel lonely/isolated (感到孤独/孤立) be grateful/thankful for (对...感激) someone's help be disappointed in/with (对...失望) someone's behavior be jealous/envious of (嫉妒/羡慕) someone 三、建立与维护关系 (Building & Maintaining Relationships) communicate with (与...沟通) others openly/honestly spend quality time with (花高质量时间与...一起) family/friends share feelings/thoughts (分享感受/想法) with someone offer support/help to (向...提供支持/帮助) those in need listen to (倾听) others patiently/actively understand/empathize with (理解/共情) others' situations build trust (建立信任) gradually strengthen bonds (加强纽带) through shared experiences keep in touch with (与...保持联系) old friends 四、关系挑战与解决 (Challenges & Resolutions) have an argument/quarrel with (与...争吵) someone face conflicts/misunderstandings (面对冲突/误会) in relationships deal with/cope with (处理/应对) peer pressure overcome difficulties (克服困难) together apologize to sb for sth (为某事向某人道歉) forgive sb for sth (原谅某人某事) compromise on (在...上妥协) differences mend a relationship (修复关系) after a conflict seek advice on (寻求关于...的建议) relationship problems 时文拓展阅读 A Trans-Pacific Pen Pal Friendship The friendship between Chinese-American pen pals Huang Yicheng and Carla Dillikov Canales transcends the obstacles of language and culture. They share lives through letters, with Huang teaching Carla Chinese vocabulary like “知音” (zhī yīn, bosom friend) and Carla introducing American culture to Huang. Their friendship began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou in 2023. Huang greeted Carla in English, and they exchanged gifts—Huang gave a Tulou model, while Carla presented a smartwatch. Since then, they have discussed music, studies, and family through letters, even publishing their friendship story in The New York Times. This friendship proves that sincere communication can go beyond borders. Huang said, “We listen to each other and share happiness.” They plan to meet again in the future to continue this cross-Pacific bond. 语篇翻译： 中美笔友黄奕诚与卡拉・迪利科夫・卡纳莱斯的友谊跨越了语言和文化障碍。他们通过书信分享生活，黄奕诚教卡拉中文词汇，如 “知音”(bosom friend)，卡拉则向黄奕诚介绍美国文化。 两人的友谊始于 2023 年漳州的偶遇。黄奕诚用英语问候卡拉，随后互赠礼物——黄奕诚送出土楼模型，卡拉回赠电话手表。此后，他们通过信件讨论音乐、学习和家庭，甚至在《纽约时报》上发表文章分享友谊故事。 这段友谊证明，真诚的交流能超越国界。黄奕诚说：“我们互相倾听，分享快乐。” 他们计划未来再次见面，继续这段跨越太平洋的情谊。 重点词汇： trans-Pacific (/′trænz pə′sɪfɪk/) adj. 跨太平洋的 bosom friend (/′bʊzəm frend/) 知音；挚友 encounter (/ɪn′kaʊntər/) n. 偶遇；邂逅 authentic (/ɔː′θentɪk/) adj. 真诚的；真实的 boundary (/′baʊndri/) n. 边界；界限 长难句分析： “Their friendship, which began with a chance encounter in Zhangzhou, has proven that sincere communication can transcend national borders.” 抓标志：“which”(非限制性定语从句连词)，“that”(宾语从句连词) 判类型：复合句(主句：Their friendship has proven that...)，包含非限制性定语从句(which 引导)和宾语从句(that 引导) 试翻译：这段始于漳州偶遇的友谊证明，真诚交流能跨越国界。 高考真题链接 (2021·全国甲卷·高考真题C篇)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery. Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up. When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.” “Yeah,” I said. “Safe.” 28. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby. C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family. 29. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don’t worry! 30. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London? A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends. C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days 31. What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A. Children should learn a second language. B. Sport is necessary for children’s health. C. Children need a sense of belonging D. Seeing the world is a must for children. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。 28. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧。故选A。 29. B 【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!”(几分钟后，当我学会这个技巧时，我的朋友们敲着他们的板子大声喊道：“做得好！做得好！做得好！)”以及后文“And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义。故选B。 30. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好!”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆。故选D。 31. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。直到我有了一个发现)”以及文章第二段“Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters.(泰晤士河东段的南岸，是英国滑板运动的中心，在那里，滑板不断的碰撞声让你的脑袋嗡嗡作响。我喜欢那里。我很快就和当地的滑板手交了朋友)”及文章倒数第二段“When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up.(我15岁时，我全家搬到了华盛顿。我试着在那里玩滑板，但当地人远不那么热情。几年之内，我就放弃了)”以及文章最后一段“When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring.(当我2004年回到伦敦时，我发现自己在南岸闲逛，在那里呆了几个小时。从那以后，我已经回去好几次了，最近一次是今年春天)”可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的。故选C。 ( 1. “Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.” 抓标志： 介词 “without” ，从属连词 “until” 判类型： 第一句中， “Without... days” 为介词短语作原因状语，主句为 “I felt at a loss and out of place” （ “felt” 后接并列形容词短语作表语）；第二句为省略句， “until” 引导时间状语从句，完整形式可理解为 “I didn’t feel better until I made a discovery” 。 试翻译 ：没有了我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到迷茫又格格不入。直到我有了一个发现。 2. “Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.” 抓标志： 关系副词 “where” 判类型： 主句为 “Southbank... is the center of British skateboarding” ， “at an eastern bend in the Thames” 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 “Southbank” ； “where” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 “Southbank” ，在从句中作地点状语，从句中 “left your head ringing” 为 “leave + 宾语 + 现在分词宾补 ” 结构。 试翻译： 泰晤士河东岸的南岸是英国滑板运动的中心，那里滑板不断的撞击声让你头晕眼花。 ) ( pack up ：收拾行李 land the trick ：完成技巧动作 beat their boards ：敲击他们的滑板 rush by ：飞奔而过 catch a few glances ：瞥了几眼 settle into ：适应；习惯 at a loss ：迷茫；不知所措 out of place ：格格不入；不自在 ) 命题特点 猜测词义是英语阅读理解的重要考点之一，近几年高考试题中都会有一个小题考查词义猜测。词句猜测题它可以是对一个单词的意义的推断,也可以是对一个短语或句子的意义的推断。词句猜测题既可以考查生词的意义,也可以考查熟词的新义,还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中,所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上,而要根据短文提供的语境,通过阅读上下文,根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。 命题规律 1.文中长复合句、特殊句型处常考2.语言转折和强对比处常考3.对文章中心思想处常考 词义猜测题题解题思维 1.定位语境，锁定线索。找到目标词(或短语)在文中的具体位置，仔细阅读其前后 1-2 句的内容，圈画上下文的提示信息(如同义替换、反义对比、举例说明、因果关系等)。 2 利用构词法辅助推断 分析单词的词根、词缀(如前缀 “un-” 表否定，后缀 “-less” 表 “无…… 的”)，结合已知词义推测新词含义。 3. 结合逻辑关系推导 关注句内或句间的因果、递进、让步等逻辑关系，通过已知信息推导未知词义。 4验证词义合理性 将推测的词义代入原文，检查是否符合语境逻辑，是否与前后文保持一致(如时态、搭配、情感基调等)。 注意：避免仅根据单词本义(如熟词生义)或个人经验主观臆断，必须以原文语境为唯一依据； 若遇到多义词，需结合上下文确定其在文中的具体含义(如 “course” 可表示 “课程”“航线”“过程”，需根据语境判断)。 词义猜测题题干扰项特征 构词法干扰，指片面地从构词法的角度猜测、思考，不考虑上下文语境，望词生义； 高频词干扰，句子解释中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项一般是错误选项 ；     字面意思干扰，根据所学过的熟词意义常使考生觉得画线词义背过而忽略上下文主观臆断。 综合实战演练 Passage 1 (2024-2025学年江苏省南京市六校联合体高一下学期期中调研英语试卷)Our first introduction occurred while I was teaching a nursing course at the care center. “You need to meet our new resident, Ruby!” the charge nurse said. I simply said hello to the eighty-nine-year-old lady, and five years later we are what Ruby refers to as BFFs (Best Friends Forever).   Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare.   One day, I picked up all four of my grandchildren to visit Ruby. The next intergenerational friendships were born. Over the next few years, I witnessed the happiness that the children and Ruby shared. They developed a mutual love for each other that I wished we could recreate for other elderly people. This thought stayed with me until I retired from nursing a few years later.   I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. They held surprise birthday parties, tea parties, and took her to school musicals.   This book has taken my life by storm as it has received diverse awards and brought many opportunities to publicly speak about intergenerational friendships.   My vision for the book was originally on a smaller scale and written to encourage families with children to visit an older adult. I was in awe when entire schools began approaching me to use the book for service projects. One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures.   It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. 1. What has the author learned from her relationship with Ruby? A. Older adults are lonely and in need of care. B. Nurses are more likely to develop friendships. C. Advanced healthcare can bridge generation gaps. D. Friendships serve as a source of learning across ages. 2. What is the main theme of the author’s book? A. The joy of intergenerational friendships. B. The benefits of friendships. C. The importance of providing healthcare. D. The creation of fun events. 3. How did the book impact on society? A. Schools promoted children’s reading. B. Children started befriending the elderly. C. More authors wrote stories about elders. D. Service projects gained great popularity. 4. What is the significance of the book for the author? A. It provided her with financial stability. B. It helped her reconnect with old friends. C. It enabled her to contribute to others’ lives. D. It made her childhood dream come true. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与89岁的Ruby建立跨代友谊的经历，以及由此创作书籍并推动社会关注老年人与儿童互动的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, I have realized that in an intergenerational friendship such as ours, each generation has so much to learn and teach each other. Ruby was also a nurse. I loved to hear about her nursing practice, and she was always eager to hear about today’s advances in healthcare. (多年来，我意识到，在像我们这样的代际友谊中，每一代人都有很多东西可以相互学习和传授。鲁比也是一名护士。我喜欢听她讲她的护理实践，而她总是渴望听到当今医疗保健方面的进展。)”可知，从用Ruby的跨代友谊中，作者学到跨代友谊是互相学习的源泉。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I spent the next eight months creating Ms. Ruby and the Gigi Squad: Friendship Comes in All Ages. This labor-of-love book records the many fun events the children created for Ruby over the years. ( 接下来的8个月里，我创作了《鲁比小姐和吉吉小队：友谊不分年龄》。这本书记录了孩子们多年来为Ruby创造的许多有趣的事件。)”可知，书籍的主题是跨代友谊的快乐。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“One activity that I included in the book, titled The Sunshine Bag Project, took off, and children began giving the elderly these special bags that included letters, cards, and small treasures. (我在书中加入了一个名为“阳光包计划”的活动，这个活动很受欢迎，孩子们开始给老人这些特殊的袋子，里面装着信件、卡片和小宝贝。)”可知，书籍促使儿童主动与老年人建立友谊。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It was also a joy to know that in the next chapter of life, I could continue to make a difference to others — all because I had the courage to step out of my comfort zone and take a wonderful step toward authorship. (当我知道在人生的下一个篇章中，我可以继续为他人带来改变时，我也感到很高兴——这一切都是因为我有勇气走出自己的舒适区，朝着作者的方向迈出了美妙的一步。)”可知，书籍让作者得以持续为他人带来改变，这使她能够为他人的生活做出贡献。故选C。 Passage 2 (2024-2025学年河北省衡水市武强县衡水街关中学高一下学期开学英语试题)My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant. I focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together. Our different goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to face each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss you,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I'm sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding. We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my mind. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. 1. What can we learn about the author and Emily from paragraph 2? A. They enjoyed arguing with each other. B. Their target universities were the same. C. Their goals differed in their final year. D. They were both excellent in high school. 2. What does the underlined phrase “make the first move” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Be the first to make an apology. B. Be the first to end the relationship. C. Be the first to approach the teacher. D. Be the first to move to a new place. 3. What helped the author and Emily finally repair their relationship? A. A teacher’s persuasion. B. A speech competition. C. A shared project. D. A long talk between them. 4. What is the purpose of writing this text? A. To introduce a generous friend. B. To show a true friendship. C. To explain how to deal with stress. D. To describe the effect of silence. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中最后一年与好友Emily之间因目标不同而产生的矛盾以及最终和解的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“I focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together. Our different goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things.(我专注于进入一所顶尖大学，而Emily更感兴趣的是享受我们在一起的最后一年。我们不同的目标导致了分歧，很快，我们开始为最小的事情争吵起来。)”可知，作者和Emily在最后一年的目标不同，这导致了他们的分歧和争吵。故选C项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch.(有一天，事情达到了沸点。我们为了一个小组项目大吵了一架。日子一天天过去，我们的友谊似乎无法修复。我们在学校回避对方，午餐时也不再坐在一起。)”可知，作者和Emily大吵一架后，两个人不再说话。朋友们想帮忙，肯定是想让两个人和好。由划线短语前的转折“but neither of us was willing to”可知，两个人肯定是都不愿意主动行动，向对方道歉，所以此处的make the first move指的是“第一个道歉”。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to face each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss you,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I'm sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied.(直到我们的英语老师安排我们一起做期末报告，我们才被迫面对面。起初，我们在紧张的沉默中工作。但随着我们在一起的时间越来越长，冰开始融化。一天晚上，当我们正在完成我们的项目时，艾米丽打破了沉默。“我想你，”她温柔地说。“我也想你，”我承认，感觉喉咙哽咽了。“我很抱歉对你这么苛刻。我只是希望一切都能完美。“我也很抱歉，”艾米丽回答。)”可知，一个合作项目帮助作者和Emily最终修复了他们的关系。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other.(毕业那天，我们肩并肩站在一起，为我们所取得的成就感到骄傲，也互相感激。这次经历使我们的关系更加紧密，我们知道，无论生活把我们带到哪里，我们都会永远在一起。)”可知，全文通过矛盾与和解的过程，展现了真正的友谊经得起考验，最终更加牢固。因此写作目的是展示真正的友谊。故选B项。 Passage 3 (2024-2025学年浙江省宁波市北仑中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题) Do we really know our best friends? I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously. It’s generally held that friends are people with whom we choose to develop relationships because we find their personalities agreeable, or similar to our own, and yet experience regularly contradicts this. What is a friend, really? All that one can safely say is that a friend is someone one likes and wishes to see again. The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens. When the researchers Michael Gill and Bill Swann questioned students sharing rooms, they found that, as time passed, people became even more confident in the accuracy of their judgments about the other, and yet, in reality, the judgments grew no more accurate. Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives. This seems strange, until you consider, that many-of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability. Friendahip may be less about being drawn to someone’s personality than about finding someone willing to keep you company, or lend an ear. A friend provides the “social-identity support” we desire. You needn’t be a close match with someone, nor deeply familiar with their mind. And once a friendship has begun, you want to like it, if only to confirm that you made the right decision. We don’t want to know everything about our friends. We don’t base friendships on what we learn about people; we decide what to learn about people, and what to ignore, based on having decided to be friends. Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendship as an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’s faults and not probe(刨根问底) too deeply in ways that might weaken the friendship. Perhaps a true friend is someone who doesn’t ask many awkward questions. 1. Why does the author tell the stories of his two friends in the first paragraph? A. To provide background information. B. To introduce the topic of the passage. C. To stress the importance of friendship. D. To show the difference between friends. 2. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______. A. friendships B. strangers C. researchers D. benefits 3. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. A. close friends usually know each other in depth B. real friends are people you like but don’t wish to see often C. we do not necessarily share personalities with close friends D. the longer we stay with friends, the more accurately we judge them 4. Which statement about friends will the author probably accept? A. Stay friends but keep a distance. B. It takes a long time to grow an old friend. C. Real friends will tell you when your face is dirty. D. True friends know all about you and still like you. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“我们是否真正了解自己最好的朋友”这一主题展开讨论，通过列举朋友的事例、引用研究结果等方式，阐述了对朋友关系的看法。 1 推理判断题。根据第一段“I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously.(我非常喜欢我的好朋友，然而，他们几乎每天都让我震惊。我有一个朋友认为投票是浪费时间；我还有一个朋友从不认真对待任何约定在特定时间和地点见面的安排。)”可知，作者在第一段中讲述了他两个朋友的故事，是为了引出文章的主题。故选B。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“This seems strange, until you consider, that many of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability.(这看起来很奇怪，直到你考虑到，友谊提供的许多好处并不一定依赖于完美的熟悉；它们来自更接近可靠的东西。)”可知，此处“they”指代上文提到的“the benefits”。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens.(事实是我们并不了解我们的朋友。大量的研究表明，我们倾向于认为我们的朋友比实际情况更同意我们的观点。最引人注目的是，这个问题并不会随着友谊的加深而减少。)”和“Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives.(两个人可能会成为亲密的朋友，但对彼此内心生活的广阔领域仍然一无所知。)”可推断，我们不一定和密友有相同的个性。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendship as an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’s faults and not probe (刨根问底) too deeply in ways that might weaken the friendship.(也许把友谊看作是一种互相陪伴、忽略彼此缺点、不深入探究可能削弱友谊的方式，这有些令人感动。)”可推断，作者可能会接受“做朋友但保持距离”这种说法。故选A。 Passage 4 (2024-2025学年山东省济南市第二中学高一下学期期中英语试题)There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have a lot of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it’s in the attic. Wait a minute here.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. It’s rather tricky to sit on for it’s invisible, but if you take it to school and manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your real friends are,” Grandpa said. Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time, he asked his classmates to form a circle, and then he put himself inside, with his chair. “Nobody moves! You’re about to see something amazing.” Then Mario tried to sit on the chair, but he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh about it. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground…until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall over. This time he sat, hovering in mid-air... Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana--three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends did nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall. Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes(不幸). 1. Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help? A. Because he wondered about true friends. B. Because he couldn’t make any friends. C. Because he didn’t get along with his schoolmates D. Because he didn’t like his school. 2. Why was Mario able to hover in the mid-air? A. Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally. B. Because his three friends held him up. C. Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on. D. Because he could see the magic chair clearly. 3. Who are real friends according to the text? A. Those who laugh with us. B. Those who take joy in our misfortunes. C. Those who care for us when we are popular at school D. Those who sympathize with your misfortunes. 4. How did Mario most probably feel in the end of the text? A. Happy. B. Unconcerned. C. Upset. D. Uncomfortable. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Mario为了弄清楚谁是真正的朋友，听从爷爷的建议，拿了一把看不见的椅子去学校，通过观察同学们的反应，最终明白了真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不是那些只是路过或者在我们不幸时取笑我们的人。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help.(然而，他不确定他的同学是否是他真正的朋友，所以他向他的爷爷求助。)”可知，Mario向他的爷爷求助是因为他想知道真正的朋友是什么样的。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana — three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall down.(Mario环顾四周，看到他的三个最好的朋友George、Lucas和Diana把他举起来，这样他就不会摔倒了。)”可知，Mario能在半空中悬浮是因为他的三个朋友把他举起来了。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by. Even less would a real friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes.(和他的三个朋友一起离开后，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何巧妙地想出一个办法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人。更不用说真正的朋友是那些在我们不幸时取乐的人了。)”可知，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，也就是那些同情你的不幸的人。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of a way to show him that true friends are those who care about us, and not just any acquaintance who happens to be passing by.(和他的三个朋友一起离开后，他向他们解释了他的爷爷是如何巧妙地想出一个办法来告诉他，真正的朋友是那些关心我们的人，而不仅仅是碰巧路过的熟人。)”可知，Mario通过这件事明白了真正的朋友是什么样的，并且他还有三个真正的朋友，所以他应该是高兴的。故选A。 Passage 5 (2024-2025学年湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州湘西州高一上学期1月期末英语试题)Movies and TV shows would have you believe that friendships just develop effortlessly. However, in real life, friendship takes a lot of work and can be complicated sometimes! 1 . ● Be positive and supportive Keep a positive outlook in conversations. While it’s acceptable to discuss emotional issues, also include cheerful topics like books or games. For example, after a heavy discussion about a sad event, you can shift to asking, “Have you tried that new video game? It seems really fun.” 2 . If a friend has lost a job, offer kind words and practical help like helping with their resume. ● Show sincerity and trust Be genuine with your friends. When they ask for your opinion on their work, such as writing a story, give honest feedback. Instead of just saying it’s good, you could say, “The plot is interesting, but the character development could be deeper.” Also, always keep their secrets. 3 . ● Solve conflicts(冲突) properly and accept differences When conflicts occur, talk calmly and directly. If a friend uses your things without asking, say, “I feel a bit uncomfortable when you use my stuff without permission. Let’s talk about it.” 4 . Also, respect your differences. If you like action movies and your friend prefers comedies, take turns choosing the movie for a movie night. ● 5 Practice active listening. When a friend is talking about a problem, first ask about their feelings. For instance, if a friend is having an issue with a neighbor, ask “How does that make you feel?” before giving advice. Additionally, show interest in their hobbies. For example, asking “What made you start painting?” makes them feel you want to know about them. A. Moreover, support your friends in difficult times B. Listen and show interest C. Avoid being aggressive D. If a friend tells you about a personal family issue, don’t share it with others E. Here are four essential points for getting along with friends F. In the meantime, whatever your friend needs, give him a hand G. Deal with personal affairs honestly face to face 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与现实相反，友谊并非轻易发展，并给出了与朋友相处的四个要点。 1. 由上文“Movies and TV shows would have you believe that friendships just develop effortlessly. However, in real life, friendship takes a lot of work and can be complicated sometimes! (电影和电视剧会让你相信友谊是自然而然发展起来的。然而，在现实生活中，友谊需要大量的努力，而且有时会很复杂！)”和下文“Be positive and supportive (保持积极和支持)”可知，上文提到友谊需要付出很多努力，下文给出一些具体的建议，本空应强调下文有与朋友相处的建议。E选项“Here are four essential points for getting along with friends (这里有四个与朋友相处的要点)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 2. 由下文“If a friend has lost a job, offer kind words and practical help like helping with their resume. (如果一个朋友失业了，请提供善意的话语和实际的帮助，比如帮助他们写简历。)”可知，下文举例说如果朋友失业了要提供善意的话语和实际的帮助，本空应强调在困难时期支持朋友，A选项“Moreover, support your friends in difficult times (此外，在困难时期支持你的朋友)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选A。 3. 由上文“Also, always keep their secrets. (此外，要始终保守他们的秘密。)”可知，上文提到要保守秘密，本空应进一步举例说明保守朋友的秘密，D选项“If a friend tells you about a personal family issue, don’t share it with others (如果一个朋友告诉你一个家庭私事，不要告诉别人)”进一步说明如何保守秘密，即不要将朋友的家庭私事告诉别人，符合题意。故选D。 4. 由上文“When conflicts occur, talk calmly and directly. If a friend uses your things without asking, say, “I feel a bit uncomfortable when you use my stuff without permission. Let’ s talk about it.” (当冲突发生时，要冷静直接地交谈。如果朋友不经过你的允许就用你的东西，就说：“你未经允许就用我的东西，我有点不舒服。我们谈谈吧。”)”可知，上文提到冲突发生时，要冷静交谈，本空应强调冲突时的态度要好，不要咄咄逼人，C选项“Avoid being aggressive (避免咄咄逼人)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 5. 由下文“Practice active listening. When a friend is talking about a problem, first ask about their feelings. (练习积极倾听。当朋友在谈论一个问题时，首先询问他们的感受)”可知，本段主要讲述如何倾听朋友的感受，B选项“Listen and show interest (倾听并表现出兴趣)”能概括本段大意，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 6 (2024-2025学年福建省厦门市湖里区厦门双十中学高一下学期4月期中英语试题)For most of history, people lived in small groups of up to 150 people. Then villages and small towns developed, offering safety and support through the sharing of resources. As time passed, urban living brought additional advantages such as better jobs, schools and healthcare. Larger towns also gave people more chances to meet and interact. This is important. 1 Today, over half of the world’s population currently lives in towns and cities. But this has resulted in a strange paradox(悖论). Although social opportunities are one reason people choose to live in large cities, research suggests that city life can be lonely. 2 People from all over the world can join online communities and make virtual friends without leaving their home. The development of virtual communities can be traced back to the 1860s. Back then, telegraph operators exchanged messages and gradually formed friendships over long distances. 3 Later, in the 1960s, radios started to provide a means of short-distance communication and developed communities with their own unique language and usernames. 4 Computers were not very powerful yet, so people could post messages and share news and stories but not music or photos. Still, people loved being able to make friends online and then hang out with them. As technology became more powerful, online communities for fun, education and business emerged, where people could explore a virtual 3D world, have online lessons, and even buy things with virtual money. These days, there are thousands of virtual communities and that number keeps growing. Many people believe they will become more important. 5 Particularly, they’re concerned that posting personal information online might lead to a loss of privacy. So perhaps the future will be more like the past. People will spend most of their time in real communities. A. This trend, however, is not likely to continue. B. As Aristotle said, the nature of humans is to be social. C. That may explain why virtual communities are so popular. D. The first popular online communities developed in the 1980s. E. Before cell phones existed, radio was an easy way to communicate. F. Nevertheless, others worry about problems with these communities. G. This is among the earliest examples of virtual community interactions. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. G 4. D 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述城市生活可能是孤独的，因此虚拟社区很受欢迎，文章介绍了虚拟社区的发展历史。 1. 上文“Larger towns also gave people more chances to meet and interact. This is important.(较大的城镇也为人们提供了更多见面和互动的机会。这很重要)”提到，人们见面和互动更多，这很重要，B项“正如亚里士多德所说，人类的本性是社会性的”解释上一句“这很重要”的原因，故选B。 2. 上文“Although social opportunities are one reason people choose to live in large cities, research suggests that city life can be lonely.(尽管社交机会是人们选择住在大城市的原因之一，但研究表明，城市生活可能是孤独的)”提到，城市生活可能是孤独的，结合下文“People from all over the world can join online communities and make virtual friends without leaving their home.(来自世界各地的人们足不出户就可以加入在线社区，结交虚拟朋友)”提到人们结交虚拟朋友，C项“这也许可以解释为什么虚拟社区如此受欢迎”符合语境，因为城市生活孤独，所以人们热衷于虚拟社区，故选C。 3. 上文“The development of virtual communities can be traced back to the 1860s. Back then, telegraph operators exchanged messages and gradually formed friendships over long distances.(虚拟社区的发展可以追溯到19世纪60年代。当时，电报员交换信息，并逐渐建立起远距离的友谊)”提到虚拟社区的发展历史，G项“这是虚拟社区互动最早的例子之一”符合语境，故选G。 4. 结合本段中“Computers were not very powerful yet, so people could post messages and share news and stories but not music or photos.(电脑还不是很强大，所以人们可以发布消息，分享新闻和故事，但不能播放音乐或照片)”以及“As technology became more powerful, online communities for fun, education and business emerged(随着科技变得越来越强大，娱乐、教育和商业的在线社区出现了)”可知，本段是讲述在线社区的发展历史，D项“第一个流行的在线社区出现在20世纪80年代”符合语境，故选D。 5. 根据上文“Many people believe they will become more important.(许多人相信他们会变得更加重要)”和下文“Particularly, they’re concerned that posting personal information online might lead to a loss of privacy.(特别是，他们担心在网上发布个人信息可能会导致隐私的丧失)”可知，上下文是转折关系，F项“然而，其他人担心这些社区的问题”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 7 (2024-2025学年广东省河源中学高一下学期开学考英语试题)The doorbell was ringing! I looked up from the sofa. Who in the world could that be? I had been 1 for months. Being 2 because of serious illness, I’d locked myself in my home, separating from everyone and everything. Friends telephoned, texted, emailed, or sent cards. I didn’t 3 , thinking that I had nothing to offer anyone in the sorry shape I was in. The bell continued ringing, so I 4 got up and opened the door and found that it was a flower delivery. As I put the bunch of flowers on my dining table, I was 5 by its uniqueness(独特性). It was 6 flowers of many varieties that shouldn’t really go together yet somehow did. The 7 flowers had come in a blue bottle, without a card. Instead of 8 to the sofa, I telephoned the flower shop. The boss told me some of my friends were behind the 9 , with names unknown. “They wanted to send a(n) 10 to you,” he said, “through the language of flowers.” It was 11 that the flowers were specifically picked. Each of them 12 something different. The more I 13 what the flowers meant, the more I started to remember the woman who I used to be before I 14 myself. My friends knew I was still that woman, with value beyond my health. Suddenly, my hope for life was 15 again! 1. A. experimenting B. learning C. training D. suffering 2. A. independent B. selfish C. hopeless D. curious 3. A. attempt B. protest C. respond D. impress 4. A. confidently B. suddenly C. energetically D. slowly 5. A. attracted B. disappointed C. annoyed D. represented 6. A. broken away from B. made up of C. kept off D. named after 7. A. similar B. familiar C. mysterious D. expensive 8. A. adapting B. returning C. referring D. pointing 9. A. delivery B. store C. comment D. reward 20. A. announcement B. agreement C. message D. postcard 11. A. natural B. obvious C. strange D. necessary 12. A. avoided B. mentioned C. promoted D. expressed 13. A. understood B. proved C. explained D. expected 14. A. behaved B. hid C. enjoyed D. recovered 15. A. appreciated B. delayed C. killed D. lighted 【答案】 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者因为生病，拒绝见任何人和任何事物。后来收到了朋友们匿名送给她的一束花，最后又对生活燃起了希望。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经痛苦了好几个月。A. experimenting做实验；B. learning学习；C. training训练；D. suffering遭受；受苦。根据下文“because of serious illness”可知，作者生病了，所以感到痛苦。故选D。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于重病而绝望，我把自己锁在家里，与所有人和一切隔绝。A. independent独立的；B. selfish自私的；C. hopeless无望的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“because of serious illness”可知，作者生病了，所以感到绝望。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回应，以为处于这样糟糕状态的我没有什么可以提供给他人的。A. attempt试图；B. protest抗议；C. respond回应；D. impress留下印象。根据下文“thinking that I had nothing to offer anyone”可知，作者觉得她没什么可跟别人说的，所以应该是没有回应敲门声。故选C。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：铃声继续响着，我慢慢地站起来，打开门，发现是送花的。A. confidently自信地；B. suddenly突然；C. energetically精力充沛地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据上文“because of serious illness”可知，作者生病了，所以应该是没有力气，只能慢慢地站起来。故选D。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把那束花放在餐桌上时，我被它的独特性所吸引。A. attracted吸引；B. disappointed使失望；C. annoyed使心烦；D. represented代表。根据下文“by its uniqueness”可知，作者应该是被花的独特性吸引了。故选A。 6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它由许多品种的花组成，这些花本不应该真正组合在一起，但不知何故却组合在一起了。A. broken away from摆脱；B. made up of由……组成；C. kept off远离；D. named after以……命名。根据下文“flowers of many varieties that shouldn’t really go together”可知，作者受到的这束花是由许多品种的花组成。故选B。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些神秘的花装在一个蓝色的瓶子里，没有卡片。A. similar类似的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文“without a card”可知，作者不知道是谁送来的花，所以花是神秘的。故选C。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回到沙发上，而是给花店打了电话。A. adapting适应；B. returning回归；C. referring提到；D. pointing指向。根据下文“I telephoned the flower shop”可知，作者没有回到沙发上，而是给花店打了电话。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老板告诉我，我的一些朋友是送货的幕后推手，他们的名字不详。A. delivery递送；B. store商店；C. comment评论；D. reward回报。根据上文“I telephoned the flower shop”可知，作者给花店打电话是想问这些花是谁送给她的。故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他们想通过花的语言向你传递一个信息，”他说。A. announcement公布；B. agreement协议；C. message信息；D. postcard明信片。根据下文“through the language of flowers”可知，通过花语应该是要传递信息。故选C。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这些花是专门采摘的。A. natural自然的；B. obvious明显的；C. strange奇怪的；D. necessary必要的。根据下文“the flowers were specifically picked”可知，这些花是专门采摘的是很明显就可以看出来的事情。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们每朵花都表达了不同的东西。A. avoided避免；B. mentioned提到；C. promoted提升；D. expressed表达。根据上文““They wanted to send a(n) 　 10 　 to you,” he said, “through the language of flowers.””可知，每朵花都通过花语表达了不同的东西。故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我越是理解这些花的含义，就越开始想起那个在我隐藏自己之前的女人。A. understood理解；B. proved证明；C. explained解释；D. expected期待。根据下文“what the flowers meant”可知，这里应该是指作者理解了这些花的含义。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. behaved行为；B. hid躲藏；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. recovered覆盖。根据上文“Being 　 2　 because of serious illness, I’d locked myself in my home, separating from everyone and everything.”可知，因为生病，作者自己躲起来了。故选B。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我对生活的希望又燃起了！A. appreciated感激；B. delayed推迟；C. killed杀死；D. lighted点亮。根据上文“my hope for life”可知，作者最后又对生活燃起了希望。故选D。 Passage 8 (2024-2025学年江西省宜丰中学等多校联考高一下学期2月质量检测英语试题)Some friends are forever, and a few people are lucky enough to have pictures to show for it. A group of four women from the UK 16 to a seaside resort(度假胜地) in Torquay, Devon, England, in 1972. During their time there, a photographer (摄影师) took a picture of them walking arm in arm on the beach. Now, the four of them have 17 together over half a century later to recreate that 18 image. Carol Ansbro, Marion Bamforth, Susan Morris, and Mary Helliwell, from Halifax, had the time of their lives on that trip. “Our first holiday in Torquay was truly 19 ,” said Morris. “We were so excited about 20 in a hotel and sharing each other’s clothes.” The four vowed(发誓) to return when they started 21 their 70th birthdays. The group kept their 22 when Ansbro, the oldest of the group, 23 that milestone age. Not only did they return to Torquay, but they also 24 to recreate their image on their first trip. The friends wore clothes that closely 25 the ones worn in the original image. However, the real 26 was finding the exact place, as many things had 27 over the course of 50 years. “None of us could 28 where the photo was taken but, 29 , a worker at the hotel where we were staying, guided us to the exact place,” Morris said. For the four women, who have been friends since primary school, the new image 30 their lifelong friendship. Ansbro said, “I still can’t believe it actually happened.” 16. A. moved B. returned C. traveled D. adapted 17. A. gathered B. exercised C. played D. studied 18. A. unknown B. award-winning C. meaningless D. heart-warming 19. A. early B. strange C. amazing D. difficult 20. A. working B. volunteering C. staying D. hiding 21. A. recalling B. celebrating C. regretting D. mentioning 22. A. health B. promise C. patience D. distance 23. A. recorded B. broke C. forgot D. reached 24. A. set out B. ran away C. turned around D. pulled ahead 25. A. coloured B. matched C. avoided D. repaired 26. A. challenge B. happiness C. secret D. reason 27. A. escaped B. arrived C. waited D. changed 28. A. understand B. remember C. believe D. doubt 29. A. luckily B. gradually C. possibly D. exactly 30. A. hurts B. cheats C. shows D. saves 【答案】 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自英国的四位女士1972年去海边度假胜地游玩被拍照，半个多世纪后重聚在此重现暖心照片，展现了她们的终身友谊。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1972年，一群来自英国的四位女士前往英格兰德文郡托基的一个海滨度假胜地。A. moved移动；B. returned返回；C. traveled旅行；D. adapted适应。根据后文“to a seaside resort (度假胜地) in Torquay, Devon, England”和“Our first holiday in Torquay was truly 4 ,”可知，四位女士是去度假胜地旅行。故选C项。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她们四人在半个多世纪后相聚在一起，重现了那张暖心的照片。A. gathered聚集；B. exercised锻炼；C. played玩耍；D. studied学习。根据后文“together over half a century later to recreate that 3 image”可知，她们现在又聚集在一起，想要重现当年的情景。故选A项。 18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，她们四人在半个多世纪后相聚在一起，重现了那张暖心的照片。A. unknown未知的；B. award-winning获奖的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. heart-warming暖心的。根据前文“a picture of them walking arm in arm on the beach”可知，那是她们手挽手走在海滩上的照片，四位老友重聚，重现半个多世纪前照片上的情景，这张照片应是暖心的。故选D项。 19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们在托基的第一次假期真的很棒，” 莫里斯说。A. early早的；B. strange奇怪的；C. amazing令人惊奇的，很棒的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“We were so excited”可推知，她们对这次假期感觉很棒。故选C项。 20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对住在酒店里并分享彼此的衣服感到非常兴奋。A. working工作；B. volunteering志愿；C. staying停留，居住；D. hiding隐藏。根据后文“in a hotel”可知，是住在酒店里。故选C项。 21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：四人发誓，当她们开始庆祝70岁生日时就回来。A. recalling回忆；B. celebrating庆祝；C. regretting后悔；D. mentioning提及。根据后文“their 70th birthdays”可知，是庆祝生日。故选B项。 22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当团队中年纪最大的安斯布达到那个里程碑年龄时，她们遵守了诺言。A. health健康；B. promise承诺；C. patience耐心；D. distance距离。根据前文“The four vowed (发誓) to return”可知，她们遵守了之前的承诺。故选B项。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当团队中年纪最大的安斯布达到那个里程碑年龄时，她们遵守了诺言。A. recorded记录；B. broke打破；C. forgot忘记；D. reached到达。根据前文可知，四人发誓70岁生日时要回到这里庆祝，结合后文“that milestone age”可知，年纪最大的安斯布达到达70岁这个年龄。故选D项。 24. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她们不仅回到了托基，还着手重现她们第一次旅行时的照片。A. set out着手，出发；B. ran away逃跑；C. turned around转身；D. pulled ahead领先。根据后文“to recreate their image on their first trip”可知，她们着手去重现照片里的情景。故选A项。 25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：朋友们穿的衣服与原照片中穿的衣服非常相符。A. coloured给……着色；B. matched与……相符，与……一致；C. avoided避免；D. repaired修理。根据前文“recreate their image on their first trip”和后文“the ones worn in the original image”可知，要重现半个多世纪前照片上的情景，首先衣服要与原照片中的衣服相符。故选B项。 26. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，真正的挑战是找到确切的地点，因为在50年的时间里很多东西都变了。A. challenge挑战；B. happiness幸福；C. secret秘密；D. reason原因。根据后文“finding the exact place, as many things had 12 over the course of 50 years”可知，50年过去了，要找到当年确切地点是个挑战。故选A项。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，真正的挑战是找到确切的地点，因为在50年的时间里很多东西都变了。A. escaped逃跑；B. arrived到达；C. waited等待；D. changed改变。结合常识和后文“over the course of 50 years”可知，50年过去了，很多东西都改变了。故选D项。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们谁也不记得照片是在哪里拍的了，但幸运的是，我们住的酒店的一名工作人员把我们带到了确切的地方，” 莫里斯说。A. understand理解；B. remember记得；C. believe相信；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文“where the photo was taken”以及因为时间久很多东西改变了，可知她们已经不记得拍照地点了。故选B项。 29. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们谁也不记得照片是在哪里拍的了，但幸运的是，我们住的酒店的一名工作人员把我们带到了确切的地方，” 莫里斯说。A. luckily幸运地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. possibly可能地；D. exactly确切地。根据后文“a worker at the hotel where we were staying, guided us to the exact place”可知，工作人员带她们到了确切的地方，这是幸运的。故选A项。 30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这四位从小学就开始做朋友的女性来说，这张新照片展现了她们的终身友谊。A. hurts伤害；B. cheats欺骗；C. shows展现；D. saves拯救。根据前文内容，四位老人重聚并重现了半个多世纪前的照片，这张新照片展现了她们的友谊。故选C项。 Passage 9 (2024-2025学年江苏省锡东高级中学高一下学期3月考试英语试卷)In the distant past, friends relied on each other for their survival. They hunted together and defended each other 1 animals and enemies in the 2 (disaster) experiences. In those days, if you didn’t have a friend, you would end up either starving, 3 (eat) or killed. Nowadays, friendship isn’t exactly a matter of life and death. However, friendship is still of great importance and not 4 (have) a friend is something to be concerned about. Most people look upon a friend as someone they can depend on when 5 (face) with trouble. In these hard times, friends provide them with emotional support and sometimes financial help. It is in these hard times 6 they find out who their true friends are. 7 the old saying goes, in times of success, friends will be plenty; in times of 8 (suffer), not one in twenty. And there is another saying that says you can hardly make a friend in a year, but you can easily upset one in 9 hour. So do your best to get along with and be grateful to all those who are willing to support you in the cases 10 put you in trouble. 【答案】 1. against 2. disastrous 3. being eaten 4. having 5. faced 6. that 7. As 8. suffering 9. an 10. that/which 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了朋友的重要性。 1. 考查介词。句意：句意：他们一起打猎，在灾难性的经历中互相保护，抵御动物和敌人。表示“抵御”用defend...against。故填against。 2. 考查形容词。句意：他们一起打猎，在灾难性的经历中互相保护，抵御动物和敌人。此处应用形容词disastrous“灾难性的”，修饰名词experiences，作前置定语。故填disastrous。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在那些日子里，如果你没有朋友，你要么挨饿，要么被吃掉，要么被杀死。本句谓语为would end up，此处为非谓语动词，end up doing sth.“最终做某事”，且you与eat“吃”为被动关系，应用动名词的被动，作宾语。故填being eaten。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，友谊仍然是非常重要的，没有朋友是值得担心的事情。此处应填have“有”的动名词形式having，作主语。故填having。 5. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：大多数人把朋友看作是他们在面对困难时可以依靠的人。be faced with“面对”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件when引导的时间状语从句完整句子为when they are faced with trouble，省略they are，本空用faced。故填faced。 6. 考查强调句。句意：只有在这些困难时期，他们才会发现谁是真正的朋友。此处用强调句“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”。本句中强调时间状语in these hard times，故填that。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：俗话说，成功时朋友多，苦难时二十个中没有一个。本空引导非限定性定语从句，且缺少“正如”的含义，用as引导。as the old saying goes为固定表达，意为“俗话说”。首字母大写。故填As。 8. 考查名词。句意：正如一句老话所说，成功时朋友多，苦难时二十个中没有一个。此处应填不可数名词suffering“苦难”，作介词of的宾语。故填suffering。 9. 考查冠词。句意：还有一句话说，你很难在一年内交到一个朋友，但你很容易在一个小时内让一个朋友伤心。此处泛指“一个小时”，且hour以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：所以尽你最大的努力与那些即使在你有错误的时候也愿意支持你的人相处，并感激他们。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是cases ，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 Passage 10 (2024-2025学年河南省新乡市、安阳市等部分学校高一下学期3月联考英语试卷)Friendship is one of life’s greatest gifts, and it 11 (value) in both Eastern and Western cultures. One of the most famous 12 (saying) about friendship in China can be found in the words of Confucius: “Isn’t it 13 joy when friends visit from faraway places?” In the UK, there is an 14 (equal) famous poem about friendship. It reminds people 15 (remember)and value old friendships, as they look to the years ahead. That poem is Auld Lang Syne. “Auld Lang Syne” is Scots and is translated word for word as “old long since”, 16 (mean) “days gone by”. The poem was written by the great Scottish poet Robert Burns. It was printed in 1796, just after Burns’s death. And over the years it has become the song that is so familiar 17 us today. Joyful but at the same time a bit sad, Auld lang Syne has featured in many films, including Waterloo Bridge, the film 18 made the song widely known to Chinese audience. So far, Auld Lang Syne 19 (translate) into many different languages. It’s played at parties, celebrations, festivals, and even at some shopping centers at closing time. Whatever language or occasion, it has become a symbol of friendship and 20 (share) experience — whether we can sing it or not. 【答案】 11. is valued 12. sayings 13. a 14. equally 15. to remember 16. meaning 17. to 18. which/that 19. has been translated 20. shared 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了友谊在中西方文化中的重要性。 11. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：友谊是人生最伟大的礼物之一，它在东西方文化中都受到重视。and之后的并列分句中，主语it代指前文的Friendship，为第三人称单数形式，它与谓语动词value之间为被动关系，友谊是被重视的，应用被动语态。且句子描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填is valued。 12. 考查名词复数。句意：在中国，可以在孔子的话中找到关于友谊最著名的名言之一：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”表示“最……之一”结构为one of +the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。此处应填可数名词saying的复数形式。故填sayings。 13. 考查冠词。句意：在中国，可以在孔子的话中找到关于友谊最著名的名言之一：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”joy在表示具体的使人感到快乐的事物或事件时，可作为可数名词。此处表示“一种快乐”，joy以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 14. 考查副词。句意：在英国，有一首同样著名的关于友谊的诗歌。空格后为形容词famous，此处需要一个副词equally作状语修饰它，表示“同样地”。故填equally。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它提醒人们在展望未来时，要记住并珍惜旧日的友谊。remind sb. to do sth. (提醒某人做某事)，空处应用不定式作宾补。故填to remember。 16. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“Auld Lang Syne”是苏格兰语，逐字翻译为“很久以前”，意思是“过去的日子”。“Auld Lang Syne”和mean是逻辑主动关系，mean用现在分词作伴随状语，表示“意思是”。故填meaning。 17. 考查介词。句意：多年来，它已经成为我们今天非常熟悉的歌曲。此处表示某物对某人来说是熟悉的，应用固定结构sth. be familiar to sb.。故填to。 18. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：《友谊地久天长》快乐但同时也有点悲伤，出现在许多电影中，包括《魂断蓝桥》，这部电影使这首歌为中国观众所熟知。空格处到句末是修饰先行词the film的定语从句，此处需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，并在定从中作主语，先行词是物，可用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 19. 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，《友谊地久天长》已经被翻译成许多不同的语言。句子主语为Auld Lang Syne，它与谓语动词translate之间为被动关系，结合So far，该动作对现在仍有影响，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数形式，应用has been translated。故填has been translated。 20. 考查形容词。句意：无论语言或场合，它已经成为友谊和共同经历的象征。形容词shared (共享的，共有的)作定语修饰名词experience。故填shared。 ( 6 / 23 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$