选修2 Unit 1 Growing up-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版）

选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Growing up 主题语境　个人成长 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 背诵默写本 ◆重点单词 四级词汇 airline n.　[C]航空公司 　an airline pilot航空公司飞行员 evidence n.[C]&[U]证据(proof);迹象;[U](法庭上的)证据,证词 licence n.[C]执照,许可证 　a driver's/driving licence驾照 suitable adj.合适的,适宜的(反unsuitable) 　(be) suitable for对……适合 tax n.[C]&[U]税,税款 vt.对……征税 　personal income tax个人所得税 　lay a tax on sth.对某物征税 　before/after tax税前/税后 三级词汇 *childhood n.[C]&[U]童年,儿童时代 　in/during one's childhood在童年时期 approval n.[U]赞成,同意 conclusion n.[C]结论,推论(v.conclude) 　arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论 consequence n.[U][正式用语]重要性;[C]结果,后果 　of little/no consequence不重要的,无足轻重的 　as a consequence/in consequence[正式用语]结果,因此 household adj.[只用于名词前]家庭的;家用的 　household expenses/products家庭开支/家用产品 instantly adv.立即,马上(immediately) legal adj.合法的,法律允许的;[只用于名词前]法律的(反illegal) loan n.[C](银行等的)贷款,借款 　a bank loan银行贷款 *obey vt.& vi.服从;遵守(反disobey) 　obey rules/orders遵守规则/服从命令 politics n.[U]政治;政治学(political,politician) *steady adj.稳定的,稳固的 　a steady income/job稳定的收入/工作 *memorable adj.难忘的(memory,memorize) 二级词汇 ambulance n.[C]救护车 bond n.[C]关系,纽带 vt.& vi.(使)黏合,(使)结合 chew vt.& vi.咀嚼 n.[U]咀嚼 commitment n.[C]&[U]投入,花费;[U]奉献(v.commit) *deposit n.[常用单数]订金,押金 vt.付(订金),付(押金) digest vi.& vt.消化(食物)(n.digestion) vt.理解,领会 election n.[C]&[U]选举,推选(v.elect) 　a general election大选 golf n.[U]高尔夫球运动 gradual adj.逐渐的,逐步的(adv.gradually) mature adj.成熟的,明白事理的;(果实)熟的 routine n.[C]&[U]习惯,惯例 *selfish adj.自私的 *swallow vt.& vi.吞下,咽下 n.[C]燕子 　swallow up吞没,淹没,吞并 varied adj.各种各样的 (vary,variety,various,variously,variable,variation) wage n.[C][常用复数](按小时、日或周计算的)工资,薪金 　high/low wages高/低薪 　a weekly wage周薪 一级词汇 *arithmetic n.[U]算术 integrity n.[U]正直诚实;完整,完好 librarian n.[C]图书馆管理员 minimum adj.[常用于名词前]最小的,最少的(反maximum) n.[C](pl.minima/minimums)最少量 *subtle adj.难以察觉的;微妙的 *tiresome adj.烦人的,令人厌烦的 virtue n.[C]美德;[U][正式用语]德行(反vice) *adulthood n.[U]成年 *bittersweet adj.苦乐参半的 *boarder n.[C]寄宿生,住校生 *cherish vt.重视,珍视 digestion n.[U]消化(过程)(v.digest) *disheartened adj.沮丧的,灰心的 *intimately adv.亲密地;密切地 *masterpiece n.[C]杰作 *milestone n.[C]里程碑,重大事件 *necktie n.[C]领带 *prey n.[U]猎物 *primeval adj.原始的,远古的 *ponder vt.& vi.仔细考虑,深思 *tempt vt.诱惑,引诱 *commute n.[C]每天上班的路程 ◆重点短语 1.have a say有发言权 2.behind the wheel在驾驶汽车 3.take responsibility for为……负责 4.no doubt无疑地;很可能地 5.tempt sb. to do sth.诱惑某人做某事 6.in the act of正在做……时 7.ponder over思考;考虑;思索 8.lay aside把……搁置一边 9.devote oneself to致力于,献身于 10.at a glance一瞥,看一眼 11.distinguish...from...区分……和…… 12.be concerned with参与;干预 13.close at hand近在咫尺 14.be pleased to do sth.乐于做某事 ◆句式表达 1.句式：adj.＋enough to do;介词＋宾语从句 Surely, if you're old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes, you should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them！当然,如果你到了赚取工资和纳税的年龄,你应该被允许对政府如何支出它们有发言权！ 2.句式：find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard to save any money.因为我要分担家庭账单,并且上下班的通勤费用相当昂贵,我发现很难存下来钱。 3.句式：it is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. Grown-ups never understand anything by themselves, and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them.大人从来无法自己弄懂任何事情,孩子们总是没完没了地向他们解释,真是令人厌烦。 4.句式：whenever引导时间状语从句 Whenever I met one of them who seemed to me at all clear-sighted,I tried the experiment of showing him my Drawing Number One, which I have always kept.每当我遇上一个在我看来很有眼光的大人,我就试着给他看我一直保存着的“1号画作”。 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1.behave with _________ 行为表现诚实正直 2.Patience is a ______.耐心是一种美德。 3.a _______ peach 成熟的桃子 4.a part of your daily _______ 你日常生活的一部分 5.a ______ of friendship 友谊的纽带 integrity virtue mature routine bond 第二组　拓展词汇 1.elect v.选举→________ n.选举 2.instant adj.即刻的,立即的 n.瞬间;片刻→________ adv.立即,马上 3.vary v.变化→______________ adj.各种各样的→________ n.变化;多样性;种类 4.digest v.消化(食物)→_________ n.消化(能力) 5.conclude v.得出结论→__________ n.结论→___________ adj.结论性的;不容置疑的;确凿的 election instantly varied/various variety digestion conclusion conclusive ■利用语境串记单词 6.It's ______ that the witnesses have provided convincing ________ to prove my innocence.(evidence) 7.I don't have a _____ that is _________ to wear for the party.(suit) 8.As is known to all,education is a _______ process,and people are __________aware of its importance.(gradual) 9.Over half of the students in our class __________ of another basketball match with Class Two,but their _________ was ___________ by our PE teacher.(approve) evident evidence suit suitable gradual gradually approved approval disapproved 10.Being lost in the mountain will lead to serious _____________. _____________,you had better find a guide to accompany you.(consequent) 11.Many animals are ________ hunted every year.The government has taken ______ action to prevent ______ hunting.(legal) 12.___________ to education,he ___________ every minute to studying and teaching,so his _____________ finally paid off. (commit) consequences Consequently illegally legal illegal Committed committed commitment 第三组　重点短语 1._________ 无疑地;很可能地 2._________________ 诱惑某人做某事 3._____________ 正在做……时 4.____________ 思考;考虑;思索 5.________________ 致力于,献身于 no doubt tempt sb.to do sth. in the act of ponder over devote oneself to 6.___________ 一瞥,看一眼 7.__________________ 区分……和…… 8._________________ 参与;干预 9.___________________ 乐于做某事 at a glance distinguish...from... be concerned with be pleased to do sth. ■根据语境完成句子 10.(2023·全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society,and she teaches that people must _________________________ ________________ (承担起保护环境的责任). 11.Little children should be allowed to ____________________ (对事情有发言权) concerning their interest. 12.When the car was finally stopped by the police,they were shocked to find it was a boy that was _________________ (在驾驶汽车). take responsibility for saving their environment　 have a say on matters behind the wheel 13.While reading,you'd better __________________________ (手边放本词典) so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it.(建议信) 14.At last,they decided to _______________________ (搁置他们的分歧) and try to solve the problems together. keep a dictionary close at hand lay aside their differences 第四组　句式仿写 1.坦白地说,一开始我觉得英语口语的发音规则很难学。(求助信) Frankly speaking, at first I _________________________the pronunciation rules of spoken English.(find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do) 2.为客人夹菜是中国人的传统,这表明了他们的热情好客。(告知信) ______________________________________________,which shows their hospitality.(it is＋n.＋for sb.to do) found it difficult to learn It is a tradition for Chinese to take foods for guests 3.每当我感到难过时,杰克总是知道如何用他温馨的话语和有趣的笑话让我振作起来。(情感描写) _______________________ , Jack always knows how to cheer me up with his kind words and funny jokes.(whenever引导时间状语从句) Whenever I'm feeling sad 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.instantly adv.立即,马上 conj.一……就……→________ n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;立刻的 (1)in an instant＝instantly立刻;马上 for an instant一瞬间;片刻 (2)instantly/the instant＋时间状语从句 一……就……　 instant ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Giggling _______ (instant) with a broad smile spreading on his face,he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance. ②Peter hesitated _____________ (片刻) and then began to tell us his story, his voice initially trembling with emotion but gradually growing stronger. instantly 灿烂的笑容;开怀大笑 for an instant ③一宣布汤姆为演讲比赛的获胜者,他就哭了起来。(情绪描写) Tom ____________________________________________________ ___________________ of the speech contest. burst into tears/burst out crying instantly/the instant he was declared the winner 2.approval n.赞成,同意;批准→_________ vi.赞成,同意 vt.批准,通过→__________ adj.赞同的 (1)approve sth.批准某事 approve of (sb./sb.'s) doing sth.赞成/同意(某人)做某事 (2)win one's approval 得到某人的批准/同意 give (one's) approval to 同意;批准 approve approving ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian ________ (approve) section signed. ②(译林选必四U2)You may not approve ____ their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from, which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly. ③如果我的申请被批准,我将非常感激。期待您的回复。(申请信) I ______________________________________________________. Looking forward to your reply. approval of would highly appreciate it if my application were approved 3.consequence n.后果;结果;重要性→___________ adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→______________ adv.因此;结果 as a consequence (＝as a result) 因此;结果 as a consequence of (＝as a result of) 由于…… take the consequence (of...) 承担(……)后果 consequent consequently ①(译林选必三U4)Every day, thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term _____________ (consequence) could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure. ②Less sun exposure ________________________ (由于……) decreased outdoor activity is considered to be the cause of vitamin D inadequacy. consequences as a consequence/result of ③我祖父正在医院接受治疗,因此,我必须照顾他。所以我不得不重新安排我们的约会。(道歉信) My grandfather is under treatment in hospital, and _______________ _____________ , I have to take care of him. So I'll have to reschedule our appointment. as a consequence/ consequently 4.find＋it＋adj./n.(宾语补足语)＋to do [教材原句]　Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard to save any money.因为我要分担家庭账单,并且上下班的通勤费用相当昂贵,我发现很难存下来钱。 (1)如果find的宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句,而且其后有宾语补足语时,习惯上用it作形式宾语,并把真正的宾语放在后面。常见句型： ①find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do ②find＋it＋adj./n.＋从句 ③find＋it＋no good/no use/no value/...＋doing sth. (2)与find用法相同的动词有think,consider,make,feel,believe等。 ①I think it no good ________ (read) in bed,which does great harm to your eyesight and may also affect your sleep quality. ②(译林选必一U3)I couldn't believe __ when I heard he did around 250 paintings of the same water lily pond, all in different colours and styles. ③要想提高你的写作水平,你最好把每天写日记当成习惯。(建议信) To improve your writing, you'd better _________________________ __________. reading it make it a rule to keep a diary every day Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.(2023·全国甲卷)You should learn to say to yourself,“This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable.” You'll then _________ (gradual) become more patient. 2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In __________ (conclude), we all look forward to attending your class,where we can take the chance to improve our oral English. 3.This exhibition of some sixty ____________ (masterpiece) celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. gradually conclusion masterpieces 4.(人教必修二U2)Watching Tibetan antelopes move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty.I'm also reminded of the danger they were in.They were hunted, ________ (illegal), for their valuable fur. 5.(人教必修三U3)There is Chinese food _______ (suit) everyone's taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 6.There are _____________ (vary) opinions about the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, but the most popular one is related to the poet Qu Yuan. illegally to suit varied/various 7.(人教必修二U4)Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by ________ (evident) of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. 8.(译林选必二U2)Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the ________ (elect) in 2015. evidence election 9.The garbage-sorting policy _________ (approve)by the government is helpful in protecting the environment and making full use of resources. 10.As you progress through life, you may study and work in new environments. _____________ (consequent), you will be exposed to many new ideas, beliefs, practices and learning experiences. approved Consequently Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.你需要坚持的是每天早晨进行充分的体育锻炼。(动词不定式作表语) What you need to insist on is ___________________________________. (建议信) 2.(译林必修一U3)我们常常发现,认识到别人的弱点比认识到我们自己的更容易。(find复合结构) We often ______________________other people's weaknesses than our own. to take plenty of exercise every morning find it easier to recognize 3.我很荣幸代表我们学校向您表示欢迎。(it作形式主语) _________________________________________ you on behalf of our school.(欢迎辞) 4. (2023·全国甲卷) 她警告社会所面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起拯救环境的责任。 She warns of the environmental dangers facing society,and she teaches that people must ___________________________________________. It is a great honour for me to express welcome to take responsibility for saving their environment 5.毫无疑问,莎莉是她公司里最优秀的销售员之一,她拥有出色的沟通能力和对工作的奉献精神。 Sally was _________ one of the best saleswomen in her firm, with her exceptional communication skills and dedication to her work. no doubt Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I've matured a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself, they just have to be my own. __ A.成熟　　 　　B.到期　　　　C.酿成 A A.v.存款　 B.n.存款　 C.n.订金　 D.v.使沉积 E.n.沉淀物,沉积物 2.deposit (1)The flood waters fell, depositing mud over the whole area, requiring extensive cleanup efforts to restore the affected regions. __ (2)I deposited money into my savings account every month to build up my emergency fund. __ (3)The water in the kettle left a hard-water deposit on the bottom, which needed to be cleaned regularly. __ D A E A.v.存款　 B.n.存款　 C.n.订金　 D.v.使沉积 E.n.沉淀物,沉积物 (4)To open an account, you need to make a minimum deposit of $500. __ (5)(2023·全国甲卷)Terri,who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth,South West London,says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. __ B C 2.deposit 培优2　单元话题写作——成人礼 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear Chris, I'm so glad to hear from you. In your last letter,I've learned that 1. ______________________________________________________ ____________ (你对在我们学校举行的成人礼仪式非常感兴趣) on June 8 this year. The following is a brief introduction to the ceremony. you're more than interested in the coming-of-­age ceremony held in our school By reviewing our growth period,the headmaster 2.____________ __________________ (要求我们作出承诺) to become useful people for the whole society.3._____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ [很明显,通过这次活动,我们意识到我们今后应该对自己所有的行为负责(形式主语)]. As a consequence,4.________________________________________________________________ [我们认为有必要以我们优秀的同学为榜样(形式宾语句型)]and make ourselves useful to the whole society. requested us to make a commitment It was evident that through this activity we realized that we should be responsible for all our actions in the future we find it necessary to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates What about yours？Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Jin 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　subtle, bittersweet, disheartened, tiresome, memorable [人物描写]　integrity, virtue, mature, selfish, commitment, suitable [动作描写]　cherish, tempt, swallow, chew, obey 美句 1.I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer.(情感描写) 2.Like a musical symphony,life has high and low moments,and somewhere in between are those moments we call “bittersweet”. (比喻句) 3.Whatever our choices are,we should cherish and embrace these moments in life.After all,each step we take is one more step forward to becoming a stronger and better person.(主旨升华) Step 2　语料运用　【减肥挣扎、梦魇惊醒】 她暗自发誓要珍惜她为减肥的投入,然而,新鲜出炉的面包的香味诱使她尝一尝。她轻咬一口,细细咀嚼,缓缓咽下,心中不禁赞叹：“真是太美味了！” She secretly vowed 1.__________ ______________________________________ (不定式短语作状语). However, the fragrance of freshly baked bread 2. ___________________ _________. With a gentle nibble, she 3. __________________________ (动作链描写), unable to help but exclaim in her heart, “This is truly delicious！” to cherish the commitment she had made to lose weight tempted her to take a bite chewed and swallowed slowly 突然,一个念头闪过她的脑海：“我已长久自律,偶尔放纵一次,无碍大局。”于是,她大口咀嚼,迅速吞咽,却惊觉自己身体逐渐膨胀。 Suddenly, a thought flashed through her mind, “4._______________________ _________ so it made no difference to overeat just one time.” So, she began to chew vigorously and swallow quickly, only to realize with horror that her body was gradually expanding. I've been obeying for a long time In a panic, she screamed and abruptly woke up, 5.______________________ _________________ (find＋宾语＋宾语补足语), realizing it was all just a dream. What a terrifying nightmare it was! 惊恐之下,她尖叫出声,猛然醒来,发现只是一场梦,却已满头大汗,满心沮丧。这真是一个骇人的梦境！ finding herself sweating and disheartened 语料积累 【动作细节描写：动“手臂”】 词块 wave one's arms挥动双臂; fold one's arms某人双臂交叉; hold out/open one's arms某人伸出/张开双臂; gather sb. in one's arms把某人抱在怀中; put/throw one's arms around sb.搂住某人; take one's arm挽住某人的胳膊; catch/grab one's arm抓住某人的胳膊; keep sb. at arm's length与某人保持距离; with crossed arms双臂交叉; with open arms张开双臂(欢迎) 句型 He ran to the door, waving his arms.(分词短语作状语) 他挥动着双臂朝门跑去。 She stood there with her arms crossed/folded, looking very angry.(with 复合结构) 她站在那里,双臂交叉,看上去很生气。 He held out/opened his arms, smiling. 他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。 She turned around, trying to keep him at arm's length. (分词短语作状语) 她转过身,尽量和他保持一定的距离。 He had to approach her and reached out a hand to catch/grab her left arm. 他只得走近她,伸出一只手抓住她的左胳膊。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2025·广东广州综合测试一)Last summer at a bookstore,my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown's middle-grade trilogy (三部曲).He then finished it in just two days.“Dad,why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？” he tearfully asked me. The story is set on a remote island,where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island's creatures,and becomes part of the community.For my son,it was the first book he discovered on his own; the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy (悲剧) and joy. When I finished the book,I knew why Henry loved it.In our book club discussion,he described how Brown's pictures and words had made the story feel real.When talking about its final scene,where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body,Henry cried again.His previous reading experiences had cheerful,“happily-ever-after” endings,but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions.I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments,but failed to fully convince him. Once our discussion ended,Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it.He read the first two books repeatedly,so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects. We both agree it is worth the wait.Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat：“the poison tide”.Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventures and unsettling ideas—not just happiness and sadness,but also,given the climate-change undercurrents,hope and despair. And,here's something special about Roz：her physical clumsiness and confusion about life,conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth.Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place,much like a child's journey.Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even better,they learn alongside her.Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book's sad parts,getting him ready to appreciate that,sometimes,sadness isn't a bad thing to feel. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要从父亲的视角介绍了儿子阅读机器人小说的经历和体会。 1 2 3 4 1.What drove the author to read The Wild Robot？(　　) A.Its tragic ending. B.Henry's tearful recommendation. C.Its attractive cover. D.Henry's emotional response to it. D 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。第一段谈到去年夏天在一家书店,作者的儿子Henry被Peter Brown的中级三部曲的第一部小说的封面迷住了。然后他只用了两天就读完了这本书,之后泪流满面地问作者“为什么《荒岛机器人》这部小说如此令人伤心？”。再由第二段中的第一句可推知,作者是因为Henry阅读这本书后的情绪反应才决定阅读此书,看看里面表达的内容,故选D。 1 2 3 4 2.What is one theme of The Wild Robot Protects？(　　) A.Family and community. B.Concerns about global issues. C.The exploration of the ocean. D.The man-robot relationship. B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中谈到的“to stop an underwater threat：‘the poison tide’”以及接下来的“given the climate-change undercurrents”可知,这本书的其中一个主题是对全球性问题的担忧,故选B。 1 2 3 4 3.What makes Roz in the trilogy special？(　　) A.Her childlike expressions. B.Her robotic power. C.Her struggling experiences. D.Her adventurous spirit. C 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And, here's something special about Roz：her physical...the challenges of surviving in a strange place,much like a child's journey.”可知,Roz还有一些特别之处：她肢体上的笨拙和对生活的困惑,通过她会说话的眼睛和向下的嘴角传达出来。她的故事反映了在一个陌生的地方生存的挑战,很像孩子的旅程。所以,机器人Roz的这段像孩子在陌生地方生存的经历是她的特别之处,故选C。 1 2 3 4 4.Which message does this text seem to communicate？(　　) A.Misfortune inspires great literary works. B.Robot stories work like magic on children. C.Book discussions help kids survive tragedies. D.Reading literature facilitates personal growth. D 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲述了作者的儿子Henry阅读《荒岛机器人》等三本书的经历和体会;根据最后一段中的“Readers love Roz.They learn from her...to appreciate that,sometimes,sadness isn't a bad thing to feel.”可知,读者和文中提到的三本书中的机器人Roz这一角色一起学习和成长。Roz给了Henry度过第一本书中的伤心部分的能量,让他做好了准备去理解：有时候,感受悲伤并不是一件坏事。所以作者的儿子Henry在阅读三部文学作品的过程中,心理方面收获了成长,故选D。 B (2024·新疆乌鲁木齐第一次质检)The Greek philosopher Heraclitus once said that you can't step into the same river twice,for you aren't the same person at each visit and the water is ever flowing.It is a powerful way to show the reality that everything is always changing.Yet so many people have unpleasant relationships with change.We resist it or attempt to control it,the result of which is almost always some combination of stress,anxiety,and burnout.It doesn't have to be that way. No doubt,change can,and often does,hurt; but with the right mindset,it can also be a force for growth.A concept called allostasis can help.Developed in the late 1980s by neuroscientist Peter Sterling and biologist Joseph Eyer,allostasis is based on the idea that rather than being rigid,our healthy baseline is a moving target.Allostasis is defined as “stability through change”—the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing. From neuroscience to pain science and psychology,allostasis has become the dominant model for understanding change in the scientific community.The brain is at its best when it is constantly rewiring itself and making new connections.Overcoming pain is not about resistance or trying to get back to where you were but about balancing acceptance with problem-solving and moving forward to normal. The time to start practicing is now.Over the past few years,the river of change has been flowing,and it shows no signs of letting up.Our ability to work with these changes is directly related to our life satisfaction.Given all this,simply creating a stable air of expectancy around change goes a long way.So does realizing that the allostasis mindset doesn't ask us to do nothing.Rather,it asks us to partake in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can't.When I catch myself resisting change,in my head I say the following：“This is what is happening right now.I'm doing the best that I can.What,if any,skillful actions can I take？” Do this repeatedly and finally you start to get better at it. To thrive in our lifetime—and not just survive—we need to transform our relationship with change,leaving behind rigidity and resistance.We are always shaping and being shaped by change,often at the very same time. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。人们往往在抗拒或者试图控制变化时感到压力和焦虑。本文主要讲述了Peter Sterling和Joseph Eyer提出的应变稳态的概念。它能够帮助人们在面对变化时,关注自己能控制的,忽略自己无法掌控的,从而实现内心的平静,并在变化中成长。 5 6 7 8 5.What's the common practice toward change？(　　) A.To welcome it.　　　 B.To reject it. C.To overlook it. D.To adapt to it. B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet so many people have unpleasant relationships with change.We resist it or attempt to control it”可知,人们在面对变化的时候通常会抗拒它,故选B。 5 6 7 8 6Which of the following can best interpret “allostasis”？(　　) A.One size fits all. B.Time works great changes. C.Respond to change by changing. D.It's never too late to change. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Allostasis is defined as ‘stability through change’—the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing.”可知,应变稳态就是通过变化实现在变化过程中保持稳定,也就是说,通过变化来应对变化,故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 7.What does the underlined phrase “letting up” in paragraph 4 probably mean？(　　) A.Stopping.　　　　　　 B.Dashing down. C.Going up. D.Widening. 解析：词义猜测题。画线短语所在的句子与上文形成并列关系。根据上文中的“the river of change has been flowing”可知,变化的河流一直在流淌。由此可见,这条河没有停下来的迹象,故A项与画线短语的意思最为接近。 A 5 6 7 8 8.What might the author agree with？(　　) A.Repetition makes up for rigidity. B.It matters to focus on what we can't change. C.Change promotes life satisfaction. D.It makes sense to embrace change. D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“it asks us to partake in change”可知,应变稳态要求我们参与变化;根据最后一段中的“We are always shaping and being shaped by change,often at the very same time.”可知,我们往往在同一时间塑造变化和被变化塑造。据此可以推断,作者认为我们应该拥抱变化,故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2024·湖北武汉5月模拟)The fear of rejection was one of my biggest fears.Keeping myself in a 1 bubble (气泡) and doing what I can perform well were my favourites.But I had to step out of the bubble eventually,with the first important out-of-my-comfort-zone 2 being applying for college. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 The 3 of my first college rejection is still fresh.I remember grabbing my phone trying 4 entering the password to the application website.When the letter started with “Thank you for your 5 ”,I was cut to the quick. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 This fear is 6 elsewhere：from a job market or when asking someone out.Compared with rejection in workplaces,being 7 in social occasions stings (使不安) even more.At least the former mainly comes in email or phone calls,but social rejection is all terribly 8 .Each rejection felt like a 9 reminder of “you're not good enough”.Because of this fear,I 10 so many opportunities to grow. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Luckily,getting over the fear takes just a shift in 11 .So next time,think this way： 12 rejection does not mean you're not good enough,but that you've tried your best for the time being.This optimism will 13 the pain of rejection. This fear will never truly 14 ,as everything we do has rejection attached to it in some way.Uncertainty is 15 ,but without experiencing the scariness,we would never grow,would we? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直以来惧怕被拒绝,每一次被拒绝都痛苦地提醒自身“你还不够出色”。由于这种恐惧,作者错失众多成长机遇。所幸作者开始转变被拒绝时产生的消极心态。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 1.A.safe　　　　　　　　 B.small C.beautiful D.thin 答案：A 解析：根据上文“The fear of rejection was one of my biggest fears.”和下文的“out-of-my-comfort-zone”可知,作者因惧怕被拒,所以将自己置于“安全的”气泡中。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 2.A.consequence B.practice C.experience D.promise 答案：C 解析：根据下文“being applying for college”可知,申请大学是作者走出舒适区的一次经历。故选C。consequence“结果,后果”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.reason B.memory C.impact D.process 答案：B 解析：根据下文“of my first college rejection is still fresh”和“I remember”可知,此处是作者曾经被大学拒绝的记忆。故选B。impact“巨大影响,强大作用”;process“过程”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.nervously B.casually C.curiously D.randomly 答案：A 解析：根据上文“I remember grabbing my phone trying”可知,作者要查看申请结果,很紧张。故选A。casually“随意地”;curiously“好奇地”;randomly“随机地”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.interview B.request C.consideration D.application 答案：D 解析：根据上文“my first college rejection”可知,此处指大学申请。故选D。interview“面试,面谈”;request“要求”;consideration“仔细考虑,深思,斟酌”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.applicable B.avoidable C.ungrounded D.unjustified 答案：A 解析：根据下文“from a job market or when asking someone out”可知,这种恐惧适用于其他地方。故选A。avoidable“可以避免的”;ungrounded“无根据的”;unjustified“不正当的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.picked out B.turned down C.built up D.laughed at 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Compared with rejection in workplaces”和下文的“social occasions”可知,此处指社交场合被拒绝的情况。故选B。pick out“挑选出”;build up“使逐渐变大”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.in private B.in person C.by design D.by mistake 答案：B 解析：根据上文“At least the former mainly comes in email or phone calls”可知,前者的拒绝主要是通过电子邮件或电话的形式,但社交拒绝都是当面拒绝。故选B。in private“私下地”;by design“故意地”;by mistake“错误地”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.visual B.timely C.painful D.meaningful 答案：C 解析：根据下文“you're not good enough”和“the pain of rejection”可知,每一次被拒绝像是在提醒自己不够好,这种感觉会产生痛苦。故选C。visual“视觉的”;timely“及时的”;meaningful“意味深长的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.capitalized on B.sought for C.looked forward to D.missed out on 答案：D 解析：根据下文“so many opportunities to grow”可知,作者害怕被拒绝,所以错过了很多成长的机会。故选D。capitalize on“利用”;seek for“寻找”;look forward to“期待”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.priorities B.tone C.mindset D.strategies 答案：C 解析：下文“ 12 rejection does not mean you're not good enough,but that you've tried your best for the time being”说明要转变心态。故选C。priority“优先事项,最重要的事,首要事情”;strategy“策略”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.surviving B.receiving C.anticipating D.hating 答案：B 解析：根据下文“rejection does not mean you're not good enough”可知,此处指收到拒绝。故选B。survive“幸存”;anticipate“预期”;hate“讨厌”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.ease B.cause C.intensify D.overlook 答案：A 解析：根据下文“the pain of rejection”可知,此处指乐观心态缓解被拒绝的痛苦。故选A。cause“造成”;intensify“(使)加强,增强,加剧”;overlook“忽略,未注意到”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.change B.emerge C.last D.disappear 答案：D 解析：根据下文“as everything we do has rejection attached to it in some way”可知,这种恐惧永远不会真正消失,因为我们所做的每件事在某种程度上都可能会被拒绝。故选D。emerge“出现”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.relative B.significant C.relevant D.scary 答案：D 解析：根据空后的“without experiencing the scariness”可知,不确定性是可怕的。故选D。relative“相比较而言的,比较的”;significant“有重大意义的,显著的”;relevant“紧密相关的,切题的”。 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.3：enhance v.增强 Para.4：instantly adv.立刻 Para.5：expertly adv.熟练地 breathtaking adj.激动人心的,令人赞叹的 unsettling adj.令人不安(或紧张、担忧)的 Para.6：alongside prep.与……一起,与……同时appreciate v.理解 派生词汇 Para.4：repeatedly adv.重复地 →repeat v.重复 Para.6：clumsiness n.笨拙→clumsy adj.笨拙的 confusion n.困惑;混淆→confused adj.迷惑的 核心短语 Para.2：on one's own 独自 B篇 核心单词 Para.1：burnout n.精疲力竭,过度劳累 Para.2：mindset n.观念模式,思维倾向 Para.4：expectancy n.预料,预期,期待,盼望 Para.5：thrive v.茁壮成长,兴旺发达,繁荣 派生词汇 Para.1：resist v.阻挡,抵制;抵抗→resistance n.反对,抵制;抵抗,反抗→resistant adj.抵制的,反抗的 Para.2：rigid adj.固执的,僵化的,一成不变的→rigidity n.刻板,僵化 stability n.稳定(性),稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的,稳固的,牢固的 熟词生义 第6题B选项：work 常用义：v.工作;争取;运转;奏效　文章义：v.(由于努力)造成,产生 核心短语 Para.4：partake in 参与,参加 let go of放开,松手;放弃,摒弃 (想法、态度或控制) 长难句分析 Developed in the late 1980s by neuroscientist Peter Sterling and biologist Joseph Eyer,allostasis is based on the idea that rather than being rigid,our healthy baseline is a moving target.(Para.2) 分析：句中developed in... Eyer为过去分词短语作状语;that引导同位语从句,解释说明the idea的内容。 译文：在20世纪80年代末,神经学家Peter Sterling和生物学家Joseph Eyer提出了应变稳态,它是基于这样一种观点,即我们的健康基准是一个移动的目标,而不是一成不变的。 $$