Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 人与自我：神秘事件（话题阅读精练）英语人教版九年级全一册

Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.神秘事件 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 281 介绍死海的地理位置、盐度成因、名称由来以及其作为旅游景点的特点等多方面内容。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 270 介绍了中国的四大高原，分别是青藏高原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原和云贵高原。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 299 介绍世界第二长河——亚马逊河。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 329 介绍济宁的湿地。 模拟演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 340 介绍了现代社会一大未解之谜——秘鲁的纳斯卡线条。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 300 介绍冰川的定义、种类、形成、对地球表面的影响、分布、与气候的关系及其潜在危险，并呼吁人们为减缓冰川因气候变化而融化采取行动。 Passage3 阅读还原 说明文 229 讲述联合国宣布2025年为冰川年，并设立首个世界冰川日，旨在提高人们对冰川重要性的认识。 Passage4 语法填空 记叙文 246 介绍太行山的相关传说、太行山发现化石的作用及该地区的景观等。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1. Truth will come to light sooner or later.（真相迟早会大白。） 2. Where there is mystery, there is curiosity.（哪里有神秘，哪里就有好奇心。） 3. The deeper the mystery, the stronger the desire to solve it.（谜团越深，解开它的欲望就越强。） 4. Mystery often conceals the truth.（神秘往往隐藏着真相。） 5. In the world of mystery, nothing is as it seems.（在神秘世界里，一切都并非表面所见。） 6. Unraveling a mystery is like a journey of discovery.（解开谜团就像一场发现之旅。） 7. A mystery unsolved is like a thorn in the heart.（未解开的谜团就像心中的一根刺。） 8. Mystery is the fuel that drives our quest for knowledge.（神秘是驱使我们追求知识的动力。） 9. Behind every great mystery lies a great truth.（每个重大的神秘事件背后都隐藏着一个重大的真相。） 10. The pursuit of mystery can lead to unexpected revelations.（对神秘事件的追寻可能会带来意想不到的发现。） 时文阅读 Passage A（介绍了死海的地理位置、盐度成因、名称由来） The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometres long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life—no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the shore, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 1．Where is the Dead Sea? A．In the Jordan Rift Valley in southeast Asia. B．In the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. C．In the Nile River Valley in northeast Africa. D．In the Amazon River Basin in south America. 2．Why is the Dead Sea so salty? A．Because it rains a lot there every year. B．Because a large amount of fresh water flows into it. C．Because of its special natural conditions like little rainfall and rapid evaporation. D．Because there are many salt-producing factories around it. 3．Why is the Dead Sea called “Dead Sea”? A．Because it has a very high salt concentration. B．Because it is very wide and long. C．Because no plants or animals can survive in it due to the high salt concentration. D．Because it is the lowest point on Earth’s land. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Swimming in the Dead Sea is tiring. B．The Dead Sea is a popular place for tourists. C．The salt in the Dead Sea is bad for people’s skin. D．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. Passage B（介绍中国的四大高原，分别是青藏高原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原和云贵高原。） Hey there! Let’s set off on an exciting journey to discover our country’s four major plateaus (高原)。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in southwest China is the largest plateau of the four. 1 With an average altitude (平均海拔) of over 4,000 meters, it is the highest plateau in the world and is known as the “roof of the world”. This plateau is the birthplace of many Chinese rivers and has over 1,000 lakes, with Qinghai Lake being the largest saltwater lake. In the north of China, we can find the Inner Mongolia Plateau. As the second largest plateau, it’s about 700,000 square kilometers. It lies mostly between 1,000 and 1,200 meters above sea level. The plateau is mostly flat (平坦的) and has wide grassland. 2 The Loess Plateau is the third largest plateau in our country. It rises between 1,000 and 2,000meters above sea level. The plateau was named after the yellowish soil (淡黄色土壤) that covers the area. 3 Through many studies, some Chinese scientists hold that it was carried by the north wind from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas over thousands of years. 4 It is mainly spread over the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. The plateau has a great difference in altitude, from 400 to 3,500 meters above sea level, and it goes down from the northwest to the southeast. The plateau is not flat. It has many mountains and valleys (山谷)。 5 Together, they make up the wonderful plateau sight of China. A．Which of the four major plateaus is the largest? B．These four plateaus each have their own beauty. C．It covers nearly a quarter of the national land area. D．You may wonder where the yellowish soil came from. E．However, you’ll also find some areas of the Gobi desert there. F．The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the smallest among the four major plateaus. 话题写作佳句积累 1. It was a dark and stormy night when something strange happened in the old house at the end of the street.在一个暴风雨的夜晚，街道尽头的老房子里发生了一件奇怪的事情。 2. People in the village have been talking about the mysterious lights that appear in the forest every midnight.村里的人一直在谈论每到午夜就会出现在森林里的神秘光芒。 3. No one could explain why the ancient painting in the museum always changed its expression when no one was watching.没有人能解释为什么博物馆里的那幅古画在无人注视时总是改变表情。 4. She felt a cold breeze behind her, even though all the windows and doors in the room were closed tightly.她感觉到背后有一阵冷风，尽管房间里所有的门窗都紧紧关闭着。 5. The strange noise coming from the basement sounded like a whisper, but when we went to check, there was nothing there.地下室传来的奇怪声音听起来像耳语，但当我们去查看时，那里什么也没有。 6. Some believe that the disappearance of the ship was caused by a sea monster, while others think it’s just a natural disaster.有些人认为轮船的消失是由于海怪造成的，而另一些人则认为这只是自然灾害。 7. What made the story even more mysterious was that all the clocks in the house stopped at exactly 3:17 that morning.那天早上，屋子里所有的钟都停在了确切的3点17分，这让故事变得更加神秘。 8. He tried to take a photo of the shadowy figure, but when he looked at the picture, there was nothing but an empty room.他试图拍下那个模糊身影的照片，但当他看照片时，只看到一个空荡荡的房间。 9. For years, the locals have avoided walking near the lake, saying that anyone who stays there after dark will hear strange voices calling their names.多年来，当地人一直避免在湖边行走，说任何人在天黑后留在那里都会听到奇怪的声音呼唤他们的名字。 10. Maybe one day we will find out the truth behind these mysterious events, but until then, they remain a puzzle for everyone.也许有一天我们会揭开这些神秘事件背后的真相，但在那之前，它们仍然是每个人心中的谜团。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2024·山东淄博·中考真题）The Amazon is one of the world’s longest rivers, second only to the Nile in Africa. Beginning from the Andes Mountains in Peru, the Amazon runs 4,000 miles eastward through Colombia and Brazil to the Atlantic Ocean. The river is usually about one to six miles wide. During the rainy season, it can be as much as 20 miles wide in some areas. It is also one of the deepest rivers, reaching 300 feet deep in a number of areas. The river is also important because it runs through the Amazon rain forest. Home to some of the planet’s most amazing and unusual binds, fish, insects, and animals, the Amazon rain forest has the most plant and animal species (种类) in the world. Brightly colored parrots, monkeys, and frogs live here. In the water, you’ll find pink dolphins. Some of the plants and trees in the rain forest have been used as medicines for thousands of years. The river became known as the Amazon during the mid-1500s. A Spanish (西班牙人) saw some women fighters along its lower banks and named the river after them. In Greek mythology (神话), the Amazons were a group of women who were very good at fighting. 1．Which country does the Amazon run through? A．Brazil. B．India. C．South Africa. D．France. 2．What does “Amazon” mean according to the last paragraph? A．A Spaniard. B．A long river. C．A rain forest. D．A woman fighter. 3．What can be the best title for the passage? A．The Amazon B．The Amazon Rain Forest C．The Animals in the Amazon D．The Story About the Amazon Passage 2 （2023·山东济宁·中考真题） 25 cities from 13 countries were named International Wetland City on November 10, 2022. Jining and 6 other Chinese cities were among them. With 32 wetland towns and 56 wetland villages, Jining has made great progress in protecting its environment, especially its lakes and wetlands. Weishan Lake International Welland Park lies in the south of Weishan County in Jining. It is the biggest meadow-type wetland (草甸湿地) in the world and is the only wetland park in Shandong province at the national level. Taibai Lake Wetland is known as “a pearl (珍珠) in the southwest of Shandong”. The lake is an excellent place for people to spend their free time. Visitors can enjoy nature by taking tour buses or boats in the area. With an area of more than 4,300 mu, Lotus Lake Wetland Park is a 4A level scenic spot (景点). Thanks to its beautiful environment and fresh air, the park is praised as “the backyard garden of the city”. Besides its natural beauty, people can also experience the traditional culture in the area. 1．How many Chinese cities were named International Wetland City?________ A．25. B．13. C．7. D．6. 2．Why is Weishan Lake International Wetland Park so valuable?________ A．It is the biggest wetland in the world. B．It lies in the south of Weishan County in Jining. C．It is the only wetland park in Shandong province. D．It is larger than any other meadow-type wetland. 3．Where should you go if you want to enjoy both nature and culture?________ A．Taibai Lake Wetland. B．Lotus Lake Wetland Park. C．Any wetland town or village. D．Weishan Lake International Wetland Park. 4．What does the passage mainly tell us about Jining?________ A．Its history. B．Its culture. C．Its wetlands. D．Its people. 模拟演练 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 The Nazca Lines in Peru (秘鲁) are huge mysterious pictures drawn on the ground. An area of about 170 square miles in the Nazca Desert in Southern Peru is 1 by simple pictures like birds, spiders and fish. Some of these pictures are nearly 200 meters wide. What’s so mysterious about these lines? Well, although most of them have a history of more than 2, 000 years, they were only, 2 in the 1930s. The reason for this is that the pictures only become 3 when they are seen from the air. So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people 4 what they were. Of course, this 5 the question: how did these pictures get there all those years ago? 6 could these people have made such drawings without the ability to fly? 7 did they have the ability to fly? Jim Woodman, a well-known explorer, suggested that the Nazca people could have 8 simple hot-air balloons and used them to produce the art. He even built a balloon using materials they would have had. However, his ideas didn’t 9 many people. Some people even guessed the lines might be the work of 10 ! After some wooden sticks were found in that area and were proved as 11 as the drawings, some scientists suggested that the Nazca people might have put these sticks in the ground to help them with the drawings. By placing the sticks in the correct 12 and connecting them with long ropes, the Nazca people could have drawn the lines to make the pictures. One scientist, Dr. Joe Nickell of the University of Kentucky, was so sure that this was the   13 that he decided to try and show how it could be done. Using only tools that were 14 for the Nazca people, he tried to draw a huge picture of a bird. With a few friends’ help, he 15 a perfect Nazca picture in a few hours and showed how these pictures probably got there. 1．A．made B．filled C．covered D．planted 2．A．reported B．posted C．received D．discovered 3．A．clear B．clean C．bright D．beautiful 4．A．created B．realized C．regarded D．suggested 5．A．came in B．got to C．led to D．turned in 6．A．What B．When C．Where D．how 7．A．Or B．And C．But D．Then 8．A．studied B．invented C．taken D．kept 9．A．surprise B．excite C．convince D．refuse 10．A．spiders B．birds C．animals D．aliens 11．A．old B．long C．big D．high 12．A．background B．positions C．standard D．environment 13．A．purpose B．article C．answer D．question 14．A．basic B．free . C．important D．available 15．A．produced B．reviewed C．searched D．printed Passage 2 We can see different kinds of wonderful things in nature. A glacier (冰川) is one of them. What’s a glacier? It is a large piece of ice. Glaciers are called “rivers of ice”. That’s because they move like very slow rivers. There are two main kinds of glaciers. One is a sheet (片) of ice that spreads over a large area of land. The other kind forms in mountains and moves down to valleys (山谷). Falling snow forms glaciers. In high mountains, snow falls and does not melt (融化). New snow falls on old snow. After many years, the snow becomes a little closer together. It turns into ice and over time into glaciers. Over time, a glacier becomes very heavy. This causes it to move. Glaciers change the Earth’s surface as they move. They shape mountains. They carry rocks and soil. When glaciers melt, they leave behind the rocks and soil. Most places with high mountains have glaciers. Glaciers cover one-tenth of the Earth’s land. Most of the Earth’s fresh water is stored in glaciers. Melted glacier water is used as drinking water in some places. Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. They also learn about the Earth’s climate (气候) long ago. When a glacier reaches the ocean, parts of it break off. These icebergs (冰山) can be bad for ships. Glaciers are dangerous for mountain climbers. Many glaciers have deep cracks (裂缝) that can open quickly. Scientists have realized glaciers have a close connection with the climate. They begin to melt because of the rising temperature. In order to stop the melting of glaciers caused by climate change, each of us should do something. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many kinds of glaciers are there in the world? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．What might a geography teacher say in his class? A．Mountains are mainly created by glaciers. B．Glaciers cover most parts of the Earth’s land. C．A small amount of water is stored in glaciers. D．Thousand-year-old glaciers carry climate information. 3．How does the writer organize Paragraph 3? A．By making comparison (比较). B．By giving spatial (空间的) order. C．By showing problems and solutions. D．By listing causes and effects. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 6? A．The problems glaciers cause for mountain climbers. B．The differences glaciers make to the Earth’s surface. C．The dangers that glaciers bring to people. D．A call to humans to act to protect glaciers. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To give readers information about glaciers. B．To show the importance of glaciers. C．To explain how humans influence glaciers. D．To describe good and bad sides of glaciers. Passage 3 The UN has announced 2025 as the year of glacier (冰川). It has also set March 21, 2025 as the first World Day for Glaciers. 1 Glaciers are made of ice and snow that slowly move over land. Over time, layers (层) of snow build up and turn into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains over Earth’s history. 2 But glaciers don’t just affect the land. When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养分) for lakes, rivers and oceans. 3 As glaciers melt, they also create homes for plants and animals along streams. 4 The UN said that about 10 percent of the world’s land is covered by around 200,000 glaciers, storing about 70 percent of Earth’s fresh water. In places like the Himalayas, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains, millions of people depend on glaciers for water. These glaciers feed big rivers like the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra. 5 Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90 percent of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 to 4℃, glaciers could lose much of them by 2100. If snow and ice in mountain areas continue to disappear, there will be less water for drinking and farming and more pressure on local ecosystems. Floods will also be more dangerous because of growing glacial lakes. A．They are still moving and changing landscapes in many places today. B．The goal is to encourage everyone to help protect glaciers, which are important for life in the future. C．In some areas, glaciers are important water sources for people and wildlife. D．These nutrients help create the base of the food chain in oceans and rivers. E．Most of the world’s glaciers are in the polar regions (极地地区). F．However, climate change is causing serious problems to glaciers. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个或两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two 1 (mountain). The Taihang Mountain passes through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is about 400 kilometers 2 (length). It is one of the largest mountain ranges in North China, and it was called “the backbone (脊梁) 3 China” in ancient times. Many legends about the very beginning of human civilization (文明) come from the Taihang area. For example, Hou Yi protected 4 (he) hometown by shooting the suns; Nv Wa used stones 5 (repair) the sky to make sure that humans would have a 6 (good) future; Yandi, one of 7 (early) Chinese emperors, tried large numbers of herbs (草药) and 8 (teach) people how to use them to treat diseases. The Taihang Mountain is not only where the ancient stories happened, but also 9 important place where tens of thousands of fossils (化石) were found. These fossils show how the earth has changed over time. At the same time, we can also learn valuable information about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area. Nowadays, there are natural forests around the area with 10 (beauty) colors in four seasons. If you need a trip that helps you learn different things about history, culture and other knowledge, the Taihang Mountain is a great choice for you. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.神秘事件 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 记叙文 281 介绍死海的地理位置、盐度成因、名称由来以及其作为旅游景点的特点等多方面内容。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 270 介绍了中国的四大高原，分别是青藏高原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原和云贵高原。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 299 介绍世界第二长河——亚马逊河。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 329 介绍济宁的湿地。 模拟演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 340 介绍了现代社会一大未解之谜——秘鲁的纳斯卡线条。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 300 介绍冰川的定义、种类、形成、对地球表面的影响、分布、与气候的关系及其潜在危险，并呼吁人们为减缓冰川因气候变化而融化采取行动。 Passage3 阅读还原 说明文 229 讲述联合国宣布2025年为冰川年，并设立首个世界冰川日，旨在提高人们对冰川重要性的认识。 Passage4 语法填空 记叙文 246 介绍太行山的相关传说、太行山发现化石的作用及该地区的景观等。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1. Truth will come to light sooner or later.（真相迟早会大白。） 2. Where there is mystery, there is curiosity.（哪里有神秘，哪里就有好奇心。） 3. The deeper the mystery, the stronger the desire to solve it.（谜团越深，解开它的欲望就越强。） 4. Mystery often conceals the truth.（神秘往往隐藏着真相。） 5. In the world of mystery, nothing is as it seems.（在神秘世界里，一切都并非表面所见。） 6. Unraveling a mystery is like a journey of discovery.（解开谜团就像一场发现之旅。） 7. A mystery unsolved is like a thorn in the heart.（未解开的谜团就像心中的一根刺。） 8. Mystery is the fuel that drives our quest for knowledge.（神秘是驱使我们追求知识的动力。） 9. Behind every great mystery lies a great truth.（每个重大的神秘事件背后都隐藏着一个重大的真相。） 10. The pursuit of mystery can lead to unexpected revelations.（对神秘事件的追寻可能会带来意想不到的发现。） 时文阅读 Passage A（介绍了死海的地理位置、盐度成因、名称由来） The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometres long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life—no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the shore, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 1．Where is the Dead Sea? A．In the Jordan Rift Valley in southeast Asia. B．In the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. C．In the Nile River Valley in northeast Africa. D．In the Amazon River Basin in south America. 2．Why is the Dead Sea so salty? A．Because it rains a lot there every year. B．Because a large amount of fresh water flows into it. C．Because of its special natural conditions like little rainfall and rapid evaporation. D．Because there are many salt-producing factories around it. 3．Why is the Dead Sea called “Dead Sea”? A．Because it has a very high salt concentration. B．Because it is very wide and long. C．Because no plants or animals can survive in it due to the high salt concentration. D．Because it is the lowest point on Earth’s land. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Swimming in the Dead Sea is tiring. B．The Dead Sea is a popular place for tourists. C．The salt in the Dead Sea is bad for people’s skin. D．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了死海的地理位置、盐度成因、名称由来以及其作为旅游景点的特点等多方面内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia.”可知，死海位于亚洲西南部的约旦裂谷中。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Dead Sea stays so salty due to its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall...And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly”可知，死海因特殊自然条件（降雨量少且蒸发快）导致盐度极高，因此也被称为 “盐海”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to survive there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea.”可知，因高盐度导致无生物存活而得名。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation…you’ll likely see many people floating in the water”可推断，死海是受欢迎的旅游地。故选B。 长难句解析 1、原句：What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. 译文：有趣的是，死海实际上并不是海。 分析：本句是主系表结构。What’s interesting是由what引导的主语从句，在句中作主语；is是系动词；that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea是由that引导的表语从句，作句子的表语。 2、原句：And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. 译文：而且死海周围炎热的天气会使淡水迅速蒸发，这使得含盐度更高了。 分析：本句是主从复合句。主句是the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate quickly，其中the hot weather around the Dead Sea是主语，around the Dead Sea是后置定语修饰weather，causes是谓语，the fresh water是宾语，to evaporate quickly是宾语补足语；which makes the salt concentration even higher是一个非限定性定语从句，由关系代词which引导，修饰前面整个主句内容。 译文 死海位于亚洲西南部的约旦裂谷。它大约长50公里，最宽处约15公里。它位于海平面以下约430米处，是地球陆地的最低点。 有趣的是，死海实际上并不是海。它是一个含盐度超过30%的湖泊，其含盐量大约是普通海水的八倍。这使它成为地球上含盐量最高的水域之一。 由于特殊的自然条件，死海的含盐量一直很高。每年，死海所在地区的降雨量极少，流入死海的淡水量也很少。而且死海周边炎热的天气会使淡水迅速蒸发，这使得死海的含盐量更高。出于这些原因，它也被称为盐海。 如果你在死海游泳，你看不到任何海洋生物——没有植物，也没有动物。高含盐量使它们无法在那里生存。这实际上就是它被称为死海的原因。 然而，不要被这个名字或没有海洋生物的情况吓到。即使你掉进死海且不会游泳，你也不会淹死。死海的高含盐量能让任何人轻松漂浮在水面上，无需使用救生圈。事实上，每年都有很多人到死海度假。如果你沿着岸边漫步，很可能会看到许多人漂浮在水面上，阅读书籍或杂志。 Passage B（介绍中国的四大高原，分别是青藏高原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原和云贵高原。） Hey there! Let’s set off on an exciting journey to discover our country’s four major plateaus (高原)。 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in southwest China is the largest plateau of the four. 1 With an average altitude (平均海拔) of over 4,000 meters, it is the highest plateau in the world and is known as the “roof of the world”. This plateau is the birthplace of many Chinese rivers and has over 1,000 lakes, with Qinghai Lake being the largest saltwater lake. In the north of China, we can find the Inner Mongolia Plateau. As the second largest plateau, it’s about 700,000 square kilometers. It lies mostly between 1,000 and 1,200 meters above sea level. The plateau is mostly flat (平坦的) and has wide grassland. 2 The Loess Plateau is the third largest plateau in our country. It rises between 1,000 and 2,000meters above sea level. The plateau was named after the yellowish soil (淡黄色土壤) that covers the area. 3 Through many studies, some Chinese scientists hold that it was carried by the north wind from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas over thousands of years. 4 It is mainly spread over the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. The plateau has a great difference in altitude, from 400 to 3,500 meters above sea level, and it goes down from the northwest to the southeast. The plateau is not flat. It has many mountains and valleys (山谷)。 5 Together, they make up the wonderful plateau sight of China. A．Which of the four major plateaus is the largest? B．These four plateaus each have their own beauty. C．It covers nearly a quarter of the national land area. D．You may wonder where the yellowish soil came from. E．However, you’ll also find some areas of the Gobi desert there. F．The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the smallest among the four major plateaus. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的四大高原，分别是青藏高原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原和云贵高原。 1．根据前文“The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in southwest China is the largest plateau of the four”可知，此处应该介绍青藏高原的面积，选项C表示“它覆盖了全国近四分之一的土地面积”，符合语境，故选C。 2．根据前文“The plateau is mostly flat and has wide grassland”可知，此处应该补充该高原的其它特征，选项E表示“然而，你也会在那里发现一些戈壁沙漠地区”，符合语境，故选E。 3．根据前文“The plateau was named after the yellowish soil that covers the area”以及后文“Through many studies…areas over thousands of years”可知，此处应该引出黄土高原的黄土来源问题，选项D表示“你可能会好奇这些淡黄色的土壤是从哪里来的”，符合语境，故选D。 4．根据后文“It is mainly spread over the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou”可知，此处应该介绍云贵高原的基本信息，选项F表示“云贵高原是四大高原中面积最小的高原”，符合语境，故选F。 5．根据前文对四大高原的描述以及后文“Together, they make up the wonderful plateau sight of China”可知，此处是总结四大高原，选项B表示“这四大高原各有其美”，符合语境，故选B。 长难句解析 1、原句：With an average altitude of over 4,000 meters, it is the highest plateau in the world and is known as the “roof of the world”. 译文：平均海拔超过4000米，它是世界上最高的高原，被誉为“世界屋脊”。 分析：本句是并列句，由and连接两个并列的谓语结构。With an average altitude of over 4,000 meters是with的复合结构作伴随状语，it是主语，is the highest plateau in the world和is known as the “roof of the world”是并列的谓语部分。 2、原句：Through many studies, some Chinese scientists hold that it was carried by the north wind from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas over thousands of years. 译文：通过许多研究，一些中国科学家认为，它是数千年来被北风从内蒙古高原和蒙古内陆地区吹来的。 分析：本句是主从复合句。Through many studies是方式状语，some Chinese scientists是主语，hold是谓语，that引导的从句作宾语，在这个宾语从句中，it是主语，was carried是谓语，by the north wind是动作的执行者，from the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Mongolian inland areas是地点状语，over thousands of years是时间状语。 译文 嘿！让我们开启一场激动人心的旅程，去探索我国的四大高原吧。 中国西南部的青藏高原是四大高原中最大的一个。它几乎占了全国陆地面积的四分之一。其平均海拔超过4000米，是世界上最高的高原，被誉为“世界屋脊”。这个高原是中国许多河流的发源地，有1000多个湖泊，其中青海湖是最大的咸水湖。 在中国北部，我们可以找到内蒙古高原。作为第二大高原，它面积约70万平方公里。其大部分地区海拔在1000到1200米之间。该高原大部分地区地势平坦，有广袤的草原。不过，在那里你也会发现一些戈壁沙漠地区。 黄土高原是我国第三大高原。它的海拔在1000到2000米之间。这个高原因覆盖该地区的淡黄色土壤而得名。你可能想知道这些淡黄色的土壤是从哪里来的。通过许多研究，一些中国科学家认为，它是数千年来被北风从内蒙古高原和蒙古内陆地区吹来的。 云贵高原是四大高原中最小的一个。它主要分布在云南和贵州两省。该高原的海拔差异很大，从海拔400米到3500米不等，并且从西北向东南逐渐降低。高原地势不平坦，有许多山脉和山谷。 这四大高原各有其独特的美。它们共同构成了中国壮丽的高原景观。 话题写作佳句积累 1. It was a dark and stormy night when something strange happened in the old house at the end of the street.在一个暴风雨的夜晚，街道尽头的老房子里发生了一件奇怪的事情。 2. People in the village have been talking about the mysterious lights that appear in the forest every midnight.村里的人一直在谈论每到午夜就会出现在森林里的神秘光芒。 3. No one could explain why the ancient painting in the museum always changed its expression when no one was watching.没有人能解释为什么博物馆里的那幅古画在无人注视时总是改变表情。 4. She felt a cold breeze behind her, even though all the windows and doors in the room were closed tightly.她感觉到背后有一阵冷风，尽管房间里所有的门窗都紧紧关闭着。 5. The strange noise coming from the basement sounded like a whisper, but when we went to check, there was nothing there.地下室传来的奇怪声音听起来像耳语，但当我们去查看时，那里什么也没有。 6. Some believe that the disappearance of the ship was caused by a sea monster, while others think it’s just a natural disaster.有些人认为轮船的消失是由于海怪造成的，而另一些人则认为这只是自然灾害。 7. What made the story even more mysterious was that all the clocks in the house stopped at exactly 3:17 that morning.那天早上，屋子里所有的钟都停在了确切的3点17分，这让故事变得更加神秘。 8. He tried to take a photo of the shadowy figure, but when he looked at the picture, there was nothing but an empty room.他试图拍下那个模糊身影的照片，但当他看照片时，只看到一个空荡荡的房间。 9. For years, the locals have avoided walking near the lake, saying that anyone who stays there after dark will hear strange voices calling their names.多年来，当地人一直避免在湖边行走，说任何人在天黑后留在那里都会听到奇怪的声音呼唤他们的名字。 10. Maybe one day we will find out the truth behind these mysterious events, but until then, they remain a puzzle for everyone.也许有一天我们会揭开这些神秘事件背后的真相，但在那之前，它们仍然是每个人心中的谜团。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2024·山东淄博·中考真题）The Amazon is one of the world’s longest rivers, second only to the Nile in Africa. Beginning from the Andes Mountains in Peru, the Amazon runs 4,000 miles eastward through Colombia and Brazil to the Atlantic Ocean. The river is usually about one to six miles wide. During the rainy season, it can be as much as 20 miles wide in some areas. It is also one of the deepest rivers, reaching 300 feet deep in a number of areas. The river is also important because it runs through the Amazon rain forest. Home to some of the planet’s most amazing and unusual binds, fish, insects, and animals, the Amazon rain forest has the most plant and animal species (种类) in the world. Brightly colored parrots, monkeys, and frogs live here. In the water, you’ll find pink dolphins. Some of the plants and trees in the rain forest have been used as medicines for thousands of years. The river became known as the Amazon during the mid-1500s. A Spanish (西班牙人) saw some women fighters along its lower banks and named the river after them. In Greek mythology (神话), the Amazons were a group of women who were very good at fighting. 1．Which country does the Amazon run through? A．Brazil. B．India. C．South Africa. D．France. 2．What does “Amazon” mean according to the last paragraph? A．A Spaniard. B．A long river. C．A rain forest. D．A woman fighter. 3．What can be the best title for the passage? A．The Amazon B．The Amazon Rain Forest C．The Animals in the Amazon D．The Story About the Amazon 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界第二长河——亚马逊河。 1．细节理解题。根据“Beginning from..., the Amazon runs 4, 000 miles eastward through Colombia and Brazil to the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，亚马逊河从秘鲁的安第斯山脉开始，向东延伸 4,000英里，穿过哥伦比亚和巴西，流入大西洋。故选 A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“A Spaniard (西班牙人) saw some women fighters along its lower banks and...who were very good at fighting.”可知，在希腊神话中，“Amazon”是指女战士。故选D。 3．最佳标题题。本文主要从基本信息、流经地的生物多样性以及名字的由来等几个方面介绍了亚马逊河。故选A。 Passage 2 （2023·山东济宁·中考真题） 25 cities from 13 countries were named International Wetland City on November 10, 2022. Jining and 6 other Chinese cities were among them. With 32 wetland towns and 56 wetland villages, Jining has made great progress in protecting its environment, especially its lakes and wetlands. Weishan Lake International Welland Park lies in the south of Weishan County in Jining. It is the biggest meadow-type wetland (草甸湿地) in the world and is the only wetland park in Shandong province at the national level. Taibai Lake Wetland is known as “a pearl (珍珠) in the southwest of Shandong”. The lake is an excellent place for people to spend their free time. Visitors can enjoy nature by taking tour buses or boats in the area. With an area of more than 4,300 mu, Lotus Lake Wetland Park is a 4A level scenic spot (景点). Thanks to its beautiful environment and fresh air, the park is praised as “the backyard garden of the city”. Besides its natural beauty, people can also experience the traditional culture in the area. 1．How many Chinese cities were named International Wetland City?________ A．25. B．13. C．7. D．6. 2．Why is Weishan Lake International Wetland Park so valuable?________ A．It is the biggest wetland in the world. B．It lies in the south of Weishan County in Jining. C．It is the only wetland park in Shandong province. D．It is larger than any other meadow-type wetland. 3．Where should you go if you want to enjoy both nature and culture?________ A．Taibai Lake Wetland. B．Lotus Lake Wetland Park. C．Any wetland town or village. D．Weishan Lake International Wetland Park. 4．What does the passage mainly tell us about Jining?________ A．Its history. B．Its culture. C．Its wetlands. D．Its people. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了济宁的湿地。 1．细节理解题。根据“Jining and 6 other Chinese cities were among them.”可知济宁和其他6个城市被命名为国际湿地城市，所以中国一共有七个城市。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is the biggest meadow-type wetland (草甸湿地) in the world”可知它是世界上最大的草甸湿地。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“ Lotus Lake Wetland Park...Besides its natural beauty, people can also experience the traditional culture in the area.”可知在莲花湖湿地公园可以享受自然和文化。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了济宁的湿地。故选C。 模拟演练 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 The Nazca Lines in Peru (秘鲁) are huge mysterious pictures drawn on the ground. An area of about 170 square miles in the Nazca Desert in Southern Peru is 1 by simple pictures like birds, spiders and fish. Some of these pictures are nearly 200 meters wide. What’s so mysterious about these lines? Well, although most of them have a history of more than 2, 000 years, they were only, 2 in the 1930s. The reason for this is that the pictures only become 3 when they are seen from the air. So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people 4 what they were. Of course, this 5 the question: how did these pictures get there all those years ago? 6 could these people have made such drawings without the ability to fly? 7 did they have the ability to fly? Jim Woodman, a well-known explorer, suggested that the Nazca people could have 8 simple hot-air balloons and used them to produce the art. He even built a balloon using materials they would have had. However, his ideas didn’t 9 many people. Some people even guessed the lines might be the work of 10 ! After some wooden sticks were found in that area and were proved as 11 as the drawings, some scientists suggested that the Nazca people might have put these sticks in the ground to help them with the drawings. By placing the sticks in the correct 12 and connecting them with long ropes, the Nazca people could have drawn the lines to make the pictures. One scientist, Dr. Joe Nickell of the University of Kentucky, was so sure that this was the   13 that he decided to try and show how it could be done. Using only tools that were 14 for the Nazca people, he tried to draw a huge picture of a bird. With a few friends’ help, he 15 a perfect Nazca picture in a few hours and showed how these pictures probably got there. 1．A．made B．filled C．covered D．planted 2．A．reported B．posted C．received D．discovered 3．A．clear B．clean C．bright D．beautiful 4．A．created B．realized C．regarded D．suggested 5．A．came in B．got to C．led to D．turned in 6．A．What B．When C．Where D．how 7．A．Or B．And C．But D．Then 8．A．studied B．invented C．taken D．kept 9．A．surprise B．excite C．convince D．refuse 10．A．spiders B．birds C．animals D．aliens 11．A．old B．long C．big D．high 12．A．background B．positions C．standard D．environment 13．A．purpose B．article C．answer D．question 14．A．basic B．free . C．important D．available 15．A．produced B．reviewed C．searched D．printed 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文介绍了现代社会一大未解之谜——秘鲁的纳斯卡线条。 1．句意：秘鲁南部纳斯卡沙漠约170平方英里的区域被鸟类、蜘蛛和鱼类等简单的图片所覆盖。 made制作；filled填满；covered覆盖；planted种植。根据“An area of about 170 square miles in the Nazca Desert in Southern Peru is...by simple pictures”可知是被简单的图片所覆盖，be covered by“由……覆盖”，故选C。 2．句意：尽管它们中的大多数都有2000多年的历史，但它们是在20世纪30年代才被发现的。 reported报道；posted发布；received收到；discovered发现。根据“although most of them have a history of more than 2, 000 years”可知，它们是在20世纪30年代才被发现的。故选D。 3．句意：原因是这些照片只有从空中看到时才会变得清晰。 clear清晰的；clean干净的；bright明亮的；beautiful漂亮的。根据“So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people...what they were”可知，只有从空中看到时才会变得清晰。故选A。 4．句意：所以只有当飞机开始飞越该地区时，人们才意识到它们是什么。 created创造；realized意识到；regarded认作；suggested建议。根据“So it was only when planes started flying over the area that people...what they were”可知，人们才意识到它们是什么。故选B。 5．句意：当然，这就引出了一个问题：这些照片是如何在这么多年前出现的？ came in进来；got to到达；led to导致；turned in上交。根据“how did these pictures get there all those years ago”可知，lead to the question“引出一个问题”，故选C。 6．句意：如果没有飞行能力，这些人怎么能画出这样的画呢？ What什么；When何时；Where哪里；How怎样。根据“...could these people have made such drawings without the ability to fly”可知，此处询问方式，故选D。 7．句意：或者它们有飞行的能力吗？ Or或者；And和；But但是；Then然后。根据前文可知，三个问题是并列关系，且问句中用or，故选A。 8．句意：著名探险家吉姆·伍德曼认为，纳斯卡人本可以发明简单的热气球，并用它们来制作艺术品。 studied学习；invented发明；taken带，拿；kept保持。根据“...simple hot-air balloons and used them to produce the art”可知是发明简单的热气球，故选B。 9．句意：然而，他的想法并没有说服很多人。 surprise使惊讶；excite使激动；convince说服；refuse拒绝。根据“Some people even guessed the lines might be the work”可知，他的想法并没有说服很多人。故选C。 10．句意：有些人甚至猜测这些线条可能是外星人的作品。 spiders蜘蛛；birds鸟；animals动物；aliens外星人。根据“Some people even guessed the lines might be the work of...”可知，有些人甚至猜测这些线条可能是外星人的作品。故选D。 11．句意：在该地区发现了一些木棍，并被证明与图纸一样古老，一些科学家认为纳斯卡人可能把这些木棍放在地上以帮助他们绘制图纸。 old旧的；long长的；big大的；high高的。根据“some scientists suggested that the Nazca people might have put these sticks in the ground to help them with the drawings.”可知，木棍被证明与图纸一样古老，故选A。 12．句意：通过将木棒放置在正确的位置并用长绳连接，纳斯卡人本可以画出线条来制作照片。 background背景；positions位置；standard标准；environment环境。根据“By placing the sticks in the correct...”可知是把木棍放在正确的位置上，in the correct positions“在正确的位置”，故选B。 13．句意：肯塔基大学的乔·尼克尔博士是一位科学家，他非常确定这就是答案，于是决定尝试展示如何做到这一点。 purpose目的；article文章；answer答案；question问题。根据“he decided to try and show how it could be done”可知，他非常确定这就是答案，故选C。 14．句意：他只使用纳斯卡人可用的工具，试图画一幅巨大的鸟图。 basic基本的；free自由的；important重要的；available可利用的。根据“Using only tools that were...for the Nazca people”可知，只使用纳斯卡人可用的工具，故选D。 15．句意：在几个朋友的帮助下，他在几个小时内制作了一张完美的纳斯卡照片，并展示了这些照片是如何到达那里的。 produced生产；reviewed复习；searched搜索；printed打印。根据“showed how these pictures probably got there.”可知，他在几个小时内制作了一张完美的纳斯卡照片，故选A。 Passage 2 We can see different kinds of wonderful things in nature. A glacier (冰川) is one of them. What’s a glacier? It is a large piece of ice. Glaciers are called “rivers of ice”. That’s because they move like very slow rivers. There are two main kinds of glaciers. One is a sheet (片) of ice that spreads over a large area of land. The other kind forms in mountains and moves down to valleys (山谷). Falling snow forms glaciers. In high mountains, snow falls and does not melt (融化). New snow falls on old snow. After many years, the snow becomes a little closer together. It turns into ice and over time into glaciers. Over time, a glacier becomes very heavy. This causes it to move. Glaciers change the Earth’s surface as they move. They shape mountains. They carry rocks and soil. When glaciers melt, they leave behind the rocks and soil. Most places with high mountains have glaciers. Glaciers cover one-tenth of the Earth’s land. Most of the Earth’s fresh water is stored in glaciers. Melted glacier water is used as drinking water in some places. Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. They also learn about the Earth’s climate (气候) long ago. When a glacier reaches the ocean, parts of it break off. These icebergs (冰山) can be bad for ships. Glaciers are dangerous for mountain climbers. Many glaciers have deep cracks (裂缝) that can open quickly. Scientists have realized glaciers have a close connection with the climate. They begin to melt because of the rising temperature. In order to stop the melting of glaciers caused by climate change, each of us should do something. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many kinds of glaciers are there in the world? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．What might a geography teacher say in his class? A．Mountains are mainly created by glaciers. B．Glaciers cover most parts of the Earth’s land. C．A small amount of water is stored in glaciers. D．Thousand-year-old glaciers carry climate information. 3．How does the writer organize Paragraph 3? A．By making comparison (比较). B．By giving spatial (空间的) order. C．By showing problems and solutions. D．By listing causes and effects. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 6? A．The problems glaciers cause for mountain climbers. B．The differences glaciers make to the Earth’s surface. C．The dangers that glaciers bring to people. D．A call to humans to act to protect glaciers. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To give readers information about glaciers. B．To show the importance of glaciers. C．To explain how humans influence glaciers. D．To describe good and bad sides of glaciers. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了冰川的定义、种类、形成、对地球表面的影响、分布、与气候的关系及其潜在危险，并呼吁人们为减缓冰川因气候变化而融化采取行动。 1．细节理解题。根据“There are two main kinds of glaciers.”可知，冰川主要有两种类型。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists study glaciers that have been around thousands of years. They also learn about the Earth’s climate long ago.”可知，科学家们研究已存在数千年的冰川，同时探索到地球远古时期的气候状况，由此可知千年冰川携带了气候信息，地理老师可能会在课堂上提到这一点。故选D。 3．细节理解题。通读第三段可知，此段通过描述积雪如何逐渐形成冰川，并最终因其重量而移动，列举了冰川形成的原因及其影响。由此可知作者通过列举原因和结果来组织此段。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读第六段可知，此段提到冰川对船只和登山者的危险，如冰山和裂缝，主要围绕冰川对人类造成的危险展开。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过介绍冰川的定义、种类、形成、对地球表面的影响、分布、与气候的关系及其潜在危险，旨在向读者提供关于冰川的信息。故选A。 Passage 3 The UN has announced 2025 as the year of glacier (冰川). It has also set March 21, 2025 as the first World Day for Glaciers. 1 Glaciers are made of ice and snow that slowly move over land. Over time, layers (层) of snow build up and turn into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains over Earth’s history. 2 But glaciers don’t just affect the land. When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养分) for lakes, rivers and oceans. 3 As glaciers melt, they also create homes for plants and animals along streams. 4 The UN said that about 10 percent of the world’s land is covered by around 200,000 glaciers, storing about 70 percent of Earth’s fresh water. In places like the Himalayas, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains, millions of people depend on glaciers for water. These glaciers feed big rivers like the Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra. 5 Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90 percent of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 to 4℃, glaciers could lose much of them by 2100. If snow and ice in mountain areas continue to disappear, there will be less water for drinking and farming and more pressure on local ecosystems. Floods will also be more dangerous because of growing glacial lakes. A．They are still moving and changing landscapes in many places today. B．The goal is to encourage everyone to help protect glaciers, which are important for life in the future. C．In some areas, glaciers are important water sources for people and wildlife. D．These nutrients help create the base of the food chain in oceans and rivers. E．Most of the world’s glaciers are in the polar regions (极地地区). F．However, climate change is causing serious problems to glaciers. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文讲述了联合国宣布2025年为冰川年，并设立首个世界冰川日，旨在提高人们对冰川重要性的认识。冰川由冰雪形成，影响地貌，为生态系统提供养分和水源。然而，气候变化导致冰川迅速消失，威胁全球水资源和生态系统。 1．根据“The UN has announced 2025 as the year of glacier (冰川). It has also set March 21, 2025 as the first World Day for Glaciers.”可知，这里在说联合国对于冰川的相关举措，接下来应说明这样做的目的。选项B“目的是鼓励每个人帮助保护冰川，这对未来的生命很重要”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Glaciers have shaped mountains over Earth’s history.”可知，前面说冰川在地球历史上塑造了山脉，这里应接着说现在冰川依然在影响着地貌。选项A“如今在许多地方，它们仍在移动并改变着地貌”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“When glaciers melt (融化), they provide nutrients (养分) for lakes, rivers and oceans.”可知，前面提到冰川融化提供养分，接下来应说这些养分的作用。选项D“这些养分有助于在海洋和河流中形成食物链的基础”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“The UN said that about 10 percent of the world’s land is covered by around 200,000 glaciers, storing about 70 percent of Earth’s fresh water. In places like the Himalayas, Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains, millions of people depend on glaciers for water. ”可知，这里在阐述冰川是重要的水源。选项C“在一些地区，冰川是人类和野生动物重要的水源”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90 percent of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5 to 4℃, glaciers could lose much of them by 2100.”可知，这里在说冰川消失的情况，前面应是转折引出气候变化对冰川造成的问题。选项F“然而，气候变化正在给冰川带来严重的问题”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个或两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two 1 (mountain). The Taihang Mountain passes through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is about 400 kilometers 2 (length). It is one of the largest mountain ranges in North China, and it was called “the backbone (脊梁) 3 China” in ancient times. Many legends about the very beginning of human civilization (文明) come from the Taihang area. For example, Hou Yi protected 4 (he) hometown by shooting the suns; Nv Wa used stones 5 (repair) the sky to make sure that humans would have a 6 (good) future; Yandi, one of 7 (early) Chinese emperors, tried large numbers of herbs (草药) and 8 (teach) people how to use them to treat diseases. The Taihang Mountain is not only where the ancient stories happened, but also 9 important place where tens of thousands of fossils (化石) were found. These fossils show how the earth has changed over time. At the same time, we can also learn valuable information about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area. Nowadays, there are natural forests around the area with 10 (beauty) colors in four seasons. If you need a trip that helps you learn different things about history, culture and other knowledge, the Taihang Mountain is a great choice for you. 【答案】 1．mountains 2．long 3．of 4．his 5．to repair 6．better 7．the earliest 8．taught 9．an 10．beautiful 【导语】文章主要介绍了太行山的相关传说、太行山发现化石的作用及该地区的景观等。 1．句意：太行山是两座山之一。根据“two”可知，后接可数名词复数。mountain“山”的复数形式为“mountains”，故填mountains。 2．句意：它大约400千米长。根据“It is about 400 kilometers...”及所给单词可知，此处是在描述太行山的长度。此处用形容词形式。length“长度”，名词，long“长的”，形容词，符合语境。故填long。 3．句意：而且在古代，它被称为中国的脊梁。根据“the backbone...China”及语境可知，此处表示太行山是中国的脊梁，考查the+名词+of“……的”，故填of。 4．句意：例如，后羿通过射日保护了他的家乡。根据“hometown”及所给单词可知，此处表示他的家乡，需要使用形容词性物主代词修饰家乡。he的形容词性物主代词为his。故填his。 5．句意：女娲使用石头补天来确保人类将会有一个更好的未来。根据“Nv Wa used stones...the sky to make sure that humans would have a better future.”可知，此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to repair。 6．句意：女娲使用石头补天来确保人类将会有一个更好的未来。根据“Nv Wa used stones to repair the sky to make sure that humans would have a...future.”及所给单词可知，此处应该表示女娲补天是为了人类有更好的未来，需要使用形容词比较级。good的比较级是better，故填better。 7．句意：炎帝，是中国最早的皇帝之一，尝试了大量的草药并且教人们怎样使用它们治疗疾病。根据“one of...Chinese emperors,”可知，one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”，early的最高级是earliest。故填the earliest。 8．句意：炎帝，是中国最早的皇帝之一，尝试了大量的草药并且教人们怎样使用它们治疗疾病。根据“tried large numbers of herbs and...people how to use them to treat diseases.”及所给单词可知，此处表示炎帝尝草药，教人们治病。结合语境，该句时态为一般过去时，teach的过去式为taught。故填taught。 9．句意：太行山不仅是古代故事发生的地方，也是发现成千上万块化石的一个重要地点。根据句意可知，此处表示太行山是一个重要的地方。important以元音音素开头发音的单词，故使用不定冠词an。故填an。 10．句意：如今，该地区周围有四季色彩斑斓的天然森林。根据“colors”及所给单词可知，此处用形容词修饰colors。beauty的形容词形式为beautiful“美丽的”，故填beautiful。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$