Unit 4 Inventions Section 2 Grammar课件 2025-2026学年沪外教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 4 Inventions 主题范畴: 人与社会 主题群: 科学与技术 子主题: 科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新 Key question What makes an invention great? understand some irregular adjective forms; grasp the structure and usage of “(not) as ... as”; use “(not) as ... as” with many+countable nouns and much+uncountable nouns to compare amounts; combine the irregular adjective forms and “(not) as ... as” structure to talk about some great inventions. Learning objectives 学习目标 At the end of the class, I’ll be able to: Comparative and superlative adjectives 原级 比较级 最高级 即原形,形容词原义 表示较高程度的含义 表示最高程度的含义 adj. comparatives + _ _ + superlatives 形容词比较级和最高级的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。 than the Review Read the passage and pay attention to the words in bold. Many inventions make people’s lives better. For example, the invention of the wheel allowed people to travel farther distances. However, there are bad inventions too. A magazine once picked the top ten worst inventions in human history, such as cigarettes and plastic bags. Many people think these inventions make the world a worse place to live in. 形容词的不规则变化: good, bad and far 1. My English is good, and my sister’s is better, and my brother’s is the best. 2. This novel is bad. That one is worse and it is one of the worst books I’ve ever read. 3. Our school is not far from here. The hospital is farther/further down the road. The book shop is the farthest/furthest from here. Observe the sentences and try to complete the table. Adjective Comparative adjectives Superlative adjectives good bad far better best worse worst farther /further farthest /furthest farther和further都是far的比较级,表示“(空间、距离或时间上)更远的;较远的”时,两者可以相互转换。 farther和further的异同 ① Cook for a father/further 2 minutes. ② The father/further hill is five kilometres away. 再煮两分钟。 那座更远的小山在五公里以外。 Attention ① We have decided to take no further action. ② Have you any further questions? 我们决定不采取进一步行动。 你还有问题吗? 最高级the farthest/furthest的用法和比较级的用法类似。 (2) further可以用于抽象概念的比较,表示“(程度上)更进一步的;更深远的”,farther则没有这个意思。 Look at the school report below. In pairs, ask and answer questions about it. 1. S1: Who _ in Art, Belinda or Daisy? (good) S2: _ 2. S1: Who _ in Art? (good) S2: _ got a better mark Daisy got a better mark in Art than Belinda. got the best mark Alice got the best mark in Art. Example: Practice 3. S1: Who _ in Science, Paul or Martin? (good) S2: _. 4. S1: Who _ in Science, Eric or Alice? (bad) S2: _. got a better mark Paul got a better mark in Science than Martin got a worse mark Eric got a worse mark in Science than Alice Look at the map below. In pairs, ask and answer questions about it. Follow the example. Whose home …, Alice’s or Daisy’s? S1: Whose home is farther/further from school, Alice’s or Daisy’s? S2: Alice’s home is farther/further from school than Daisy’s. Example: 11 2. Whose home ..., Martin’s or Pauline’s? 3. Whose home ..., Alice’s, Belinda’s or Eric’s? S1: Whose home is farther/further from school, Martin’s or Pauline’s? S2: Martin’s home is farther/further from school than Pauline’s. S1: Whose home is the farthest/furthest from school, Alice’s, Belinda’s or Eric’s? S2: Alice’s home is the farthest/furthest from school. Other irregular words Adjectives Comparative forms Superlative forms many/much more the most little less the least ill worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest 相关拓展 (not) as … as … = The Simpsons is as interesting as The Sponge Bob. ① The Simpsons is interesting. ② The Sponge Bob is interesting, too. Can you figure out the usage of “as … as” ? Look and say as … as …表示双方程度相同时的比较 We use (not) as … as to say that things or people are (not) equal in some way. Early computers were as big as a room. With electric lights, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. A candle does not produce as much light as a light bulb. Let’s sum up the rules! We use (not) as ... as with the _ of adjectives to compare things and people. We use (not) as ... as with many+the _ of a countable noun or much+an _ noun to compare amounts. base form plural form uncountable His room is as big as mine. He runs as fast as I do. You should keep the room as clean as your brother’s. 1. (not) as … as用于表示同级之间的比较, 中间可加形容词、副词原级。意思是“和……一样……”。 as + 形容词或副词原级 + as Find out more about (not) as ... as ... 2. as … as的否定形式是not as … as,表示后者比前者强,意为“不如……那样”。not as ... as中第一个as可以用so替换,即not so ... as。 His room is not as/so big as mine. He doesn’t run as/so fast as I do. Robert is not as/so old as he looks. not as/so + 形容词或副词原级 + as 3. 若涉及数量或程度,可用“as much + 不可数名词 + as”和“as many + 可数名词复数 + as”。 There are as many students in her class as in our class. In fact it cost me as much as 100 dollars. Take as much time as you like. 4. as … as的其他用法: as … as possible / as … as sb. can 尽可能…… We went there as soon as possible. He went there as quickly as he could. 常用短语: as soon as 一……就…… as much as 和……一样多;多达 as long as 和……一样长;只要 as well as 和……一样好;和……一样 as far as 远达 as … as也可表示倍数: This room is twice as big as that one. Look at the pictures below and complete the following sentences. 1. The Hotwave and the Micro-King _(expensive) the Speedcook and the Superoven. 2. The Speedcook _(wide) the Superoven. Example: are not as expensive as is as wide as Practise 3. The Hotwave _(high) the Micro-King. 4. The Micro-King _(deep) the Speedcook. 5. The Hotwave and the Micro-King _(wide) the Speedcook and the Superoven. is as high as is not as deep as are not as wide as Some historians have made a list of great inventions in the past 1,000 years. Look at the list and complete the conversation below with the correct form of the words in brackets. Year Invention 1041-1048 movable type 1440-1450 printing press 1796 vaccine 1876 telephone 1879 light bulb Year Invention 1885 car 1895 radio 1903 airplane 1925 television 1940s computer Su Wen: I think movable type is the (1)_(good) invention in the past 1,000 years. Thanks to this, people could have books to read. Su Mei: Well, it is an important invention. However, I think the light bulb is an even (2)_(good) invention. It was hard to read and write at night before we had light bulbs. Which modern invention do you think is the most important? Su Wen: Definitely the computer. It has been almost (3)_(important, as ... as) the movable type. Su Mei: The things on the list are all great inventions. After all, life would be much (4)_(bad) without them! best better as important as worse (1) Which invention do you think is more important, the printing press or the light bulb? Why? (2) Which invention do you think is the most important? Why? (3) What other inventions do you think are as useful as those on the list? Look at the list of the great inventions in the past 1,000 years in Exercise 1. Then ask and answer the questions in pairs. (1) Which invention do you think is more important, the printing press or the light bulb? Why? I think the printing press is more important. Because it helped spread knowledge. More books could be made, so more people learned to read. (2) Which invention do you think is the most important? Why? I think the computer is the most important. It helps us work, study and talk to friends quickly. (3) What other inventions do you think are as useful as those on the list? I think the smartphone is as useful. It can call, take photos and let us use the Internet. 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Mr White felt much _(good) after taking a rest. 2. Of the three girls, Lily has _(much) pocket money. 3. Alan has made as many _(card) as his friend Tony. 4. A large number of students want to go to university for _(far) education. 5. Because of the new law, I think there will be _ (little) pollution in the future than now. better the most cards further less 二、根据所给汉语提示,完成下列句子。每空一词。 1. 那个地区的空气污染正变得越来越糟糕。 Air pollution in that area is becoming _ _ _. 2. 丹尼尔和他的双胞胎兄弟一样高。 Daniel is _ _ _ his twin brother. 3. 多吃蔬菜少吃肉对我们的健康有益。 Eating _ vegetables and _ meat is good for our health. 4. ——琳达和你有一样的裙子。 ——是的。她的更好,但是没有我的贵。 — Linda has the same skirt as you. — Yeah. Hers is _ but _ _ _ _ mine. worse and worse as tall as more less better not as/so expensive as 1. I’m _(thin) Mike. I’m fatter than him. 2. She was _(tired) me because we went hiking together. 3. It’s not cold today, but it is _(warm) yesterday. 4. Ann’s bicycle was _(cheap) mine. We paid the same price. 5. Her garden is _(beautiful) Jane’s. She’s really done a good job. not as thin as as tired as not as warm as as cheap as as beautiful as 三、根据句意,用(not) as … as完成下列句子。 1. Make some sentences using the comparative and the superlative of good, bad, far, and not as … as. (at least 10) 2. Finish the exercises. 3. Preview Speaking on page 59. $$