Unit 4 Sharing Reading and Thinking 语言点导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

语言点 Reading and Thinking Page38, 39 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page38指课本第38页。相关类似) (颜色使用说明：红色为宏观位置提示。绿色为重要语言点提醒。紫色为必做笔记部分。) (Ⅰ.常用简洁短语。Ⅱ.重要语言点。Ⅲ.课文汉语译文) Ⅰ.常用简洁短语 1.It takes/ took s.t to do sth 花费…做某事8 March, Para1, Line1, Page38 2.be dying to do 渴望做某事Para1, Line2 3.be made of 由…制成Para2, Line2 4.a chorus of齐声；异口同声Para2, Line5 5.up to two hours 多达长达两小时Para2, Line8 6.not to mention 更不用说Para3, Line1 7.adapt to 适应Para3, Line3 8.be rigid about 对…严格，固执Para3, Line6 9.the other day 前几天Para3, Line6 10.come across 遇到，偶遇Para3, Line8 11.to be honest 实话说Para3, Line10 12.make a difference to对…有影响Para3, Line11 13.be related to 和…相关17 April, Para1, Line5 14.a couple of 几个17 April, Para2, Line9, Page39 15.build a fire生火Para3, Line1 16.participate in 参与Para3, Line5 17.notice…doing 注意…做某事Para4, Line1 18.dry out /dry up烤干Para4, Line2, Line3 Ⅱ.重点语言点 8 March, Para1, Line2, Page38 I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail! 我已经馋了好久这些最爱的糖果，而且，收到邮包从来都是让人开心的事啊！ (1).die v. dead adj. deadly adj, adv. death n. 其中“deadly” 作adj. 意思是“致命的；极其危险的；非常严重的”。作adv. 极其;非常; He has a deadly expression on his face. (deadly, adj.) 他的脸上有一种冷酷无情的表情。 He is deadly serious about his career. (deadly, adv.) 他对自己的职业非常认真。 (2).be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事 She’s dying to meet her new colleagues. 她非常渴望见到她的新同事。 I am always thirsty for new knowledge and eager to learn more about the world. 我总是渴望新知识，热切希望了解更多关于这个世界的信息。 (3).拓展be eager to do渴望做某事. long to do渴望做某事. be dying to do sth. =be eager to do sth.= long to sth. =be dying/thirsty/hungry/for sth. They were eager to raise more children. 他们渴望养育更多的孩子。 Is that a world you long to see? 那是一个你渴望看到的世界吗? 单句填空 ①The article discusses the impact of smoking on the (die)rate. Keys:①death 完成句子 ②Hearing the news, she was dying _________ (concentrate) her husband on passing the driving test. ③The staff are dying ______ a chance to go to the shore annually. ④The child can’t wait to return to school because he is thirsty ___ knowledge. Keys:②to concentrate ③for ④for 8 March, Para3, Line6, Page38 The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 几天前,我正在给男孩子们演示一个化学实验, 突然,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就冒着气泡溢出了试管,洒得到处都是! be doing…when…正在做……就在这时(突然)…… 句式点拨 be doing…when…意为“正在做……就在这时(突然)……”。when是并列连词,意为“就在这时(突然)”,相当于and then 或and at that time。 归纳拓展 (1)be about to do…when…正要做……这时…… (2)be on the point of doing…when…正要做……这时…… (3)had (just) done…when…刚刚做完……这时…… (4)be going to do…when…正要做……这时…… 单句填空 ①We 　　　　　　　(talk) when he suddenly took his jacket and ran away.  ②I was about 　　　　　　　(leave) when the telephone rang.  ③An agreement was on the point of being reached 　　　　the other side raised new issues.  Keys:①were talking　②to leave　③when　 完成句子 ④My family 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the house started shaking and we heard a loud noise.   房子开始晃的时候我家才刚刚吃完早饭,然后我们就听到了一声巨响。 ⑤Tom 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he heard a knock at the door.  汤姆正坐在炉火边,这时他听到了敲门声。 Keys:④had just finished breakfast when　⑤was sitting near the fire when 8 March, Para3, Line9, Page38 Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students—few will ever become chemists—and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. 有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些学生究竟有多大用处，很少有人会成为化学家，并且他们中的大多数人学完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。 (1) relevant adj.相关的,切题的;适当的,恰当的 relevance n.相关性；切题性。 Please provide relevant information for the report.请为报告提供相关信息。 The relevance of this study to our project is still unclear.这项研究与我们项目的相关性仍然不清楚。 (2).be relevant to和…有关 have (no) relevance to 和…无/有关 The film has relevance to what is being discussed in class. 这部电影与课堂上正在讨论的事情有关。 完成句子/语法填空 ① Can you tell me how it is relevant this discussion? ② The film has _________ (relevant) to what is being discussed in class. ③ His comments the discussion.他的评论与讨论无关。 Keys:①to ②relevant ③were not relevant to 8 March, Para3, Line11, Page38 To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. 老实说，我怀疑自己是否会给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。 make a difference to对…有影响 make all the difference产生极大的影响；成为决定性因素。 make a/ no/ some difference to...　 对…有/没有/一些影响 One more person wouldn’t make any difference to the arrangements. 多一个人对安排不会有影响。 Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 转学对我的一生有着重大影响。 This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. 这种方法从来没让我失望,我的人生因此变得完全不同。 完成句子/单句填空 1. It makes no difference _________ me whether you come or not. ② A few kind words at the right time make all the __________ (different). ③ whether you come or not.你来不来对我来说没有影响。 ④A positive attitude can in your success.积极的态度可以成为你成功的关键。 Keys:①to ②difference ③It makes no difference to me ④make all the difference 17 April, Para1, Line3, Page38 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. 我和另外一个老师走了两个半小时才到了那儿——首先,我们爬上一座山,在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景,然后又沿着一条阴凉的小路走到下面的山谷。 shade　vt.给……遮挡(光线);加灯罩;把……涂暗 n.阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部分 (1)shade…from/against…　　给……遮挡…… (2)in the shade 在阴凉处 (3)shaded adj. 有阴影的,颜色较深的,加深的 The ancient oak tree, with its branches outstretched in all directions, provided shade for weary travellers. 古老的橡树向四面八方伸展的树枝为疲惫的旅人提供了阴凉。 单句填空 ①Because they weren’t getting enough energy to support their growth, most of the 　　　　(shade) plants died after a short time.  ②Tom put his hands over his eyes to shade them 　　　　the bright sun.  Keys:①shaded　②from/against　 完成句子 ③He had a most wonderful and idle Saturday, 　　　　　　　　　　　and enjoying the gifts that his friends gave him.  他度过了一个非常愉快而悠闲的周六,坐在树荫下享受着朋友们送给他的礼物。 ④I had to stop my car at the traffic lights and put down the sun visor   　　.  我不得不在红绿灯处停车,然后放下遮阳板来给眼睛遮挡阳光。 Keys:③sitting in/under the shade (of a tree)　④to shade my eyes from/against the sunlight 17 April, Para1, Line3, Page38 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. 我和另外一个老师走了两个半小时才到了那儿——首先,我们爬上一座山,在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景,然后又沿着一条阴凉的小路走到下面的山谷。 from where…从那里……(定语从句) 句式点拨 句中from where…是“from+关系副词”引导的定语从句,相当于and from there…。此外,在定语从句中since后也可以接关系副词when,相当于and since then。 单句填空 ①His head soon appeared out of the window, from 　　　　he saw nothing but trees.  ②I have bought that house, and 　　　　there I can enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.  ③My cousin graduated from Zhejiang Normal University in 2008, since 　　　　he has worked as a teacher in a middle school.  Keys:①where　②from　③when　 完成句子/句式改写 ④Out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain,  　　　 　 　　　.  我们气喘吁吁地到达山顶,从那里看到的景色让我们惊叹不已。(读后续写之环境描写) ⑤She climbed up to the top of the hill, and from there she could have a good view of the whole town. →She climbed up to the top of the hill, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the whole town.(用定语从句改写)  Keys:④from where the view took our breath away　⑤from where she could have a good view of 17 April, Para1, Line5, Page38 Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe. （村里）每个人好像都是汤贝的什么亲戚。 (1). relate vt. 与……有关;涉及;联系;把…联系起来;使有联系;叙述 related adj.相关的；有联系的 relative n. adj.亲戚（名词）；相对的（形容词）。 relatively‌ adv.相对地；相当 relation n.关系；联系。 relationship n.关系；联系。 They discussed related topics in the meeting.他们在会议中讨论了相关话题。 The relation between the two countries has improved.两国之间的关系有所改善。 A good relationship is built on trust.良好的关系建立在信任之上。 She is my closest relative.她是我的最近亲属。 The problem is relative to the economic situation.这个问题与经济形势有关。 (2).常用搭配 relate to sb./sth.：与……有关；涉及。 relate with sb.：与……相处。 be related to：与……有联系；与……有关。 in relation to：关于；涉及。 The research relates to climate change.这项研究涉及气候变化。 His illness is related to his poor diet.他的疾病与他的不良饮食有关。 They discussed the issue in relation to the new policy.他们讨论了与新政策有关的问题。 (3).特别提示：“relevant” 和 “relate” 的联系. 虽然 “relevant” 和 “relate” 在语义上有相似之处，但它们的词源不同：relevant 来自拉丁语 “relevare”，意为“提起”或“提高”，后来引申为“相关的”。relate 来自拉丁语 “relatus”，意为“带回去”或“叙述”，后来引申为“使……有联系”或“讲述”。因词源不同，不可相互转化。 完成句子/语法填空 ①A good is built on mutual respect and understanding.良好的关系建立在相互尊重和理解之上。 ②I found the test easy.我觉得这次考试相对简单‌ ③I don’t think what he said the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. 我觉得他说的和我们正在讨论的话题不相关。他已经跑题了。 ④The film what is being discussed in class. (使用relevance) 这部电影与课堂上正在讨论的事情有关。 Keys:①relationship ②relatively ③is related to ④has relevance to 17 April, Para5, Line2, Page39 My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.当我们拖着身子下山往家走的时候,我的肌肉发痛,膝盖发抖。 drag　(dragged, dragged) vt.拖;拽 vt. & vi.缓慢而费力地移动 drag by 过得很慢;拖沓地进行 drag…away 将……拉走;将……硬拖走 drag…out of… 把……从……中拖出来 drag sb into sth 把某人卷入某事中 drag oneself along (慢吞吞地)拖着脚走 drag one’s heels/feet 故意延迟(做出决定);故意拖拉 I was so tired that morning that the alarm clock went off for ten minutes before I managed to drag myself out of bed.那天早上我太累了,闹钟响了十分钟,我才勉强从床上爬起来。 单句填空 ①[2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷] Clutching(抓牢) the baby to his chest and 　　　　　　(drag) the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway.  ②Tom opened the car door, 　　　　　　(drag) the driver out and sent him to the police station.  ③Don’t drag me 　　　　your argument! It has nothing to do with me.  Keys:①dragging　②dragged　③into　 完成句子 ④[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] At the sound of the signal gunshot, runners shot out like bullets, except David. He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, step by step. 信号枪声一响,除了戴维,其他的赛跑者都像子弹一样飞奔而出。他吃力地拖着双腿,一步一步地走着。 (读后续写之动作描写) ⑤ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Jenny went through her usual morning routine. She hurriedly got dressed, grabbed her backpack, and rushed to the kitchen for breakfast. 珍妮挣扎着从床上爬起来,完成了早晨的例行工作。她匆忙地穿好衣服,抓起背包,冲到厨房去吃早饭。 (读后续写之动作描写) Keys:④dragged his legs with great efforts　⑤Dragging herself out of bed 17 April, Para5, Line3, Page39 It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 和汤贝一家人度过了一天,真是荣幸。 privilege　n.特权;优惠待遇 v.给予特权;特别优待 (1)It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。 have the privilege to do/of doing sth有特权做某事 (2)privileged adj.有特权的;受特别优待的 be/feel privileged to do sth有幸做某事 I feel really privileged to have witnessed an ancient tradition performed by the last of the Dashuhua masters.我十分有幸能欣赏到最后一批打树花大师所表演的这项古老传统。 单句填空 ①The data is 　　　　　　(privilege) information, not to be shared with the general public.  ②The members of the club have the privilege 　　　　　　(buy) the football ticket at special rates.  ③We regard it as 　　　　privilege to be able to serve our customers and provide them with the best products and services.  Keys:①privileged　②to buy　③a　 完成句子/一句多译 ④I’m so glad that you are interested in Chinese culture.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to introduce Chinese 24 solar terms to you.  我很高兴你对中国文化感兴趣。能向你介绍中国的24节气是我的荣幸。(应用文写作之传统文化) ⑤被邀请到这里来给你们做讲座是我莫大的荣幸,你们会发现这个讲座对提高你们的沟通技能很有帮助。 → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills. (privilege n.)  → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills. (privileged adj.)  Keys:④It’s my privilege/It is a privilege for me　⑤It is a great privilege for me to be invited here to give you the lecture; I am greatly privileged to be invited here to give you the lecture Exercise2, Line10, Page40 One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resigned from my job. 我的一个梦想是在我辞去工作后去非洲工作，继续帮助残疾人。 resign v.辞职；放弃（职位、权利等）；接受（不愉快的事实）。 resign from：辞职（某职位）。 resigned from the job辞去工作 resign oneself to：接受（不愉快的事实） resign one’s position/post 辞去职务 Mr Robb resigned his position last month. 罗布先生上个月辞职了。 To his surprise, his opponent decided to resign as a manager.令他吃惊的是，他的对手决定辞去经理一职。 He has resigned himself to the fact that he will lose the job. 他已经接受他将要失去这份工作的现实。 He decided to resign from his job because he couldn’t bear the pressure. 他决定辞职，因为他无法承受压力。 单句填空 ① As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends __________ (resign) from the company. ② We have to resign _________ (we) to making a loss on the sale. Keys:①to resign ②ourselves 完成句子 ③ He (辞去他的职务) because he had been offered a better job. ④She (接受)the fact that she would never be a professional singer. 她接受了自己永远无法成为专业歌手的事实。 Keys:③resigned his position/post ④resigned herself to Exercise2, Line10, Page40 I think everyone deserves the right to be happy. 我认为每个人都应该有权利得到幸福。 deserve　vt.值得;应得;应受 (1)deserve sth 值得/应得某物 deserve to do sth 值得/应该做某事 deserve doing/to be done 值得被…… (2)deserved adj. 应得的;值得的;理所当然的 提示: deserve后接doing,用主动形式表示被动意义,等于后接不定式的被动式。有相同用法的动词还有:need,want,require等。 单句填空 ①When the plot was disclosed, they got the 　　　　　　(deserve) punishment.   ②The teacher believes that every student’s effort deserves 　 (recognize), no matter how small it may seem. ③Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves 　　　　　　　　　　(reread) today.   Keys:①deserved　②recognition/recognizing/to be recognized ③to be reread/rereading　 ④[2022·浙江6月考应用文写作] The self-study room does 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, so please accept my sincere invitation.(应用文写作之邀请信)   自习室确实值得体验,所以请接受我真诚的邀请。 ⑤[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] Although a little surprised, I knew that I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. I had made every effort to make my writing perfect. 虽然有点惊讶,但我知道这是我应得的奖励。我已经竭尽全力使我的写作完美无瑕。  Keys:④deserve experiencing/to be experienced　⑤deserved the prize Ⅲ.课文汉语译文 课文原文 VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH 8 March I just got a parcel from home! It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam from home; I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail! So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now. My secondary school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay floors and roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds. When I reach the school grounds, I’m greeted by a chorus of “good morning” from the boys. Unlike students in our country, these boys do not wear cotton uniforms, and many of them also have to walk a long way, sometimes for up to two hours, just to get to school. There’s no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! All the students have are pencils, rubbers, and paper. I’m still trying to adapt to these conditions. I’ve had to become much more imaginative in my teaching. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. There is no equipment, and since there isn’t even a washroom, if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin! It’s important not to be too rigid about rules here, too. The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! The class became a circus as the boys, who had never come across anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students---few will ever become chemists---and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. 17 April Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village, home to one of our students, Tombe. Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there---first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”. We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe. Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof---this shows it is a man’s house. Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few saucers, a kettle , cups, pans , and a couple of jars. Mukap built a fire outside and laid stones on it to heat. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau, ripe corn, and greens. He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. It smelled delicious. We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire. I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language, even though I could not participate much in the conversation. Luckily, Tombe interpreted for us. Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. After a while, Tombe threw it out of the doorway. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night, so any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 课文译文 丛林中的志愿工作 3月8日 我刚刚收到家里寄的包裹了！虽然这个包裹差不多两星期才到，还略有损坏，不过能收到从家寄来的一些糖果和果酱简直太棒了！我已经馋了好久这些最爱的糖果，而且，收到邮包从来都是让人开心的事啊！ 就这样，现在我在丛林里待了快一个月了。我所在的这所中学是一所灌木丛学校——教室是用竹子建的，地板是黏土做的，屋顶是用草做的。我沿着一条尘土飞扬、长满杂草的小路仅仅步行几分钟就到学校了。当我到达学校的时候，迎接我的是男孩子们一片“早上好”的问候。这些男孩跟我们国家的学生不一样，他们不穿棉质校服，许多人还得走很长的路，有时长达两个小时，才能抵达学校。 没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有课本，更别提笔记本电脑、平板电脑或者别的现代化设备！学生们有的只是铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件，在教学中不得不充分发挥想象力。科学是最有挑战性的科目，因为我的学生们压根没有做实验的概念。没有设备，甚至没有洗手间，因此，我如果需要水的话，还得从家里用盆带过来。不固守规则在这儿也很重要。前几天，我正在给男孩们演示化学实验，突然，不知怎么回事，混合物从试管里冒泡溢出来，溅得到处都是！男孩们之前从未碰上此种情形，开始从窗户跳出去，课堂变成了马戏团。有时我想，化学对这些学生有多大意义——他们中很少有人会成为化学家——而且大多数学生八年级后就会回到村庄了。老实说，我怀疑自己是否会给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。 4月17日 上周末，我头一次去一个偏远的村庄，我们的一个学生汤贝的家就在那里。我和另一位老师步行两个半小时才到那里——首先，我们爬到了山上，从那儿欣赏到了极美的景色，然后沿着一条林荫小路走到下边的山谷。当我们到达村庄的时候，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看到我们走来，开始大喊“嗳矣嗳矣”。我们和村民挨个握了手。（村里）每个人好像都是汤贝的什么亲戚。 汤贝的父亲莫卡普长着一副结实的下巴，额头布满皱纹。他把我们带到他家，那是一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，只有一扇勉强能通过的门。草从屋顶探出来，表明这是一间人（住）的房子。这种房子里面很暗，所以我们的眼睛过了一会儿才适应。地上铺满新鲜的草，还有让我和珍妮睡觉的台子。小屋中央放着壁炉，放眼望去，我看到屋里的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶、几只杯子、几个平底锅，还有几个罐子。 莫卡普在外面生了堆火，在上面放了些石头加热，然后把热石头放进装着红薯、成熟的玉米和青菜的油桶里。接着，他用香蕉叶盖上蔬菜，等着它们蒸熟，这闻起来很美味。我们在小屋里围着火吃饭。尽管我不太能参与他们的交谈，但我喜欢听这一家人彼此用他们的语言轻声交谈。幸运的是，汤贝为我们翻译。 后来，我注意到炉火上方的烤架上倒放着一个罐子。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔到了门外。他告诉我把罐子烤热是为了烘干剩饭。他的家人认为，剩饭会在晚上引来恶鬼，所以所有剩饭都要放进罐子里烘干，然后把罐子扔出小屋。 第二天早上，一遍遍的道别和有力的握手之后，我们离开了村子。当我们费力地走下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。那天晚上我带着愉快的心情入睡了。和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语言点 Reading and Thinking Page38, 39 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page38指课本第38页。相关类似) (粗体使用说明：粗体为重点记忆部分。) (Ⅰ.常用简洁短语。Ⅱ.重要语言点。Ⅲ.练习答案。Ⅳ. 课文汉语译文) Ⅰ.常用简洁短语 1.It takes/ took s.t to do sth 花费…做某事8 March, Para1, Line1, Page38 2.be dying to do 渴望做某事Para1, Line2 3.be made of 由…制成Para2, Line2 4.a chorus of齐声；异口同声Para2, Line5 5.up to two hours 多达长达两小时Para2, Line8 6.not to mention 更不用说Para3, Line1 7.adapt to 适应Para3, Line3 8.be rigid about 对…严格，固执Para3, Line6 9.the other day 前几天Para3, Line6 10.come across 遇到，偶遇Para3, Line8 11.to be honest 实话说Para3, Line10 12.make a difference to对…有影响Para3, Line11 13.be related to 和…相关17 April, Para1, Line5 14.a couple of 几个17 April, Para2, Line9, Page39 15.build a fire生火Para3, Line1 16.participate in 参与Para3, Line5 17.notice…doing 注意…做某事Para4, Line1 18.dry out /dry up烤干Para4, Line2, Line3 Ⅱ.重点语言点 8 March, Para1, Line2, Page38 I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail! 我已经馋了好久这些最爱的糖果，而且，收到邮包从来都是让人开心的事啊！ (1).die v. dead adj. deadly adj, adv. death n. 其中“deadly” 作adj. 意思是“致命的；极其危险的；非常严重的”。作adv. 极其;非常; He has a deadly expression on his face. (deadly, adj.) 他的脸上有一种冷酷无情的表情。 He is deadly serious about his career. (deadly, adv.) 他对自己的职业非常认真。 (2).be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事 She’s dying to meet her new colleagues. 她非常渴望见到她的新同事。 I am always thirsty for new knowledge and eager to learn more about the world. 我总是渴望新知识，热切希望了解更多关于这个世界的信息。 (3).拓展be eager to do渴望做某事. long to do渴望做某事. be dying to do sth. =be eager to do sth.= long to sth. =be dying/thirsty/hungry/for sth. They were eager to raise more children. 他们渴望养育更多的孩子。 Is that a world you long to see? 那是一个你渴望看到的世界吗? 单句填空 ①The article discusses the impact of smoking on the (die)rate. 完成句子 ②Hearing the news, she was dying _________ (concentrate) her husband on passing the driving test. ③The staff are dying ______ a chance to go to the shore annually. ④The child can’t wait to return to school because he is thirsty ___ knowledge. 8 March, Para3, Line6, Page38 The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 几天前,我正在给男孩子们演示一个化学实验, 突然,我还没明白怎么回事,混合剂就冒着气泡溢出了试管,洒得到处都是! be doing…when…正在做……就在这时(突然)…… 句式点拨 be doing…when…意为“正在做……就在这时(突然)……”。when是并列连词,意为“就在这时(突然)”,相当于and then 或and at that time。 归纳拓展 (1)be about to do…when…正要做……这时…… (2)be on the point of doing…when…正要做……这时…… (3)had (just) done…when…刚刚做完……这时…… (4)be going to do…when…正要做……这时…… 单句填空 ①We 　　　　　　　(talk) when he suddenly took his jacket and ran away.  ②I was about 　　　　　　　(leave) when the telephone rang.  ③An agreement was on the point of being reached 　　　　the other side raised new issues.  完成句子 ④My family 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the house started shaking and we heard a loud noise.   房子开始晃的时候我家才刚刚吃完早饭,然后我们就听到了一声巨响。 ⑤Tom 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he heard a knock at the door.  汤姆正坐在炉火边,这时他听到了敲门声。 8 March, Para3, Line9, Page38 Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students—few will ever become chemists—and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. 有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些学生究竟有多大用处，很少有人会成为化学家，并且他们中的大多数人学完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。 (1) relevant adj.相关的,切题的;适当的,恰当的 relevance n.相关性；切题性。 Please provide relevant information for the report.请为报告提供相关信息。 The relevance of this study to our project is still unclear.这项研究与我们项目的相关性仍然不清楚。 (2).be relevant to和…有关 have (no) relevance to 和…无/有关 The film has relevance to what is being discussed in class. 这部电影与课堂上正在讨论的事情有关。 完成句子/语法填空 ① Can you tell me how it is relevant this discussion? ② The film has _________ (relevant) to what is being discussed in class. ③ His comments the discussion.他的评论与讨论无关。 8 March, Para3, Line11, Page38 To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. 老实说，我怀疑自己是否会给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。 make a difference to对…有影响 make all the difference产生极大的影响；成为决定性因素。 make a/ no/ some difference to...　 对…有/没有/一些影响 One more person wouldn’t make any difference to the arrangements. 多一个人对安排不会有影响。 Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 转学对我的一生有着重大影响。 This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. 这种方法从来没让我失望,我的人生因此变得完全不同。 完成句子/单句填空 1. It makes no difference _________ me whether you come or not. ② A few kind words at the right time make all the __________ (different). ③ whether you come or not.你来不来对我来说没有影响。 ④A positive attitude can in your success.积极的态度可以成为你成功的关键。 Keys:①to ②difference ③It makes no difference to me ④make all the difference 17 April, Para1, Line3, Page38 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. 我和另外一个老师走了两个半小时才到了那儿——首先,我们爬上一座山,在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景,然后又沿着一条阴凉的小路走到下面的山谷。 shade　vt.给……遮挡(光线);加灯罩;把……涂暗 n.阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部分 (1)shade…from/against…　　给……遮挡…… (2)in the shade 在阴凉处 (3)shaded adj. 有阴影的,颜色较深的,加深的 The ancient oak tree, with its branches outstretched in all directions, provided shade for weary travellers. 古老的橡树向四面八方伸展的树枝为疲惫的旅人提供了阴凉。 单句填空 ①Because they weren’t getting enough energy to support their growth, most of the 　　　　(shade) plants died after a short time.  ②Tom put his hands over his eyes to shade them 　　　　the bright sun.  完成句子 ③He had a most wonderful and idle Saturday, 　　　　　　　　　　　and enjoying the gifts that his friends gave him.  他度过了一个非常愉快而悠闲的周六,坐在树荫下享受着朋友们送给他的礼物。 ④I had to stop my car at the traffic lights and put down the sun visor   　　.  我不得不在红绿灯处停车,然后放下遮阳板来给眼睛遮挡阳光。 17 April, Para1, Line3, Page38 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views, and then down a shaded path to the valley below. 我和另外一个老师走了两个半小时才到了那儿——首先,我们爬上一座山,在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景,然后又沿着一条阴凉的小路走到下面的山谷。 from where…从那里……(定语从句) 句式点拨 句中from where…是“from+关系副词”引导的定语从句,相当于and from there…。此外,在定语从句中since后也可以接关系副词when,相当于and since then。 单句填空 ①His head soon appeared out of the window, from 　　　　he saw nothing but trees.  ②I have bought that house, and 　　　　there I can enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.  ③My cousin graduated from Zhejiang Normal University in 2008, since 　　　　he has worked as a teacher in a middle school.  完成句子/句式改写 ④Out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain,  　　　 　 　　　.  我们气喘吁吁地到达山顶,从那里看到的景色让我们惊叹不已。(读后续写之环境描写) ⑤She climbed up to the top of the hill, and from there she could have a good view of the whole town. →She climbed up to the top of the hill, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the whole town.(用定语从句改写)  17 April, Para1, Line5, Page38 Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe. （村里）每个人好像都是汤贝的什么亲戚。 (1). relate vt. 与……有关;涉及;联系;把…联系起来;使有联系;叙述 related adj.相关的；有联系的 relative n. adj.亲戚（名词）；相对的（形容词）。 relatively‌ adv.相对地；相当 relation n.关系；联系。 relationship n.关系；联系。 They discussed related topics in the meeting.他们在会议中讨论了相关话题。 The relation between the two countries has improved.两国之间的关系有所改善。 A good relationship is built on trust.良好的关系建立在信任之上。 She is my closest relative.她是我的最近亲属。 The problem is relative to the economic situation.这个问题与经济形势有关。 (2).常用搭配 relate to sb./sth.：与……有关；涉及。 relate with sb.：与……相处。 be related to：与……有联系；与……有关。 in relation to：关于；涉及。 The research relates to climate change.这项研究涉及气候变化。 His illness is related to his poor diet.他的疾病与他的不良饮食有关。 They discussed the issue in relation to the new policy.他们讨论了与新政策有关的问题。 (3).特别提示：“relevant” 和 “relate” 的联系. 虽然 “relevant” 和 “relate” 在语义上有相似之处，但它们的词源不同：relevant 来自拉丁语 “relevare”，意为“提起”或“提高”，后来引申为“相关的”。relate 来自拉丁语 “relatus”，意为“带回去”或“叙述”，后来引申为“使……有联系”或“讲述”。因词源不同，不可相互转化。 完成句子/语法填空 ①A good is built on mutual respect and understanding.良好的关系建立在相互尊重和理解之上。 ②I found the test easy.我觉得这次考试相对简单‌ ③I don’t think what he said the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. 我觉得他说的和我们正在讨论的话题不相关。他已经跑题了。 ④The film what is being discussed in class. (使用relevance) 这部电影与课堂上正在讨论的事情有关。 17 April, Para5, Line2, Page39 My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.当我们拖着身子下山往家走的时候,我的肌肉发痛,膝盖发抖。 drag　(dragged, dragged) vt.拖;拽 vt. & vi.缓慢而费力地移动 drag by 过得很慢;拖沓地进行 drag…away 将……拉走;将……硬拖走 drag…out of… 把……从……中拖出来 drag sb into sth 把某人卷入某事中 drag oneself along (慢吞吞地)拖着脚走 drag one’s heels/feet 故意延迟(做出决定);故意拖拉 I was so tired that morning that the alarm clock went off for ten minutes before I managed to drag myself out of bed.那天早上我太累了,闹钟响了十分钟,我才勉强从床上爬起来。 单句填空 ①[2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷] Clutching(抓牢) the baby to his chest and 　　　　　　(drag) the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway.  ②Tom opened the car door, 　　　　　　(drag) the driver out and sent him to the police station.  ③Don’t drag me 　　　　your argument! It has nothing to do with me.  完成句子 ④[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] At the sound of the signal gunshot, runners shot out like bullets, except David. He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, step by step. 信号枪声一响,除了戴维,其他的赛跑者都像子弹一样飞奔而出。他吃力地拖着双腿,一步一步地走着。 (读后续写之动作描写) ⑤ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Jenny went through her usual morning routine. She hurriedly got dressed, grabbed her backpack, and rushed to the kitchen for breakfast. 珍妮挣扎着从床上爬起来,完成了早晨的例行工作。她匆忙地穿好衣服,抓起背包,冲到厨房去吃早饭。 (读后续写之动作描写) 17 April, Para5, Line3, Page39 It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 和汤贝一家人度过了一天,真是荣幸。 privilege　n.特权;优惠待遇 v.给予特权;特别优待 (1)It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。 have the privilege to do/of doing sth有特权做某事 (2)privileged adj.有特权的;受特别优待的 be/feel privileged to do sth有幸做某事 I feel really privileged to have witnessed an ancient tradition performed by the last of the Dashuhua masters.我十分有幸能欣赏到最后一批打树花大师所表演的这项古老传统。 单句填空 ①The data is 　　　　　　(privilege) information, not to be shared with the general public.  ②The members of the club have the privilege 　　　　　　(buy) the football ticket at special rates.  ③We regard it as 　　　　privilege to be able to serve our customers and provide them with the best products and services.  完成句子/一句多译 ④I’m so glad that you are interested in Chinese culture.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to introduce Chinese 24 solar terms to you.  我很高兴你对中国文化感兴趣。能向你介绍中国的24节气是我的荣幸。(应用文写作之传统文化) ⑤被邀请到这里来给你们做讲座是我莫大的荣幸,你们会发现这个讲座对提高你们的沟通技能很有帮助。 → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills. (privilege n.)  → 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, which you will find very helpful to improve your communication skills. (privileged adj.)  Exercise2, Line10, Page40 One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resigned from my job. 我的一个梦想是在我辞去工作后去非洲工作，继续帮助残疾人。 resign v.辞职；放弃（职位、权利等）；接受（不愉快的事实）。 resign from：辞职（某职位）。 resigned from the job辞去工作 resign oneself to：接受（不愉快的事实） resign one’s position/post 辞去职务 Mr Robb resigned his position last month. 罗布先生上个月辞职了。 To his surprise, his opponent decided to resign as a manager.令他吃惊的是，他的对手决定辞去经理一职。 He has resigned himself to the fact that he will lose the job. 他已经接受他将要失去这份工作的现实。 He decided to resign from his job because he couldn’t bear the pressure. 他决定辞职，因为他无法承受压力。 单句填空 ① As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends __________ (resign) from the company. ② We have to resign _________ (we) to making a loss on the sale. 完成句子 ③ He (辞去他的职务) because he had been offered a better job. ④She (接受)the fact that she would never be a professional singer. 她接受了自己永远无法成为专业歌手的事实。 Exercise2, Line10, Page40 I think everyone deserves the right to be happy. 我认为每个人都应该有权利得到幸福。 deserve　vt.值得;应得;应受 (1)deserve sth 值得/应得某物 deserve to do sth 值得/应该做某事 deserve doing/to be done 值得被…… (2)deserved adj. 应得的;值得的;理所当然的 提示: deserve后接doing,用主动形式表示被动意义,等于后接不定式的被动式。有相同用法的动词还有:need,want,require等。 单句填空 ①When the plot was disclosed, they got the 　　　　　　(deserve) punishment.   ②The teacher believes that every student’s effort deserves 　 (recognize), no matter how small it may seem. ③Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves 　　　　　　　　　　(reread) today.   ④[2022·浙江6月考应用文写作] The self-study room does 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, so please accept my sincere invitation.(应用文写作之邀请信)   自习室确实值得体验,所以请接受我真诚的邀请。 ⑤[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷读后续写] Although a little surprised, I knew that I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. I had made every effort to make my writing perfect. 虽然有点惊讶,但我知道这是我应得的奖励。我已经竭尽全力使我的写作完美无瑕。  Ⅲ.练习答案。 8 March, Para1, Line2, Page38 Keys:①death Keys:②to concentrate ③for ④for 8 March, Para3, Line6, Page38 Keys:①were talking　②to leave　③when　 Keys:④had just finished breakfast when　⑤was sitting near the fire when 8 March, Para3, Line9, Page38 Keys:①to ②relevant ③were not relevant to 8 March, Para3, Line11, Page38 Keys:①to ②difference ③It makes no difference to me ④make all the difference 17 April, Para1, Line3, Page38 Keys:①shaded　②from/against　 Keys:③sitting in/under the shade (of a tree)　④to shade my eyes from/against the sunlight 17 April, Para1, Line3, Page38 Keys:①where　②from　③when　 Keys:④from where the view took our breath away　⑤from where she could have a good view of 17 April, Para1, Line5, Page38 Keys:①relationship ②relatively ③is related to ④has relevance to 17 April, Para5, Line2, Page39 Keys:①dragging　②dragged　③into　 Keys:④dragged his legs with great efforts　⑤Dragging herself out of bed 17 April, Para5, Line3, Page39 Keys:①privileged　②to buy　③a　 Keys:④It’s my privilege/It is a privilege for me　⑤It is a great privilege for me to be invited here to give you the lecture; I am greatly privileged to be invited here to give you the lecture Exercise2, Line10, Page40 Keys:①to resign ②ourselves Keys:③resigned his position/post ④resigned herself to Exercise2, Line10, Page40 Keys:①deserved　②recognition/recognizing/to be recognized ③to be reread/rereading　 Keys:④deserve experiencing/to be experienced　⑤deserved the prize Ⅳ. 课文汉语译文 丛林中的志愿工作 3月8日 我刚刚收到家里寄的包裹了！虽然这个包裹差不多两星期才到，还略有损坏，不过能收到从家寄来的一些糖果和果酱简直太棒了！我已经馋了好久这些最爱的糖果，而且，收到邮包从来都是让人开心的事啊！ 就这样，现在我在丛林里待了快一个月了。我所在的这所中学是一所灌木丛学校——教室是用竹子建的，地板是黏土做的，屋顶是用草做的。我沿着一条尘土飞扬、长满杂草的小路仅仅步行几分钟就到学校了。当我到达学校的时候，迎接我的是男孩子们一片“早上好”的问候。这些男孩跟我们国家的学生不一样，他们不穿棉质校服，许多人还得走很长的路，有时长达两个小时，才能抵达学校。 没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有课本，更别提笔记本电脑、平板电脑或者别的现代化设备！学生们有的只是铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件，在教学中不得不充分发挥想象力。科学是最有挑战性的科目，因为我的学生们压根没有做实验的概念。没有设备，甚至没有洗手间，因此，我如果需要水的话，还得从家里用盆带过来。不固守规则在这儿也很重要。前几天，我正在给男孩们演示化学实验，突然，不知怎么回事，混合物从试管里冒泡溢出来，溅得到处都是！男孩们之前从未碰上此种情形，开始从窗户跳出去，课堂变成了马戏团。有时我想，化学对这些学生有多大意义——他们中很少有人会成为化学家——而且大多数学生八年级后就会回到村庄了。老实说，我怀疑自己是否会给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。 4月17日 上周末，我头一次去一个偏远的村庄，我们的一个学生汤贝的家就在那里。我和另一位老师步行两个半小时才到那里——首先，我们爬到了山上，从那儿欣赏到了极美的景色，然后沿着一条林荫小路走到下边的山谷。当我们到达村庄的时候，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看到我们走来，开始大喊“嗳矣嗳矣”。我们和村民挨个握了手。（村里）每个人好像都是汤贝的什么亲戚。 汤贝的父亲莫卡普长着一副结实的下巴，额头布满皱纹。他把我们带到他家，那是一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，只有一扇勉强能通过的门。草从屋顶探出来，表明这是一间人（住）的房子。这种房子里面很暗，所以我们的眼睛过了一会儿才适应。地上铺满新鲜的草，还有让我和珍妮睡觉的台子。小屋中央放着壁炉，放眼望去，我看到屋里的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶、几只杯子、几个平底锅，还有几个罐子。 莫卡普在外面生了堆火，在上面放了些石头加热，然后把热石头放进装着红薯、成熟的玉米和青菜的油桶里。接着，他用香蕉叶盖上蔬菜，等着它们蒸熟，这闻起来很美味。我们在小屋里围着火吃饭。尽管我不太能参与他们的交谈，但我喜欢听这一家人彼此用他们的语言轻声交谈。幸运的是，汤贝为我们翻译。 后来，我注意到炉火上方的烤架上倒放着一个罐子。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔到了门外。他告诉我把罐子烤热是为了烘干剩饭。他的家人认为，剩饭会在晚上引来恶鬼，所以所有剩饭都要放进罐子里烘干，然后把罐子扔出小屋。 第二天早上，一遍遍的道别和有力的握手之后，我们离开了村子。当我们费力地走下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。那天晚上我带着愉快的心情入睡了。和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$