2025年英语中考语法专项：冠词精讲&专项练习卷

中考语法专项：冠词精讲&专项练习卷 1． 定义： 冠词是英语中一种虚词，一般不能单独使用，常置于名词之前，用于说明名词的特性。以下是中考语法中关于冠词的详细讲解： 二．冠词分类 1.不定冠词（a/an）：用于表示 “一个” 或 “某一类” 的概念，a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。例如：a Chinese book（一本语文书），an English book（一本英语书）。 2.定冠词（the）：表示特指，意为 “这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”。例如：The boy is from England.（那个男孩来自英国。） 3.零冠词：即不用冠词的情况。例如：I have breakfast at 7:00.（我七点吃早饭。） 三．冠词功能 1.冠词可以确定名词的意义，说明名词是整体还是个体。 例如：I am a student.（不定冠词表单数）We are students.（零冠词表复数） 2.冠词的所指可分为特指和类指。 例如：The lion is roaring.（the lion 表特指，指某一只狮子）The lion is the king of beasts.（the lion 表类指，指某一类动物） 四．不定冠词 a/an 的用法 1.用于第一次提到的某人或某物前。 例如：This is a cute girl.（这是一个可爱的女孩。） 2.表示数量 “一”，相当于 one。 例如：There is a pen in the pencil - box.（铅笔盒里有一支钢笔。） 3.表示类别，泛指某一类人或物。 例如：A panda lives in China.（熊猫住在中国。） 4.用于固定词组中， 如 take a walk（散步），have a cold（感冒），have a look（看一看）等。 五．定冠词 the 的用法 1.用在双方都知道的人或事物前。 例如：Please give me the book on the shelf.（请把架子上的那本书给我。） 2.特指上文已经提到的人或事物。 例如：There is a book over there. The book is mine.（那有一本书，那本书是我的。） 3.用在世界上独一无二的事物前， 如 the earth（地球），the sun（太阳）等。 4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前。 例如：She is the first one to get to school.（她是第一个到校的。） 5.用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物， 如 the young（年轻人），the old（老人）等。 6.用于姓氏的复数前表示 “一家人” 或 “夫妻”， 如 The Greens live in Beijing now.（格林一家人现在住在北京。） 7.用在表示方位的名词前， 如 Liaoning is in the east of China.（辽宁在中国的东方。） 8.用在西洋乐器前， 如 Lily plays the piano very well.（莉莉钢琴弹得非常好。） 9.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前， 如 the Great Wall（长城），the Summer Palace（颐和园）等。 10.用于固定词组中， 如 in the end（最终），in the future（在将来），at the moment（现在）等。 六．零冠词的用法 1.用在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋牌类、游戏等名词前。 例如：play football（踢球），Maths is interesting.（数学很有趣。） 2.用在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前， 如 I go to school by bus.（我坐公交车上学。） 3.用在人名、地名、街道名、城市名、洲、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园、节日等专有名词前。 4.用在季节、月份、星期前， 如 on Sunday（在星期天）。 5.用在名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时。 6.用于固定词组中 如 at first/last（首先 / 最后），at noon/night（在中午 / 晚上），at school/work/home（在学校 / 工作 / 家）等。 中考语法冠词专项练习卷 一、单项选择（每题 2 分，共 60 分） 1. —Do you know ______ girl with long curly hair? —Yes, she is Mary. She plays ______ piano very well. A. a; / B. the; / C. the; the D. a; the 2. There is ______ “h” and ______ “u” in the word “hour”. A. a; an B. an; a C. a; a D. an; an 3. —What do you usually have for ______ breakfast? —A piece of bread and ______ egg. A. a; an B. /; the C. a; the D. /; an 4. —Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning. —Is it ______ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 5. We often have three meals ______ day. And we usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m. A. a; / B. a; a C. a; the D. /; the 6. This is ______ interesting story and it is also ______ useful one. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; an D. a; a 7. —What’s the matter with you? —I have ______ bad cold and have to stay in ______ bed. A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the 8. —Do you know ______ girl over there? —Yes, she is ______ exchange student from America. A. the; a B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an 9. —What ______ fine weather it is today! —Yes, shall we go hiking in ______ West Hill? A. a; the B. /; the C. /; / D. a; / 10. —Look! There is ______ beautiful rainbow in the sky. —Take the books for me, I’d like to take a photo of ______ rainbow before it disappears. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a 11. —I hear there will be ______ talk on teenage problems next Monday. —Do you mean ______ talk our teacher asked us to listen to? A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the; a 12. —What do you think of ______ film we saw last night? —I have never seen ______ better one. A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a; a 13. —Do you know ______ girl in white? —She is ______ university student. A. a; an B. the; an C. a; a D. the; a 14. —What ______ exciting news it is! —Yes, ______ news makes us feel very happy. A. an; the B. /; the C. an; a D. /; a 15. —Is there ______ bank near here? —Yes, there is ______ across from the park. A. a; one B. the; it C. a; it D. the; one 16. —What do you want to be when you grow up? —I want to be ______ engineer like my father. A. a B. an C. the D. / 17. —Do you play ______ piano in your free time? —No, I like sports. I often play ______ soccer with my friends. A. /; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; a 18. —There is ______ eraser on the desk. Is it yours? —No, it’s not mine. I think it’s Tom’s. A. a B. an C. the D. / 19. —It’s said that ______ tallest man in the world is nearly 2.8 metres tall. —Yes, I saw the news on ______ Internet. A. a; the B. an; / C. the; the D. /; the 20. —My son seldom has ______ breakfast. —It is ______ unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it. A. /; an B. the; an C. /; a D. the; a 21. —I like reading. —Me too. I especially like ______ books about history. A. a B. an C. the D. / 22. —What ______ useful dictionary it is! —Yes, it is. And it’s ______ unusual one. A. an; an B. a; a C. a; an D. an; a 23. —Do you know ______ man under the tree? —Yes, he is ______ old friend of mine. A. a; an B. the; an C. a; the D. the; the 24. —Look! There is ______ apple tree in the garden. —Yes, and ______ tree is very tall. A. a; the B. an; the C. an; a D. the; the 25. —What do you usually do after ______ school? —I usually play ______ basketball with my friends. A. /; / B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 26. —What ______ beautiful music! —Yes, it is. Who played it? A. a B. an C. the D. / 27. —It’s ______ useful book. You can read it in ______ evening. A. a; a B. an; the C. a; the D. an; a 28. —Do you know ______ boy who is standing under ______ tree? —Yes, he is my friend, Peter. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a 29. —I have ______ bad headache. —You should go to see ______ doctor. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 30. —______ sun is shining brightly. —Let’s go for a picnic in ______ park. A. A; a B. The; a C. A; the D. The; the 二、用适当的冠词填空 1. Thomas Edison was one of ______ greatest inventors in ______ world. 2. Beijing is ______ capital of China. 3. We go to school by ______ bike every day. 4. ______ sun rises in ______ east. 5. I have ______ apple. ______ apple is red. 6. There is ______ “s” in the word “bus”. 7. ______ Greens are having ______ dinner now. 8. I often play ______ football after ______ school. 9. It takes me half ______ hour to get to school. 10. We should have ______ breakfast every day. 11. ______ Great Wall is one of ______ seven wonders in the world. 12. I want to be ______ engineer when I grow up. 13. He has ______ big house and ______ old car. ______ house is near the park and ______ car is black. 14. ______ elephant is ______ useful animal. 15. We go to ______ bed at about 10:00 p.m. every day. 16. There is ______ “h” in the word “hour”. 17. ______ moon moves around ______ earth. 18. We have English class three times ______ week. 答案 一、单项选择 1.C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A 11.A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A 21.D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D 二、用适当的冠词填空 1.the; the 2. the 3. / 4. The; the 5. an; The 6.an 7. The; / 8. /; / 9. an 10. / 11.The; the 12. an 13. a; an; The; the 14. An; a 15. / 16.an 17. The; the 18. a 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$