Unit 3 Sports and Fitness知识清单 2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语B1U3词汇及句型知识清单，以“基础积累-拓展应用-综合输出”为学习支架。从识记、核心词汇入手，延伸至拓展词汇（含词形转换），衔接短语词块、单元佳句，最终落脚于话题词汇句型、作文及读后续写动作描写。 知识链路按词汇分类记忆、句型结构分析、话题情境应用逻辑梳理，特色在于通过词形转换（如fit→fitness）强化语言能力，结合话题作文和读后续写动作描写（如“stumble forward”）培养思维品质，提供出彩表达示例助力学习能力提升，体现从输入到输出的学科特色学习方法。

B1U3词汇及句型 Ⅰ.识记·阅读词汇 1．soccer n．足球；足球运动 2．boxing n．拳击(运动) 3．badminton n．羽毛球运动 4．marathon n．马拉松赛跑 5．ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪 6．gymnastics n．体操(训练) 7．legend n．传奇故事(或人物)；传说 8．graceful adj.优美的；优雅的 9．push-up n．俯卧撑 10．error n．错误；差错 Ⅱ.熟记·核心词汇 1．event n．比赛项目；大事；公开活动 2．host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人 3．track n．跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.& vi.追踪；跟踪 4．gym n．健身房；体育馆 5．sweat vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi.出汗；流汗 n．汗水；出汗 6．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿 7．master n．高手；主人 vt.精通；掌握 8．glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美 9．medal n．奖章；勋章 10．determination n．决心；决定 11．apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片 12．captain n．(运动队)队长；船长；机长 13．compete vi.竞争；对抗 14．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮 15．million num.一百万 16．cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n．欺骗手段；骗子 17．audience n．观众；听众 18．positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的　 19．slim adj.苗条的；单薄的 20．diet n．规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食 21．rather adv.相当；有点儿 22．jog vi.慢跑 n．慢跑 Ⅲ.活用·拓展词汇 1．fit adj.健康的；适合的 vt.& vi.适合→fitness n．健康；健壮；适合→(反义词)unfit adj.不健康的；不适合的 2．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourable adj.可敬的；体面的　 3．champion n．冠军；优胜者→championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 4．injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤 5．strong adj.强壮的→strength n．力量；体力→strengthen v．增强 6．fail v．失败→failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物) 7．stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj.造成压力的→stressed adj.感到压力的 Ⅳ.牢记·短语词块 1．come along跟随；到达；进步；赶快 2．work out锻炼；计算出；解决 3．make it获得成功；准时到达 4．set an example树立榜样 5．fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃 6．lose heart丧失信心；泄气 7．give up放弃；投降 8．make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 9．pretend to do sth.假装做某事 10．even if/though即使；虽然 11．make a difference有作用或影响 12．rather than而不是 13．cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 14．now and then有时；偶尔 15．compare...with/to...与……比较…… Ⅴ.背诵·单元佳句 1．They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.(定语从句) 他们必须是他们(各自的)运动领域的高手，而且为其他人树立了很好的榜样。 2．In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.(Sb./Sth. seems/seemed＋动词不定式)　在一场比赛的最后几秒，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。 3．Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures.(the＋名词＋to sth.；动词-ing形式作表语)　乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。 4．A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.(even if/though引导让步状语从句)　即使这对他/她的球队有帮助，足球运动员也不应该假装摔倒。 5．By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.(“介词＋doing”结构作状语)　通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更加快乐、更加健康了。 Ⅵ.话题词汇和句型 [基础词汇] 1．defeat v．击败 2．court n．球场 3．bat n．球拍 4．score n. & v．得分 5．victory n．胜利 6．trial n．预赛；选拔赛 7．referee n．裁判员 [培优词汇] 1．final n．决赛 2．relay n．接力赛 3．opponent n．对手 4．tournament n．锦标赛 5．take the lead领先 6．on the bench替补 7．martial art武术 [拔高词汇] 1．symptom n．症状；征候；征兆 2．heal v．(使)康复；治愈 3．precaution n．预防措施；预防 4．surgical adj.外科的；外科手术的 5．weariness n．厌倦；筋疲力尽 6．rehearse vt.& vi.排练；排演 7．reinforce vt.加强；加深；加固 [话题语块] 1．a close game一场势均力敌的比赛 2．reach the standard达到标准 3．build up one's body增强某人的体质 4．be admitted as被接纳为 5．hold the Olympic Games举办奥运会 6．build up character塑造性格 7．hold the record保持纪录 8．set a new world record创造一项新的世界纪录 9．become the pride of the nation成为国家的骄傲 10．one of the most promising players 最有前途的运动员之一 [话题句型] 1．Last but not least, such activities like climbing a mountain provide a good chance for people to do exercise. 最后但同样重要的是，像爬山这样的活动为人们提供了一个锻炼的好机会。 2．We believe taking exercise can keep us healthier and more energetic to improve our grades.　我们相信锻炼能使我们更健康，更有活力来提高我们的成绩。 3．The better we get into eating habits, the happier our life becomes.　我们养成的饮食习惯越好，我们的生活就变得越幸福。 Ⅶ.话题作文 I'm thrilled to introduce a dynamic exercise—rope jumping—that is perfect for squeezing into our busy schedules during our short breaks. Firstly, rope jumping can strengthen our hearts and lungs, which offers numerous benefits to our physical and mental well-being. What also deserves to be mentioned is that not only can it relieve stress, but it can also boost our moods, allowing us to return to class feeling more energetic and focused. Most importantly, requiring nothing but a rope, rope jumping is a straightforward sport and can be carried out conveniently. It's such a beneficial exercise that let's not hesitate to take up jump ropes to improve our health. Ⅷ.读后续写动作描写：走、跑 1.slide/creep into/out溜进/出…… 2.wander around闲逛 3.pace up and down来回踱步 4.go for a walk/have a stroll 散步 5.hit the road出发，上路 6.make a round四处走走 7.foot it徒步前往 8.get a head start抢先一步 9.on the run在逃跑中 出彩表达 1.After running up the stairs, she needed a moment to catch her breath. 跑上楼梯后，她需要片刻时间来喘口气。 2.She angrily dashed into the office, demanding an immediate apology. 她气愤地冲进办公室，要求立刻向她道歉。 3. Tony unlocked the back door and crept up to the yard.　 托尼打开后门，蹑手蹑脚地来到后院。 4.He started pacing up and down, his head bent, deep in thought.　 他开始踱来踱去，低着头，沉思着。 5.He stumbled forward through the darkness as if drunk. 他跌跌撞撞地在黑暗中走着，好像喝醉了似的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$