Welcome Unit 单元语法Grammar 句子成分和基本句型练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

Welcome Unit单元语法 句子成分和基本句型 一、单项选择 1．I saw him writing a letter. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 2．Weather matters a great deal. A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOA D．SVA 3．I have a lot of friends here. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 4．Her mom bought her a pet dog as a birthday present. A．宾补 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．表语 5．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. A．主语 B．宾语 C．宾补 D．表语 6．The first week was a little confusing. A．主语 B．宾语 C．谓语 D．表语 7．My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. A．主语 B．定语 C．宾补 D．宾语 8．The new People’s Republic of China/ saw/ Dr. Lin Qiaozhi / playing a key role. A．主+谓+宾+状 B．主+谓+间宾+直宾 C．主+谓+宾+定 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 9．The four countries/that belong to the United Kingdom/work/together. A．主+谓+宾+宾补 B．主+定从+谓+宾 C．主+谓+宾+状 D．主+定从+谓+状 10．The sentence structure of “Just then, the king saw a young girl coming along.” is _____________. A．SVO B．SVOC C．SVP D．SV 11．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. ______ (分析句子成分) A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C 12．The 100-year-old school lies in the center of the city. A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+A C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+A 13．He is an honest student. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 14．“The professor gave us an exciting lecture.” The structure of this sentence is “______”. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+系+表 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 15．“I found myself in a strange place. ” The structure of this sentence is “______”. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+系+表 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 16．Doing homework seems more fun when you are at sea. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V D．S+V+A 17．I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful. A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+C C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+A 18．Which of these sentences has a different sentence structure compared to the others? A．Computers are making our life easier. B．Eric asked me to help him. C．We found it difficult to persuade him to change his mind. D．He told us a funny story. 19．The change won’t make you disappointed. (对划线部分进行句子成分划分) A．谓语 B．主语 C．宾补 D．直接宾语 20．Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of“主+谓+宾+状”? A．I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B．They are talking about the film at the meeting. C．We have realized the importance of English. D．I will tell my friends this exciting news. 21．Her father handed her a letter. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．SVC D．SVP 22．The students are very wise and hard-working. A．object B．adverbial C．predictive D．attributive 23．The boss offered me a job. The structure of this sentence is “___________”. A．S+V+P B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V 24．Which of the sentences follows the same structure with “My brothers are all college students”? A．The school adviser helped me choose suitable subjects. B．Mr. Wang used to teach himself Japanese. C．His goal is to look after homeless children. D．He is looking for problems on his broken car. 25．The sentence structure of “The humorous joke made us laugh in class.” is ______. A．SVO B．SVOO C．SVOC D．SV 26．The sentence structure (结构) of “The tips below may help you.” is ______. A．SVP B．SVOO C．SVOC D．SVO 27．“I didn’t understand the meaning of his words.” 属于以下哪种句子结构？______ A．SVOC (主谓宾宾补) B．SVO(主谓宾) C．SVOA(主谓宾状) D．SV(主谓) 28．People all over the world speak English.(挑出句中宾语) A．People B．all over the world C．speak D．English 29．Please analyze the structure of the sentence; “He started an IT company after graduation.” A．SVOC B．SVA C．SVOA D．SPA 30．Spending too much time online makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. A．主语 B．宾语 C．宾补 D．状语 二、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分 31．He managed to finish the work in time. 32．Tom came to ask me for advice. 33．He found it important to master English. 34．Do you have anything else to say? 35．To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good. 36．Would you please tell me your address? 37．He sat there, reading a newspaper. 38．It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 39．He noticed a man enter the room. 40．The apples tasted sweet. 三、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 41．The students agreed. 42．My sister is writing a letter. 43．I heard him sing a song. 44．He asked me to come back soon. 45．My teacher gave me a book. 46．His face turned red. 47．This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 48．There are many customs in the village. 49．A sports meeting will be held in our school next week. 50．I’ll spend the summer holiday in the countryside. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Welcome Unit单元语法 句子成分和基本句型 一、单项选择 1．I saw him writing a letter. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我看见他在写信。句子结构为：主+谓+宾+宾补；划线词him为saw的宾语。故选C。 2．Weather matters a great deal. A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOA D．SVA 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：天气很重要。句中Weather为主语，matters为谓语动词，a great deal为状语，所以本句为主谓状结构。故选D。 3．I have a lot of friends here. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：在这里我有很多朋友。句子结构为：主语+谓语+宾语；此处friends作宾语。故选C。 4．Her mom bought her a pet dog as a birthday present. A．宾补 B．直接宾语 C．间接宾语 D．表语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：她妈妈给她买了一只宠物狗作为生日礼物。分析句子可知，本句中her为间接宾语，而a pet dog为直接宾语。故选B项。 5．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. A．主语 B．宾语 C．宾补 D．表语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，乐于助人。分析句子可知，friendly and helpful为形容词短语，在本句中作宾补，对宾语most of my classmates and teachers进行补充说明。故选C项。 6．The first week was a little confusing. A．主语 B．宾语 C．谓语 D．表语 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：第一个星期有点令人困惑。confusing“令人困惑的”位于系动词was后，为表语。故选D。 7．My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. A．主语 B．定语 C．宾补 D．宾语 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我爷爷给我买了一双运动鞋。分析句子的结构可知，“my grandfather”为句子的主语，“bought”为句子的谓语，“a pair of sports shoes”为句子的直接宾语，“me”为句子的间接宾语，划线处为句子的宾语。故选D。 8．The new People’s Republic of China/ saw/ Dr. Lin Qiaozhi / playing a key role. A．主+谓+宾+状 B．主+谓+间宾+直宾 C．主+谓+宾+定 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。 句意：新中国见证了林巧稚博士发挥着关键作用。  The new People’s Republic of China是句子的主语，表示所描述动作的执行者，即“主”。 saw是谓语动词，意为“见证”，也就是“谓”。Dr. Lin Qiaozhi是宾语，是动作“saw”的对象，为“宾”。playing a key role是宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语“Dr. Lin Qiaozhi”的状态或行为，即她“发挥着关键作用”，属于“宾补”。  根据对句子各部分结构的分析，该句子结构为“主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补”，故选D选项。 9．The four countries/that belong to the United Kingdom/work/together. A．主+谓+宾+宾补 B．主+定从+谓+宾 C．主+谓+宾+状 D．主+定从+谓+状 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子类型。句意：这四个属于英国的国家地区共同协作。分析句子结构，The four countries是主语，后面that引导一个定语从句，work是主句的谓语，together是状语。故选D项。 10．The sentence structure of “Just then, the king saw a young girl coming along.” is _____________. A．SVO B．SVOC C．SVP D．SV 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：就在这时，国王看到一个年轻的女孩走过来。分析句子结构可知，Just then是时间状语，the king是主语，saw是谓语动词，a young girl是宾语，coming along是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。所以该句的结构为“主谓宾补”结构。故选B。 11．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. ______ (分析句子成分) A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。在该句中，I意为“我”为代词，作主语（S）；found意为“发现”为动词，作谓语（V）；most of my classmates and teachers为名词短语，意为“我的大多数同学和老师”作found的宾语（O）；friendly and helpful为形容词短语，意为“友好而乐于助人”作宾补（C），综上分析，该句的结构为“S+V+O+C”。故选D项。 12．The 100-year-old school lies in the center of the city. A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+A C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+A 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：这所有百年历史的学校位于市中心。The 100-year-old school是主语（S），lies是谓语（V），in the center of the city是地点状语（A）。所以这是一个“主语+谓语+状语”的结构，即S + V + A。故选D。 13．He is an honest student. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：他是一名诚实的学生。honest为形容词作定语。故选D。 14．“The professor gave us an exciting lecture.” The structure of this sentence is “______”. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+系+表 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：“教授给我们上了一场激动人心的课。”这个句子的结构是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”。The professor是主语，gave是谓语，后面接双宾语，其中us是间接宾语，an exciting lecture是直接宾语，故选C。 15．“I found myself in a strange place. ” The structure of this sentence is “______”. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+系+表 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我发现自己身处一个陌生的地方。分析句子可知，该句为主+谓+宾+宾补的句型，主语为I；谓语为found；宾语为myself；介词短语in a strange place为宾语补足语。故选D项。 16．Doing homework seems more fun when you are at sea. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V D．S+V+A 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：当你在海上时，做作业似乎更有趣。划线部分Doing homework是主语（S），seems是系动词（V），more fun是表语（P），所以这是一个“主语+系动词+表语”的结构，即S + V + P。故选B。 17．I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful. A．S+V+O B．S+V+O+C C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+A 【答案】B 【详解】考查基本句型。句意:我发现我的大多数同学都很友好和乐于助人。分析句子结构可知，“I”作主语,“found”作谓语,“most of my classmates”作宾语,“friendly and helpful”作宾语补足语，所以本句是S+V+O+C结构。故选B项。 18．Which of these sentences has a different sentence structure compared to the others? A．Computers are making our life easier. B．Eric asked me to help him. C．We found it difficult to persuade him to change his mind. D．He told us a funny story. 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，A选项中包含的结构是make+宾语+宾补；B选项中包含的结构是ask+宾语+宾补；C选项中包含的是find+宾语+宾补，其中it是形式宾补；D选项中包含的结构是双宾语，即tell+间宾+直宾，所以D选项的句子结构与其他句子不同。故选D项。 19．The change won’t make you disappointed. (对划线部分进行句子成分划分) A．谓语 B．主语 C．宾补 D．直接宾语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：这种变化不会让你失望的。分析句子可知，The change为主语；won’t make为谓语；you为宾语；disappointed为形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语you的状态。故选C项。 20．Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of“主+谓+宾+状”? A．I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B．They are talking about the film at the meeting. C．We have realized the importance of English. D．I will tell my friends this exciting news. 【答案】B 【详解】考查基本句型。A选项中“I为主语；find为谓语，it为形式主语，impossible为宾补，不定式短语to finish the task作真正宾语，in time为介词短语作状语”,句意：我发现按时完成这项任务是不可能的。；B选项中“they作主语，are talking about作谓语，the film作宾语，at the meeting为介词短语作状语”，句意：他们在会上讨论那部电影。；C选项“we作主语，have realized作谓语，the importance作宾语，of English为介词短语作定语修饰名词importance”，句意：我们已经认识到英语的重要性。；D选项“I作主语，will tell作谓语，my friend作间接宾语，this exciting news作直接宾语”，句意：我会告诉我的朋友这个令人兴奋的消息。；根据以上句子结构分析可知，符合“主+谓+宾+状”结构的为选项B。故选B项。 21．Her father handed her a letter. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．SVC D．SVP 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她父亲递给她一封信。分析句子结构可知，句中Her father为主语，handed为谓语动词，her为间接宾语，a letter为直接宾语，所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选B。 22．The students are very wise and hard-working. A．object B．adverbial C．predictive D．attributive 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：这些学生很聪明，也很勤奋。A. object宾语；B. adverbial状语；C. predictive表语；D. attributive定语。本句为主系表句型，系动词are后very wise and hard-working为表语。故选C。 23．The boss offered me a job. The structure of this sentence is “___________”. A．S+V+P B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：老板给了我一份工作。这个句子的结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。The boss是主语，offer是谓语动词，offer sb sth是双宾语结构，sb是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语，故本句中me是间接宾语，a job是直接宾语，故本句结构是“S+V+IO+DO”，故选B。 24．Which of the sentences follows the same structure with “My brothers are all college students”? A．The school adviser helped me choose suitable subjects. B．Mr. Wang used to teach himself Japanese. C．His goal is to look after homeless children. D．He is looking for problems on his broken car. 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。下列哪个句子与“我的兄弟都是大学生”结构相同？A. The school adviser helped me choose suitable subjects.学校顾问帮我选择了合适的科目。其中“The school adviser”是主语，“helped”是谓语动词，“me”是宾语，“choose suitable subjects”是不定式短语作宾语补足语，省略了to，为主谓宾结构； B. Mr. Wang used to teach himself Japanese.王先生曾经自学过日语。是一个主谓宾结构的句子，其中“Mr. Wang”是主语，“used to teach”作谓语，“himself”是宾语，“Japanese”是宾语补足语。 C. His goal is to look after homeless children.他的目标是照顾无家可归的孩子。是一个主系表结构的句子，其中“His goal”是主语，“is”是系动词，“to look after homeless children”是不定式短语作表语。 D. He is looking for problems on his broken car.他在找他那辆破车的毛病。是一个主谓宾结构的句子，其中“He”是主语，“is looking for”是谓语动词短语，“problems”是宾语，“on his broken car”是介词短语作地点状语。故选C。 25．The sentence structure of “The humorous joke made us laugh in class.” is ______. A．SVO B．SVOO C．SVOC D．SV 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：“这个幽默的笑话使我们在课堂上大笑”这个句子的结构是“主谓宾补”。A. SVO主谓宾；B. SVOO主谓宾宾；C. SVOC主谓宾补；D. SV主谓。分析句子可知，The humorous joke“这个幽默的笑话”是句子的主语，made“使”是句子的谓语，us“我们”是句子的宾语，laugh in class“在课堂上大笑”是句子的补足语，因此句子的结构是“主谓宾补”。故选C。 26．The sentence structure (结构) of “The tips below may help you.” is ______. A．SVP B．SVOO C．SVOC D．SVO 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：下面的建议可能会对你有所帮助。The tips below是主语（S）；may help是谓语（V）；you是宾语（O），该句的句子结构是：主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）。故选D。 27．“I didn’t understand the meaning of his words.” 属于以下哪种句子结构？______ A．SVOC (主谓宾宾补) B．SVO(主谓宾) C．SVOA(主谓宾状) D．SV(主谓) 【答案】B 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：我不明白他的话的意思。分析句子结构可知，该句中I为人称代词作主语，didn’t understand意为“不理解”作谓语，the meaning为名词，意为“意思”作宾语，of his words为介词短语作定语修饰名词the meaning，所以该句的结构为“SVO(主谓宾)”。故选B项。 28．People all over the world speak English.(挑出句中宾语) A．People B．all over the world C．speak D．English 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分分析。句意：全世界的人都说英语。本句为简单句，其中主语为people，谓语为speak，宾语为English，状语为all over the world。故选D。 29．Please analyze the structure of the sentence; “He started an IT company after graduation.” A．SVOC B．SVA C．SVOA D．SPA 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：毕业后他创办了一家IT公司。分析可知，He是句子主语，started是句子谓语，an IT company是宾语，after graduation是时间状语，因此句子是的结构是“主谓宾状”，即SVOA。故选C。 30．Spending too much time online makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. A．主语 B．宾语 C．宾补 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：过多的在线时间使得专注于生活中的其他事情变得非常困难。it为形式宾语，to focus on other things in life为真正的宾语。故选B。 二、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分 31．He managed to finish the work in time. 32．Tom came to ask me for advice. 33．He found it important to master English. 34．Do you have anything else to say? 35．To be honest, your pronunciation is not so good. 36．Would you please tell me your address? 37．He sat there, reading a newspaper. 38．It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 39．He noticed a man enter the room. 40．The apples tasted sweet. 【答案】 31．谓语，宾语 32．状语 33．形式宾语，真正宾语 34．宾语，定语 35．插入语，表语 36．宾语（间宾+直宾） 37．状语，状语 38．形式主语，表语，宾补 39．宾补 40．表语 【解析】31．考查句子结构。句意：他设法及时完成了工作。分析句子结构可知， managed是谓语动词，the work是宾语，作动词finish的宾语。故答案为：谓语，宾语。 32．考查句子结构。句意：Tom来向我征求建议。分析句子并结合句意可知，for advice在句中作状语，表示目的。故答案为：状语。 33．考查句子结构，句意：他发现掌握英语很重要。分析句子结构可知，it是动词found的形式宾语，动词不定式to master English是真正宾语。故答案为：形式宾语，真正宾语。 34．考查句子结构。句意：你还有别的要说吗？分析句子结构可知，不定代词anything是动词have的宾语，动词不定式to say是定语，修饰anything，指“要说的事情”。故答案为：宾语，定语。 35．考查句子结构。句意：老实说，你的发音不是那么好。分析句子结构可知，To be honest是插入语，so good位于be动词is后，是形容词作表语。故答案为：插入语，表语。 36．考查句子结构。句意：你能告诉我你的地址吗？分析句子结构可知，tell后是双宾语，其中me为间接宾语，your address是直接宾语。故答案为：宾语（间宾+直宾）。 37．考查句子结构。句意：他坐在那里看报纸。分析句子结构可知，there在句中作地点状语，reading a newspaper是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为：状语，状语。 38．考查句子结构。句意：保持教室干净整洁是我们的责任。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，our duty位于be动词is后，在句中作表语，clean and tidy是形容词作宾语补足语。故答案为：形式主语，表语，宾补。 39．考查句子结构。句意：他注意到一个男人走进房间。分析句子结构可知，此处是notice sb do sth结构，其中do sth是宾语补足语，所以enter the room是宾语补足语，故答案为：宾补。 40．考查句子结构。句意：这些苹果尝起来很甜。分析句子结构可知，tasted在句中作系动词，sweet是形容词作表语。故答案为：表语。 三、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 41．The students agreed. 42．My sister is writing a letter. 43．I heard him sing a song. 44．He asked me to come back soon. 45．My teacher gave me a book. 46．His face turned red. 47．This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 48．There are many customs in the village. 49．A sports meeting will be held in our school next week. 50．I’ll spend the summer holiday in the countryside. 【答案】 41．主语＋谓语 42．主语＋谓语＋宾语 43．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补 44．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补 45．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 46．主语＋系动词＋表语 47．主语＋系动词＋表语 48．there be 句型 谓语+主语+地点状语 49．主语＋谓语＋地点状语+时间状语 50．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 【解析】41．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓结构，The students“学生们”是主语，agreed“同意”是谓语。所以，这个句子的结构是：主语＋谓语。 42．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓宾结构，My sister“我的妹妹”是主语，is writing“正在写”是谓语，a letter“一封信”是宾语。所以，这个句子的结构是：主语＋谓语＋宾语。 43．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓宾宾补结构，I“我”是主语，heard“听到”是谓语，him“他”是宾语，sing a song“唱歌”是省略to的不定式作宾补。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 44．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓宾宾补结构，He“他”是主语，asked“要求”是谓语，me“我”是宾语，to come back soon“快点回来”是宾补。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 45．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓双宾结构，My teacher“我的老师”是主语，gave“给”是谓语，me“我”是间接宾语，a book“一本书”是直接宾语。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。 46．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主系表结构，His face“他的脸”是主语，turned“变成”是系动词，red“红色的”是表语。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋系动词＋表语。 47．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主系表结构，This“这”是主语，is“是”是系动词，an English-Chinese dictionary“一本英汉字典”是表语。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋系动词＋表语。 48．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是there be 句型结构，many customs“许多风俗习惯”是主语，There are“有”是谓语，in the village“在村子里”是地点状语。所以，这个句子结构是：there be 句型 谓语+主语+地点状语。 49．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓状结构，A sports meeting“一场运动会”是主语，will be held“将被举办”是谓语，in our school“在我们学校”是地点状语，next week“下周”是时间状语。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋谓语＋地点状语+时间状语。 50．考查句子结构。分析句子可知，这是主谓宾状结构，I“我”是主语，’ll spend“将度过”是谓语，the summer holiday“这个暑假”是宾语，in the countryside“在农村”是地点状语。所以，这个句子结构是：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋地点状语。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$