Unit 4 Grammar课件 2025-2026学年英语沪教版（2024）八年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化及“as…as”结构，以旧知导入新知，通过对比规则变化与特殊形式（如good→better、bad→worse），构建清晰的语言知识支架，引导学生从感知到归纳再到运用，层层递进地掌握核心语法点。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，例如在讲解far/farther与further的区别时，借助表格对比和真实语境例句，提升学生逻辑推理与语用意识，同时设计“not as…as”句型练习强化同级比较的理解与输出。资料内容条理清晰，配有典型中考题型和生活化例句，既助力学生精准掌握语法要点，又帮助教师高效开展分层教学，实现学以致用的教学目标。

形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化 ① 一般在词尾 加-er/-est。 ② 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er/-est。 ③ 以不发音的字母e结尾的词后加-r/-st。 ④ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，将y变成i,再加-er/-est。 ⑤ 多音节词和部分双音节词，在该词前加more/most。 上一单元我们学习了形容词比较级和最高级的 规则变化，那你知道那些不遵循这些规则变化 的形容词如何构成比较级和最高级吗？ Many inventions make people's lives better. For example, the invention of the wheel allowed people to travel farther distances. However, there are bad inventions too. A magazine once picked the top ten worst inventions in human history, such as cigarettes and plastic bags. Many people think these inventions make the world a worse place to live in. Read the passage and pay attention to the words in blue. good → better (比较级) 这些词是哪些形容词的比较级或最高级呢？ better farther far → farther (比较级) worst worse bad → worse (比较级) → worst (最高级) Focus on 基本用法 good, bad and far good 这是一本好书。 这本书比我读的上一本更好。 这是我读过的最好的书。 原级: good (好的) 比较级: better (更好的) 最高级: best (最好的) 1. This is a good book. 2. This book is better than the last one I read. 3. This is the best book I've ever read. bad 今天的天气很差。 今天的天气比昨天更差。 那是我一生中最糟糕的一天。 原级: bad (坏的) 比较级: worse (更坏的) 最高级: worst (最坏的) 1. The weather today is bad. 2. The weather today is worse than yesterday. 3. It was the worst day of my life. bad/badly/ill的比较级都是worse, 最高级都是worst。 ① I dance badly, Lucy dances worse than me, and Tom dances the worst. ② Tom was ill yesterday, today he is worse, and this is the worst he has been. 我跳舞跳得不好，露西比我跳得更差，而汤姆跳得最差。 汤姆昨天病了，今天更严重了，这是他病得最厉害的时候。 公交车站有多远？ 你家离图书馆比我家远。 在所有同学中，他住得最远。 原级: far (远的) 比较级: farther/further (更远的) 最高级: farthest/ furthest (最远的) 1. How far is the bus stop? 2. Your home is farther than mine from the library. 3. He lives the farthest among all classmates. far farther further 含义 仅表示具体距离上的 “更远”，强调物理空间上的远近。 除了表示距离，更常表示抽象意义上的 “更进一步、更深层次”（如程度、时间、数量等）。 例句 - My home is farther from school than yours. 我家比你家离学校远。 - He ran farther than his brother. 他比弟弟跑得远。 - We need further discussion on this topic. 关于这个话题我们需要进一步讨论。 - She asked for further information. 她要求更多的信息。 farther VS further • 描述具体距离时，“farther” 和 “further” 可以通用。 • 在美式英语中常用farther表示所有情况。 其他不规则变化的词 相关拓展 原级 比较级 最高级 well (健康的) better best many/much more most little (少的) less least old older/elder oldest/eldest 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Your idea sounds really _______ (good). 2. Miss Li is ________ (good) teacher in her school. She's very popular with students. 3. Next year I'm going to France for _______ (far) study. 4. This test is _______ (bad) than the last one. 5. This is _________ (bad) book I have ever read. 6. I can't walk any _____________ (far) —my legs hurt. the best further good worse the worst farther/further As sly (狡猾的) as a fox As strong as an ox As fast as a hare (野兔) As brave as a bear As free as a bird As neat (整齐的) as a word As quiet as a mouse As big as a house All I wanna be All I wanna be as + 形容词/副词原级 + as 和……一样…… Early computers were as big as a room. With electric lights, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. A candle does not produce as much light as a light bulb. Read the passage and pay attention to the words in red. (not) as … as 用来表示事物或人在某些方面(不)一样。 • (not) as + 形容词/副词原级 + as • (not) as many + 可数名词复数 + as • (not) as much + 不可数名词 + as “as … as” 基本结构 (not) as … as Focus on 基本用法 (2) He runs as fast as his brother. (1) He is as tall as his brother. 他跑得和他哥哥一样快。 他和他哥哥一样高。 1. (not) as … as用于表示同级之间的比较，中间可加形容词、 副词原级。意思是“和……一样……(不如……；没有…… 那么……)”。 (not) as … as 的用法 (3) This problem is not as difficult as it seems. 这个问题没有看起来那么难。 (2) She doesn't have as many books as her sister. (1) She has as many books as her sister. 她的书不如她姐姐多。 她的书和她姐姐的一样多。 2. 若涉及数量或程度，可用“(not) as many + 可数 名词复数 + as” 或者 “(not) as much + 不可数名 词 + as” 。 (3) He drinks as much water as he can. 他尽可能多喝水。 在口语中，“not so … as” 比 “not as … as” 更常见，但在书面语中两者都可以接受。 ① This movie isn't so interesting as the last one. ② The first experiment was not as successful as we hoped. 这部电影不如上一部有趣。 第一次实验没有我们希望的那么成功。 翻译句子(将下列中文句子翻译成英文，用上指定结构)。 1. 我的书包不如你的重。(not as … as)​ _____________________________________________ 2. 这个盒子里的铅笔和那个盒子里的一样多。 (as many + 可数名词复数 + as)​ _____________________________________________ 3. 这朵花和那朵花一样漂亮。(as … as)​​ _____________________________________________ 4. 她的钱和我的一样多。(as much + 不可数名词 + as)​​ _____________________________________________ My schoolbag is not as heavy as yours.​ There are as many pencils in this box as in that box.​ This flower is as beautiful as that one.​ She has as much money as I do.​ Year Invention 1041-1048 movable type活字印刷 1440-1450 printing press印刷机 1796 vaccine n. 疫苗 1876 telephone 1879 light bulb灯泡 1885 car 1895 radio 1903 airplane 1925 television 1940s computer Su Wen: I think movable type is the (1)______(good) invention in the past 1,000 years. Thanks to this, people could have books to read. Su Mei: Well, it is an important invention. However, I think the light bulb is an even (2)______(good) invention. It was hard to read and write at night before we had light bulbs. Which modern invention do you think is the most important? Su Wen: Definitely the computer. It has been almost (3)_______________ (important, as … as) the movable type. Su Mei: The things on the list are all great inventions. After all, life would be much (4)______(bad) without them! P58 1 best better as important as worse 1 Some historians have made a list of great inventions in the past 1,000 years. Look at the list and complete the conversation below with the correct form of the words in brackets. (1) Which invention do you think is more important, the printing press or the light bulb? Why? (2) Which invention do you think is the most important? Why? (3) What other inventions do you think are as useful as those on the list? P58 Look at the list of the great inventions in the past 1,000 years in Exercise 1. Then ask and answer the questions in pairs. Year Invention 1041-1048 movable type 活字印刷 1440-1450 printing press 印刷机 1796 vaccine n. 疫苗 1876 telephone 1879 light bulb 灯泡 1885 car 1895 radio 1903 airplane 1925 television 1940s computer 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad worse worst far farther/ further farthest/ furthest well (健康的) better best many/much more most little (少的) less least old older/elder oldest/eldest 不规则变化的 形容词的比较级和最高级 (not) as … as 用法 (not) as + 形容词/副词原级 + as 用于表示同级之间的比较，中间可加形容词、 副词原级。 若涉及数量或程度，可用“(not) as many + 可数名词复数 + as” 或者 “(not) as much + 不可数名词 + as” 。 基本结构 (not) as many + 可数名词复数 + as (not) as much + 不可数名词 + as 1. She is always saying, “Don't you think mine is _____ than theirs?” (2024 重庆B卷) A. good B. better C. best 2. Peter's mother even suggests giving pocket money to children as ____ as when they are four. “… Giving children pocket money in their early years teaches them the importance of budgeting.” (2024 广东) A. early B. earlier C. earliest 3. Sam did _____ in his studies this year than last year. (2023 天津) A. well B. better C. best D. the best 4. - Which do you like _____, swimming or skating? - Swimming. (2023 北京) A. well B. better C. best D. the best 5. The air has been much ________ these years. Governments are taking action against pollution. (2023 内蒙古呼和浩特) A. badly B. worst C. bad D. worse 6. 天很黑，冰雹飞过。它们有网球那么大。 It was dark and hailstones were flying past. They were _____ _____ _____ tennis balls. (2023 杭州市) as big as 1. Can you use comparative and superlative adjectives of the irregular words correctly? 2. Can you use “(not) as … as” correctly? 1. Write the answers to the questions in the “Grammar in use” section on page 58. 2. Preview Speaking part on page 59. $