Unit 1 Teenage Life Grammar 短语类型及用法练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 1 Teenage Life 单元语法 短语类型及用法 一、请写出以下句子中画线部分属于什么短语及其在句中所作成分 1．I think the book very interesting. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 2．Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 3．He told me a funny story.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 4．She speaks English very fluently.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 5．Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 6．He is my best friend.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 7．She is full of fear, running out of the dark room.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 8．He is a very careful worker.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 9．The warm girl is my sister.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 10．We consider him a good teacher.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 二、用所给词的适当形式修饰画线部分，并指出短语的词性。 11．Hearing the news, I as well as my classmates wore an expression. (annoy) 12．Jane felt anxious when it was beginning to rain. (real) 13．As a doctor, he is responsible for his patients.(very) 14．I’m hungry. I want a big piece of bread to eat.(terrible) 15．I have been living in the city for over ten years so I’m familiar with it.(quite) 16．When he was a teenager, an accident nearly took his life. (car) 17．Thanks to their work, the new bridge has been completed.(hard) 18．We planned to invite an expert to train these new workers.(famous) 19．He rushed out of the door quickly and disappeared in the darkness. (so) 20．With these machines, we finished the work ahead of schedule. (modern, advanced) 三、语法填空 （25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Adam is a freshman at the senior high school. For him, the senior high school is a big challenge. Many things in the first week made him 1 (confuse). First, he couldn’t decide which courses 2 (choose). With the help of the school adviser, he chose suitable ones for himself. He thinks Chinese is very difficult, but he hopes to speak Chinese 3 (fluent) when he graduates. Because he is good at English, he 4 (recommend) by the adviser to sign up for advanced literature. As for extra-curricular 5 (activity), he wanted to join the school football team. Sadly, the coach thought he was not skillful enough to be part of the team, 6 he wouldn’t quit. He was determined to practise more and believed 7 he could join the team next year. Instead, he joined a volunteer club. He always takes an active part to help those 8 need. As a freshman, he has difficulty in 9 (get) used to the senior high school life. He is also worried about falling behind others in his advanced course. Still, he is very happy and he believes he will be well prepared for university and whatever else 10 (come) in the future. （24-25高一上·江苏徐州·阶段练习）语法填空 Here are some suggestions for you, which may help you enjoy your school life better. As senior high school students, going from junior high school to senior high school is really 1 (challenge) and you will be living a very busy life. So first of all, you should arrange your time properly. You’d better make a suitable schedule so that you know when to study, exercise and rest. Only in this way can you make good use of every minute. Besides, you have to think very 2 (careful) about which courses you want to take. When you have a problem you can’t work out alone, you’d better turn to your teachers or classmates for help. Furthermore, you may have difficulty in choosing after-class 3 (activity). Some of you may would like 4 (join) the school football team, but you have to consider whether you play well enough. If not, you should practice more after school 5 your own, trying to make the team next year. Never quit! Some students choose to join a volunteer club, 6 will give them good chances to help homeless people and challenge 7 (them). As senior high school students, you have to study 8 (hard) than before and get used to being responsible 9 a lot of things. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but you will be well prepared for university and whatever comes in the future. I hope the suggestions above will help you go through 10 rich and colorful school life. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Teenage Life 单元语法 短语类型及用法 一、请写出以下句子中画线部分属于什么短语及其在句中所作成分 1．I think the book very interesting. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 2．Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 3．He told me a funny story.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 4．She speaks English very fluently.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 5．Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. (属于 ；在句中作 ) 6．He is my best friend.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 7．She is full of fear, running out of the dark room.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 8．He is a very careful worker.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 9．The warm girl is my sister.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 10．We consider him a good teacher.(属于 ；在句中作 ) 【答案】 1． 形容词短语 宾语补足语 2． 形容词短语 状语 3．名词短语 直接宾语 4． 副词短语 状语 5． 名词短语 表语 6． 名词短语 表语 7． 形容词短语 表语 8． 形容词短语 定语 9． 名词短语 主语 10． 名词短语 宾语补足语 【解析】1．考查词性和句子成分。句意：我认为这本书很有趣。该句为“think+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，所以，划线部分very interesting为形容词短语作宾语补足语，very为副词作状语修饰interesting。故填①形容词短语②宾语补足语。 2．考查词性和句子成分。句意：他很感兴趣，同意试一试。划线部分Much interested为形容词短语作状语修饰整个句子，much为副词修饰形容词interested。故填①形容词短语②状语。 3．考查词性和句子成分。句意：他给我讲了一个有趣的故事。划线部分a funny story为名词短语作直接宾语，funny作定语修饰名词story。故填①名词短语②直接宾语。 4．考查词性和句子成分。句意：她英语说得很流利。划线部分very fluently为副词短语作状语修饰动词speaks。故填①副词短语②状语。 5．考查词性和句子成分。句意：哈佛大学是美国最著名的大学之一。划线部分one of the most famous universities为名词短语作表语，most famous作定语修饰名词universities。故填①名词短语②表语。 6．考查词性和句子成分。句意：他是我最好的朋友。划线部分my best friend为名词短语作表语，my best作定语修饰名词friend。故填①名词短语②表语。 7．考查词性和句子成分。句意：她满心恐惧地跑出黑暗的房间。划线部分full of fear位于系动词之后，所以为形容词短语作表语。故填①形容词短语②表语。 8．考查词性和句子成分。句意：他是一个非常细心的工人。划线部分a very careful为形容词短语作定语，very为副词修饰形容词careful，careful修饰名词worker。故填①形容词短语②定语。 9．考查词性和句子成分。句意：那个温暖的女孩是我的妹妹。划线部分The warm girl为名词短语作主语，warm为形容词作定语修饰名词girl。故填①名词短语②主语。 10．考查词性和句子成分。句意：我们认为他是个好老师。该句为“consider+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，所以划线部分a good teacher为名词短语作宾语补足语，good作定语修饰名词teacher。故填①名词短语②宾语补足语。 二、用所给词的适当形式修饰画线部分，并指出短语的词性。 11．Hearing the news, I as well as my classmates wore an expression. (annoy) 12．Jane felt anxious when it was beginning to rain. (real) 13．As a doctor, he is responsible for his patients.(very) 14．I’m hungry. I want a big piece of bread to eat.(terrible) 15．I have been living in the city for over ten years so I’m familiar with it.(quite) 16．When he was a teenager, an accident nearly took his life. (car) 17．Thanks to their work, the new bridge has been completed.(hard) 18．We planned to invite an expert to train these new workers.(famous) 19．He rushed out of the door quickly and disappeared in the darkness. (so) 20．With these machines, we finished the work ahead of schedule. (modern, advanced) 【答案】 11．the annoying news(NP); an annoyed expression (NP) 12．really anxious (AdjP) 13．very responsible(AdjP) 14．terribly hungry(AdjP) 15．quite familiar(AdjP) 16．a car accident(NP) 17．hard work(NP) 18．a famous expert(NP) 19．so quickly (AdvP) 20．modern and advanced machines(NP) 【解析】11．考查形容词作定语。句意：听到这个消息，我和我的同学都露出了表情。（听到这个恼人的消息，我和我的同学都露出了恼火的表情。）分析可知，画线部分单词“news”，“an expression”为名词，因此应是用形容词作定语修饰。“annoy”，动词，意为“使烦恼”，其形容词形式为“annoyed(恼怒的)”和“annoying(令人恼火的，令人烦躁的)”。“the news”意为“消息”，指物，用“annoying”修饰，即“the annoying news(恼人的消息)”，为名词词组。“an expression”意为“表情”，与人有关，用“annoyed”修饰，即“an annoyed expression(恼怒的表情)”，为名词词组。故答案为：the annoying news(NP)；an annoyed expression (NP)。 12．考查副词作状语。句意：天开始下雨时，简感到焦虑不安。（天开始下雨时，简感到非常焦虑。）分析可知，画线单词“anxious”为形容词，因此应是用副词作状语修饰。“real”，形容词，意为“真的”，其副词形式为“really(真正地，很，十分)”。“really anxious(很焦虑)”，为形容词短语。故答案为：really anxious (AdjP)。 13．考查副词作状语。句意：作为一名医生，他对他的病人负责。（作为一名医生，他对他的病人非常负责。）分析可知，画线单词“responsible”为形容词，因此应是副词作状语修饰。“very”，程度副词，意为“非常”，“very responsible(很负责任)”，为形容词短语。故答案为：very responsible(AdjP)。 14．考查副词作状语。句意：我饿了。我想吃一大块面包。（我饿坏了。我想吃一大块面包。）分析可知，画线单词“hungry”为形容词，因此应是副词作状语修饰。“terrible”，形容词，意为“可怕的”，其副词形式为“terribly(非常，很)”，“terribly hungry(非常饥饿的)”，为形容词短语。故答案为：terribly hungry(AdjP)。 15．考查形容词作定语。句意：我已经在这个城市生活了十多年，所以我对它很熟悉。（我在这个城市已经住了十多年了，所以我对它很熟悉。）分析可知，画线单词“familiar”为形容词，因此应是用副词作状语修饰。“quite”，副词，意为“相当地”，“quite familiar(很熟悉)”，为形容词短语。故答案为：quite familiar(AdjP)。 16．考查名词作定语。句意：当他十几岁的时候，一场事故几乎夺去了他的生命。（当他十几岁的时候，一场车祸几乎夺去了他的生命。）分析可知，画线“an accident”为名词短语，所给出的词“car”为名词，可做定语修饰“accident”。“an car accident(一次车祸)”，为名词短语。故答案为：a car accident(NP)。 17．考查形容词作状语。句意：由于他们的工作，新桥已经建成了。（由于他们的辛苦的工作，新桥已经建成了。）分析可知，画线单词“work”为名词，因此用形容词作定语。“hard”，作形容词时，意为“辛苦的”，“hard work(辛苦的工作)”，为名词短语。故答案为：hard work(NP)。 18．考查形容词作定语。句意：我们计划请一位专家来培训这些新工人。（我们计划请一位著名的专家来培训这些新工人。）分析可知，画线“an expert”为名词短语，应是用形容词作定语修饰。“famous”，为形容词，意为“出名的，著名的”，“a famous expert(著名专家)”，为名词短语。故答案为：a famous expert(NP)。 19．考查副词作状语。句意：他快速地冲出门外，消失在黑暗中。（他如此快速地冲出房门，消失在黑暗中。）分析可知，画线单词“quickly”为副词，应是用副词作状语修饰。“so”，为副词，意为“如此”。“so quickly(如此快速地)”，为副词短语。故答案为：so quickly (AdvP)。 20．考查形容词作定语。句意：有了这些机器，我们提前完成了工作。（有了这些现代先进的机器，我们提前完成了工作。）分析可知，画线单词“machines”为名词，应是用形容词作定语。“modern”为形容词，意为“现代的”，“advanced”，形容词，意为“先进的”，“modern and advanced machines(现代先进的机器)”，为名词短语。故答案为：modern and advanced machines(NP)。 三、语法填空 （25-26高一上·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Adam is a freshman at the senior high school. For him, the senior high school is a big challenge. Many things in the first week made him 1 (confuse). First, he couldn’t decide which courses 2 (choose). With the help of the school adviser, he chose suitable ones for himself. He thinks Chinese is very difficult, but he hopes to speak Chinese 3 (fluent) when he graduates. Because he is good at English, he 4 (recommend) by the adviser to sign up for advanced literature. As for extra-curricular 5 (activity), he wanted to join the school football team. Sadly, the coach thought he was not skillful enough to be part of the team, 6 he wouldn’t quit. He was determined to practise more and believed 7 he could join the team next year. Instead, he joined a volunteer club. He always takes an active part to help those 8 need. As a freshman, he has difficulty in 9 (get) used to the senior high school life. He is also worried about falling behind others in his advanced course. Still, he is very happy and he believes he will be well prepared for university and whatever else 10 (come) in the future. 【答案】 1．confused 2．to choose 3．fluently 4．was recommended 5．activities 6．but/yet 7．that 8．in 9．getting 10．comes 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中新生Adam在面对高中生活中的挑战时，如何做出选择、参与活动以及适应新生活的经历。 1．考查形容词。句意：第一周的许多事情让他感到困惑。提示词作使役动词made后宾语him的补足语，应用形容词confused表明其逻辑主语him的心理状态，意为“感到困惑的”。故填confused。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，他无法决定选择哪些课程。“which courses ____ (choose)”是“decide”的宾语，用“疑问词+不定式”复合结构作宾语。故填to choose。 3．考查副词。句意：他认为中文很难，但他希望毕业时能流利地说中文。fluent(流利的)是形容词，修饰动词speak，副词fluently作状语，意为“流利地”。故填fluently。 4．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：因为他英语很好，所以被顾问推荐报名高级文学课。recommend(推荐)是谓语动词，与主语he之间是被动关系，结合上下文可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数代词，be动词用was。故填was recommended。 5．考查名词。句意：至于课外活动，他想加入学校足球队。activity(活动)是可数名词，作宾语，结合语境可知，“课外活动”不止一个，应用复数形式。故填activities。 6．考查连词。句意：遗憾的是，教练认为他技术不够好，不能成为球队的一员，但他不会放弃。根据语境可知，前后文是转折关系，应用转折连词but或yet连接。故填but/yet。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：他决心多练习，相信自己明年能加入球队。“____ he could join the team next year”是宾语从句，结合句意，从句成分完整、句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that连接从句。故填that。 8．考查介词。句意：他总是积极参加帮助那些需要帮助的人。in need是固定短语，意为“需要帮助的”，作后置定语。故填in。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名新生，他很难适应高中生活。get作介词in宾语，应用动名词形式getting。故填getting。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管如此，他还是很高兴，他相信自己将为上大学和未来发生的任何事情做好充分准备。come(来)是从句谓语动词，与主语whatever之间是主动关系，结合句意和上文时态可知，讲述现在的情况用一般现在时态，且主语是不定代词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填comes。 （24-25高一上·江苏徐州·阶段练习）语法填空 Here are some suggestions for you, which may help you enjoy your school life better. As senior high school students, going from junior high school to senior high school is really 1 (challenge) and you will be living a very busy life. So first of all, you should arrange your time properly. You’d better make a suitable schedule so that you know when to study, exercise and rest. Only in this way can you make good use of every minute. Besides, you have to think very 2 (careful) about which courses you want to take. When you have a problem you can’t work out alone, you’d better turn to your teachers or classmates for help. Furthermore, you may have difficulty in choosing after-class 3 (activity). Some of you may would like 4 (join) the school football team, but you have to consider whether you play well enough. If not, you should practice more after school 5 your own, trying to make the team next year. Never quit! Some students choose to join a volunteer club, 6 will give them good chances to help homeless people and challenge 7 (them). As senior high school students, you have to study 8 (hard) than before and get used to being responsible 9 a lot of things. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but you will be well prepared for university and whatever comes in the future. I hope the suggestions above will help you go through 10 rich and colorful school life. 【答案】 1．challenging 2．carefully 3．activities 4．to join 5．on 6．which 7．themselves 8．harder 9．for 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为即将开始高中生活的学生提供了一些有用的学习和生活方面的建议。 1．考查形容词。句意：作为高中生，从初中到高中真的很有挑战性，你将过着非常忙碌的生活。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，描述主语的性质，应用以-ing结尾的形容词challenging，意为“有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 2．考查副词。句意：此外，你必须非常仔细地考虑你想学哪些课程。分析句子可知，空处作修饰think的状语，副词carefully符合题意，意为“仔细地”，表示仔细地考虑想学哪些课程。故填carefully。 3．考查名词的数。句意：而且，你可能在选择课外活动方面有困难。分析句子可知，空处作choosing的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词activity应用复数形式。故填activities。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：你们中的一些人可能想加入学校足球队，但你必须考虑你是否踢得足够好。would like to do sth.是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，空处应用join的不定式形式。故填to join。 5．考查介词。句意：如果没有（那么好），你应该在放学后自己多练习，争取明年进入球队。on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独立地，自己一个人地”。故填on。 6．考查定语从句。句意：一些学生选择加入志愿者俱乐部，这将给他们很好的机会去帮助无家可归的人并挑战自我。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 7．考查代词。句意：一些学生选择加入志愿者俱乐部，这将给他们很好的机会去帮助无家可归的人并挑战自我。分析句子可知，challenge这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用them的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。 8．考查副词比较级。句意：作为高中生，你必须比以前更努力地学习，并适应要对很多事情负责。根据空后的“than before”可知，此处表示比较的概念，空处应用hard的比较级形式harder，意为“更努力地”。故填harder。 9．考查介词。句意：作为高中生，你必须比以前更努力地学习，并适应要对很多事情负责。be responsible for是固定短语，意为“对……负责”。故填for。 10．考查冠词。句意：我希望以上的建议能帮助你度过一个丰富多彩的校园生活。结合空处前后的内容可推知，此处表示度过“一个/一种”丰富多彩的校园生活，应用不定冠词，且rich的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $