必修1 Unit 3 Getting along with others-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版）

必修第一册 Unit 3　Getting along with others 主题语境　友谊 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 1.awkward adj.　 　　局促不安的; 令人尴尬的; 难对付的; 笨拙的 awkwardly adv. 令人尴尬地; 难对付地; 笨拙地 2.sight n. 视野; 视力; 看见 at first sight一看; 第一眼看到 catch sight of望见; 看到 lose sight of看不见; 忽略; 忘记 come into sight进入视野 背诵默写本 3.original adj. 起初的; 独创的; 原作的 origin n. 起源,起因; 出身 originally adv. 原始地,最初地 4.medium n.(pl.media) 传播信息的媒介,方法; 手段,工具 adj. 中等的,中号的 5.horrible adj. 令人震惊的; 可恶的,极坏的 horribly adv. 可怕地 horror n. 恐惧; 恐怖电影(或故事等) 6.chat vi.& n. 聊天,闲聊 have a chat with sb.about sth.与某人闲聊某事 7.café n. 咖啡馆,小餐馆 8.recover vi. 恢复健康; 恢复常态 vt. 全额收回; 寻回; 重新获得; 恢复,重新控制 recovery n. 康复,恢复 recover from从……中恢复; 痊愈 recover oneself恢复健康; 恢复正常; 恢复知觉 9.respond vi.& vt. 回答,回应; 作出反应,响应 response n. 回应 respond to响应,回应 10.loss n. 失去,丧失; 亏损; 去世; 损失 lose v. 丢失; 失去 lost adj. 迷路的; 迷失的 at a loss不知所措, 困惑 11.judge vt.& vi. 评价,(尤指)批评; 判断,认为 n. 法官; 裁判员 judg(e)ment n. 判决; 判断; 评价 as far as I can judge据我判断 12.apologize vi. 道歉,谢罪 apology n. 道歉,谢罪 accept/refuse one’s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb.an apology=owe an apology to sb.应向某人道歉 13.behaviour (AmE behavior) n. 行为,举止,态度 behave vt.& vi. 有礼貌; 表现 well-behaved adj. 表现好的 badly-behaved adj. 表现差的 behave well/badly to/towards sb.对某人好/差 behave oneself守规矩; 表现得体 14.case n. 具体情况,事例; 案件; 容器 in case假使; 万一 in any case无论如何,不管怎样 in that/this case既然那样/这样; 在那种/这种情况下 as is often the case这是常有的事 15.frank adj. 坦率的,直率的 frankly adv. 坦率地,直率地 frankly speaking老实说 16.definitely adv. 肯定,确实; 确切地 definite adj. 明确的,确定的 17.trick vt. 欺骗,欺诈 n. 诡计,花招; 戏法 18.ignore vt. 忽视,对……不予理会 ignorance n. 无知; 愚昧; 不懂 ignorant adj. 无知的 19.suffer vi. 受苦,受折磨; 变差 vt. 遭受,蒙受 suffering n. 痛苦,让人痛苦的事(常用复数) sufferer n. 患者,受害者 20.misunderstand vt.& vi. (misunderstood, misunderstood)误解,误会 misunderstanding n. 理解; 误会 21.contact vt.& n. 联系,联络 make contact with sb./get in contact with sb.与某人取得联系 keep in contact with sb.与某人保持联系 lose contact with sb.与某人失去联系 physical/eye contact身体/目光接触 22.explode vi. (愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发; 爆炸 vt. 使爆炸 explosion n. 爆炸,爆发; 激增 explode with anger勃然大怒 23.generous adj. 宽宏大量的,仁慈的; 慷慨的 generously adv. 慷慨地; 宽大地; 丰盛地 generosity n. 慷慨,大方; 宽宏大量 24.shallow adj. 肤浅的,浅薄的; 浅的 the shallow end of the pool游泳池的浅水区 a shallow argument肤浅的论点 25.blog n. 博客,网志 26.theme n. 主题; 主旋律 27.slave n. 奴隶 28.raft n. 木排,筏 29.opinion n. 意见,看法; (群体的)观点,信仰 30.quality n. 品德,素质; 质量; 特征 adj. 优质的,高质量的 of high/good/top quality质量好 of low/bad/poor quality质量差 31.basis n.(pl.bases) 基础; 原因; 基准 base n. 基地 v. 以……为基础 basic adj. 根本的,基本的 on a regular basis定期地 32.respect vt. 尊重,尊敬 n. 尊敬,敬意; 重视 out of respect出于尊重 send/give one’s respects to sb.代某人向某人致敬/问候 33.efficient adj. 效率高的,有功效的 efficiency n. 效率,效能 efficiently adv. 效率高地 34.extra adj. 额外的,分外的,附加的 adv. 额外,另外; 特别,格外 an extra 10 minutes额外的10分钟 at no extra cost不必另外付费 35.measure vt. 估量,判定; 测量 n. 措施; 衡量 in full measure最大程度地,最大限度地 36.reflection n. 沉思; 反射; 映像; 反映 reflect vt. 反映; 反射, 照出; 表达; 显示; 反省 vi. 反射; 深思 on reflection经再三考虑 37.seek (sought, sought) vi. 试图; 寻找; 争取 vt. 寻求; 寻找 seek out找出; 寻出 seek one’s fortune寻找成功(致富)的机会 38.escape vi.& vt. 逃脱,躲避; 逃跑; 避开,避免; 被遗忘 n. 逃离,逃脱 escaped adj. 逃脱的 sth.escape(s) sb.某事/物被某人忘记 have a narrow escape死里逃生 39.benefit n. 优势,益处,成效 vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于 beneficial adj. 有益的 40.comfort vt. 宽慰,抚慰 n. 舒服; 安慰 comfortable adj. 舒适的; 舒服的 comfortably adv. 舒适地 41.joy n. 高兴,愉快; 令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣 with/for joy开心地,高兴地 tears of joy喜悦的泪水 42.failure n. 失败; 失败的人(或事); 未履行; 故障 fail v. 失败; 未做; 出故障; 倒闭; 不及格 43.moment n. 时光,时机; 瞬间; 某个时刻 at the moment此刻,目前 the moment...一……就……(引导时间状语从句) 44.indeed adv. 其实,实际上; 的确; 真正地 45.well-meaning adj. 出于好心的,善意的 46.recognize vt. 承认,意识到; 认出,辨别出 recognition n. 识别; 承认,认出 47.thorough adj. 彻底的,全面的; 仔细的 thoroughly adv. 彻底地,全面地; 仔细地 48.death n. 死,死亡; 死亡状态 die v. 死 dead adj. 死的 deadly adj. 致命的 49.company n. 陪伴,作伴; 公司 companion n. 伙伴; 伴侣 50.crowd n. 一伙人,一帮人; 人群 vt. 挤满,使拥挤 vi. 聚集; 挤,涌 crowded adj. 拥挤的; 充满的 51.poet n. 诗人 poetry n. 诗歌 poem n. 诗,韵文 52.admire vt. 钦佩; 欣赏 admiration n. 钦佩; 羡慕 admirable adj. 令人钦佩的; 极好的; 值得赞扬的 ◆背核心短语 1.on the rocks (关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃 2.out of one’s sight 脱离某人的视线 3.make it能够出席; 准时到达; 获得成功 4.at a loss不知所措,困惑 5.in the wrong有错,应承担责任 6.in any case无论如何,不管怎样 7.let go of放弃,摒弃; 松手,放开 8.count on依赖,依靠,指望 9.eat away at腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏 10.come between...and...损害……之间的关系,离间; 妨碍 11.in person亲自,亲身 12.high point最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13.through thick and thin不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦 14.in one’s opinion在某人看来 15.get over克服; 恢复常态 16.bring out使显现,使表现出 17.smooth out消除(问题),克服(困难) 18.be meant to do sth.注定要做某事,应做某事 19.take on呈现,具有 20.in full measure最大程度地,最大限度地 ◆背单元语块 1.be willing to make friends愿意做朋友 2.hang out at the weekend周末出去闲逛 3.break one’s heart伤心 4.pick up the pieces收拾心情 5.have fun with someone else和别人玩得开心 6.be worth saving值得挽回 7.value one’s friendship珍惜友谊 8.rethink one’s relationship反思关系 9.come and go in life有聚有散 10.walk the “path of life”走在人生的道路上 11.wish to be alone with our own thoughts希望独自思考 12.lead to personal improvement实现自我完善 13.achieve the goals we set实现既定目标 14.share with friends our joy,sadness,success and failure 和朋友分享我们的喜悲成败 15.put our thoughts into words把自己的想法付诸语言 1.“since+时间点”与现在完成时连用 Since then,a close friendship has grown between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me. 从那时起,我们之间建立了一份亲密的友谊,她几乎就像我的姐妹。 2.whether...or...引导状语从句 Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. 无论我们是去上学,做家庭作业还是周末闲逛,我们几乎从来没离开过彼此的视线。 3.动词不定式作表语 Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon. 我们最初的计划是那天下午去电影院看电影。 4.see sb.doing sth. A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. 一个同学告诉我,她在周六下午看到我的朋友和另一个女孩在咖啡馆聊天。 5.so...that... I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages. 我如此生气以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她,(现在)我仍然不想回复她的任何网上信息。 6.部分否定句 Not everyone agrees on which is the most important. 并不是每个人都同意哪个是最重要的。 7.it作宾语 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own. 我们经常发现,认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。 8.it should be pointed out that...; it作形式主语 Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 最后,需要指出的是,与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1. an primary school student一个笨拙的小学生 2. with another girl和另一个女孩聊天 3. to any of her online messages回复她的任何 网上信息 4. have a full and talk进行一次详尽且坦率的聊天 5. be by him被他欺骗 awkward chat respond frank tricked 6. Amy me艾米误会了我 7. us联系我们 8. a person一个慷慨的人 9. help寻求帮助 10. a really scary ⁠一个非常吓人的时刻 11. ahead of his time的确领先于他的时代 12. friends or family好心的朋友或家人 13. a examination一次全面的检查 14. the quality of the 酒的质量 misunderstood contact generous seek moment indeed well-meaning thorough wine 第二组　拓展词汇 1. adj. 起初的; 独创的; 原作的→ ⁠ adv. 起初, 原来→ n. 起源, 起因; 出身→ ⁠ v. 起源; 创立 2. adj. 令人震惊的; 可恶的, 极坏的→ ⁠ adv. 可怕地→ n. 震惊, 恐惧; 恐怖电影(或故事等) 3. vi. 恢复健康; 恢复常态vt. 全额收回; 寻回; 重新 获得; 恢复, 重新控制→ n. 恢复; 复苏; 复得 original originally origin originate horrible horribly horror recover recovery 4. n. 失去, 丧失; 亏损; 去世; 损失→ v. 失 去, 丧失; 遗失; 输掉 5. vt. & vi. 评价, (尤指)批评; 判断, 认为n. 法官; 裁判 员→ n. 评价; 判断力; 判决 6. n. 行为, 举止, 态度→ v. 表现得 体, 有礼貌 7. adv. 肯定, 确实; 确切地→ adj. 肯定 的, 确定的; 有把握→ vt. 定义; 使明确; 规定 loss lose judge judg(e)ment behavio(u)r behave definitely definite define 8. vt. 忽视, 对……不予理会→ adj. 无知的, 愚昧的→ n. 无知 9. vi. 受苦, 受折磨; 变差vt. 遭受, 蒙受→ ⁠ n. 痛苦, 苦难; 苦恼 10. vt. & vi. 误解, 误会→ ⁠ n. 误解, 误会→ vt. & vi. 明白, 理解; 领会 → n. 明白, 了解; 体谅 ignore ignorant ignorance suffer suffering misunderstand misunderstanding understand understanding 11. vi. (愤怒等感情)爆发, 迸发; 爆炸vt. 使爆炸 → n. 爆炸 12. adj. 效率高的, 有功效的→ adv. 效 率高地, 有效地→ n. 效率, 功效; (物)功率 13. n. 沉思; 反射; 映像; 反映→ ⁠ vt. & vi. 反映, 显示; 映出(影像); 反射(声、光、热等); 沉思 14. n. 优势, 益处, 成效vt. 使受益vi. 得益于 → adj. 有益的, 有用的 explode explosion efficient efficiently efficiency reflection reflect benefit beneficial 15. vt. 宽慰, 抚慰n. 舒服; 安慰→ ⁠ adj. 舒适的; 自在的→ adv. 舒适地 → adj. 使人不舒服的→ adv. 不舒服地 16. n. 高兴, 愉快; 令人高兴的人(或事), 乐趣 → adj. 高兴的, 令人愉快的 17. n. 失败; 失败的人(或事); 未履行; 故障 → v. 失败; 未做; 出故障; 倒闭; 不及格 comfort comfortable comfortably uncomfortable uncomfortably joy joyful failure fail 18. vt. 承认, 意识到; 认出, 辨别出 → n. 承认, 认可; 认识, 识别, 认出; 赏识, 赞誉 19. n. 死, 死亡; 死亡状态→ v. 死 → adj. 死的→ adj. 致命的; 十足的, 彻底的 20. n. 陪伴, 作伴; 公司→ n. 伙 伴; 伴侣 21. n. 一伙人, 一帮人; 人群vt. 挤满, 使拥挤vi. 聚集; 挤, 涌→ adj. 拥挤的; 充满的 recognize recognition death die dead deadly company companion crowd crowded 22. n. 诗人→ n. 诗集, 诗歌→ ⁠ n. 诗, 韵文 23. vt. 钦佩; 欣赏→ adj. 可钦佩的, 值 得赞赏的→ n. 钦佩, 欣赏 poet poetry poem admire admirable admiration 第三组　重点短语 1. (关系)陷于困境, 濒临崩溃 2. 脱离某人的视线 3. 能够出席; 准时到达; 获得成功 4. 不知所措, 困惑 5. 有错, 应承担责任 6. 无论如何, 不管怎样 7. 放弃, 摒弃; 松手, 放开 8. 依赖, 依靠, 指望 9. 腐蚀, 侵蚀, 逐渐破坏 on the rocks out of one’s sight make it at a loss in the wrong in any case let go of count on eat away at 10. 损害……之间的关系, 离间; 妨碍 11. 亲自, 亲身 12. 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 13. 不顾艰难险阻, 同甘共苦 14. 在某人看来 15. 克服; 恢复常态 16. 使显现, 使表现出 17. 消除(问题), 克服(困难) 18. 注定要做某事, 应做某事 come between... and... in person high point through thick and thin in one’s opinion get over bring out smooth out be meant to do sth. 19. 呈现, 具有 20. 最大程度地, 最大限度地 take on in full measure 第四组　课文佳句 1. ⁠ , we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. (whether... or... ) 无论我们是去上学, 做家庭作业还是周末闲逛, 我们几乎从来没离 开过彼此的视线。 2. I was ⁠ I avoided her during school all day. 我如此生气以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她。 Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend so angry that 3. We often ⁠ ⁠. 我们经常发现, 认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容 易。 4. A classmate told me she had ⁠ with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. 一个同学告诉我, 她在周六下午看到我的朋友和另一个女孩在咖 啡馆聊天。 5. agrees on which is the most important. 并不是每个人都同意哪个是最重要的。 find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own seen my friend chatting Not everyone 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. (2024·北京卷)The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system ⁠ (original) used to develop habits important for self-care. originally 2. (2024·浙江1月卷)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a ⁠ (respond) mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. response 3. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Certainly not. The ⁠ (lose) of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. 4. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I flashed him an ⁠ (apology) smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. loss apologetic 5. These new shoes are not very ⁠ though they are designed for . (comfort) comfortable comfort 6. As you know, fresh air is ⁠ to our health and the new park ⁠ us all, so we should keep it clean. (benefit) 7. He had changed so much that you couldn’t ⁠ him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond . (recognize) 8. Jim ⁠ so well that the teacher praised his good ⁠ in front of class. (behave) beneficial benefits recognize recognition behaved behaviour Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. Let’s (准时到达) eight o’clock tomorrow morning if you want to go to the park with me. 2. Don’t always (依靠其他人来帮 助你); you are old enough to make decisions by yourself. 3. If we can (克服我们目前的 困难), then everything should be all right. make it count on others to help you get over our present difficulties 4. Apart from enthusiasm for (带来变 化), you still need the maturity, wisdom, knowledge and skills to make good decisions. 5. Once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom ⁠ (呈现一个全新的维度). 6. The company has a very serious financial problem and it is_______ (陷入困境) now. bringing about changes will take on a whole new dimension on the rocks 7. To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them (当面, 亲自). 8. With the doctor’s help, she began to (放弃) recalling those bad things with her. 9. Many times of failure have (逐渐破坏了他的自信). 10. Since the differences between the manager and I ⁠ (被解决), work has been going much more smoothly. in person let go of eaten away at his confidence were smoothed out Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. 不管明天是否下雨, 我们都去和外国客人爬泰山。 (whether... or... ) We are going to climb Mount Tai with the foreign guests tomorrow ⁠. whether it rains or not 2. 你取得了如此巨大的进步, 所以我特地写信祝贺你。 (such... that... ) You have made ⁠ I am specially writing to congratulate you. such great progress that 3. 既然她们是好朋友, 我想她们是时候在事情变得更糟之前互相 谈谈了。(it’s time to do... ) Now that they are good friends, I think ⁠ ⁠ before things get worse. it’s time for them to have a talk with each other 4. (人教选必一U4)当然, 不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听 课。(部分否定句) Of course, ⁠ is paying attention in class. not everyone who looks up 5. (人教选必二U4)第二天, 天气晴朗, 温度适宜, 她们看到壮美的 群山俯瞰着整座城市, 甚是欣喜。(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语) The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to ⁠ ⁠ over the city. see the beautiful mountains looking out 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 5 Unit 3 Getting along with others (一) 课时作业 6 Unit 3 Getting along with others (二) Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1. judge n. 裁判员; 法官vt. & vi. 评价, (尤指)批评; 判断, 认为 → n. 判断力; 意见, 看法 judge... from/by... 从……来判断…… as far as I can judge＝in my judgement据我判断; 我认为 judging by/from从……来看; 根据……来判断 judgement ① ⁠ (judge) from the look on her face, the twins knew their mother was satisfied with what they did. ②(人教必修三U5)Now, you shouldn’t judge people ⁠ their clothes. I just don’t want to cause you trouble with a large note. ③I’m writing to invite you to be ⁠ judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15. Judging by a ⁠ , the Reading and Writing courses are fit for you, because you intend to read written texts and share your thoughts. [实战贴士]　judging from/by用在句首时为一个独立成分, 不受句 子主语和时态的影响。 As far as I can judge/In my judgement ④我认为, 阅读和写作课程很适合你, 因为你想要阅读书面文本并 分享你的想法。(推荐信) 2. apologize vi. 道歉, 谢罪; 辩白→ n. 道歉 → adj. 道歉的, 愧疚的 apology apologetic (1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 (2)make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology＝ owe an apology to sb. 应向某人道歉 ①You should make an apology her ⁠ your carelessness to ease the awkward situation. ②To be frank, you shouldn’t have spoken to your father in a rude manner. You owe him an ⁠ (apologize). to for apology ③我不得不向你道歉, 因为我不能在约定时间陪你去书店了。(道 歉信) → ⁠ for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time. (apologize) → ⁠ for not being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time. (apology) I have to apologize to you I have to make an apology to you 3. case n. 具体情况, 事例; 案件; 案例; 容器 in case以防(万一) in case of万一……; 如果发生…… in any case无论如何; 总之 in no case决不(置于句首时, 用部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事 ①In my opinion, you’d better give us a thorough explanation in case ⁠ being misunderstood. ②(外研选必四U4) ⁠ is often the case, all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. ③我们将讨论英语初学者不能恰当地使用这一语言的情况。(新 闻报道) of As We’ll discuss a case ⁠ . where beginners of English fail to use the language properly ④We can in no case go against the law of nature, or we’ll suffer a great loss. → the law of nature, or we’ll suffer a great loss. (倒装句) [实战贴士]　case作先行词且在定语从句中作状语时, 定语从句通 常用where引导。 In no case can we go against 4. suffer vt. 遭受, 蒙受vi. 受苦, 受折磨; 变差→ ⁠ n. 痛苦; 苦难(常用复数)→ n. 患病者; 受难者 suffering sufferer suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏 suffer from遭受; 患病 ①(人教选必二U2)Some may struggle and suffer ⁠ culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. ②(外研选必三U3)Real war is never romantic as it brings (suffer) and immense challenges. ③After they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake, they got help from all over the world. → ⁠ , they got help from all over the world. (现在分词短语作状语) from suffering Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake 5. contact n. 触碰; 接触; 联系, 联络; 交往; 门路; 熟人 vt. (用电话、信)联系/联络(某人) (1)contact with与……有交往 (2)keep in contact with和……保持联系 have contact with和……有联系 make contact with和……取得联系 come into contact with和……接触, 打交道 in close contact with与……保持亲密联系 ①(译林必修三U3)No matter where we are, we are able to keep ______ contact with loved ones, find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. ②I think it’s important for people like us in the city to come ⁠ contact with nature and the seasons. (建议信) ③如果有人企图破坏学校设施, 你要联系学校保卫处。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ in into If someone intends to destroy the school’s facilities, you should contact the campus security office. 6. respect vt. 尊敬, 尊重n. 方面, 细节; 敬意, 尊敬, 问候; 重视 → adj. 值得尊敬的, 体面的→ adj. 恭敬的; 表示敬意的→ adj. 分别的, 各自的 respectable respectful respective (1)respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人 (2)have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人 out of respect for... 出于对……的尊敬; 顾及 give one’s respects to sb. 向某人表示敬意 in respect of/with respect to关于; 就……而言 ①(外研选必三U5)And yet they shared an intense respect ⁠ nature, which made them each an influential figure of their time. ②你到家后, 请代我向你父亲致意。 for After arriving at your home, ⁠. ③在我们生活的许多方面, 总有值得尊敬的人。至于我最尊敬的 人, 我不得不提到我的数学老师。 ⁠ , there are always respectable people. ⁠ , I have to mention my maths teacher. give my respects to your father In many respects of our life With respect to/In respect of the person I respect most ④We respect our English teacher. Her modesty and good behaviour make a deep impression on us. →We our English teacher ⁠ . (升级 加黑词; 定语从句) have/show respect for whose modesty and good behaviour make a deep impression on us (1)measure... by... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make sth. to one’s own measure为某人量身定做某物 7. measure vi. & vt. 估量, 测量; 衡量; 判定n. 计量制; 计量单位; 措施; 衡量 ①Some villagers reported a huge snake, ⁠ (measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave. ②(人教选必三U3)各国政府需考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和 措施以减少温室气体的排放。 Governments need to consider making policies and _______________ ⁠ greenhouse gas emissions. measuring actions and measures to reduce appropriate ③那间五米宽的房间住起来很舒服。 →The room ⁠ is comfortable to live in. (定语从句) →The room ⁠ is comfortable to live in. (分词短语作后置定语) which/that measures five meters across measuring five meters across [实战贴士]　(1)measure用作“措施”时, 常用其复数形式; (2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时, 是系动词, 后跟测量的结 果, 不用于被动语态及进行时态。 (1)benefit from/by... 从……中受益; 得益于…… (2)for the benefit of为……的利益 be of benefit to对……有益; 有益于 to one’s benefit对……有益 (3)be beneficial to... 对……有益; 有益于 8. benefit n. 益处, 成效, 好处; 利益; 优势; 救济金vt. 使受益vi. 得益于→ adj. 有益的 beneficial ①(外研必修三U2)Today, over 800, 000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. ②(2025·八省联考)Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most ⁠ (benefit) to learning. from beneficial ③了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。(建议信) →Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will ⁠ . (benefit vt. ) →Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will ⁠ . (benefit n. ) →Having a good knowledge of table manners of China will ⁠ . (beneficial) benefit you greatly be of great benefit to you be very beneficial to you (1)in comfort舒适地; 放松地 be a comfort to对……是安慰 (2)comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人 comfort oneself/sb. with sth. 以某事来自我安慰/安慰某人 9. comfort n. 安慰; 令人感到安慰的人或事物; 舒服; 安逸vt. 安慰; 宽慰, 抚慰→ adj. 舒适的; 感到舒服的 comfortable ①The seats were ⁠ (comfort)and after a calming drink, which made us sleepy, our eyes closed. ②Even if he was in trouble, he was still optimistic, which was a great comfort ⁠ me. ③当我沮丧时, 父亲总是拍拍我的肩膀安慰我。 When I was depressed, my father would ⁠ ⁠. comfortable to pat me on the shoulder to comfort me [实战贴士]　抽象名词具体化的词还有： danger, success, failure, disappointment, shock, surprise, beauty, pleasure, honour等。 (1)be recognized to be/as... 被认作……; 被认为…… It is recognized that... 人们公认…… (2)beyond recognition认不出来 10. recognize vt. 认出, 辨别出; 承认, 意识到; 认可→ n. 认出; 认识 recognition ①(译林选必一U4)Li Bai is widely recognized ⁠ the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. ②(北师大必修二U6)This is not only an honour for myself, but also ⁠ (recognize) of and encouragement for all scientists in China. as recognition ③那本书被公认为21世纪最重要的文学作品之一。 →The book ⁠ one of the greatest works of literature of the 21st century. → ⁠ the book is one of the greatest works of literature of the 21st century. is recognized to be/as It is recognized that 11. so... that... “如此……以至于……” [教材原句]　I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day... 我非常生气, 以至于在学校的时候我一整天都躲着她…… (1)so... that... 句型的常见形式： ①so＋adj. /adv. ＋that... ②so＋adj. ＋a(n)＋n. (可数名词单数)＋that... ③so＋many/few/much/little (少)＋n. (可数名词复数/不可数名词)＋ that... (2)such... that... 句型的常见形式： ①such＋a(n)＋adj. ＋n. (可数名词单数)＋that... ②such＋adj. ＋n. (可数名词复数/不可数名词)＋that... (3)当so/such及其后成分放在句首时, 主句用部分倒装。 ①(外研选必一U5)But Darwin’s scientific studies were ⁠ convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. ②(外研选必四U4)It is expanding at ⁠ a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future. ③The volleyball match is so significant that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule. → ⁠ everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule. (倒装句) so such So significant is the volleyball match that Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1. I am at ⁠ loss because what he has told me is the contrary of what you have told me. 2. When you are thrown a curveball, do not throw in the towel— work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make !⁠ a it 3. Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make ⁠ (judge) based on information. 4. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their neighbors and apologize ⁠ their playing. 5. He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of __________ (recognize). 6. The leaders of our company always seek ⁠ (find) an efficient method to motivate workers. judgements for recognition to find 7. At night, the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a ⁠ (comfort) temperature inside. 8. At first, I argued with my mother, but on ⁠ (reflect), I realized I was in the wrong. 9. The doctors have already taken various ⁠ (measure) to stop this disease from spreading. 10. Personally, online learning ⁠ (benefit) me a lot because so many learning materials are available. comfortable reflection measures benefits Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1. 当我们的友谊濒临崩溃时, 我们应该采取措施来拯救它。 When our friendship is ⁠ , we should take measures to save it. 2. 目击者说, 在八点的时候, 他看到一个小男孩在独自过马路。 The witness said he ⁠ the road alone at eight o’clock. on the rocks saw a little boy crossing 3. 人们认识到环境污染是人们面临的最严重的问题之一。 ⁠ environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that people face. (it 作形式主语) 4. 那个男孩吃完饭就跑出去了。 , the boy rushed out. (现在分词短语作状语) It is recognized that Having eaten his dinner 5. 他是如此紧张, 以至于他感觉舌头打结, 手心出汗。 →He was ⁠ he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating. (陈述句) → ⁠ he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating. (倒装句) so nervous that So nervous was he that Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——一词多义 (1)The naughty boy played tricks on the shy girl,making her cheeks flame with anger.　　　　   (2)Tricked into giving up a large quantity of money,he got so desperate. 　　　　   A.n.诀窍　 B.n.把戏,花招　 C.vt.欺骗; 哄骗 B C 1.trick (3)As an exchange student from America,I like eating dumplings. Would you please tell me the trick of making dumplings?　　　　   A.n.诀窍　 B.n.把戏,花招　 C.vt.欺骗; 哄骗 A 1.trick (1)It was extremely cold outside.We all crowded around the stove to keep warm.　　　　   (2)When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him. 　　　　   A.n.人群　 B.vi.聚集　 C.vt.挤满 B A 2.crowd (3)It was two weeks before the festival and the mall was crowded with shoppers.　　　　   A.n.人群　 B.vi.聚集　 C.vt.挤满 C 2.crowd (1)He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence. 　　　　   (2)A judge decides who will be the winner of a competition. 　　　　   (3)Judging from what he has just said, the company will reduce the staff. 　　　　   A.n.法官　 B.v.判断　 C.n.裁判 A 3.judge C B (1)The boy lied to his parents in order to escape being punished. 　　　　   (2)The firefighter managed to escape from the burning house.　　　　   (3)He is chairman of Students’ Union, whose name escaped me for the moment. 　　　　   B C A.n.逃离,逃脱　 B.vt.逃脱,躲避　 C.vi.逃脱,逃离　 D.vt.被遗忘 4.escape D (4)Last time he had a narrow escape and he doesn’t want to take a risk a second time. 　　　　   A A.n.逃离,逃脱　 B.vt.逃脱,躲避　 C.vi.逃脱,逃离　 D.vt.被遗忘 4.escape (1)A person might fully disagree with others on any issue, while at the same time respecting those with different opinions and treating them with dignity. 　　　　   (2)This proposal given by our tutor is really excellent in all respects. 　　　　   C A A.n.方面　 B.n.尊敬,敬意　 C.vt.尊重,尊敬 5.respect (3)I’m sorry I can’t come up to your apartment. Give my respects to your parents. 　　　　   B A.n.方面　 B.n.尊敬,敬意　 C.vt.尊重,尊敬 5.respect 培优2　单元话题写作——新学校的挑战 根据提示, 运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 When I came in the new school, I felt quite ① (不知所措). However, ② ⁠ (我的同学是如此乐于助人以至于我很快就适应 了这里的一切; so... that... ) soon. When I have difficulty with my homework, ③ ⁠ (他们与我一起讨论如何解决它们; 疑问词＋不定式). at a loss my classmates are so helpful that I get used to everything here they always discuss with me about how to solve them When my life is in trouble (用本单元词汇替换黑体部分 ④ ⁠ ⁠ ), they always try their best to help me out. We get along very well and they help me recover myself so soon (加黑部分升级为it is... that... 的句型 ⑤ ___________________________________ _____ ). on the rocks It is they who help me recover myself so soon 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　awkward adj.局促不安的; 令人尴尬的; 难对付的; 笨拙的　at a loss不知所措,困惑　frank adj.坦率的,直率的　joy n.高兴,愉快; 令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣　failure n.失败; 失败的人(或事) 亮词 [动作描写]　recover vi.恢复健康; 恢复常态 vt.全额收回; 寻回; 重新获得; 恢复,重新控制　respond vi.& vt.回答,回应; 作出反应,响应　trick vt.欺骗,欺诈　suffer vi.受苦,受折磨; 变差vt.遭受,蒙受　misunderstand vt.& vi.误解,误会　make it准时到达; 获得成功; 能够出席 [环境描写]　sight n.视野; 视力; 看见　out of one’s sight脱离某人的视线　blog n.博客,网志 美句 1.When I was an awkward primary school student,she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. (人物介绍) 2.Whether we’re walking to school,doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend,we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. 3.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day,and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages. 4.Finally,it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. Step 2　语料运用【介绍搭档】 　　坦白地说,面对我的搭档,我感到局促不安甚至不知所措。当我们见面讨论我们的课题时,我很少回应他,因为我担心我会让事情变得更糟。所以我遭受了很多痛苦。我认为,我就是个失败者。 　　To be frank,① ______________ (现在分词短语作状语), I felt awkward and even at a loss. ② ____________________________ (when 引导时间状语从句), I rarely responded to him ③________ (for fear that引导的目的状语从句). facing my teammate When we met to discuss our project for fear that I would make things worse 令我高兴的是,博客上的一篇文章让我意识到,我可能误解了他和我自己。我变得自信起来,并告诉自己“我能成功”。之后,我们就很享受彼此讨论和分享意见。最终,我们按时完成了我们的课题。 So I suffered a lot.In my opinion,I was a failure.To my joy,an article in the blog ④ ______ _____________________________________ (make+宾语+宾语补足语; 宾语从句).I became confident and told myself “⑤　　　　　　 ”(语言描写).Then we enjoyed discussing and sharing our opinions with each other. Finally we finished our project on time.  me realize I may have misunderstood him and myself I can make it made 语料积累 【情感细节描写:激动与兴奋】 单词 excited; excitedly; excitement; thrilled; thrill 词块 to one’s excitement/thrill令某人激动的是; in/with excitement激动地/兴奋地; one’s eyes sparkle/dance/shine/twinkle with excitement眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒; tremble with excitement激动得发抖; one’s face be flushed with excitement激动得脸红; shed tears of excitement流下了激动的泪水; take one’s breath away令人惊叹 句型 On the journey to the lake, a wave of excitement/thrill spread through my body.(无生命名词作主语) 在去湖边的路上,一股兴奋/激动的情绪在我的身体里蔓延开来。 Hearing the exciting news, she shed tears of excitement. 听到这个激动人心的消息,她流下了激动的眼泪。 As it was the first time that we had had a picnic in the open air, our faces were flushed with excitement. 由于这是我们第一次在户外野餐,我们激动得脸红了。 Enjoying the beautiful view, Mom could hardly contain her excitement. 妈妈欣赏着美景,兴奋得难以自抑。 课时作业 5 Unit 3 Getting along with others (一) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分) A Meeting people is the first step to make friends.But how do you actually become friends with someone? Here are some useful tips. 1.Make small talk even if you don’t feel like it Small talk can feel false and meaningless.But it does have a purpose.By making small talk, you show that you’re friendly and open to communicating.In that way, small talk helps you to make the first connection with potential new friends.If someone doesn’t make any small talk, we might assume that they don’t want to make friends with us, that they don’t like us, or that they’re in a bad mood. 2.Figure out what you might have in common When you talk to someone new and realize that you have things in common, the conversation usually goes from stiff to fun and interesting.Therefore, make it a habit to find out if you have any mutual interests or something in common.You can do this by mentioning things that interest you and seeing how they react. 3.Don’t write people off until you know them Don’t judge people too quickly.Try not to assume that they are shallow, boring, or that you have nothing to talk about.If everyone seems uninterested, it might be because you keep getting stuck in small talk.If you only make small talk, everyone sounds shallow. 4.Make people like being around you When you try to make people like you, it will become easier for you to make friends.When you make sure that people like being around you, they will like you.If we are with someone with a positive experience, we like that person more. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何与人交朋友,给出了一些有用的建议。 1.What is the purpose of small talk?(　　) A.To show that you are in a good mood. B.To show you have something in common. C.To show you are friendly and want to talk. D.To show you are a potential new friend. C 1 2 3 解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By making small talk... potential new friends.”可知,闲聊的目的是表现出你友好并愿意交流。故选C。 1 2 3 2.According to the text why do you think people around you are boring?(　　) A.Because you don’t have a deep chat with them. B.Because they have nothing in common with you. C.Because you don’t make small talk with them. D.Because you don’t like to make friends with them. A 1 2 3 解析:推理判断题。根据文章第四段“If everyone seems uninterested... everyone sounds shallow.”可推知,你认为周围的人无聊可能是因为你只聊肤浅的东西,没有与他们进行深入的交谈。故选A。 1 2 3 3.What will you do if you want to make it easier to make friends?(　　) A.To avoid being stuck in small talk. B.To judge people by what they do. C.To stay with people with a positive experience. D.To make people willing to stay with you. D 解析:细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When you try to... they will like you.”可知,如果你想更容易交朋友,你应该让人们喜欢你,愿意和你在一起。故选D。 1 2 3 B 　　(2025·八省联考)Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That’s what the postal service means to us. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。邮递员Jim Johnson在工作中热心帮助邻里,与大家建立了深厚感情。在他退休33年后,作者依然记得他,并表达了对他的怀念。 4.What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? (　　) A.He’s open-minded. B.He’s sharp-eyed. C.He’s warm-hearted. D.He’s strong-willed. C 4 5 6 7 解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.”可推知,Jim Johnson是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。 5 6 7 4 5.What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? (　　) A.Refused.　　　　　B.Criticized. C.Investigated. D.Suspended. B 5 6 7 4 解析:词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.”可知,前后句是转折关系,后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在,那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在常被批评,由此表明,邮政服务经常被批评。由此可知,画线词disparaged与“criticized(批评)”意思相近。故选B项。 5 6 7 4 6.What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? (　　) A.He drove Butch to its owner. B.He sent presents to his friends. C.He prepared a retirement party. D.He said goodbye to the neighbors. D 5 6 7 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.”可知,Jim在工作的最后几天除了每日投递,还向邻居们告别。故选D项。 5 6 7 4 7.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?(　　) A.To remember a respected mail carrier. B.To record an unforgettable experience. C.To raise funds for the postal service. D.To call for harmony in the community. A 5 6 7 4 解析:推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That’s what the postal service means to us.”可知,文章主要讲述了Jim Johnson这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里,与大家建立了深厚感情,在他退休33年后,作者依然记得他,并表达了对他的怀念。由此可推知,作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。 5 6 7 4 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2024·河北“五个一”名校联盟高三联考) The Beauty of Creative Friendships I recently walked through an incredible exhibition in Venice.It 　1　 about 75 art works that a Dutch-American artist created during the time he spent in Italy in 1959 and 1969.The pieces on show included his ink-on-paper drawings, some gestural drawings, landscapes and sculptures.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Born in 1904, de Kooning spent the majority of his artistic career as a(n) 　2　 but in 1969, while visiting Rome, he 　3　 an old friend, the sculptor Herzl Emanuel, who invited him to his studio and 　4　 him to try working with 　5　.  At age 65, de Kooning 　6　 his first sculptural works, 13 small clay items.It was the 　7　 of a new artistic era for him and, over the next 15 years, sculpture became a(n) 　8　 and inseparable part of his career.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Later, after I left the exhibition, I was 　9　 by how beautiful it was that de Kooning began making sculpture because of the initial 　10　 and encouragement of his 　11　.It got me thinking about the often unacknowledged role that some friendships play in the creative process of 　12　 across all types.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 We often think about those friendships that journey deeply with us in our private lives, 　13　 us through emotional ups and downs.But friendships that develop our professional selves are also 　14　.In offering courage, insight and clarity on the work that we produce, these friendships 　15　 the overall quality of our lives.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了荷兰裔美国艺术家de Kooning在意大利的创作经历,以及他与雕塑家Herzl Emanuel的友谊如何激发了他的雕塑创作灵感。 1.A.mentioned　　　　　　B.sold C.expressed D.displayed 答案:D 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 解析:根据下文“about 75 art works”可知,这里是指展出了艺术作品。故选D。 显示原文 2.A.architect B.actor C.painter D.photographer 答案:C 解析:根据上文“ink-on-paper drawings, some gestural drawings, landscapes and sculptures”可知,他是一位画家。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.argued with B.ran into C.dealt with D.relied on 答案:B 解析:根据上文“while visiting Rome”以及下文“an old friend”可知,这里是指偶然遇到。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.requested B.forced C.encouraged D.ordered 答案:C 解析:根据下文“to try working with”可知,这里是指对他进行鼓励。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.stone B.clay C.wood D.glass 答案:B 解析:根据下文“13 small clay items”可知,这里是指黏土。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.created B.discovered C.purchased D.described 答案:A 解析:根据上文“his first sculptural works”可知,这里是指创作。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.rebirth B.recovery C.beginning D.sign 答案:C 解析:根据下文“a new artistic era”可知,这里是指新的艺术时代的开始。故选C。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.minor B.irrelevant C.hard D.significant 答案:D 解析:根据上文“a new artistic era”以及下文“and inseparable part of his career”可知,这里是指雕塑成为他职业生涯中一个重要且不可分割的部分。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.confused B.convinced C.struck D.annoyed 答案:C 解析:根据下文“how beautiful it was”可知,这里是指给作者留下了深刻印象。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.invitation B.desire C.purpose D.decision 答案:A 解析:根据上文“who invited him to his studio and...him to try working with”以及下文“and encouragement”可知,这里是指老朋友雕塑家Herzl Emanuel的邀请。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.follower B.friend C.teacher D.neighbor 答案:B 解析:根据下文“It got me thinking about the often unacknowledged role that some friendships play in the creative process”可知,这里是指他与雕塑家Herzl Emanuel之间的友谊,因此空白处应填表示“朋友”含义的表达。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.writers B.visitors C.scientists D.artists 答案:D 解析:根据上文“a Dutch-American artist created during the time he spent in Italy in 1959 and 1969”可知,这里是指艺术家。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.supporting B.ignoring C.lecturing D.controlling 答案:A 解析:根据下文“us through emotional ups and downs”可知,这里是指在互相支持中经历情感的起伏。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.close B.priceless C.brief D.innocent 答案:B 解析:根据上文“over the next 15 years, sculpture became a(n)...and inseparable part of his career”可知,这里是指友谊是无价的。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.maintain B.damage C.assess D.improve 答案:D 解析:根据下文“the overall quality of our lives”可知,这里是指提高了我们生活的整体质量。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心 单词 Para.2:meaningless adj.无意义的　potential adj.潜在的　assume v.认为,假设 核心 短语 Para.3:figure out找到,发现　have sth.in common与……有相似之处 Para.4:get stuck in 陷入 长难句 分析 When you make sure that people like being around you, they will like you.(Para.5) 分析:本句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句,从句中that 引导宾语从句。 译文:当你确保人们喜欢和你在一起时,他们就会喜欢你。 B篇 核 心 单 词 Para.1:unlocked adj.未上锁的　checkerboard n.国际跳棋棋盘 Para.2:disparage v.轻视,贬低　life-saving adj.救命的 Para.3:jump seat n.(汽车上的)折叠座椅　parting adj.离别的 Para.4:bond n.纽带,关系 派 生 词 汇 Para.1:leafy adj.树木茂密的,绿树成荫的→leaf n.叶;叶片;叶子 Para.3:retirement n.退休→retire v.退休 inseparable adj.形影不离的→separate v.分离→separable adj.可分离的 boxy adj.盒/箱状的;四四方方的→box n.盒子;箱子 熟词生义 Para.1:institution 常用义:n.机构　文章义:n.出名的人 核心短语 Para.1:carry in sth. 把某物带进来　take note of 留意,将……铭记在心　fall short of未到达,不符合 Para.2:live on 继续存在　ride off to 驶向 Para.4:remind sb. of...使某人想起…… 课时作业 6 Unit 3 Getting along with others (二) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2024·湖北省重点中学联考)Moving to a new city and state was difficult for me,especially in winter.Little did I know that a Colorado snowstorm would greet me after I had been in my new home for only a week. I just missed home.But more than the old house and the beach,I missed Stacey,my best friend.And I missed our lovely tea.Going to a sweet little tearoom,we had discovered a special treat for us.The place was a Victorian dream,with delicate teacups and tablecloths with flower prints.The hat shelf near the front door swept us back to childhood.Stacey and I became little girls,trying on different hats until we found the perfect one for our dress-up tea party.We would then choose a lovely table and order our tea.That was a precious time,filled with laughter between scones (烤饼) and sharing our lives between tiny cucumber sandwiches. Springtime descended upon Denver,and the sun lightened my heart.But I still fought loneliness almost every day.I decided to explore the Denver area.While my husband went to the office,I took time to see what our new area had to offer. One day,I was walking along the street when suddenly the words “Tea Leaves” caught my eye.A tearoom? Here,in the land of loneliness and pain? I walked through the doors,and tears came to my eyes.It was a beautiful room,not Victorian,but simple and lovely. I sat down and ordered a pot of tea,a cucumber sandwich,and some scones.It felt silly and wonderful—and it felt like home.For the first time since moving,I felt as if this new city and state could be,and would eventually be,my home.I would come back here and bring new friends.When Stacey visited,we would come here. I lifted my cup and made a silent toast.I toasted Stacey,whom I missed,and I toasted the sweet little tearoom that lessened my pain. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。搬入新家,初来乍到,一切都是那么的陌生,思乡之情油然而生;但一次无意的邂逅改变了作者的心境,作者开始逐渐接受自己的新家。 1.What does the underlined word “treat” in paragraph 2 probably mean?(　　) A.Delicious food. B.Service. C.Something pleasant. D.A kind of tea party. C 1 2 3 4 解析:词义猜测题。 根据第二段中的“The place was a Victorian dream,with delicate teacups and tablecloths with flower prints...tiny cucumber sandwiches”可知,茶室是维多利亚女王时代的风格,茶杯精美,桌布带有印花,茶室里还有帽子架,它将作者她们带回小时候的场景,作者她们在这里度过了珍贵且充满笑声的时光。故画线单词指的是作者及朋友在这家惬意的小茶室发现了令人快乐的事情。故选C。 1 2 3 4 2.Which of the following about “Tea Leaves” is TRUE?(　　) A.It touched the author. B.It looks silly and wonderful. C.Cucumber sandwiches and scones are its specialities. D.It made the author recall her childhood. A 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。 根据第四段中的“One day,I was walking along the street when suddenly the words ‘Tea Leaves’ caught my eye”以及第五段中的“tears came to my eyes”可知,“Tea Leaves”使作者受到触动。故选A。 1 2 3 4 3.We can infer from the text that the author would probably 　　　　. (　　)  A.open her own teahouse B.ask the owner of the teahouse to decorate it like a home C.go back to her hometown to visit Stacey D.want to actively adapt to the new environment D 1 2 3 4 解析:推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段中的“For the first time since moving...my home”可知,自搬家以来,作者第一次觉得这个新的城市和州最终会成为自己的家,即作者想积极地适应现在的新环境。故选D。 1 2 3 4 4.What would be the best title for the text?(　　) A.East and West,Home Is the Best B.A Cup of Comfort C.A Difficult Settlement D.A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed B 1 2 3 4 解析:标题归纳题。全文以茶为线索展开叙述,搬家前作者和朋友在惬意的小茶室里度过了珍贵、快乐的时光,作者搬入新的城市后始终想念这位朋友和家乡的茶;后来新城市的大街上的“Tea Leaves”两个字吸引了作者,作者也因此最终把这里当作自己的家。这说明了茶给作者带来了积极影响。而且文章最后一段“I lifted my cup... the sweet little tearoom that lessened my pain.”也点明了主题——通过茶获得了慰藉。故选B。 1 2 3 4 B (2025·浙江杭州教学质检) Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer this question,we need to ask a further question:What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity,people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.The first view involves dominance and power.In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness,Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who forgive are against their basic nature,much to their harm.In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation,mutual respect,and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings,we need both to receive love from and offer love to others.Without love,our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart.Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.For example,how well has slavery (奴隶制) worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to an extent, the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments.Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note,when we take a classical Realism philosophical perspective,that of Aristotle,we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality.We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive,but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving,its actual application in conflict situations,develops with practice. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章从人性的角度讲述了两种关于原谅的观点,说明了原谅的好处,并告诉读者原谅是可以通过训练提升的。 5.What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness?(　　) A.People should offer mercy to others. B.Aggressive people should learn to forgive. C.Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D.People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. D 5 6 7 8 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who might then take advantage of them.”可知,Droll认为原谅别人的人在宽恕他人的时候,也在损害自己的幸福,而被宽恕的人可能会利用他们。故D项正确。 5 6 7 8 6.What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate?(　　) A.To forgive is to love. B.To dominate is to harm. C.To fight is to grow. D.To give is to receive. B 5 6 7 8 解析:推理判断题。举例是为了说明例子前面的观点或概念。根据第二段中for example前的“Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.”可知,支配他人的意志并不能促成和谐的互动。由此可以推断,作者举奴隶制的这个例子是为了说明“支配他人就是伤害”。故B项正确。 5 6 7 8 7.What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness?(　　) A.Favorable.　　　　　　 B.Reserved. C.Objective. D.Skeptical. A 5 6 7 8 解析:观点态度题。根据第三段中的“one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger...Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.”和第四段中的“We are not necessarily...with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.”可知,作者认为原谅可以减少仇恨,恢复和谐,打破愤怒的循环,愈合关系,将人们再次联系在一起,且人们应该学习原谅并提升原谅的能力。由此可知,作者对原谅持支持的态度,故A项正确。 5 6 7 8 8.What is the message of the last paragraph?(　　) A.Forgiveness is in our nature. B.Forgiveness grows with time. C.It takes practice to forgive. D.Actuality is based on potentiality. C 5 6 7 8 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are not necessarily...with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving...develops with practice.”可知,我们不一定天生就有原谅的能力,但我们有潜力学习原谅并提升我们原谅的能力,原谅是随着练习而发展的。由此可知,本段主要说明原谅是可以通过练习提升的,故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了倾听在改善人际关系中的重要性,并提供了成为更好的倾听者的建议,包括专注、表达理解、积极反馈、不畏惧沉默以及适时请求澄清,以促进对话双方的满意、信任和联系。 　　(2024·湖南模拟预测)Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships. 1(　　) At its core, listening in a one-on-one conversation is about taking an interest in another person and making him/her feel understood.2(　　) But some recurring (重复出现) features include attentiveness, conveying understanding, and showing a positive intention towards the speaker.  A.Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B.So, what can we do to become better listeners? C.It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D.But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors. E.There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F.Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals don’t quite work. G.So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 1.答案:B 解析:上文“Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships.”说明良好的倾听能够改善人际关系。空处承上启下,引出如何成为更好的倾听者的问题。B项“那么,我们能做些什么来成为更好的听众呢?”符合语境,同时引出下文中所给的建议。故选B。 2.答案:E 解析:下文“But some recurring features include attentiveness, conveying understanding, and showing a positive intention towards the speaker.”说明好的倾听会有一些反复出现的特征。空处和下文形成转折关系,E项中的“no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening”和下文中的“some recurring features”形成对应的概念,说明高质量的倾听并没有一个公认的定义,但是也有一些反复出现的特征。故选E。 In addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that indicate their understanding and their desire to understand.This might feel awkward at first, and what’s most effective might depend on your relationship with the speaker.3(　　) Another great way to show your understanding is by summarizing what you just heard and asking if you have missed anything. Summaries like this show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand him/her rather than just waiting for your turn to talk. But while a good conversation requires back and forth, planning out your response while the speaker is talking is a common way to miss what’s being said.4(　　) This might feel embarrassing, but asking for clarification actually shows that you’re committed to understanding.  A.Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B.So, what can we do to become better listeners? C.It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D.But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors. E.There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F.Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals don’t quite work. G.So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 3.答案:D 解析:上文“In addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that indicate their understanding and their desire to understand.This might feel awkward at first, and what’s most effective might depend on your relationship with the speaker.”说明可能会在初次尝试一些倾听技巧时感到尴尬,比如使用问题和肢体语言。空处和上文为转折关系,D项中的“internalize these basic behaviors”和上文中的“questions and body language”相呼应,说明虽然一开始的这些行为会让人尴尬,但是随着时间和实践,你可以内化这些基本行为。故选D。 4.答案:G 解析:上文“But while a good conversation requires back and forth, planning out your response while the speaker is talking is a common way to miss what’s being said.”说明说话者讲话时规划你的回答是错过所说内容的常见方式,空处承上启下,G项中的“repeat what you missed”和上文“a common way to miss what’s being said”相呼应,“don’t be shy about asking the speaker”和下文“asking for clarification”相呼应,说明G项“所以,尽量保持专注,如果你注意力不集中,不要羞于让演讲者重复你错过的内容”符合语境。故选G。 5(　　) It’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and taking a beat to think can help speakers reflect on their speech as well.  These might seem like small changes, but together they make a big difference. And when people feel heard, they report more satisfaction, trust, and connection in their relationships. A.Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B.So, what can we do to become better listeners? C.It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D.But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors. E.There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F.Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals don’t quite work. G.So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 5.答案:A 解析:下文“It’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and taking a beat to think can help speakers reflect on their speech as well.”说明在讨论需要沉默的反思。A项“最后,不要害怕沉默”适合作为段落的开头,引出下文对沉默的积极作用的讨论。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老年人喜欢用科技来娱乐自己和与朋友保持联系的情况。 　　(2024·辽宁省教研联盟一模)Elderly people like to use technology to entertain themselves and keep in touch with friends. They don’t want to rely on anyone.Instead,they just hope to remain 1　　　　　　 (dependent).Plenty of time 2　　　　　　 (spend) in finding out new things or writing down their experiences every day. Many social media sites 3　　　　　　 (develop) for the younger generation are now being enjoyed by the elderly,too.“Our granddaughter helped me set up 4　　　　　　 social media profile,” one explained.“I soon found lots of people to chat 5　　　　　　 and some invited me to join their online puzzle groups. 6　　　　　　 keeps my brain active to communicate with people online.” And for elderly people who may be unable to leave their homes without 7　　　　　　 (assist),communication with the outside world is essential to prevent loneliness and to allow them to call for help in many 8　　　　　　 (emergency).In Singapore,the elderly are even turning to robots to keep them in shape 9 __________ (physical).These robots not only lead daily workouts,10 ___________ can provide senior citizens with feedback on their performance,as well as sending photos via social media.  1.答案:independent 解析:考查形容词。空处应填形容词作表语,结合上一句“They don’t want to rely on anyone.”可知,此处指他们想保持独立,应用dependent的否定形式independent “独立的”。故填independent。 2.答案:is spent 解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据every day可知,句子用一般现在时;主语time和动词spend之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语是不可数名词,be动词用is。故填is spent。 3.答案:developed 解析:考查非谓语动词。动词develop和social media sites之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。 4.答案:a 解析:考查冠词。profile是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且social的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 5.答案:with 解析:考查介词。chat with sb. “和某人聊天”为固定搭配。故填with。 6.答案:It 解析:考查代词。分析句子可知,空处是形式主语,应用it,动词不定式to communicate with people online是真正的主语,句子的首字母应大写。故填It。 7.答案:assistance 解析:考查词性转换。此处应填名词作介词without的宾语, assistance“帮助”,为不可数名词。故填assistance。 8.答案:emergencies 解析:考查名词的单复数。emergency“紧急情况”,为可数名词,由空前的many可知,空处应用其复数形式。故填emergencies。 9.答案:physically 解析:考查词性转换。空处修饰动词短语keep them in shape,应用副词形式。故填physically。 10.答案:but 解析:考查并列连词。句意:这些机器人不仅可以引导老年人进行日常锻炼,还可以为他们的表现提供反馈,并通过社交媒体发送照片。not only...but (also)...“不但……而且……”,是固定短语。故填but。 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.2:precious adj.珍贵的;宝贵的 Para.6:silly adj.愚蠢的;不明事理的;没头脑的;傻的　eventually adv.最后;终于 派生词汇 Para.3:loneliness n.孤独;寂寞→lonely adj.孤独的;寂寞的 熟词生义 Para.2:order常用义:v.命令;指挥;要求　文章义:v.点(酒菜等) 核心短语 Para.4:catch one’s eye引起某人的注意;引人注目 B篇 核心单词 Para.1:dominance n.优势,显著,支配地位　aggressive adj.好斗的,挑衅的 Para.3:integrity n.完整,完好;诚实正直　hatred n.仇恨,憎恨,厌恶 Para.4:perspective n.态度,观点,思考方法 派生词汇 Para.1:essence n.本质,实质,精髓→essential adj.极其重要的,必不可少的 simplicity n.简单(性),容易(性);简朴→simple adj.简单的→simplify v.使简化,使简易 Para.3:restoration n.恢复;修复→restore v.恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原 Para.4:potentiality n.潜力,潜在的可能性→potential n.(人的)潜力 adj.潜在的,可能的 actuality n.事实,真实情况→actual adj.实际的,真实的 capacity n.容量,容积;领悟(或理解、办事)能力;职责;生产能力→capable adj.有能力,有才能;能力强的 熟词生义 Para.1:compromise常用义:v.妥协,让步　文章义:v.损害 核心短语 Para.1:for the sake of为了……的缘故 Para.2:fall apart破裂,崩溃 长难句 分析 From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.(Para.3) 分析:句中who引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语;because 引导原因状语从句,从句中shown...studies为过去分词短语作状语。 译文:从第二个观点来看,作为人类,原谅在个人和社区的生物和心理完整性中起着关键作用,因为科学研究表明,原谅的结果之一是仇恨的减少和和谐的恢复。 $$