选修2 Unit 3 Fit for life-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版）

Unit 3　Fit for life 主题语境　医学进展，疾病与健康 选择性必修第二册 单元主题· 创意背记 背诵默写本 1.surgeon n.　 外科医生 2.physician n. 医师,内科医生 3.chemist n. 药剂师,药商;化学家 chemistry n. 化学 chemical adj. 化学的 4.dentist n. 牙科医生 板块一　词句背诵 5.specialize (also specialise) vi. 专门研究(或从事),专攻 special adj. 特殊的;特别的 n. 特别活动(或节目等);特制产品;特价 specially adv. 特别,尤其 specialist n. 专家;专科医生 6.gene n. 基因 7.game-changing adj. 改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) 8.genome n. 基因组,染色体组 9.cell n. 细胞 10.being n. 生物;存在;身心 11.lifespan n. 寿命,有效期 12.affect vt. 影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动 affection n. 喜爱;钟爱 effect n. 作用;影响 13.contract vt. 感染(疾病);与……订立合同(或契约) n. 合同,合约 14.virus n. 病毒;(计算机程序中的)病毒 15.cancer n. 癌症;邪恶,毒瘤 16.identify vt. 找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份 identity n. 身份;同一性 identification n. 辨认,识别;确定 17.relate vi.& vt. 联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述 related adj. 相关的;有联系的 relation n. 关系 relationship n. 关系 18.means n.(pl.means) 方法,方式;财富,钱财 19.delete vt. 删去,删除 20.restore vt. 恢复;修复;使复原,使复位 21.ultimately adv. 最终;根本上 ultimate adj. 最后的;极端的;根本的 22.abnormal adj. 反常的,畸形的 normal adj. 正常的,一般的 23.weapon n. 武器,手段;兵器 24.fundamental adj. 十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n. 基本规律,根本法则,基础 fundamentally adv. 完全地;从根本上说 fundamental n. 基本原理;基础 25.pace n. 发生的速度,节奏;步速;快节奏 vi.& vt. 来回踱步,走来走去;确定速度,调整节奏 26.arise vi.(arose, arisen) 发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来 if/when the need arises如果/当有需要时 27.restrict vt. 限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 restriction n. 限制,约束 restricted adj. 受限制的 28.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能 prohibition n. 禁止;禁令 29.resistance n. 抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗 resist vi.& vt. 抵抗;抗拒 resistant adj. 抵抗的;抵制的 30.flu n. 流行性感冒,流感 31.characteristic n. 特征,特点 adj. 典型的,独特的 32.wrestle vi.& vt. 奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 wrestling n. 摔跤运动 wrestler n. 摔跤运动员 33.debate vt.& vi. 讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n. 讨论,争论;辩论 34.finding n. 调查发现,调研结果 find vt. 发现 35.ripe adj. 成熟的;时机成熟的 36.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew,withdrawn) 脱离(社会),不与人交往;(使)撤回;(使)退出;停止提供 withdrawal n. 撤走,收回;提款 37.equip vt. 配备;使有能力 equipment n. 设备 a piece of equipment一件设备 38.artificial adj. 人工的,人造的;人为的;虚假的 39.limb n. 肢,臂,腿 40.rubber n. 橡胶;橡皮 41.outgoing adj. 外向的 42.grateful adj. 感激的,表示感谢的 gratitude n. 感谢;感激之情 gratefully adv. 感激地;感谢地 43.disabled adj. 有残疾的,丧失能力的 disability n. 缺陷,障碍 the disabled残疾人 mentally disabled有心理缺陷的 learning disabled有学习障碍的 44.conventional adj. 传统的,习惯的;依照惯例的,遵循习俗的 45.leather n. 皮革 46.sensory adj. 感觉的,感官的 47.patent n. 专利,专利证书 adj. 有专利的,受专利保护的 48.fuel vt. 增加,刺激;给……提供燃料 n. 燃料 49.disturb vt. 使不安;打扰;搅乱 disturbing adj. 令人不安的;引起恐慌的 disturbed adj. 心神不安的;坎坷的 50.tackle vt. 应付,处理,解决 51.head-on adv. 积极地,果断地;正面相撞地 adj. 迎头相撞的;正面反对的 52.adjust vt.& vi. 调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理 adjustment n. 调整;调节 adjustable adj. 可调节的 53.centimetre (AmE centimeter) n. 厘米 54.acupuncture n. 针刺疗法 55.needle n. 针;注射针;指针 56.evidence n. 证据,证明;物证,人证 vt. 证明,表明 evident adj. 明显的 evidently adv. 明显地,显然的 57.solid adj. 实心的;固体的;结实的;纯色的 58.switch vi.& vt. 转变;交换;调班 n. 开关,闸;转变,改变 59.stainless adj. 不生锈的 60.steel n. 钢;钢铁工业 61.millimetre (AmE millimeter) n.毫米 62.clinic n. 私人诊所;门诊部;门诊时间 63.examine vt. 检查,检验;审查,调查;考,测试;审问 examination n. 考试;检查 64.tongue n. 舌头;语言 65.pulse n. 脉搏 vi. 搏动,跳动;洋溢着 66.wrist n. 手腕,腕关节 67.organ n. 器官;风琴;机构,机关 68.severe adj. 十分严重的,极为恶劣的;严厉的;艰难的 69.anxiety n. 焦虑;担心;渴望 anxious adj. 焦虑的;担忧的;渴望的;急切的 anxiously adv. 焦急地;担忧地 70.abuse vt. 滥用;虐待;辱骂 n. 滥用;虐待;辱骂 71.alcohol n. 酒精,酒 alcoholic adj. 酒精的;含酒精的 n. 酒鬼;嗜酒如命者 72.tobacco n. 烟草 73.drug n. 毒品;药物 74.phenomenon n.(pl.phenomena )现象 75.substance n. 物质;要点 76.symbol n. 象征;符号,代号 77.widespread adj. 分布广的,普遍的,广泛的 78.bandage n. 绷带 79.infection n. 传染,感染 infected adj. 被感染的 infectious adj. 传染性的;感染的 80.department n.(医院的)科,部门,局,系 ◆背核心短语 1.relate to涉及,与……有关 2.prohibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 3.wrestle with努力处理,全力解决 4.put sth.in place准备就绪 5.without doubt毫无疑问,的确 6.a ripe old age高龄 7.go to great lengths to do sth.竭尽全力做某事,不遗余力做某事 8.date back to追溯到,始于,自……至今 ◆背单元语块 1.a new weapon in the fight against diseases对抗疾病的新武器 2.be more likely to catch a certain virus更有可能感染某种病毒 3.increase the human resistance to colds and flu增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力 4.restore a blind person’s vision恢复盲人的视力 5.give someone an excellent sense of hearing使某人拥有敏锐的听力 6.shape our lives塑造我们的人生 7.determine our lifespan决定我们的寿命 8.the possibilities this scientific advance can bring这一科学进步能带来的可能性 1.make+it+adj.+to do Ultimately,this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. 最终,这项新技术甚至有可能通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病的发展。 2.as引导时间状语从句 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace,however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. 然而,随着这一技术不断迅速发展,出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 3.独立主格 Up to now,more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified,each linked to a different part of the body. 到目前为止,已有360多个针刺穴位被确认,每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 4.there be 句型;现在分词短语作定语 For example,there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain,but no agreement has been reached. 例如,有几种不同的理论试图解释针灸如何缓解疼痛,但没有达成一致。 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1.a 　　　　　　performing an operation 一位做手术的外科医生  2.a practising 　　　　　　一位执业医师  3.a research 　　　　　　从事研究工作的化学家  4.go to the 　　　　　　去看牙医  5.　　　　　　 genome editing至关重要的基因组编辑  6.inside a 　　　　　　在细胞内  7.a living 　　　　　　生物  surgeon physician chemist dentist game-changing cell being 8.　　　　　　 a certain 　　　　　　感染某种病毒  9.develop a particular form of 　　　　　　患有某种特定类型的癌症  10.an effective 　　　　　　一种有效的方式  11.　　　　　　 all 全部删除  12.　　　　　　 a blind person’s vision 恢复一位盲人的视力  13.a new 　　　　　　一种新武器  14.a 　　　　　　change 一个重大的改变  15.at a fast 　　　　　　以一种快的节奏  contract virus cancer means delete restore weapon fundamental pace 16.questions 　　　　　　问题出现  17.select specific 　　　　　　选择特定的特征  18.　　　　　　 with such moral issues 解决这些道德问题  19.a 　　　　　　on genome editing 关于基因组编辑的争论  20.magic 　　　　　　魔法针  21.　　　　　　 rock实心岩  22.　　　　　　 to the nursing school转到护理学院  23.the acupuncture 　　　　　　针灸门诊  24.feel one’s 　　　　　　给……把脉  arise　 characteristics wrestle debate needles solid switch clinic pulse 25.a major body 　　　　　　一个主要的身体器官  26.　　　　　　 pains 严重的疼痛  27.　　　　　　 alcohol/drug酗酒/滥用药物  28.explain this 　　　　　　解释这种现象  29.the production of a 　　　　　　一种物质的产生  30.a 　　　　　　of Chinese culture中国文化的象征  31.come into 　　　　　　use开始普遍使用  32.the emergency 　　　　　　急诊科  organ severe abuse phenomenon substance symbol widespread department 第二组　拓展词汇 1.　　　　　 n.医师,内科医生→　　　　 n.物理学→_________ n.物理学家  2.　　　　　　 n.药剂师,药商;化学家→　　　　　　 n.化学制品adj.化学的;化学作用的→　　　　　　 n.化学  3.　　　　　 　 vi.专门研究(或从事),专攻→__________　　　　　　 adj.特殊的,特别的;有专门目的的,起专门作用的  4.　　　　 vt.找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份→__________　　　　　　 n.身份;特征;一致→　　　　　　 n.确认;身份证明;识别,辨认  physician physics physicist chemist chemical chemistry specialize/specialise special identify identity identification 5.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述→____________　　　　　　 adj.有联系的,相关的;有亲属关系的→　　　　　　 adj.相比较而言的→　　　　　　 n.联系;亲属→　　　　　　 n.关系,联系  6.　　　　　　 adv.最终;根本上→　　　　　　 adj.最终的;根本的  7.　　　　　　 adj.反常的,畸形的→　　　　　　 adj.正常的  8.　　　　　　 adj.十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的n.基本规律,根本法则,基础→　　　　　　 adv.根本上;基本上  9.　　　　　　 vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束→__________　　　　　　 adj.(大小或数量)有限的,很小的;(指能做的事)有限的,受限制的→ 　　　　　　 n.限制;约束;制约因素;限制规定  relate related relative relation relationship ultimately ultimate abnormal normal fundamental fundamentally restrict restricted restriction 10.　　　　　　 vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能→____________　　　　　　 n.(尤指通过法律的)禁止;禁令  11.　　　　　　 n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗→_____________　　　　　　 vi.& vt.抵制,阻挡;反抗  12.　　　　　　 n.调查发现,调研结果→　　　　　　 vt.(意外或偶然地)发现,碰到;找到  13.　　　　 adj.成熟的;时机成熟的→　　　　　 vi.& vt.(使)成熟  14.　　　　vt.配备;使有能力→__________ n.设备;配备,装备  prohibit prohibition resistance resist finding find ripe ripen equip equipment 15.　　　　　　 adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的→　　　　　　 vt.使丧失能力,使伤残→　　　　　　 n.缺陷,障碍  16.　　　　　　 adj.传统的,习惯的;依照惯例的,遵循习俗的→ 　　　　　　 n.习俗;常规;惯例  17.　　　　　　 adj.感觉的,感官的→　　　　　　 n.传感器,敏感元件→　　　　　　 n.感觉官能;感觉,意识vt.感觉到,意识到  18.　　　　　　 vt.使不安;打扰;搅乱→　　　　　　 adj.令人不安的,引起烦恼的  19.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理→___________　　　　　　 n.调整,调节;适应→　　　　　　 adj.可调整的,可调节的  disabled disable disability conventional convention sensory sensor sense disturb disturbing adjust adjustment adjustable 20.　　　　　　 adj.不生锈的→　　　　　　 n.污点vt.& vi.留下污渍  21.　　　　 vt.检查,检验;审查,调查;考,测试;审问→________n.主考人,考官;审查人,检查人→　　 　　 n.检查,检验;审查,调查  22.　　　　　　 adj.十分严重的,极为恶劣的;严厉的;艰难的→ 　　　　　　 adv.严重地;严厉地  23.　　　　　　 n.焦虑;担心;渴望→　　　　　　 adj.忧虑的,担心的;令人焦虑的;渴望的→　　　　　　 adv.焦虑地  stainless stain examine examiner examination severe severely anxiety anxious anxiously 24.　　　　　　 vt.& n.滥用;虐待;辱骂→　　　　　　 adj.辱骂的,恶语的,毁谤的;虐待的  25.　　　　　　 n.象征;符号,代号→　　　　　　 vt.象征,是……的象征,代表  26.　　　　　　 n.传染,感染→　　　　　　 vt.传染,使感染→ 　　　　　　 adj.传染性的,感染的  abuse abusive symbol symbolize infection infect infectious 第三组　重点短语 1.　　　　　　　　 涉及,与……有关  2.　　 　　　　　　 禁止某人做某事  3.　　　　　　　　 努力处理,全力解决  4.　　　　　　　　 准备就绪  5.　　　　　　　　 毫无疑问,的确  6.　　　　　　　　 高龄  7.　　　　　　 　 　 竭尽全力做某事,不遗余力做某事  8.　　　　　　　　 追溯到,始于,自……至今  relate to prohibit sb. from doing sth. wrestle with put sth.in place without doubt a ripe old age go to great lengths to do sth. date back to 第四组　课文佳句 1.Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are ___________________genome editing.  在我的职业生涯中,我见证过许多了不起的科研成果,但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。 2.Ultimately, this new technology might even _________________ 　 diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.  最终,这项新技术甚至有可能通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病的发展。 make it possible to as game-changing as prevent 3.As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  然而,随着这一技术不断迅速发展,出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 4.Without them, genome editing 　 　　　　　　　　　out of control.  没有它们,基因组编辑可能和失去控制的汽车一样危险。 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and debated on the subject of genome editing.  关于基因组编辑这一主题,仍然有许多有待探索和讨论的地方。 There is still much to be explored how to use it appropriately could be as dangerous as a car 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.(2024·北京卷)Modern sciences have revealed that our perceptual experience of the world is the result of many stages of processing by 　　　　　　 (sense)systems and cognitive functions in the brain.  2.(2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly 　　　　　　 (affect) at getting grizzlies away.  3.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more 　　　　　　 (convention) veterinarian.  conventional sensory effective 4.(北师大选必二U5)With these severe 　　　　　　 (restrict) to her communication, Helen’s behaviour was often unbearable.  5.(2024·北京卷)The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe 　　　　　　 (ultimate)consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable.  6.(2023·全国乙卷)In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a 　　　　　　 (physics).  7.The newspaper reported that a back injury forced her to _________　　 　from Wimbledon.But the next day it publisheda 　　 　　.(withdraw)  withdrawal　 restrictions ultimately physician withdraw 8.The young guy waited 　　　　　　.Perhaps he didn’t know 　　　　　　 comes from not being able to adapt himself in his own existence.(anxious)  9.The desks and chairs are 　　　　　　 and you can ___________　　　　　　 them to the height of the students.The 　　　　　　 is not difficult to make.(adjust)  10.The material, which is 　　　　　　 to many chemicals,has good 　　　　　　 to shock.However, some building bosses __________ 　　　　　　 using it because of high costs.(resist)  resist anxiously anxiety adjustable adjust adjustment resistant resistance　 Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1.(北师大选必二U5)She’d had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (理解海伦的困难).  2.Considering the safety, we must ____________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 _______(禁止游客投喂动物) in the park.  3.They will ______________________________________________ ____________________(竭尽全力帮助在地震中失去父母的孩子).  4.They’re offended by the elaborate security measures the police have 　　　　　　 (准备就绪).  put in place　 relate to Helen’s difficulties prohibit visitors from feeding the animals go to great lengths to help the children who lost their parents in the earthquake 5.The smartphone is 　　　　　　　　 (毫无疑问) one of the most important inventions of all time because it’s so useful.  6.Matilda was born in northern Italy in 1910 and apparently lived to 　　　　　　　　 (高龄).  7.The government is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (努力处理困难的经济问题).  8.It’s believed that these plant fossils 　　　　　　　　 (追溯到) the age of the dinosaurs.  date back to without doubt a ripe old age wrestling with difficult economic problems Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1.没有你的帮助,我的中文不可能在这么短的时间内提高得这么快。 Without your help, I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 my Chinese so rapidly in such a short time.  2.我们老师立下一个规矩,课堂上不能讲话。 Our teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in class.  3.尽管我愿意帮忙,但是我没有多少时间。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I do not have much time available.  While I am willing to help couldn’t have improved makes it a rule not to talk 4.随着秋天的到来,她变得焦躁不安——同样的旅行癖又回来了。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, she gets restless—the same old wanderlust returning.  5.如今,这些洞穴与人们在丝绸之路上跋涉时一样国际化。 Today, the caves are just 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.  as international as As autumn comes 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业31　Unit 3　Fit for life Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动→ n.作用;影响→ n.喜爱 effect affection (1)be deeply affected by被……深深打动 be affected with感染……疾病 (2)have an effect/influence on对……产生影响 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)AI will (effect) us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. ②I propose that you choose some gifts with New Zealand features,which is bound to win your friend’s (affect). ③Many young people were affected by his story.They began to do volunteer work for the disabled. → , many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(分词短语作状语)  affect affection Affected by his story ④我深爱我的妈妈,她的言行对我有着积极的影响。(人物介绍) I ,whose words and actions______ ___________________________.  [实战贴士]　表示“被深深地感动”的短语还有:be deeply moved, be deeply touched等。 feel much affection for my mum positive effect on me have a 2.relate vi.& vt.联系,使有联系; 叙述,讲述→ adj.相关的;有亲属关系的→ n.关系,联系 (1)relate sth. to sb.向某人叙述/讲述某事 relate...to把……和……联系在一起 relate to sb./sth.涉及;与……相关;能够理解并同情 (2)be related to和……有关的;和……有联系的 (3)in relation to 关于;与……相比 related relation ①(2023·北京卷)A “habit loop(环)” is a way of describing several ________(relate) elements that produce habits. ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate . ③This heart attack may be linked to his overwork. →This heart attack may his overwork.   related to be related to ④明晚要举行的聚会与中国传统习俗有关。(活动介绍) The party to be held tomorrow evening traditional Chinese customs.   [实战贴士]　表示“与……有关”的短语还有:be connected with, be concerned with, have something to do with等。 is related to 3.means n.(pl.means)方法,方式;财富,钱财→ v.表示……的意思;意思是adj.吝啬的;小气的→ n.意思;含义 mean meaning (1)a means of transportation一种交通方式 by all means尽一切办法;务必 by means of借助;依靠 by no means决不;一点也不(置于句首用倒装) (2)mean (sb./sth.) doing sth.意味着…… mean sth.to sb.对某人来说意味着…… mean to do sth.意欲;打算;旨在 be meant to be被普遍认为是 ①Every possible means (try) to treat his cancer so far,but none has worked.  ②All possible means (try) to treat his cancer so far,but none has worked.  ③读书就是要获取信息,消化理解并内化成为自己的东西。(建议信) the information,digesting it and incorporating it into oneself.  has been tried have been tried Reading means taking in 4.arise vi.(arose;arisen;arising)发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生;引起;起身,起床 arise from=arise out of由……引起/产生;从……中产生 arise against群起反对;奋起斗争 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来 ①Emotional or mental problems can arise a physical cause. ②A number of high buildings have (arise)where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. ③In the end, the workers arose their cruel bosses. ④有些人不赞成上课。在他们看来,许多心理问题是太多的学习负担导致的。 Some people disapprove of having classes.In their opinion,many mental problems .  [实战贴士]　arise为不及物动词,表示“出现,发生”时,主语一般为argument, difficulty, misunderstanding, problem, quarrel, trouble等抽象名词,无被动语态。 from arisen against arise from too much study burden [类词对比]　 原形及含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 arise vi.出现;发生;起身 arose arisen arising rise vi.升起;增长 rose risen rising raise vt.举起;筹集;抚养;饲养;提高 raised raised raising arouse vt.唤醒;激起 aroused aroused arousing 5.without doubt 毫无疑问,确实 (1)There is little doubt that...几乎没有疑问…… There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……(that在句中引导同位语从句,作doubt的同位语) (2)There is no doubt of/about...毫无疑问…… There is some doubt whether...有……疑问 (3)I don’t/never doubt that...我确信…… I doubt whether/if...我怀疑是否…… (4)beyond doubt(=without doubt)无疑;确实 ①The running race has been, doubt,one of the most rewarding events we have participated in so far. ②我怀疑他是否能够胜任他要申请的这个职位。 →_____________________he is qualified for the position he wants to apply for.(doubt v.)  → he is qualified for the position he wants to apply for. (doubt n.)  without/beyond I doubt whether/if I have some doubt whether ③毫无疑问,对于这个问题,不同的人有不同的看法。 as to this issue,different people have different ideas.  [实战贴士]　doubt作动词时:在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句;在肯定句中,doubt后面接whether或if引导的宾语从句。 There is no doubt that 6.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew;withdrawn)(使)撤回;(使)退出;停止提供;脱离(社会),不与人交往→ n.撤退;退回;取消 withdrawal (1)withdraw (sb./sth.) from把/使……从……中撤出/取出 withdraw to退到;撤退到 (2)make withdrawals提款,取款 ①He has made several (withdraw) from his account recently. ②Why did you withdraw the race? ③They have withdrawn a safer area. ④面对熊的凶猛攻击,埃莉(Elli)和我从栅栏边撤退到了帐篷。(动作描写) Faced with the fierce attack of the bear,Elli and I_________________ __________________________.  withdrawals from to withdrew from the inside of fence to the tent 7.equip vt.(equipped;equipped;equipping)配备;使有能力→ n.[U]装备,配备;设备 equipment (1)equip...with...用……装备…… be equipped to do sth.能够胜任某事 be equipped with装备着…… equip sb. for/to do sth.使某人为(做)某事作好准备 (2)a piece of equipment一件设备 ①It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped _________ (speak).  ②If it were not for the modern (equip),such experiments would not be performed. ③我们想让我们的儿子接受良好的教育,为将来的生活作好准备。(日常生活) We want our son to receive a good education that will____________ __________.  to speak equipment equip him for future life 8.adjust vt.& vi.调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理→ n.调整;调节;适应→ adj.可调节的 adjustment adjustable (1)adjust sth. to sth.调整……以适应…… adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth.(使自己)适应于(做)某事 (2)make an adjustment作出调整 ①When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to ______ (live) on his own. ②Animals adjust themselves their environment. ③The (adjust)glasses can give you a clear vision at a distance. ④得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难,我写信给你一些建议,希望能对你有帮助。(建议信) Knowing that_____________________________________________ _______________, I’m writing to give you some tips,which I hope will be of help to you.  living to adjustable you have some difficulty in adjusting yourself to the new school life 9.date back to追溯到,始于,自……至今 (1)date back to=date from追溯到…… (2)out of date过时的,陈旧的 up to date最近的,新式的,现代的 ①Every year,a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower which (date) back to the eleventh century. ②According to the expert,the temple has a history (date) from the early Tang Dynasty. ③这个节日可追溯到明代,是为了庆祝秋天的收获,在每年的十一月份举行。 The festival ______________________________________________ in autumn,is held in November every year.(分词短语作定语)  [实战贴士]　date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。常用现在分词形式作后置定语。 dates dating dating back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest 10.resistance n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗→ vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡→ adj.有抵抗力的;抵制的 resist resistant (1)resistance to对……的抵制/抵抗 (2)resist (doing) sth.抵制(做)某事 can’t resist doing sth.忍不住做某事 (3)be resistant to sth.对某事有抵抗力;抵制某事 ①Sometimes we can’t resist (persuade) to buy things that we don’t need at all.  ②I prefer the plants that are (resist) to bad climate. ③I’m afraid that we would meet a certain amount of _____________ (resist) to our plan. ④缺乏适当的营养会降低他们抵抗疾病的能力。 Lack of proper nourishment will reduce_______________________.  being persuaded resistant resistance their power to resist diseases 11.switch vi.& vt.转变;交换;调班n.开关,闸;转变,改变 (1)switch off不再注意;失去兴趣;(用开关)关掉,关上 switch on(用开关)开,打开 switch over(方法、产品等)改变,转变 switch to切换到;转到;转变成 switch from sth.to sth.从某物转向某物 switch between...and...在……之间切换 switch sth.from sth.to sth.把……从……换成…… switch sth.around切换某物 switch with与……交换 (2)make a switch转变一下 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)I experienced this when I started switching a zero waste lifestyle five years ago. ②Press these two keys to switch documents on screen. ③He was tired after the hard work, so he switched the radio . ④She made the switch full-time part-time work. ⑤他拿出一个特殊的装置,指向嫌疑人,然后打开它。那个小偷倒在了地上。(动作描写) He pulls out a special device,points it at the suspect,and_____________.  The thief drops to the ground.  to between off from to switches it on 12.特殊疑问词+不定式 [教材原句]　As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace,however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而,随着这一技术不断迅速发展,出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 (1)“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语,特殊疑问词包括疑问代词(who,what,which)和疑问副词(when,where,how)。 (2)whether后可接不定式,或与or连用,而if不能。 ①When and where (hold) the meeting remains to be discussed further.  ②With Teachers’ Day approaching,we’ve decided which classrooms ____________(decorate).  ③她告诉我面临困难的时候如何保持冷静。(人物介绍) She told me .  to hold to decorate how to keep calm when I’m facing challenges Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.(外研选必一U1)We are (special) trained clowns who work as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”. 2.(人教选必一U5)In fact,some pesticides like DDT ________________ (prohibit) in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.  3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Over 28 states have passed laws (relate)to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. specially have been prohibited related 4.(人教选必一U2)They can warn you early on if there is something _____________(normal) or if you have a critical illness,such as cancer,and potentially save your life. 5.(人教选必三U3)There is little doubt Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 6.(北师大选必三U7)Compared to students who had not been involved in the study,they also showed a better understanding of the (able) students’ feelings. 7.At this point,it is not clear why dogs seem (equip)with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.  abnormal that disabled to be equipped Ⅱ.完成句子/一句多译——活用短语、句式 1.没有保罗的好心帮忙,马克绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。 with bare hands without the help of kind-hearted Paul.(means, 倒装句)  2.休息时,我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。 At break,our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters _______ _________________________.(分词短语作定语)  By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away from his class arising 3.在高中时,迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情。这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。 Mike’s mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school,____________________________________________________ ________.(现在分词短语作结果状语)  4.总的来说,英文报Youth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。 →In summary,the English newspaper Youth _______________.I am often deeply affected by countless moving stories in the newspaper.(affect)  →In summary,the English newspaper Youth . I am often deeply affected by countless moving stories in the newspaper.(effect)  making it difficult for him to adjust to the first year of college life affects me greatly has a great effect on me Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——一词多义 1.arise A.v.起床　 B.v.由……引起　 C.v.起身　 D.v.出现 (1)Seeing his mother return home,the boy arose from his chair immediately. ___ (2)What problems do you think may arise when humans are cloned? ____ (3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. ____ (4)As is known to all,traffic accidents often arise from carelessness. ___ C D A B 2.switch A.n.开关　 B.n.改变,转变　 C.v.调班 (1)Please press the switch on your right to turn the lights off. ___ (2)I can’t work next weekend—will you switch with me? ___ (3)When did you make the switch from coal to gas in this house? ___ A C B 3.pace A.n.发生的速度;步伐　 B.n.节奏　 C.v.确定速度;调整节奏　 D.v.走来走去 (1)The ball gathered pace as it rolled down the hill. ___ (2)She stood up and began to pace up and down. ___ (3)The online classes will give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace. ___ (4)It’s a long climb,so you have to pace yourself. ___ A D B C 培优2　单元话题写作——急救知识 　　根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　Cuts are ① (我们日常生活中非常常见的伤),which will cause pain,swelling or bleeding.② (更糟糕的是),the victims may get infected or even die.③ (因此),④________________________________ ______________ (了解一些急救知识很重要;difference).The following steps can be used to treat cuts.  very common injuries in our daily life What’s worse Therefore a knowledge of first aid can make a big difference For a simple cut,it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut,dry it and ⑤ (用干燥而干净的布包扎伤口).If the person ⑥______________________ 流血很严重), it is vital that you should try to ⑦_________________ ______________________________(通过向伤口施压止血;by). That is because if a person loses one third of his or her blood,he or she may die.If necessary,take the injured person to the hospital immediately.  cover it with a piece of dry and clean cloth is bleeding badly/heavily stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the wound 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [人物描写]　outgoing adj.外向的　surgeon n.外科医生　disabled adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的　disability n.缺陷,障碍 [动作描写]　affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动　pace vt.& vi.来回踱步,走来走去　arise vi.(由……)引起,(因……)产生　wrestle with努力处理,全力解决　abuse vt.滥用;虐待;辱骂 [情感描写]　without doubt毫无疑问,的确　grateful adj.感激 的,表示感谢的　disturb vt.使不安;打扰;搅乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的;引起恐慌的　anxiety n.焦虑;担心;渴望 美句 1.Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases? Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?(设问) 2.How acupuncture actually works is not clearly understood. For example,there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain,but no agreement has been reached.(举例子) Step 2　语料运用【励志故事】 　　丈夫踱来踱去,妻子充满焦虑。毫无疑问,令人不安的事情发生在了他们身上。他们唯一的外向活泼的儿子汤姆,因滥用药而残疾了。出乎意料的是,汤姆接受了他的残疾。 　 The husband ①________________ ______,and the wife ②_____________ ________.③______________,something disturbing happened to them.Their only son Tom,④________________________ _____________________________(who 引导非限制性定语从句).Out of their expectations,Tom ⑤________________ ________. paced back and forth was full of anxiety Without doubt who was outgoing became disabled on account of drug abuse accepted his disability 深受一个励志故事的影响,他决心成为父母的骄傲。他会全力解决他所遇到的困难。他坚信他成为一名优秀外科医生的梦想会实现。 ⑥___________________________ (过去分词短语作状语),he determined to be his parents’ pride.⑦________________________________________(try one’s best to...) he met.He was convinced that his dream of being an excellent surgeon would come true.  Affected by an inspiring story He would try his best to wrestle with difficulties 语料积累 【动作细节描写:眼睛(一)】 单词 wink;sparkle;twinkle 词块 fix/focus one’s eyes on盯着;lower/drop one’s eyes垂下眼睛;raise/lift one’s eyes抬起眼睛;tear one’s eyes away from恋恋不舍地把目光从……挪开;narrow one’s eyes眯起眼睛;keep an eye on注视 句型 She laughed, her eyes shining/sparkling with excitement.(独立主格) 她笑了,眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Unforgettable were her eyes that shone like diamonds.(比喻) 令人难忘的是,她的眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发光。 Tears welled up in my eyes as my dad fixed/focused his eyes on me.(时间状语从句) 当爸爸盯着我时,眼泪从我的眼睛里涌了出来。 课时作业31　Unit 3　Fit for life Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2024·全国甲卷) The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers—it accepts only the sick.The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization.The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation.For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).Then it starts all over again the next month.Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups.“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke.“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一列特殊的火车——圣卢卡斯火车,这列火车不载普通乘客,只载病人,它是前往俄罗斯中部和东部偏远城镇的五列政府资助的医疗列车之一。火车上的医生和护士为乡村人口提供基本的医疗保健、X射线扫描和处方。 1 2 3 4 1.How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains?(　　) A.It runs across countries. B.It reserves seats for the seniors. C.It functions as a hospital. D.It travels along a river. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,圣卢卡斯火车不接收普通乘客,只接收病人,并为乡村人口提供基本的医疗服务。因此,它的功能类似于医院。故选C。 1 2 3 4 2.What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk?(　　) A.It is heavily populated. B.It offers training for doctors. C.It is a modern city. D.It needs medical aid. D 解析:推理判断题。根据第三段可知,俄罗斯政府在贫困的乡村地区,如伏尔加河以东的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克,采取了一些措施来解决公共医疗服务现代化的问题,包括视频预约医生和扩展财政援助项目以激励医生在偏远地区行医。这表明克拉斯诺亚尔斯克需要医疗援助。故选D。 1 2 3 4 3.How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply?(　　) A.About a year. B.About ten months. C.About two months. D.About two weeks. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段“For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock.”可知,圣卢卡斯火车每次补给可以持续工作大约两周。故选D。 1 2 3 4 4.What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services?(　　) A.Appreciative.　　　　　　B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious. A 解析:观点态度题。根据最后一段Ducke的话“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned”和“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知,Ducke对圣卢卡斯火车提供的服务表示赞赏。故选A。 B (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“I am not crazy,” says Dr.William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit.“I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh.He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says.“I will do anything to help an animal.That’s my job.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了兽医William Farber正在利用“整体”医学来治疗动物,“整体”医学就是将传统的西方疗法与针灸、按摩疗法和草药结合起来。 5.What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?(　　) A.He’s odd. B.He’s strict. C.He’s brave. D.He’s rude. 5 6 7 8 A 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods”可知,他的一些同事会嘲笑他的不寻常的治疗方法,所以Farber的一些同事认为他很古怪。故选A。 6.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?(　　) A.He was trained in it at university. B.He was inspired by another veterinarian. C.He benefited from it as a patient. D.He wanted to save money for pet owners. 5 6 7 8 C 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段可知,20 年前,他患上了严重的背痛,他尝试了肌肉松弛药物,但收效甚微。后来,他尝试了针灸,惊奇地发现经过两三次治疗后,他的疼痛有所缓解。所以他决定给他的“病人”使用针灸疗法。故选C。 7.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?(　　) A.Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B.The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C.Examples of rare animal diseases. D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 5 6 7 8 D 解析:段落大意题。第三段主要举了两个例子来说明Farber利用“整体”医学有效治疗动物。故选D。 8.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?(　　) A.To prove Farber’s point. B.To emphasize its importance. C.To praise veterinarians. D.To advocate animal protection. 5 6 7 8 A 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700”可知,自1982年以来,美国整体兽医医学协会的会员从30个增加到700多个。这说明美国整体兽医医学逐渐受到欢迎,证明了Farber利用“整体”医学来治疗动物的观点是正确的。故选A。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) 　 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者生来就患有呼吸系统疾病,在病情恶化后接受了肺移植手术,并成功获得了新的肺的故事。在手术前,作者生活在病痛中,甚至做日常任务都是困难的。但通过移植手术,她重获健康,可以像正常人一样生活和照顾自己的儿子,她很感恩捐赠者和他的家人。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 When my son Reace celebrated his sixth birthday two years ago, he made a wish that I would get a transplant.Less than a week later, his wish came true when I received new 　1　.  Born with a breathing disease, I was able to manage my 　2　 without a hospital visit until I was 23.At 30, 　3　, it steadily worsened and I was 　4　 for a transplant.I started having check-ups once a year, then every six months, then every three months until I was 　5　 living at the hospital and reliant on oxygen to survive.Everyday 　6　 like having a shower or brushing my hair became 　7　.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 After four months on the list, I 　8　 the call to say a pair of lungs was available.The transplant was successful and the 　9　 was noticeable.Before my transplant I had been so 　10　, I couldn’t even walk from the couch to the front door without 　11　 my breath—and it was only six paces. 　12　, I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference.I had 　13　 what it would be like to be a 　14　 person and now I know.I can do everything an ordinary mum would do:housework, workout, or taking Reace to basketball.  I am extremely grateful to my 　15　 and his family.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 1.A.medicines　　　　　　 B.gifts C.lungs D.hearts 答案:C 解析:根据下文“After four months on the list, I 　8　 the call to say a pair of lungs was available.”可知,作者是得到了新的肺。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 2.A.condition B.weight C.stress D.emotion 答案:A 解析:根据上文“Born with a breathing disease”可知,作者生来就患有呼吸系统疾病,因此指在不用去医院的情况下,控制自己的健康状况。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.besides 答案:B 解析:根据上文“Born with a breathing disease, I was able to manage my 　2　 without a hospital visit until I was 23.”可知,23岁之前,患病的作者不用去医院,再结合下文“it steadily worsened”可知,后来病情逐渐恶化,因此前后是转折关系,应用however“然而”衔接。故选B。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.scheduled B.hospitalized C.listed D.selected 答案:C 解析:根据下文“After four months on the list, I 　8　 the call to say a pair of lungs was available.”可知,在名单上待了四个月后,作者被通知可以接受肺移植,因此是被列入移植名单。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.barely B.previously C.temporarily D.basically 答案:D 解析:根据上文“I started having check-ups once a year, then every six months, then every three months”可知,作者的病情在逐步恶化,去医院检查的频次明显升高,因此最终应该是基本上住在医院里。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.tasks B.challenges C.decisions D.concerns 答案:A 解析:根据下文“like having a shower or brushing my hair”可知,洗澡或梳头都是一些日常任务。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.necessary B.fundamental C.impossible D.contradictory 答案:C 解析:根据上文“reliant on oxygen to survive”可知,作者此时依靠氧气生存,因此做这些事是不可能的。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.missed B.received C.returned D.rejected 答案:B 解析:根据下文“The transplant was successful”可知,作者的移植手术很成功,因此是接收到了这通电话。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.symptom B.damage C.trouble D.difference 答案:D 解析:根据下文“Before my transplant I had...or taking Reace to basketball.”可知,接受移植手术后的作者的情况和之前完全不同,因此是差异也很明显。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.sick B.nervous C.sensitive D.innocent 答案:A 解析:根据下文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知,作者已经习惯了喘不过气来,因此是病得很重。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.catching B.holding C.losing D.recovering 答案:C 解析:根据下文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知,作者已经习惯了喘不过气来,因此从沙发走六步到前门就会喘不过气来,固定短语lose one’s breath意为“喘不过气来”。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.Fortunately B.Actually C.Possibly D.Eventually 答案:B 解析:上文“Before my transplant I had been...know any difference”指出作者喘不过气来是常态,下文是对上文的进一步解释或补充说明,应用actually“事实上”衔接。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.understood B.experienced C.recalled D.wondered 答案:D 解析:根据上文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知,作者已经习惯了喘不过气来,因此会想知道能好好呼吸的正常人是什么样子。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.normal B.distinguished C.disabled D.responsible 答案:A 解析:根据上文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知,作者病得很重,已经习惯了喘不过气来,因此会对正常人的状态产生好奇。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.doctor B.nurse C.child D.donor 答案:D 解析:根据上文作者着重描述接受移植手术后自己的状况,以及下文“and his family”可知,作者感谢的是她的捐赠者和这位捐赠者的家人。故选D。 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1:sponsor v.赞助(活动、节目等);为慈善活动捐资,为义赛捐款;倡议,提交(法案等)　remote adj.遥远的 派生词汇 Para.2:appointment n.约定→appoint v.约定 Para.5:equipment n.设备→equip v.配备 熟词生义 Para.3:address常用义:n.地址　文章义:v.处理 核心短语 Para.1:on board在(车、船等)上 Para.3:come up with想出 Para.5:up to多达;直到 长难句 分析 The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.(Para.3) 分析:动词不定式to address the problem作后置定语,修饰measures;现在分词短语including...也作后置定语,修饰measures;动名词短语arranging...和expanding...作including的宾语;动词不定式to motivate作目的状语;动词不定式to practice作宾语补足语。 译文:政府一直在努力想出解决这一问题的措施,特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的乡村地区,包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约,扩大财政援助项目,以激励医生在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。 B篇 核心单词 Para.1:defensive adj.存有戒心的　occasionally adv.偶尔,有时　practice v.实行,奉行;n.惯常做法 Para.2:graduate n.(大学)毕业生　conventional adj.传统的　relief n.(痛苦等的)减轻 Para.3:ease v.(使)减轻　suffering n.疼痛 Para.4:approach n.方法　indication n.迹象　membership n.会员数 核心短语 Para.1:ahead of one’s time(观念)超前 Para.2:start out as 起初是(某身份) Para.3:put...to sleep 给(患病动物)实施安乐死 长难句 分析 He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.(Para.2) 分析:when引导定语从句修饰20 years ago。 译文:20年前,他遭受严重的背痛时,他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。 $$