内容正文:
第15 课时 8下 Unit 7
1.especially adv. 特别,尤其
especially 在句中可修饰名词、形容词、介词短语等,形容词是especial .
We all like sports, especially swimming.
2 medicine n. 医学,药
[搭配] take the medicine 服药;吃药
Remember to take the medicine after meals three times a day.
[拓展] medical adj. 医疗的;医学的;医药的;
My sister studies at a medical college.
medical treatment 药物治疗
a medical college 医学院
a medical examination 体检
3 develop vi.& vt. 发展;加强
Modern music was first developed in Italy.
现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的。
[拓展] development n. 发展,进展,开发
developing adj. 发展中的 developed adj. 发达的
China is a developing country while America is a developed country.
4 hand out 分发,发出 反义词hand in 上交
hand out为“及物动词+副词”短语结构,当宾语为代词时,只能放在out 之前。
Here are the books. Please hand them out.
[拓展] give me a hand 助我一臂之力
by hand 用手;手工
hand in hand 手牵手
5. mostly , mainly ,most
mostly 强调数量上的“大部分,主要地”
The students in our class are mostly from Jiangsu.
mainly 强调程度上的“大部分,主要地”
This article is mainly about his travels to foreign countries.
most:①形容词,大部分,最多的,最高程度的
Most people like friut and vegetables.
②代词,“大多数,大部分”
Most of his friends are Germans.
6. per cent=percent,其中per为介词,意为“每”。per cent of…意为“百分之……” 名词 percentage。
90 per cent of my students have passed the examination. 我教的学生有90%通过了这次考试。
90 percent of the water on Earth is sea water.
90 per cent = nine-tenths
7. proud adj. 自豪的,骄傲的
be proud of ; be proud to do ; be proud +that 宾从
I’m proud that you will win the game.
pride 是名词,骄傲
take/have pride in=be proud of 以……为骄傲
She takes great pride in her children's success.
她为自己的孩子们取得的成绩感到无比自豪
the pride of…意为“是……的骄傲”。
He was the pride of the village after winning the championship.
他获得冠军之后成了全村的骄傲。
8. carry on (with) sth 意为“继续做某事”
All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.
carry on doing sth. = go on doing sth. = continue doing sth 继续做同一件事情
carry out 实施;执行(计划、项目)
9. make up one's mind to do sth下定决心做某事,相当于decide to do sth/make a decision to do sth。
注意mind 应随着主语单复数的变化而变化。
We've made up our minds to forget all the past and start a new life.
10. spread n. 扩散;分布;散开
What can we do to prevent the spread of the disease?
v. spread-spread-spread传播;散布;伸展;
The news was spread quickly.
11. be grateful/thankful to sb. for sth.
因某事而对某人很感动
People must be really grateful to you.
12. afford 作及物动词用,通常要用在can, could, be able to 之后,表示“负担得起(……的费用、损失、后果等)”,
常用afford sth. 表示负担得起某物;
afford to do sth. 负担得起做……
Could you afford to buy a new car?
13. operate vi. 做手术 n. operation
operate on sb
=do/perform an operation on sb给某人做手术
The doctor is planning to perform an operation on Miss White.
14. hold ,take place 和happen 举行、进行
hold:及物动词;可用于主动、被动语态。
hold – held-- held
happen:指有计划或偶然发生的;为不及物动词,没有被动语态
take place :指事先布置好而后发生的事,没有偶然的意思,它也没有被动语态
Our school sports meeting is held every November.
Our school sports meeting takes place every November.
[拓展] hold 还有拿, 抱, 握住 包含; 容纳
hold on 不挂电话
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
15. be used as意思是“把……当做……用
English is used as a very useful working language.
[拓展]①be used to do =be used for doing 被用来做
The knife is used to cut the apple.
The knife is used for cutting the apple.
② be/get used to doing/sth 习惯做某事
I’m not used to going out before lunch.
③ used to do 过去常常做某事
We used to grow vegetables.
16. patient n. 病人 The patient is much better today.
adj. patient 耐心的be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 反义词 impatient
17.It was set up in Europe in 1946, after World War II .
set up 创建 ;set out 出发;着手做; set off 出发
18. treat v. 治疗 n. treatment
The doctor is treating him for his illness.
【拓展】treat还意为“对待;看待;把„„看作”
treat…as… 把„„看作„„
Don’t treat me as a child.
词义辨析:treat和cure
treat v. 治疗 cure v. 治愈
【链接中考】
一、单项选择
( ) 1. The students are ______ the leaflets to people over there to ask them to protect our earth. (2025 南通)
A. printing out B. giving out
C. selling out D. putting out
( )2.The Yellow River______ flood large areas, but now the waters of it are used to ______ energy. (2024 常州)
A. was used to; producing
B. used to; producing
C. was used to; produce
D. used to; produce
( )3. In many places in China, the old over 90 ______ not only by their family but also by the government.
A. is taking good care B. are taken good care of
C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care
( )4 It is helpful to ______ a good habit of reading in language learning. (2025 安徽)
A. take B. show C. develop D. match
( )5. About 70 per cent of the village ______by water. (2025 潍坊)
A. is covering B. is covered
C. are covered D. are covering
( )6. ─Some children can’t afford ______ necessary stationary.
─Let’s donate our pocket money to them. (2024 扬州)
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought
( ) 7. David Burt ‘s dream in China is to go into the west and ______ an early childhood school there. (2024盐城)
A. clean up B. look up C. give up D. set up
( )8 . Nineteen Taizhou dishes ______ into the book Huaiyang Cuisine(淮扬菜).
(2024 泰州)
A. chose B. choose
C. are chosen D. have chosen
( )9.The students in our school are ______ from south. (2025 青岛)
A. most B. mostly C. more D. main
( )10.---Mom, I was the first to reach the top of the mountain.
---Good job, Jack, I’m ______ of you. (2025 聊城)
A. careful B. proud C. tired D. afraid
二,句型转换
1. He often writes the words on the wall. (改被动语态)
The words ______ often _______ by him on the wall.
2. Someone saw him swim in the lake yesterday. (改为被动语态)
He was ________ _________ swim in the river.
3. Our school held a sportsmeeting last week. (同义句)
A sports meeting _______ ________ in our school last week.
4.The twins made up their minds to study hard.(同义句)
The twins______ ______ study hard.
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九年级英语复习讲义
第15课时 [八年级下册] Unit 7
中考链接 参考答案及解析
一、单项选择
1. 答案:B
句意:学生们正在向那边的人们分发传单,呼吁他们保护地球。
考点:动词短语辨析(printing out/giving out/selling out/putting out)。
详细解析选项:
A. printing out(打印出,与 “向人们分发” 无关);
B. giving out(分发,符合 “分发传单” 的语境);
C. selling out(卖完,与 “呼吁保护地球” 的公益行为矛盾);
D. putting out(扑灭,如灭火,不符)。
正解根据:“向人们传递传单” 的动作是 “分发”,用 giving out。
结论:选 B。
2. 答案:D
句意:黄河过去常常淹没大片地区,但现在它的水资源被用来生产能源。
考点:固定短语(used to do/be used to do)。
详细解析选项:
A. was used to; producing(“was used to” 表 “被用来”,但第一空需表 “过去常常”;第二空 producing 错误,应为动词原形);
B. used to; producing(第一空 “used to” 正确,表 “过去常常”;第二空 producing 错误,“be used to do” 需用原形);
C. was used to; produce(第一空 “was used to” 错误,不符合 “过去常常” 的含义);
D. used to; produce(第一空 “used to do” 表 “过去常常”;第二空 “be used to produce” 表 “被用来生产”,正确)。
正解根据:“过去淹没” 用 used to flood;“被用来生产能源” 用 be used to produce。
结论:选 D。
3. 答案:B
句意:在中国的许多地方,90 岁以上的老人不仅受到家人的照顾,还受到政府的照顾。
考点:被动语态及主谓一致。
详细解析选项:
A. is taking good care(主动语态,且 “the old” 表复数,is 错误,“take care” 后缺 of);
B. are taken good care of(被动语态,“the old” 表复数,are 正确,“take care of” 是固定短语,of 不可省);
C. is taking good care of(主动语态错误,is 与复数主语矛盾);
D. are taken good care(被动语态,但 “take care” 后缺 of,短语不完整)。
正解根据:“老人被照顾” 需用被动语态,“the old” 表复数,“take care of” 不可省略 of。
结论:选 B。
4. 答案:C
句意:在语言学习中养成阅读的好习惯是有帮助的。
考点:动词辨析(take/show/develop/match)。
详细解析选项:
A. take(拿走,与 “习惯” 搭配不当);
B. show(展示,不符);
C. develop(培养,“develop a habit” 是固定搭配,意为 “养成习惯”);
D. match(匹配,不符)。
正解根据:“养成习惯” 用 develop a habit,符合语境。
结论:选 C。
5. 答案:B
句意:这个村庄大约 70% 的面积被水覆盖。
考点:被动语态及主谓一致。
详细解析选项:
A. is covering(主动语态,“被水覆盖” 需用被动);
B. is covered(被动语态,“70% of the village” 指代 “面积”,不可数,用 is);
C. are covered(“village” 的面积是不可数概念,are 错误);
D. are covering(主动语态且 are 错误)。
正解根据:“被水覆盖” 用被动语态,“70% of the village” 表单数概念,用 is covered。
结论:选 B。
6. 答案:C
句意:—— 一些孩子买不起必要的文具。—— 让我们把零花钱捐给他们吧。
考点:固定搭配(afford to do)。
详细解析选项:
A. buy(动词原形,“afford” 后需接不定式);
B. buying(动名词,不符合 “afford to do” 结构);
C. to buy(不定式,“afford to do sth.” 是固定搭配,意为 “有能力做某事”);
D. bought(过去式,不符)。
正解根据:“afford” 后必须接不定式 “to do”,表 “有能力做”。
结论:选 C。
7. 答案:D
句意:大卫・伯特在中国的梦想是走进西部,在那里创办一所幼儿学校。
考点:动词短语辨析(clean up/look up/give up/set up)。
详细解析选项:
A. clean up(清理,与 “创办学校” 无关);
B. look up(查阅,不符);
C. give up(放弃,不符);
D. set up(创办,符合 “建立学校” 的语境)。
正解根据:“创办学校” 用 set up,符合梦想的内容。
结论:选 D。
8. 答案:C
句意:19 道泰州菜被选入《淮扬菜》一书。
考点:被动语态。
详细解析选项:
A. chose(主动语态过去式,“菜被选入” 需用被动);
B. choose(主动语态原形,错误);
C. are chosen(被动语态,主语 “dishes” 是复数,符合语境);
D. have chosen(主动语态现在完成时,错误)。
正解根据:“菜被选入书中” 需用被动语态,主语是复数,用 are chosen。
结论:选 C。
9. 答案:B
句意:我们学校的学生主要来自南方。
考点:副词辨析(most/mostly/more/main)。
详细解析选项:
A. most(最多,形容词或代词,不能修饰介词短语);
B. mostly(主要地,副词,修饰 “from south”,符合语境);
C. more(更多,比较级,不符);
D. main(主要的,形容词,不能修饰介词短语)。
正解根据:修饰 “来自南方” 需用副词,mostly 表 “主要地”,符合句意。
结论:选 B。
10. 答案:B
句意:—— 妈妈,我是第一个到达山顶的。—— 做得好,杰克,我为你感到骄傲。
考点:形容词辨析(careful/proud/tired/afraid)。
详细解析选项:
A. careful(小心的,与 “第一个到达山顶” 无关);
B. proud(骄傲的,“be proud of” 是固定短语,意为 “为…… 骄傲”,符合语境);
C. tired(累的,不符);
D. afraid(害怕的,不符)。
正解根据:孩子取得成就时,父母应 “为其骄傲”,用 be proud of。
结论:选 B。
二、句型转换
1.答案:are;written
句意:他经常把这些字写在墙上。→ 这些字经常被他写在墙上。
考点:被动语态(一般现在时)。
解析:主动句主语是 “he”,宾语是 “the words”;被动句主语为 “the words”(复数),一般现在时的被动语态结构为 “are + 过去分词”,write 的过去分词是 written。
结论:填 are;written。
2.答案:seen to
句意:昨天有人看见他在湖里游泳。→ 他昨天被看见在湖里游泳。
考点:被动语态(感官动词 see 的被动)。
解析:主动句 “see sb. do sth.” 变为被动句时,需还原不定式符号 to,即 “be seen to do sth.”,此处是一般过去时的被动,用 seen to。
结论:填 seen to。
3.答案:was held
句意:我们学校上周举办了一场运动会。→ 一场运动会上周在我们学校被举办。
考点:被动语态(一般过去时)。
解析:主动句主语是 “our school”,宾语是 “a sports meeting”;被动句主语为 “a sports meeting”(单数),一般过去时的被动语态结构为 “was + 过去分词”,hold 的过去分词是 held。
结论:填 was held。
4.答案:decided to
句意:这对双胞胎下定决心努力学习。→ 这对双胞胎决定努力学习。
考点:同义短语转换(make up one’s mind to do = decide to do)。
解析:“make up their minds to study” 与 “decide to study” 同义,原句是过去时,decide 用过去式 decided。
结论:填 decided to。
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