选修1 Unit 3 Faster，higher，stronger-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版）

选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 Faster，higher，stronger 主题语境　体育精神 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 背诵默写本 ◆重点单词 四级词汇 association n.[C]协会,联盟,社团;联系;联想;[C]&[U](与人或团体的)关联;交往(v.associate) 　the National Basketball Association (NBA) 美国职业篮球联赛 　association with与……联合;与……有来往 cheat vi.(尤指在竞赛、游戏或考试中)作弊 vt.欺骗,蒙骗 n.[C]骗子;[单数]欺诈行为;欺骗手段 三级词汇 *burst (burst,burst) vi.突然出现 vt.& vi.(使)爆裂,(使)爆炸 n.[C]爆裂,裂口;迸发,突发 　burst on/onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) 　burst in on/upon突然闯入而打断 　burst into突然迸发 　burst out突然大声喊叫;突然……起来 defeat vt.战胜,打败(beat);使(计划、希望等)落空;使受挫 n.[C]&[U]击败,战败,失败 　suffer a defeat败北 　admit/accept defeat承认失败 expectation n.[C]&[U]预料,预期 　beyond sb.'s expectations超出某人的预期 　disappoint sb.'s expectations辜负某人的期望 　come up to/live up to/meet/answer sb.'s expectations 不负某人所望 net n.[C]球网;网;(the Net)互联网 philosophy n.[C]人生哲学,(生活、工作的)准则;[U]哲学;[C]&[U]哲学体系(n.philosopher) seize vt.夺取,占领;抓住(grab),逮捕;抓住,把握(时机等) 　seize on/upon抓住(可利用的事物) *shot n.[C]投球,射球,击球;发射,射击;尝试,努力 　give a shot尝试一下 二级词汇 assign vt.分配,分派(n.assignment) 　assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事 *bump n.[C]隆起之处;碰撞(声),撞击(声) vt.& vi.(使)撞击,碰撞 　bump into[非正式用语]撞见,不期而遇(run into) cooperation n.[U]合作,协作(v.cooperate) *footstep n.[C]足迹;脚步声 　follow in sb.'s footsteps继承某人(尤指家人)的事业;仿效某人 *ingredient n.[C](完成某事的)要素,因素;(烹饪用的)材料,成分 　fresh/basic ingredients新鲜食材/基本配料 *nerve n.[C]意志力;神经;[复数]神经紧张,焦虑(adj.nervous) 　get on sb.'s nerves令某人焦躁 opponent n.[C](竞争、比赛等的)对手;反对者 remarkable adj.非凡的;不寻常的;引人注目的(adv.remarkably;近astonishing) *sharpen vt.使提高,使改进;削尖,磨快 *shiny adj.光滑发亮的,闪光的(v.shine) surgery n.[U]外科手术;[C]诊室(n.surgeon) *teamwork n.[U]合作,协作 vivid adj.(记忆、描述等)生动的,逼真的(反vague);(想象力)丰富的;(色彩)鲜艳的,鲜明的(adv.vividly) 　a vivid description生动的描述 *comeback n.[C][常用单数]东山再起,复出,重返 一级词汇 *backboard n.[C]篮板 bounce vt.& vi.(使)反弹,(使)弹起 n.[C]弹跳;[U]弹性 　bounce around蹦来蹦去,弹来弹去 intense adj.紧张的,激烈的(n.intensity) muddy adj.沾满泥的,泥泞的(n.mud) *preliminary adj.初步的;预备的 tournament n.[C]锦标赛,联赛 　tennis tournaments网球锦标赛 *quarter-final n.[C]四分之一决赛 *self-belief n.[U]自信 *semi-final n.半决赛 steely adj.坚定的;钢铁般的(n.steel) *teammate n.[C]队友 *warrior n.[C]武士,战士 *yoga n.[U]瑜伽 ◆重点短语 1.a far cry from与……大不相同 2.give way倒塌,向下垮 3.follow in one's footsteps仿效某人;继承某人(尤指家人)的事业 4.carry on继续,坚持;开展 5.beyond one's expectations超出某人的预期 6.in a row连续地 7.set out动身,出发,开始 8.go wild (气得或喜得)发狂,兴奋 9.burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) 10.pay off 取得成功 11.ups and downs盛衰;沉浮;苦乐;跌宕起伏 ◆句式表达 1.句式：where引导表语从句 He probably didn't realise it at the time, but it was where he learnt to be creative and flexible as a player. 他当时可能没有意识到这一点,但在那里他学会了作为一名球员该有的创造力和灵活性。 2.句式：too...to... Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps. 尽管斯蒂芬父亲的事业很成功,但许多人,包括他的高中队友和教练,都认为斯蒂芬太矮、太瘦、太弱,无法继承他父亲的事业。 3.句式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 His creativity and perseverance made him Davidson's star player. 他的创造力和毅力使他成为戴维森的明星球员。 4.句式：续写佳句之情感描写(see sb. doing sth.;with复合结构) And there we see the Chinese players embracing, with tears of happiness in their eyes... 在那里,我们看到中国球员拥抱在一起,眼里含着幸福的泪水…… 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1． in examinations 考试作弊 2． into the room 突然闯入房间 3． an opportunity 抓住机会 cheat burst seize 第二组　拓展词汇 1． associate v．联系→ n．协会，社团 → adj.有关联的；相关的 2． remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→ adv. 非凡地；不寻常地 3． vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→ adv.生动地；逼 真地 association associated remarkably vividly 4． intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→ adv.强烈地 → n．强烈；紧张 intensely intensity ■利用语境串记单词 5． The knife is not ⁠ enough so it needs to be ，which I think will ⁠ improve your work efficiency.(sharp) 6． She finished the task ⁠ to her ahead of time but the boss gave her new ，which drove her crazy.(assign) sharp sharpened sharply assigned assignments 7． The two groups ⁠ well with each other and promised to strengthen their ⁠ in the future.(cooperate) 8． As ，all of us achieved our goals and met our teachers' ．(expect) 9． After a walk on the road，his trousers were dotted with ．(mud) cooperated cooperation expected expectations muddy mud 第三组　重点短语 1.______________ 与……大不相同 2.__________ 倒塌,向下垮 3._________ 连续地 4.________ 动身;出发;着手 5._________ (气得或喜得)发狂 6.______________ 盛衰,起伏 a far cry from give way in a row set out go wild ups and downs ■根据语境完成句子 7.I've _________________ (开展一项调查)among us students on whether college students should take part-time jobs. 8.The result is totally ______________________ (超出他的预期). That is to say, he has never thought he could get the award. carried on a survey beyond his expectations 9.Her father used to be a very famous doctor so she decided to ____________________ (继承他的事业) and become a doctor as well. 10.The little girl was determined to become a doctor and ____________ _________________ (她的坚持最终得到了回报). 11.He _________________________ (在时尚界崭露头角) in the early 1980s and immediately became a hit worldwide. follow in his footsteps her persistence eventually paid off burst onto the fashion scene 第四组　句式仿写 1.家不仅仅是一个居住空间;它是心灵找到爱和归属感的地方。(主旨升华) Home is not just a living space; it's __________________________ _________________.(where引导表语从句) 2.在没有休息的情况下做了三个实验,他们疲劳至极,不能继续做第四个了。(场景描写) Having done three experiments without a rest, they _______________ go on with the fourth one.(too...to...) where the heart finds love and a sense of belonging are too tired out to 3.深厚的历史和优秀的中国文化使它成为最受外国人欢迎的大学之一。(推荐信) Profound history and excellent Chinese culture __________________ __________________________________.(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) make it one of the most popular universities for foreigners 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1. expectation n．预料，预期→ v．预料；期待；期望；认为→ adj.预料的，预期的→ adj.出乎意料的，始料不及的 expect expected unexpected (1)out of/beyond one's expectations超出某人的预期 live up to/meet (one's) expectations不负(某人的)期望 (2)expect (sb.) to do sth.期待(某人)做某事 as expected按计划进行,不出所料 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. She had expected ______ (be)the last one to cross the finish line, but instead she had come in the middle of the pack. ②(北师大选必二U6)Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but it's normal to have high ____________ (expect) when a film of a favourite book is made. to be expectations ③我真的很想得到这个宝贵的机会,我相信我能达到你的期望。(申请信) I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I am sure that I can _____________________________. live up to/meet your expectations 2.assign v.分配,分派;指派→___________ n.任务;(工作等的)分派,布置 assign sb.sth.＝assign sth.to sb.分配某人某事 assign sb.to sth./as sth.指派某人做某一项工作/担任某一职务 assign sb.to do sth.分派/委派某人做某事 assignment ①(译林选必三U4)__________ (assign) by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang'an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. ②Mr. Smith, the manager of the department,decided to assign the important task ____ whoever had a strong sense of responsibility. Assigned v.(尤指长途)旅行 to 33 ③(译林选必四U4)I remembered working on my first ___________ (assign). It was a 3,000-word essay on geometry and I wasn't even sure how to begin the first paragraph. ④她是如此优秀的航天员,以至于她被指派在中国空间站执行了近6个月的任务。(人物描写) She is __________________________________________________ ________ a nearly six-month mission in the Chinese space station. assignment such an excellent astronaut that she has been assigned to perform 3.give way倒塌,向下垮 give way to 被……取代;向……让步 give out 放出,发出(光、热、声音等);分发;公布;用完,耗尽 give away 赠送,捐赠;泄露(秘密);颁发 give up 放弃;戒除 give up on 对……不抱希望 give in 屈服;投降 give off 放出,散发(光、热、烟、气味等)　 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I was about to give ___ , Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. ②(译林选必二U2)When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up ____ his or her own, the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. ③(北师大选必一U2)Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars, he would give ______ small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas. up on away ④起初,玛丽什么也没说,然后她的沉默变成了愤怒,当她终于说出自己的想法时,她的双眼闪烁着怒火。(情绪描写) At first Mary said nothing, and then __________________________, her eyes flashing with fury as she finally spoke her mind. her silence gave way to anger 4.carry on继续;坚持;经营;进行(生意、谈话等) carry on with sth./doing sth.继续(做)某事 carry out 实行;执行;进行;履行(诺言、义务等) carry through 使渡过(难关等);维持;完成 ①(2023·全国甲卷)He spared no effort to carry ___ a series of reforms to make his country prosperous. ②(译林选必三U2)As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry ______ experiments in other research fields. out out ③他双腿颤抖地站了起来,继续沿着路慢慢地走着,下定决心无论遇到什么困难都要到达目的地。(情绪＋动作描写) He rose to his feet on shaky legs, and __________________________ ________ , determined to reach his destination no matter what difficulties he met. carried on walking slowly down the road 5.burst onto突然出现在……(指突然成功) burst out crying/laughing＝burst into tears/laughter 突然哭起来/ 笑起来 burst with anger 勃然大怒 burst with joy 心花怒放 burst in 突然闯进;插嘴 burst into...闯入…… ①It was a fantastic performance from a young but excellent diver who has only recently burst ____ the scene. ②I felt as if my heart would burst ____ joy when I heard the news that the Chinese team had won the championship. ③When she saw her classmates laugh suddenly because of her foolish mistakes, she cried suddenly. →_____________________________________________________ because of her foolish mistakes, she _________________________ ______.(分词短语作状语) onto with Seeing her classmates burst out laughing/burst into laughter burst out crying/burst into tears 6.too...to...句型 [教材原句]　Despite his father's successful career, Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short, too thin and too weak to follow in his father's footsteps.尽管斯蒂芬父亲的事业很成功,但许多人,包括他的高中队友和教练,都认为斯蒂芬太矮、太瘦、太弱,无法继承他父亲的事业。 (1)“too...to do sth.”意为“太……而不能做某事”,表示否定的 意义。 (2)“too...to...”结构之前带有never, not等否定词时,表示肯定意义, 意为“非常……,十分……”。 (3)当“too...to...”结构用来修饰表达人的态度、情感状态的形容词,如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,sad,willing等时,不定式表示肯定意义,意为“非常,十分,很”。 (4)“can't... too...”表示“无论怎样……也不过分”。 ①(人教选必三U4)The voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us _______ (make) it in our small boats. ②You _________________ (再仔细也不为过) when you do your homework because even the smallest mistake can affect your overall grade. ③我很不好意思面对我的家人,我只是扭头对爸爸说我要走了。(情感描写) ______________________________ , I simply called over my shoulder to Dad that I was leaving.(形容词短语作状语) to make can't be too careful Too embarrassed to face my family Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.(2023·全国乙卷)As it turned out,Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she _________ (defeat) two Russians. 2.(2023·浙江1月卷)Last week,in a public debate in San Francisco,a software program called Project Debater beat its human __________ (opponent),including Noa Ovadia,Israel's former national debating champion. defeated opponents 3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work _____________ (complete) in class or short ____________ (assign) to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. 4.Studies indicate that confident people tend to be healthier due to the positive effects of emotion __________ (associate) with happiness and satisfaction. to be completed assignments associated 5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's ___________ (expect). 6.(人教选必三U3)It is our responsibility ________ (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. expectations to seize 7.(北师大必修一U1)In front of the classrooms, there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and _______ (mud) on rainy days. 8.The photo _______ (vivid) shows a lovely American girl in traditional Chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face. 9.Trees survive through their ___________ (cooperate) and support, passing around necessary nutrition. 10.The ancient scroll has survived the test of time ____________ (remarkable) well,and is currently housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. muddy vividly cooperation remarkably Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.汤姆最近的行为会让史密斯老师火冒三丈。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Tom's recent behavior would _________________________________ ________________________________________.(情绪描写) make Mr. Smith burst into anger/burn with anger/burst with anger/explode with anger 2.在父母的指导下,孩子们设法完成了这顿特别的晚餐。(过去分词短语作状语) _______________________,the kids managed to finish the special dinner.(动作描写) 3.当老师让我回答一个问题时,我总是很紧张,以至于回答不出来,这让我很难过。(too...to...) When the teacher asked me to answer a question, I was always _____________________ , which made me very sad.(情绪描写) Instructed by their parents too nervous to answer it 4. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)当我最终完成时,获胜的念头已经被写作的乐趣取代。 When I finally finished it, the thought of winning _______________ the enjoyment of writing. 5.我们原以为约翰会做得不错,但他的成功超出了我们的预期。 We thought John would do well, but he has succeeded ______________________. had given way to beyond our expectations Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. __ A.分配　　　B.委派　　　C.确定 2.Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man.Safe. __ A.意志力 B.神经 C.鲁莽 C B A.注射 B.投篮;射门　C.照片　 D.尝试;努力 E.少量烈酒 3.shot (1)You have to get three shots of the vaccine over a period of six months. __ (2)In the football match Shaw took a shot at the goal from the halfway line, but missed. __ (3)Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots,bar crawls and karaoke. __ A B E A.注射 B.投篮;射门　C.照片　 D.尝试;努力 E.少量烈酒 (4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you're willing to apply yourself,I think you have a good shot at this. __ (5)(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. __ D C 3.shot 培优2　单元话题写作——体育锻炼 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 I feel extremely honoured to deliver a speech which is in connection (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：1.____________) with the importance of physical exercise. association It is widely acknowledged that the first wealth is health. We take regular exercise in expectation of a healthy body and a life of high quality. Take me for example.I'm willing to do outdoor sports. (用“too... to...”结构升级本句：2._______________________________) In the past two years, I have spent half an hour running each day. What's more, I often play basketball with my friends. All this effort 3.___________ (已经得到了回报). Regular exercise not only strengthens my body gradually, but also helps me relieve my pressure surprisingly. (用倒装句升级本句：4.______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________) I'm too willing to do outdoor sports. has paid off Not only does regular exercise strengthen my body gradually, but it also helps me relieve my pressure surprisingly. Health is priceless. Therefore, I am appealing to all of you to grasp (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：5.______) every opportunity to exercise regularly and make it a habit. seize 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　self-belief, intense, beyond one's expectations [动作描写]　burst, seize, give way, bounce, sharpen, assign, defeat, burst onto [人物描写]　follow in one's footsteps, carry on, steely, nerve, cooperation, remarkable, teammate, pay off 美句 1.Through self-belief,hard work,perseverance and some help from an old hoop,he has shown that anything is possible.(人物描写) 2.At last,showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves,they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final.(人物描写) 3.We all stood up and started cheering and shouting.It was like being hit by a huge wave of excitement.(情感描写) 4.Everyone was on their feet,cheering.I was also caught up in the excitement and cheered so hard that I thought my lungs would burst！(情感描写) Step 2　语料运用　【团队合作】 汤姆拥有篮球上的非凡才能,然而,他起初在与队友的合作上显得力不从心。不出所料,他们的球队在半决赛的激烈角逐中败下阵来。 Tom possessed remarkable talent in basketball, yet initially struggled with teamwork and cooperation. 1.____________ (非限制性定语从句), their team 2. _______________________________________. As expected was defeated in the intense Semi-final 面对挫折,汤姆并未动摇自信,反而继续更加勤奋地训练,并抓住每一次机会去增进与队友之间的合作。他的勤奋努力,加上全队的共同努力,最终得到了回报——球队在篮球比赛中一举成名,这超出了所有人的预期。 In the face of adversity, Tom's confidence remained unshaken; instead, he 3. ________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ (并列句). His diligent efforts, along with the team's, finally 4. ________—the team 5. _________ in the basketball competition, 6.___________ _____________________________ (非限制性定语从句). carried on training even harder and seized every opportunity to enhance his cooperation with his teammates paid off　 burst onto which was beyond everyone's expectations 语料积累 【动作细节描写：“嘴”动“唇”动】 单词 mouth, open-mouthed, lip, grin 词块 one's mouth widens咧开嘴; one's mouth drops/hangs wide open张大嘴巴; cup/cover one's mouth捂住某人的嘴; one's heart in one's mouth提心吊胆; lick one's lips舔嘴唇; purse one's lips噘嘴 句型 She couldn't move, her mouth wide open with terror.(独立主格) 他不敢移动,嘴巴惊恐地张得老大。 Learning he was appointed as captain, he broke into a wide grin. 得知他被任命为队长后,他咧嘴笑了。 I stared, open-mouthed.(形容词作状语) 我目瞪口呆地看着。 Her lips trembled, tears rolling down her cheeks. 她嘴唇颤抖,眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2024·湖南长沙期中)For the rapidly decreasing number of Americans who've never heard of pickleball, the little-known paddleball game is one of America's fastest-growing sports. Invented in 1965 by three middle-aged fathers in Washington State,pickleball is an odd cross among tennis, ping-pong and badminton, played with a paddle and a perforated (穿孔的) plastic ball. The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles. Most of pickleball's core players—those who play more than eight times per year—are over age 65, but the game is getting younger, with the strongest growth among players under 55, according to USA Pickleball. But with so many new players, the US is struggling to keep up with the demand for courts. The country has only about 10,000 places to play, by USA Pickleball's count, but that continues to grow by several dozen every month. Pickleball is also fast becoming a spectator sport (观赏性体育运动). Its first professional tournament, the Professional Pickleball Association (PPA) Tour, was formed in 2018 and the professional players are being able to really become celebrities and spotlights. Traditional broadcasters' interest in the sport is growing. So far, pickleball fans can watch amateur and professional matches on sports or social channels, mostly online. “The ability for a sport to find an audience quickly via social media is unprecedented (前所未有的),” says Ben Shields, who lectures at MIT Sloan School of Management and studies the sports industry. Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences, who has been the key to success for other sports leagues—that also started with grassroots and unusual names. “I think if pickleball, in its own humble way, can continue to grow its participation and find ways to make the sport an appealing fan product, who knows, 10 or 20 years later, it could be a big competitor in the global sports industry.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国快速发 展的运动项目——匹克球。 1 2 3 4 1.What do we know about the pickleball game from the text？(　　) A.It was named after a dog. B.It is popular among young kids. C.It's a cross between tennis and volleyball. D.It was invented by three ordinary women. A 1 2 3 4 解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles.”可知,匹克球运动是以一条狗的名字命名的,故选A。 1 2 3 4 2.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to？(　　) A.The playing time. B.The form of matches. C.The number of courts. D.The participation rate. C 1 2 3 4 解析：代词指代题。 根据画线词前的“The country has only about 10,000 places to play,by USA Pickleball's count”可知,这个国家只有大约1万个匹克球运动场地,再根据画线词后的“continues to grow”可推知,此处指的是“比赛场地的数量”,即比赛场地的数量继续以每个月几十个的速度增长,故选C。 1 2 3 4 3.Which best describes “a famous star” to pickleball according to Ben Shields？(　　) A.Humble.　　　　　 B.Inflexible. C.Harmful. D.Influential. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences”可知,“a famous star”的作用是吸引更多的观众,所以推测“a famous star”对于匹克球运动而言应该是具有很大影响力的,故选D。 D 1 2 3 4 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text？(　　) A.The History of Pickleball B.The Growing Popularity of Pickleball C.The Rise and Fall of Pickleball D.The Rules of Playing Pickleball 解析：标题归纳题。 通读全文可知,文章第一段首先引出了匹克球这项运动在美国发展很快,第二段介绍了匹克球的起源,接着介绍了这项运动的发展和前景。所以文章主要围绕“匹克球运动的快速发展”这个主题展开,故B项是最佳标题。 B B (2024·河北石家庄教学质检二)When it comes to lowering blood pressure,studies have typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best.Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure. Exercises that engage muscles without movement,such as wall squats and planks,may be best for lowering blood pressure,according to a large study published in July 2023 in British Journal of Sports Medicine. This type of training is known as isometric exercises,according to the Mayo Clinic.Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length,and the joints involved don't move,facilitating stability of the body.Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without,just relying on the body's own weight. “These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure,” said study co-author Dr.Jamie O'Driscoll in a news release. The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions,lasting two or more weeks,on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.From a review of 270 trials with 15,827 participants,the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training),isometric exercises,aerobic exercises,dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two,isometric exercises led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure. It's also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.These include keeping to a healthy weight,eating a balanced diet,cutting down on salt,not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication. More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training,the authors said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能有效控制血压的锻炼活动——等长运动,即在不运动的情况下锻炼肌肉,促进身体的稳定性。做该锻炼时可使用重物,也可不使用重物只依靠身体自身的重量。 5 6 7 8 5.What does the underlined part “isometric exercises” in paragraph 3 refer to？(　　) A.Exercises that are done with extra weights. B.Exercises that involve visible muscle contraction. C.Exercises that focus on stability of the body. D.Exercises that engage muscles without movement. D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“muscles contract but do not visibly change length,and the joints involved don't move,facilitating stability of the body”可知,等长运动指的是肌肉收缩但长度没有明显变化,并且所涉及的关节不移动,从而促进身体的稳定性,也就是说等长运动指的是身体不动但锻炼肌肉的锻炼,故选D。 5 6 7 8 6.How did the researchers carry out the study？(　　) A.By providing statistics. B.By interviewing experts. C.By doing experiments. D.By making comparisons. D 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,研究人员调查了随机对照试验,这些试验报告了1990年至2023年2月期间持续两周或更长时间的运动干预对血压的影响。通过对15 827名参与者的270项试验的回顾,研究人员发现,在HIIT(高强度间歇训练)、等长运动、有氧运动、动态阻力训练和后两者的结合中,等长运动使血压降低幅度最大。也就是说,研究人员是通过比较的方法进行这项研究的,故选D。 5 6 7 8 7.What do the authors suggest the future studies about isometric exercises focus on？(　　) A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness. B.Demonstrating its influence on mental health. C.Assessing its suitability for different populations. D.Determining its long-term impact on blood pressure. A 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“More research is needed to...other types of training”可知,作者们认为未来需要更多的研究来确定为什么等长运动可能比其他类型的训练更能降低血压,即他们建议未来有关等长运动的研究应专注于探索它的有效性的原因,故选A。 5 6 7 8 8.What is the text mainly about？(　　) A.The benefits of aerobic exercises. B.The best exercise for blood pressure. C.The effects of various types of exercises. D.The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle. B 5 6 7 8 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段告诉我们在降低血压方面,研究通常表明有氧运动是最好的。然后文章主要介绍了另一种降低高血压的有效活动——等长运动的相关情况。研究表明,等长运动也许是降低血压的最好方式,故本文主要讲了降低血压的最佳活动,故选B。 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2024·河南适应性测试)Last year,cardiologist (心脏病学家) Steve Lome came to truly understand what it means to be at the right place at the right time.During a half-marathon (半程马拉松),he found himself in the position to 1 not one,but two runners.It all began around the 3-mile 2 .Things had been going smoothly up to that 3 ,but that's when Steve noticed an unwell 4 named Gregory. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Gregory had just reached the peak and was 5 to see that he would run downhill for a bit.This was the last thing he remembered before 6 .Meanwhile,Steve saw this happen,and he could 7 it wasn't a simple fall.Steve stopped 8 to perform CPR (心肺复苏) for Gregory as an ambulance made its way there.Steve 9 to ensure the ambulance took him,and then he continued the race. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 But,as soon as Steve 10 the finish line,his life-saving help was needed once more.A man named Michael began to feel 11 after crossing the finish line.Then,just like Gregory,he fell down.The 12 of this entire situation is truly remarkable.Had Steve not 13 to help Gregory,he would have crossed the finish line much sooner than Michael, 14 he wouldn't have been around to save him,too. This happened last year,but all three men have stayed in 15 .They even ran together in the very same half-marathon this year! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Steve医生在跑半程马拉松的过程中意外救助了两个昏倒的参赛选手的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 1.A.save　　　　　　 B.lose C.accept D.believe 答案：A 解析：根据上文中的“cardiologist Steve Lome”以及下文中的“perform CPR for Gregory”可知,Steve是一名医生,他的职责是救人,故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 2.A.match B.mark C.joint D.way 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“but that's when Steve noticed an unwell 4 named Gregory”可知,就在马拉松大概三英里的标记处,Steve注意到了状况不好的Gregory,故选B。mark“符号,记号”;joint“接合处,接点”。 __ 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.extent B.distance C.area D.point 答案：D 解析：空后提到Steve注意到Gregory不舒服,根据but可知,在这之前一切进展顺利,故选D。extent“程度”;distance“距离”;point“时刻,阶段”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.coach B.guide C.competitor D.volunteer 答案：C 解析：根据下文“Gregory had just reached...run downhill for a bit.”可知,Gregory是马拉松的一个参赛选手,故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.confused B.relieved C.worried D.disappointed 答案：B 解析：根据空处前后内容可知,Gregory刚跑到山顶上,当他看到要跑下坡路时应该是会感到宽心一点,故选B。confused“迷惑的”;relieved“感到宽慰的,放心的”;worried“担心的”;disappointed“失望的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.leaving B.arriving C.collapsing D.understanding 答案：C 解析：根据下文Steve开始对Gregory做心肺复苏可知,Gregory此时身体不适晕倒了,故选C。句意：这是他晕倒前记得的最后一件事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.tell B.predict C.decide D.imagine 答案：A 解析：根据上文可知,Steve是一名医生;再由下文Steve开始对Gregory做心肺复苏可知,Steve能够分辨出这不仅仅是摔倒,故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.temporarily B.accidentally C.eventually D.immediately 答案：D 解析：由上下文可知,在Gregory摔倒后,Steve立即停下来为他做心肺复苏,故选D。temporarily“暂时地”;accidentally“意外地”;eventually“最后”;immediately“立即”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.moved away B.stayed around C.wandered about D.looked over 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“to ensure the ambulance took him”可知,Steve为确认救护车带走Gregory而停留了一会,故选B。move away“搬走”;stay around“待着不走,不离开”;wander about“闲逛”;look over“检查”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.noticed B.identified C.missed D.reached 答案：D 解析：根据上文中的“and then he continued the race”可知,Steve在救助完Gregory后继续进行马拉松比赛。再由下文中的“his life-saving help was needed once more”可知,他一到达终点线,就有人再次需要他救助,故选D。identify“找到,发现;认出;显示”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.dizzy B.thirsty C.uneasy D.pleased 答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“Then,just like Gregory,he fell down.”可知,和Gregory一样,Michael摔倒了,所以此处应是说他开始感到头晕,故选A。dizzy“头晕目眩的,眩晕的”;uneasy“不安的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.analyzing B.evaluating C.timing D.recording 答案：C 解析：下文提到,如果Steve没有停下来救助Gregory,那么他将比Michael更早冲过终点线,也就不会救下Michael,整个情况的时间非常奇特,故选C。timing“(事情发生或计划安排的)特定时间”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.agreed B.failed C.refused D.paused 答案：D 解析：根据上文中的“Steve stopped 8 to perform CPR for Gregory”可知,此处是说,如果Steve没有停下来救助Gregory,故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.meaning B.proving C.clarifying D.indicating 答案：A 解析：如果Steve没有停下来救助Gregory,那么他将比Michael更早冲过终点线,这也意味着他不会出现在Michael身边救他,故选A。clarify“澄清”;indicate“表明”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.shape B.touch C.peace D.happiness 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“They even ran together in the very same half-marathon this year！”可推知,这三个人现在保持着联系,故选B。 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.3：demand n.需要,需求 Para.4：professional adj.职业的,专业的 celebrity n.名人,名流 amateur adj.业余的 Para.5：participation n.参加 appealing adj.有吸引力的,有感染力的 核心短语 Para.2：name...after...以……给……命名 Para.3：keep up with 跟上 Para.5：draw in sb.把某人吸引进来 B篇 核心单词 Para.1：lower v.减少;降低 typically adv.通常;一般 Para.3：facilitate v.促进;促使;使便利 派生词汇 Para.3：stability n.稳定(性);稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的;稳固的;牢固的 Para.4：recommendation n.推荐;介绍;提议→recommend v.推荐;举荐;介绍 Para.5：reduction n.减少;缩小;降低→reduce v.减少 熟词生义 Para.3：contract 常用义：n.合同;合约;契约　文章义：v.(使)收缩,缩小 核心 短语 Para.1：when it comes to当谈到……的时候 Para.6：cut down on减少,削减 prescribed medication处方药 长难句分析 These include keeping to a healthy weight,eating a balanced diet,cutting down on salt,not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.(Para.6) 分析：句中keeping to...ensuring that...prescribed medication为五个并列的宾语;that引导宾语从句。 译文：这些包括保持健康的体重、均衡饮食、减少盐的摄入、不过量饮酒以及确保你继续服用任何处方药。 $$