2025届高考英语语法填空(6篇)主题Archaeology 课件

Archaeology 2025年完胜高考语法填空 (6篇) Pauline An archaeologist is a kind of science detective. By studying objects from the past, an archaeologist can find clues about 1._______ life was like long ago. Bring the Past to the Present what 一 An archaeologist can learn about the food people ate and the utensils they used to eat with. An archaeologist can learn from the weapons, art, and tools a people left behind. These objects help archaeologists figure out what a group’s customs and 2._______(belief) were and if they were superstitious, holding unreasonable fears. They can help an archaeologist determine the civilized, or advanced group, versus the primitive. beliefs Gathering Information Archaeologists excavate in places where long-ago people once lived. Digging to uncover these places is exacting work. First, the scientists take surveys and make maps of the site. They dig long trenches around tombs or buildings. They try not to disturb any evidence 3.________(bury) in the earth. buried Archaeologists work carefully and steadfastly for long hours to recover small objects. With patient determination, they often use 4.____________(paintbrush) to clean dirt off pieces of pottery or other delicate things. As an item is uncovered, the archaeologists photograph it and describe it. paintbrushes Understanding the Findings Archaeologists follow several steps to learn from what they find. First, they sort the items and look for patterns. Then they determine how old something is, a process known 5._______ dating. Besides the exact age of an object, the scientists want to know how old something is in relation to other things. Did a certain object precede others that were found, 6.______ did it come after? 7._______(final), archaeologists try to answer these questions: How did this culture develop? When and why did it change? as or Finally A Big Job Work at a dig takes many years. One reason is that most archaeologists have jobs in museums or as teachers. Bad weather can also prolong the time it takes 8.___________(excavate). Then, too, some archaeological sites are underwater or beneath existing cities. Archaeologists have 9.______ big job in 10.________(bring) the past to the present! to excavate a bringing A Strange Discovery Lintong County, People’s Republic of China, March 1974 It’s just an ordinary day in early spring, or so three farmers think as they trudge across a field in northern China. They are looking for a good place to dig a well. There has been 1.____ drought, and they must find water 2.______ risk losing their crops later in the year. Emperors Silentarmy The Terracotta Warriors of Ancient China a 二 or The farmers choose a spot near a grove of persimmon trees. Down they dig, five feet, ten feet. Still no water. They decide to keep on 3.________(dig) a little deeper. All of a sudden, one of the farmers feels his shovel strike against something hard. Is it a rock? It’s difficult to see at the bottom of the dark hole, so the farmer kneels down for a 4.________(close) look. No, it isn’t a rock. It seems to be clay, and not raw clay but clay that has been baked and made into something. But what? digging closer Now, more carefully, the men dig around the something. Perhaps it is a pot or a vase. However, what slowly reveals 5._______(it) is the pottery head of a man who stares back at them, open-eyed and 6.__________(amazing) real looking. The farmers have never seen anything like it before. But they do remember stories that some of the old people in their village have told, stories of a “pottery man” 7.______(find) many years ago not far from where they are now. The villagers had been scared that the pottery man would bring bad luck so they broke it to bits, 8.________ were then reburied and forgotten. itself amazingly found which The three well-diggers are not so superstitious. They report their discovery 9.______ a local official. Soon a group of archeologists arrives to search the area more closely. Maybe they will find pieces of a clay body to go with the clay head. In fact, they find much more. to During the weeks and months that follow, the archeologists dig out more pottery men, which now are called by a more dignified term—terracotta figurines. The figurines are soldiers. That much is clear. But they come from a time long ago, when Chinese warriors 10.________(wear) knee-length robes, armor made from small iron “fish scales,” and elaborate topknot hairdos. wore All of the soldiers are life-size or a little bigger and weigh as much as four hundred pounds. They stand at attention as if 1.________(wait) for the command to charge into battle. The only thing missing is their weapons. And those are found too— hundreds of real bronze swords, daggers, and battle-axes as well as thousands of scattered arrowheads—all so perfectly made that, after cleaning, their ancient tips are still sharp enough to split a hair! waiting 三 Today, after years of work, terracotta soldiers are still being uncovered and restored. What the well-diggers stumbled upon, 2.________(pure) by accident, has turned out to be among the largest and most incredible archeological 3.__________(discovery) of modern times. Along with the Great Pyramids in Egypt, the buried army is now considered one of the true wonders of the ancient world. purely discoveries Spread out over several acres near the city of Xi’an, the soldiers number not in tens or hundreds but in the thousands! Probably 7,500 total. Until 1974, nobody knew that right below the people of northern China an enormous underground army has been standing guard, silently 4.______ watchfully, for more than 2,200 years. Who put them there? One man. 5.______(know) as the fierce tiger of Qin, the divine Son of Heaven, he was the first emperor of China. and Known Before the time of Qin Shihuang (pronounced chin shir-hwong), 6._______ lived from 259 to 210 B.C., there was no China. 7.________, there were seven separate kingdoms, each with its own language, currency, and ruler. For hundreds of years they had been fighting one another. The Quest for mmoraity who Instead The kingdom of Qin was the fiercest; soldiers received their pay only after they had presented their generals with the cut-off heads of enemy warriors. By 221 B.C. the ruler of the Qin kingdom had “eaten up his neighbors like a silkworm devouring a leaf,” according to 8.______ ancient historian. The name China comes from Qin. an The king of Qin now ruled over an immense empire—around one million square miles that stretched north and west to the Gobi desert, south to present-day Vietnam, and east to the Yellow Sea. To the people of the time, this was the entire civilized world. Not for another hundred years would the Chinese know that empires existed beyond their boundaries. To the ruler of Qin, being called king was no longer grand enough. He wanted a title that no one else had ever had before. What he 9._______(choose) was Qin Shihuang. This 10._______(mean) “first emperor, God in Heaven, and Almighty of the Universe” all rolled into one. chose means But no title, however superhuman it sounded, could protect him from what he feared most—dying. More than anything, the emperor wanted to live forever. According to legend, a magic elixir had granted eternal life to the people of the mythical Eastern Islands. Over the years, the emperor sent expeditions out to sea 1.______ search of the islands and the magic potion. But each time they came back empty-handed. in 四 If he couldn’t live forever, then Qin Shihuang was determined 2._______(live) as long as possible. He ate powdered jade and drank mercury in the belief 3.______ they would prolong his life. In fact, these “medicines” were poison and may have caused the emperor to fall sick and die while on a tour of the easternmost outposts of his empire. He was forty-nine years old. to live that If word of Qin Shihuang’s death got out while he was away from the capital there might be a revolt. So his ministers kept the news 4.___ secret. With the emperor’s body inside his chariot, the entire party traveled back to the capital city. Meals 5.____________(bring) into the emperor’s chariot; daily 6.________(report) on affairs of state were delivered as usual—all 7._________(keep) up the appearance that the emperor was alive and well. a were brought reports to keep However, it was summer, 8.______ a terrible smell began to come from the chariot. But the clever ministers found a way to account for the stench. A cart was loaded with 9._______(smell) salted fish and made to precede the chariot, overpowering and masking any foul odors 10._______(come) from the dead emperor. And so Qin Shihuang returned to the capital for burial. and smelly coming The tomb of Qin Shihuang had been under construction for more than thirty years. It was begun when he was a young boy 1.____ thirteen and was still not finished when he died. Even 2.__________(complete), the emperor’s tomb was enormous, larger than his largest palace. of 五 incomplete According to legend, it had a domed ceiling inlaid with clusters of pearls to represent the sun, moon, and stars. Below was a gigantic relief map of the world, made from bronze. Bronze hills and mountains rose up from the floor, with rivers of mercury 3._______(flow) into a mercury sea. Along the 4._______(bank) of the rivers were models of the emperor’s palaces and cities, all exact replicas of the real ones. flowing banks In ancient times, the Chinese believed that life after death was not so very different from life on earth. The soul of a dead person could continue to enjoy all the pleasures of everyday life. So people who were rich enough 5.___________(construct) elaborate underground tombs filled with silk robes, jewelry with precious stones, furniture, games, boats, chariots—everything the dead person could possibly need or want. constructed Qin Shihuang knew that grave robbers would try their best to loot the treasures in his tomb. So he had machines put inside the tomb that produced the rumble of thunder to scare off intruders, 6._______ mechanical crossbows at the entrance were set to fire arrows 7.____________(automatic) should anyone dare trespass. and automatically The emperor also made certain that the workers who carried 8._______(he) coffin into its final resting place never revealed its exact whereabouts. 9.______ the men worked their way back through the tunnels to the tomb’s entrance, a stone door came crashing down, and they 10.____________(leave) to die, sealed inside the tomb along with the body of the emperor. his As were left Even all these measures, however, were not enough to satisfy the emperor. And so, less than a mile from the tomb, in underground trenches, the terracotta warriors were stationed. Just as flesh-and-blood troops had protected him during his lifetime, the terracotta troops were there to protect their ruler 1.________ any enemy for all eternity. 六 against Inside the Emperor’s Tomb What exactly is the terracotta army guarding so steadfastly? What, besides the body of the dead emperor, is inside the tomb? The answer is that nobody knows. And 2.______ government of China has no plans at present to excavate and find out. the In ancient China it was the custom 3.________(build) a natural-looking hill on top of a person’s tomb. The more important a person was, the 4.________(big) the hill. Thousands of years of harsh weather have worn down the emperor’s mound; 5.__________(original) it was four hundred feet high, almost as high as the biggest of the three Great Pyramids in Egypt. to build bigger originally Like the ancient Egyptians, the ancient Chinese believed that the body of a dead person should be preserved as a “home” for the soul. However, the Chinese did not make a person’s body into a mummy. They believed that jade had magic powers, among them the ability to keep a dead body from decaying. In Chinese tombs from the first century B.C., 6.________(body) of noblemen and princesses have been found 7.________(wear) entire suits of jade. bodies wearing It is believed 8.________ Qin Shihuang is buried in just such a suit, the thousands of small tiles all beautifully carved and sewn together with gold thread. And over this jade burial outfit, his body is supposedly covered in a blanket of pearls. that As for all the things placed with the emperor, certainly they must be grand beyond imagining—silk robes embroidered with dragons, gem-encrusted crowns and jewelry, musical instruments, hand-carved furniture, lamps, beautiful dishes, 9.________(cook) pots, and golden utensils. Like the pharaohs of ancient Egypt, the first emperor would have made certain that he had everything he might possibly want in the afterlife. But 10._________ his tomb is excavated, what these treasures look like will remain a mystery. cooking unless $$