2025年高考全国一卷熟词多义整理汇总 清单-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

2025高考英语 全国一卷熟词多义 一、阅读理解A篇 1.green [原文]The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. [常见]绿色 (n.)；绿色的 (adj.) [高考]环保的；绿色无污染的 (adj.) “green fuels”指的是环保型燃料，强调对环境无污染或污染较小。 We need to develop greener cleaning products.我们需要研发更环保的清洁用品。 2.settle [原文]Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. [常见]安顿；定居 (v.) [高考]结束（争论、争端等）；解决（分歧、纠纷等） (v.) “Much is still to be settled”意为“很多事情仍待解决/确定”。这里表示对某个问题或争端做出决定。 There is pressure on the unions to settle.工会组织面临消除纷争的压力。 3.breakdown [原文]Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. [常见]故障；崩溃 (n.) [高考]数字细目；分类 (n.) “breakdown of the emissions”指的是对排放量的细致分析或分类。 First, let's look at a breakdown of the costs.我们首先看一下成本的详细数字。 4.be up to [原文]Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. [常见]是······的职责（或责任）；由······决定 [高考]胜任；符合（要求） “be up to the task”意为“胜任这项任务”。 I’m afraid Tim just isn’ t up to the job (=he does not have the necessary ability).蒂姆怕是干不了这份工作。 二、阅读理解B篇 1.earn [原文]I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s. [常见]赚钱；挣得 (v.) [高考]赢得；获得 (v.) 原句“demanded his son earn straight A’s”中,“earn”表示“获得、取得（全优成绩）”，而不是“赚”。这里强调通过努力去“赢得”应有的结果。 As a teacher, she had earned the respect of her students.作为教师，她赢得了学生的尊敬。 2.subject [原文]More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. [常见]主题；科目 (n.)；受······支配 (v.) [高考]（尤指艺术作品中的）题材；描绘对象 (n.) “knew their subjects so well”指学生对他们所创作的“对象”非常了解。 Focus the camera on the subject.把相机的焦距调到被拍对象上。 3.strike [原文]They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. [常见]打，击 (v.)；罢工 (n.) [高考]给（某人）以······印象；使（某人）觉得 (v.) “didn’t strike them as important”意为“并没有让他们觉得重要”，表示给某人留下某种印象或感觉。 His reaction struck me as odd.他的反应令我诧异。 4.still [原文]Still waters run deep. [常见]仍然 (adv.)；还 (adv.) [高考]平静的；静止的 (adj.) “Still waters run deep”是一句谚语，字面意思是“静水流深”，引申为“沉默寡言的人往往思想深刻”。这里的“still”是形容词，表示“平静的，不动的”。 A fallen tree floated in the still water.一棵倒下的树漂浮在平静的水中。 三、阅读理解C篇 1.pack [原文] Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. [常见]收拾（行李），装（箱）；打包 (v.) [高考]塞进；塞满 (v.) “pack them into the car”意为“把孩子们塞进车里”，突出“挤/塞”的含义。 They've managed to pack a lot of information into a very small book.他们在一本很小的书中囊括了大量的信息。 2.champion [原文]Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” [常见]冠军 (n.) [高考]拥护；支持；捍卫 (v.) 原文中，“champion”是动词，表示“支持或为······而战”，这里指Jane Jacobs呼吁市长捍卫纽约作为一个宜居之地。 He has always championed the cause of human rights.他一直倡导人权事业。 3.decent [原文]… to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” [常见]得体的；体面的 (adj.) [高考]适宜的；可以接受的 (adj.) “a decent place to live”指的是一个“相当不错的，适宜居住的地方”。 That dress isn't decent.那件连衣裙不够雅观。 4.account [原文]We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. [常见]账户 (n.) [高考]“account”与“for”搭配，表示“解释；说明” “fail to account for the true costs”意为“未能考虑到真实成本”或“未能解释清楚真实成本”。这里强调的是“考虑”“解释”。 How do you account for the show's success? 你认为这次演出为何成功？ 四、阅读理解D篇 1.settle [原文] Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, … [常见]安顿；定居；结束（争论、争端等）；解决（分歧、纠纷等） (v.) [高考]（使）沉降，下陷，变得密实 (v.) “settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas”表示“沉积在深海和喜马拉雅山上”，突出“沉降/沉积”的含义。 The contents of the package may have settled in transit.包裹里的东西可能在运输途中摇密实了。 阅读理解A篇中“Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.”的“settle”表示“解决（分歧、纠纷等）”。 2.trap [原文]The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice. [常见]陷阱 (n.) [高考]吸附，吸收 (v.) “microplastics were trapped”表示微塑料在煮沸过程中被“吸收/吸附”了。 Solar panels trap energy from the sun.太阳能电池板吸收太阳能。 3.plant [原文]We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics. [常见]植物 (n.) [高考]工厂；发电厂(n.) “drinking water treatment plants”指“饮用水处理厂”，这里的“plant”是工厂或设施的意思。 The new car manufacturing plant will create many jobs.新的汽车制造厂将创造许多就业机会。 五、完形填空 1.spare [原文]Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered. [常见]备用的；多余的 (adj.)；节约；匀出 (v.) [高考]避免；省去；免除 (v.) “spare the landfill”意为“避免（增加）垃圾填埋场的负担”，即减少垃圾。 You could have spared yourself an unnecessary trip by phoning in advance.你要是先打个电话就用不着跑这一趟了。 2.cut [原文]A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. [常见]剪；割 (v.)；切口 (n.) [高考]削减；降低 (n.) “a price cut”指“价格削减”或“降价”。 The company has made another round of job cuts this year.公司今年又进行了一轮裁员。 六、语法填空 1.piece [原文]The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. [常见]一块；一片 (n.) [高考]（棋盘游戏中的）棋子 在原文语境中，提到“black and white pieces”以及“exhibition”，联想到棋盘游戏（如围棋）中的棋子。这里的“pieces”指的是在某种棋类游戏中使用的黑白两色的棋子，它们在棋盘上的移动反映了东方哲学的基本思想。 He moved his piece to the center of the board.他把他的棋子移到了棋盘中央。 七、读后续写 1.fire [原文]My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. [常见]火 (n.) [高考]（情绪、性格等）激情；活力；冲劲 (n.) “a ball of fire/energy”是一个习语，形容人精力充沛，充满活力。 She is a real ball of fire when it comes to organizing events.她在组织活动方面真是个精力充沛的人。 2.part [原文]Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. [常见]部分 (n.) [高考]（与人）分别；分手 (v.) “the way we had parted”指“我们分别/离开的方式”。 I hate being parted from the children.我不愿与孩子们分开。 3.constant [原文]Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. [常见]持续的；不变的 (adj.) [高考]忠实的；忠诚的 (adj.) “constant companion”指“忠实的伴侣”，强调始终陪伴在身边。 He was my constant friend throughout college.他是我大学期间始终如一的朋友。 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$