第3讲 名词性从句-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版）

板块二　句法 专项提能 语法篇 第三讲　名词性从句 【真题试做】——感悟高考中的语法 一、主语从句 　(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) is so breathtaking about the experience is the out­-of-­this-­world scenes. 二、宾语从句 1.(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb,for her part,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she could do so remotely... 2.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you tiny we humans are. What if/whether how 三、表语从句 1.(2024·浙江1月卷) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s they’ll promote. 2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is they need an English trainer. 3.(2018·北京卷)Without his support,we wouldn’t be we are now. what why where 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下： 类别 引导词 意义 功能 从属连词 that 无意义 不充当成分 whether/if 是否 不充当成分 连接代词 what(ever) (无论)什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语 which(ever) (无论)哪一个 主语、宾语、定语 who(ever) (无论)谁 主语、宾语、表语 whom(ever) 谁 宾语 whose 谁的 定语 类别 引导词 意义 功能 连接 副词 when(ever) (无论)何时 时间状语 where(ever) (无论在)哪里 地点状语 why 为何 原因状语 how(ever) (无论)如何 方式状语 考点 1 　主语从句 (一)在复合句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。 That he finished the marathon in under three hours amazed everyone. 他用了不到三小时就完成了马拉松,这让每个人都感到惊讶。 Whoever finds the lost wallet should return it to the police. 无论谁找到丢失的钱包,都应该把它交给警察。 How he managed to solve the problem in such a short time is a mystery. 他如何在这么短的时间内解决了这个问题,真是个谜。 (二)it作形式主语 1.It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 2.It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 3.It＋be＋过去分词(said/believed/expected/thought/known/reported等)＋that从句 4.It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters等)＋that从句 It is astonishing that such a small creature can have such a big impact on the environment. 令人惊讶的是,这么小的生物竟然能对环境产生如此大的影响。 It is no wonder that she’s always in a good mood; she has a very positive outlook on life. 难怪她总是心情很好；她有非常积极的人生观。 It is requested that passengers should fasten their seat belts. 乘客被要求系好安全带。 It turned out that this method doesn’t work well. 结果是这方法不太管用。 考点 2　宾语从句 (一)在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样,在句中可以作及物动词、介词及部分形容词的宾语。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. 一场激烈的似乎持续了一个世纪的讨论后,Gunter 放下手机,启动了汽车。 Do you know where the party will be held? 你知道晚会将在哪里举行吗？ You can do whatever gives you a break from the stress. 你可以做任何帮助你缓解压力的事情。 (二)it作形式宾语 1.动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾语补足语(形容词或名词)＋that从句 2.动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋that从句 3.动词短语see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋that从句 4.固定搭配take it for granted/owe it to sb.＋that从句 He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed. 他已清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。 I take it for granted that parents should do everything for us, which is wrong. 我想当然地认为父母应该为我们做好一切,其实这是错误的。 You can rely on it that he won’t be absent from the meeting. 你可以放心,他不会缺席这次会议的。 考点 3　表语从句 在复合句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。表语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if、because或why引导。 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. 这就是为什么 Campbell 现在开始提高人们对人工智能及其未来的认识,比这些发展预计发生的时间要早几十年。 The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题仍然是他们是否能帮助我们。 My suggestion is that you go there on foot. 我的建议是你步行去那儿。 I didn’t attend school. That was because I had a cold. 我没去上学,那是因为我感冒了。 [特别提醒]　当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不用because。 The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. 她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。 考点 4　同位语从句 同位语从句用以说明其前面某一名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that what、whether、how、when、where等引导,可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word(消息)等。 Tears filled her eyes at the thought that she might never see him again. 一想到可能再也见不到他了,她满眼是泪。 The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present states of mind. 重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系基于我们当前的思想状态。 He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这个问题。 考点 5　名词性从句中that与what的区别 I believe that I will succeed if I study hard. 我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。 I believe what he said because he is an honest man. 我相信他说的话,因为他是个诚实的人。 连接词 句法功能 省略情况 含义 that 不作句子任何成分 引导宾语从句有时可以省略 无含义 what 作主语、宾语、表语、定语 不能省略 什么,什么样的;所……的东西、事情、地方、话等 考点 6 名词性从句中只用whether不用if的情况 1.在主语从句(主语从句放于句首)、表语从句、介词之后的宾语从句及同位语从句中； 2.后面直接跟动词不定式； 3.与or not直接连用。 Whether we should continue the project is still under discussion. 我们是否应该继续这个项目还在讨论中。 It all depends on whether we have determination and courage. 这完全取决于我们是否有决心和勇气。 She couldn’t decide whether or not she would buy the house. 她无法决定是否买那幢房子。 考点7　what、who、which与whatever、whoever、whichever引导名词性从句的区别 1.what引导名词性从句意为“什么”,带有疑问意味；意为“……的事情”,表示肯定的意思。who意思是“谁”,带有疑问意味；which意思是“哪一个”,带有疑问意味。 Do you know who broke the window? 你知道是谁打坏的窗子吗？ 2.whatever、whoever、whichever意思分别为“所……的一切事或东西”“任何……的人”“……的任何一种东西”等,并且充当成分,相当于anything that,anyone who等。 She is very dear to me.We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life. ＝She is very dear to me.We have been prepared to do anything that it takes to save her life. 她是我的至亲,我们已经准备好了不惜一切代价来挽救她的生命。 考点针对训练 Ⅰ.语法与教材 1.(译林必修二)After all, home is all family members are together. 2.(外研必修一)But we need to keep in mind what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. 3.(人教选必二)At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but _______ surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. where that what 4.(人教选必一)What keeps them from doing so is the fact _______ chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 5.(外研必修三)Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned ______ really happened. 6.(译林选必一)It is believed this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years. 7.(人教选必一)However, it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-­pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. that what that whether 8.(人教必修三)These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. This is _________ people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 9.(北师大必修一)However, what we eat isn’t the most important thing.What’s important is we eat it with. 10.(译林选必二)There is concern the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. because who/whom that Ⅱ.语法与高考 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是参加志愿者活动给我们带来的好处。 Helping others 1.____________ (be) a good thing,because we can get some enjoyment out of it. So I 2.____________ (firm) believe that participating in a volunteer activity can benefit us a lot. 1.答案：is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句子表述的是一个客观事实，所以用一般现在时，且此处是单个的动名词短语作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。 2.答案：firmly 解析：考查词性转换。此处believe是动词，由副词来修饰。故填firmly。 Firstly,we can get a lot of life experience and gain 3.____________ (skill) to help those in need. Secondly,we would make more friends and learn much knowledge. Then we can get well 4.____________ (prepare) for our future. Thirdly,we may gain a special skill 5.____________ can help us live better in 6.____________ (challenge) conditions. And lastly,taking such 7.____________ activity means letting everyone in the world feel the existence of love and 8.____________ (warm).Maybe we will know more about 9.____________ the happiness is. 3.答案：skills 解析：考查名词的单复数。此处skill“技能”是可数名词，且前面无冠词，所以要用名词复数。故填skills。 4.答案：prepared 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处get是连系动词，后面用过去分词作表语。故填prepared。 5.答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。此处skill是先行词，指物，后面的定语从句中缺少主语。故填that或which。 6.答案：challenging 解析：考查词性转换。此处conditions是名词，由形容词来修饰，challenging意为“具有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 7.答案：an 解析：考查冠词。此处activity“活动”是可数名词，发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 8.答案：warmth 解析：考查词性转换。此处用名词和love并列。故填warmth。 9.答案：what 解析：考查名词性从句。此处about是介词，后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少引导词，且引导词在从句中作表语。故填what。 So,try to become a volunteer and do our best to help others. I believe we can know more about ourselves and our 10.____________ (wonder) future. 10.答案：wonderful 解析：考查词性转换。此处future是名词，由形容词来修饰。故填wonderful。 Ⅲ.语法与写作 根据中文提示补全作文,并注意其中名词性从句的使用。 Dear Mark, I hope 1. (这封电子邮件能让你感觉良好). I am busy organizing a campus singing competition in our school. However, I have encountered some challenges during the preparation and I think 2. ___________________________________ (你的组织经验可以提供宝贵的见解). (that) this email finds you well (that)your organizational experience can provide valuable insights One of the main issues I’m facing is 3._____________________ ___________________ ____(我如何以一种让观众参与的方式安排节目). I want to ensure 4.__________________ ____________________________________ ____ (比赛从头到尾不仅有趣,而且有吸引力). Do you have any suggestions? Additionally, I am also seeking ideas on how to attract a larger audience to the competition. Are there any strategies that have worked well for you in similar events? 5._____________________________________(我很感激你能提供的任何建议). Looking forward to hearing from you. Best regards, Li Hua how I can arrange the program in a way that keeps the audience engaged (that) the competition is not only entertaining but also appealing from start to finish I appreciate whatever advice you can provide $$