必修2 Unit 1 Food for thought-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版）

必修第二册 Unit 1 Food for thought 主题语境　多元饮食文化和健康的饮食习惯 单元主题· 创意背记 ◆重点单词 五级词汇 attack vt.(疾病、虫、化学物等)侵袭,侵蚀;抨击 vt.& vi.攻击,进攻 n．[C]&[U]攻击,进攻;抨击;[C](疾病等)侵袭,发作 　attacks against/on对……的袭击 　under attack遭受攻击 diet n．[C]&[U]日常饮食,日常食物;[C](为健康或减肥的)规定饮食 vi.节食;进行规定饮食 板块一　词句背诵 背诵默写本 be/go on a diet节食 opinion n．[C]意见,看法,想法(view) 　in my opinion在我看来 suffer vi.& vt.(身体或精神上)受苦;遭受(困难等) vi.变差,变糟 　suffer from受……之苦;患……病;忍受;遭受 within prep.在……里;不出(某段距离、时间) 四级词汇 belong vi.属于;应在(某处) 　belong to属于;是……的成员;归……所有 construction n．[U]建造,建筑,建设;[C][正式用语]建造物,构筑物(v.construct) 　under construction在建设中 convenient adj.便利的,方便的;附近的;近便的(n.convenience) 　it is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)方便做某事 custom n．[C]&[U]风俗,习惯,传统;[单数][正式用语](个人的)习惯(habit) function n．[C]&[U](事物的)功能/机能;(人的)作用/职责 vi.正常工作,运转,起作用 gather vi.& vt.聚集 vt.[正式用语]收割(庄稼等);搜集;采集(collect) handle n．[C]柄,把手 vt.(用手)触,拿,搬动;处理,应付 vt.& vi.操纵,驾驭 manner n．[复数]礼貌,礼仪;[单数][正式用语]方式,方法;[单数]举止,态度 　table manners餐桌礼仪 　good manners有礼貌 　in a．..manner用……的方式/态度 marriage n．[C]结婚,婚姻,婚礼;[U]婚姻生活(v.marry) official n．[C]官员,高级职员 adj.[只用于名词前]公职的,公务的;[常用于名词前]官方的,正式的(n.office) 　a government official政府官员 recommend vt.推荐,介绍;劝告,建议(n.recommendation) 　recommend sb. to do sth.劝告/建议某人做某事 　recommend doing sth.建议做某事 　recommend (that)...(should) do sth.建议……(应该)做某事 　recommend sb./sth. to sb.把某人/某物推荐给某人 related adj.相关的,有关系的(relate,relation,relationship,relative) 　(be) related to与……有关 slightly adv.略微,稍微 sort n．[C]种,类(type/kind) vt.把……分类;整理 　sort of有几分,有那么一点 　sort out (from)(从……中)区分出来;整理,处理 symbol n．[C]象征,标志;符号(adj.symbolic) tip n．[C]指点,建议;梢,末端;小费 vt.给……小费 trick n．[C][常用单数]诀窍,技巧,技法;诡计;把戏 vt.欺骗,欺诈 　play tricks on捉弄 typical adj.典型的,有代表性的;平常的(normal)(adv.typically) 　be typical of是……的特点 wedding n．[C]婚礼;结婚庆典 　arrange/attend/have a wedding筹备/参加/举行婚礼 三级词汇 adapt vt.& vi.(使)适应,(使)适合(adjust) vt.[常用于被动语态]改编,改写 　adapt to适应 bite n．[C]咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤 vt.& vi.(bit,bitten)咬,叮,咬伤 bitter adj.(味道)苦的,有苦味的;[常用于名词前]令人不快的,由痛苦引起的;(天气)严寒的 dare modal v．[接不带to的不定式;多用于条件句、疑问句、否定句]胆敢,敢于 vt.激,激将 　dare (to) do sth.敢于做某事 differ vi.不同,不一样,有区别(vary);不同意,意见相左(disagree) 　differ from不同于 identify vt.确定,发现;认出,辨认 lifestyle n．[C]&[U]生活方式;工作方式 　a comfortable/healthy lifestyle一种舒适的/健康的生活方式 plate n．[C]盘,碟;一盘(食物) poison n．[C]&[U]毒物,毒药,毒素 vt.毒死,毒害 satisfying adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的(satisfy,satisfied,satisfaction) 　a satisfying meal可口的饭菜 *someday adv.将来会有一天,有朝一日(some day) swing (swung,swung) vt.& vi.(使)摇摆,(使)(前后)摆动,挥动 n．[C]摇摆;晃动;秋千 　no room to swing a cat没有活动的余地,连转身都难 二级词汇 blog n．[C](计算机)博客,网络日志 vi.& vt.写博客,写网络日志 breast n．[C]&[U](禽类的)胸脯肉;[C]胸(脯);乳房 　beat one’s breast捶胸顿足 butter n．[U]黄油,牛油 cheese n．[U]&[C]干酪,奶酪 download vt.& vi.下载(信息或程序) n．[C]&[U]下载;[C]已下载的数据资料 honey n．[U]蜂蜜 horrible adj.[非正式用语]极讨厌的,糟糕的;可怕的,恐怖的 onion n．[C]&[U]洋葱(头) originally adv.最初,原先(origin,original) ranking n．排名,排行(v.rank) resist vt.[通常用于否定句]忍住,按捺 vt.& vi.抵制;阻挡(n.resistance;近oppose) 　resist doing sth.忍住不做某事/反对做某事 salty adj.咸的,含盐的 super adj.极好的,了不起的 adv.[非正式用语]特别,格外 toast n．[U]烤面包(片),吐司;[C]祝酒,干杯 vt.为……举杯敬酒,为……干杯;取暖 vt.& vi.烤(尤指面包);把……烤得焦黄 一级词汇 acid n．[C]&[U]酸(一种化学物质) adj.酸的,酸性的 addict n．[C]对……着迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人(addicted,addiction) 　a TV/football/video game addict电视迷/足球迷/电子游戏迷 bacon n．[U](通常切成薄片的)咸猪肉,熏猪肉 bakery n．[C]面包/糕饼店,面包/糕饼烘房 BBQ n．[C](barbecue的缩写)烧烤野餐 black pudding血肠,黑香肠 butcher n．[C]肉贩,屠夫 vt.屠宰;屠杀 chef n．[C]厨师;主厨;厨师长 *cheesecake n．[C]&[U]干酪蛋糕 china n．[U]瓷,瓷料 　a piece of china一件瓷器 creamy adj.似奶油的,软厚平滑的,光滑细软的 cuisine n．[C]&[U]菜肴;烹饪(法) *homemade adj.自制的,家里做的 hot pot火锅 incredibly adv.[非正式用语]极端地,非常地;[句子副词]难以置信地 maple n．[C]&[U]枫树,槭树 *oolong n．乌龙茶 *pizzeria n．[C]比萨饼餐厅 pudding n．[C]&[U]布丁 recipe n．[C]食谱,烹饪法;秘诀 reconstruct vt.重建,再建 roast n．[C]大块烤肉 vt.& vi.烤,烘 adj.[只用于名词前]烤好的,烤制的 　Beijing roast duck北京烤鸭 *sauce n．[C]&[U]调味汁,酱汁 sausage n．[C]&[U]香肠;腊肠 snack n．[C](正餐以外的)小吃,点心 sour adj.酸(味)的 *spicy adj.辛辣的,(食物)加有香料的 steak n．[C]&[U]牛排 *stinky adj.难闻的,有臭味的 *tender adj.嫩的,软的(尤指烹饪恰到好处);和善的,温柔的;纤弱的 tofu n．[U]豆腐 yoghurt n．[C]&[U]酸乳,酸奶 *vegetarian adj.(全是)蔬菜的,没有肉类的 n．[C]素食者 ◆重点短语 1．take to (尤指短时间内)喜欢上;养成(做)……的习惯 2．suffer from患……病;受……折磨 3．come across 偶然遇见;偶然发现 4．remind sb. of...使某人想起…… 5．feel at home with和……在一起感到很自在 6．in case以防万一 7．put...to the test使……受考验;使……受检验 8．belong to属于 9．end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来 10．catch up打听(不在时所发生的事情),别后叙谈 11．bring up抚养 12．pick up买,购买 ◆句式表达 1．句式：现在分词短语作状语 Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks!我在英格兰长大,我的父亲是英国人,母亲是中国人。自学会使用刀叉和筷子以来,我就一直享用着来自这两个国家的美食! 2．句式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!对我来说,没有什么比由英式饼干和装在精致瓷杯里的中国乌龙茶组成的跨文化下午茶更好了! 3．句式：each time引导时间状语从句 The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.每次我们喝软饮料的时候,软饮料中的糖会形成酸,会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。 4．句式：not/no...without I guess I’ve always been a big meat eater and in this house, no family meal is complete without some form of meat.我想我一直都是个食肉者,在这个家里,没有肉的家庭餐是不完整的。 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1．a __________ceremony 结婚典礼 2．like the same _______of music 喜欢同种类型的音乐 3．a ______meal 一顿美餐 4．take a _______咬了一口 5．the chemical ________for copper 铜的化学符号 6．ask for sb.’s ________征求某人的意见 7．have a healthy and balanced ______拥有健康均衡的饮食 8．learning _____on grammar 语法学习建议 wedding sort super bite symbol opinion diet tips 9．an ancient ________古老的习俗 10．good ___________有礼貌 11．the _____of making cakes 做蛋糕的诀窍 12．a personal _______人身攻击 custom manners trick attack 第二组　拓展词汇 1．typical adj.典型的,有代表性的→________ adv.典型地;具有代表性地;通常 2．suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦→________ n．痛苦,苦难 3．horrible adj.糟糕的→_______ adv.可怕地;非常 4．relate v．使有联系;涉及→_______ adj.有关系的,相关的→ __________n．关系,联系;亲属 5．trick n．诀窍,技巧,技法→_______ adj.狡猾的;难办的,难对付的 typically suffering horribly related relation tricky 6．differ v．不同,不一样,有区别 →___________ n．差异,不同→ ________adj.不同的 7．slight adj.轻微的,少量的→________ adv.略微,稍微 8．incredible adj.难以置信的;极好的→___________ adv.极端地,非常地 9．construct v．建造→____________ n．建造,建筑→_________ v．重建,再建 10．identify v．确定,发现→_____________ n．鉴定,识别;身份证明→_______ n．身份;特征→ _________ adj.完全同样的;相同的 difference different slightly incredibly construction reconstruct identification identity identical 11．origin n．起源,开端→__________ v．发源,发端于→______ adj.原先的,最初的→__________adv.原来;起初 12．resist v．忍住,按捺→_________ n．抵抗,反抗→________adj. 有抵抗力的;抵制的 originate original originally resistance resistant ■利用语境串记单词 13．What made him ______________ was that his son got a __________________job,making him smile with ____________．(satisfy) 14．They fell in love with each other at first sight and got ________soon. Up to now,their _________has lasted for more than 20 years.(marry) 15．Is it ____________for you to contact her?Please reply at your earliest __________．(convenient) satisfied satisfying/satisfactory satisfaction married marriage convenient convenience 16．In fact,they are very __________and they can soon ______to living abroad.You should have confidence in their ________．(adapt) 17．The cigarettes are so __________that once you are ________to smoking cigarettes,it’s extremely difficult to fight your __________． (addict) 18．The young man ____________________as manager of the big company last year thanks to the _________________of his professor. (recommend) adaptable adapt adaptation addictive addicted addiction was recommended recommendation 第三组　重点短语 1．_________(尤指短时间内)喜欢上;养成(做)……的习惯 2．___________患……病;受……折磨 3．____________使某人想起…… 4．_______________和……在一起感到很自在 5．______________使……受考验;使……受检验 6．___________打听(不在时所发生的事情),别后叙谈 7．__________买,购买 take to suffer from remind sb.of... feel at home with put...to the test catch up pick up ■根据语境完成句子 8．At first, Alice didn’t study well in our class, but she____________ ________________(最终名列前茅) in our class with great efforts. 9．Though he _________________________(遇到很多困难) on his way to becoming a doctor, he never gave up his dream. 10．The twins were separated at birth and _______________(养大) in entirely different environments. ended up topping came across many difficulties brought up 11．The house,which was broken into last night, _________________ ______(属于我的姐姐), but she doesn’t live there any more. 12．Careers officers maintain contact with young people when they have left school _________________________________(以防他们在找工作时需要帮助). belongs to my sister in case they need help in job-hunting 第四组　句式仿写 1．作为一名学生,我可以告诉你,没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。(心理描写) As a student,I can tell you that there is _______________________ _______by my teacher before my classmates.(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义) nothing better than being praised 2．每次走上舞台的时候,她都很开心和自豪,因为她已将童年的梦想变成了现实。(情绪描写) _____________________________, she was very happy and proud because she had made her childhood dream come true.(each time引导时间状语从句) 3．俗话说,“无风不起浪。” As an old saying goes, ____________________________________． (not/no...without) Each time she stepped on stage there is no smoke without fire 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦;经受,遭受(坏事);变差→_______ n．疼痛;痛苦;折磨;苦难→___________ n．受难者;患病者 suffering sufferer suffer a pain/defeat/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失 suffer from 遭受;患病 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered ________terrible back pain. ②It is shocking to see those patients _________________from disease and we all want to do something to help those __________out of their _________．(suffer) ③Never ____________________________(遭受如此巨大的损失) in his life, he almost lost the hope for life. 替代疗法 from suffering/suffer sufferers suffering(s) having suffered such a great loss ④在我们的生活中总是会有一些起起落落,但正是这些苦难让我们变得更加强大。(主旨升华) There are always some ups and downs in our lives, but _______________________________________．(强调句型) it is the suffering that makes us stronger 2.addict n．对……着迷的人→___________ adj.入迷的;上瘾的→_____________ adj.使人入迷的;使人上瘾的→_________ n．入迷;嗜好;瘾 addicted addictive (1)be/become/get addicted to沉迷于;热爱(to为介词) (2)addiction to ……瘾 addiction ①(译林必修三U3)I was _____smartphone addict. My eyes were glued to the little screen whenever I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night. ②(人教必修一U1)Some students even become ________(addict) to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. ③(译林选必二U4)Treatments of anxiety and drug ________(addict) are other valuable and cost-effective applications of VR. a 紧盯着;沉迷于 addicted addiction adj.划算的;有成本效益的 ④Young people are addicted to ________(play) their cell phones. They completely ignore their friends around. →__________________________________________, young people completely ignore their friends around.(形容词短语作状语) playing Addicted to playing their cell phones 3.differ v．不同,不一样,有区别→_________ n．不同之处;差异→_________ adj.不同的→___________ adv.不同地 difference different differently (1)differ from...in... 在……方面与……不同 (2)make a difference 起作用;有影响 (3)be different from 与……不同 ①(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ, my grandmother experienced an entirely ________(differ) childhood lifestyle from mine. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There, you’ll find them (xiao long bao) prepared _________(different)—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. ③(译林选必三U1)Given these cultural _________(differ), it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002. 多元文化日 different differently differences ④(译林必修一U1)可能性是无限的,我相信你们有能力改变你们的家庭、你们的社区和我们的国家。 The possibilities are endless, and I ____________________________ _____________________to your family, to your community and to our country. have confidence in your ability to make a difference 4.recommend v．推荐;建议→___________________n．正式建议;提议;推荐;介绍 recommendation (1)recommend doing sth.建议做某事 recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 recommend that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事 (2)recommend sb./sth.to sb.向某人推荐某人/某物 recommend sb.as...推荐某人为…… ①(译林选必二U4)From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from ________________(recommend) systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. ②(人教必修一U1)My adviser recommended that I _______________(sign) up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. recommendation (should) sign ③(2024·浙江1月卷)So if you’re looking for a way to get more exercise during the day, I highly recommend __________(try) jump rope as a 10-minute break time sport. ④我写信是想推荐汤姆当你的助手,因为他是一个英语说得很流利的毕业生。(推荐信) I______________________________, a graduate who is fluent in English, as your assistant. trying am writing to recommend Tom 5.convenient adj.方便的,便利的→____________ n．方便,便利 convenience (1)It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事很方便 sth.be convenient to/for sth.某物对某物是方便的 (2)at one’s convenience 在某人方便时 at your earliest convenience 尽早,尽快 ①(北师大必修三U8)Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore convenient _________bikes. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and _____________(convenient). ③Would it be convenient for you __________(pick) me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport? ④如果您感兴趣,请在您方便的时候尽早发送申请邮件。(申请信/邀请信) If you are interested, please send an application email _____________ __________________． for/to convenience to pick at your earliest convenience 6.resist v．忍住,按捺;抵抗,抗拒→_________ adj.有抵抗力的;抵制的,阻止的→___________ n．反抗,抵抗;抵抗力 resistant resistance (1)resist doing sth.反对做某事 can’t resist doing sth.禁不住做某事 (2)be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力　 ①(译林选必二U3)One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human __________(resist) to colds and flus. ②The more pesticides are used, the more _______(resist) the insects become, so the more pesticides have to be used. It’s a vicious circle． ③一到家,这个男孩就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老师的表扬。(动作描写) On arriving home, the boy __________________________________ ____________by the teacher. 基因组编辑 resistance resistant 恶性循环 couldn’t resist showing off his being praised 7.adapt v．(使)适应,(使)适合;改编,改写→___________ adj.能适应的→___________ n．适应;改编本,改写本 (1)adapt to 适应 adapt oneself to 使某人适应 (2)adapt...from...根据……改编…… adapt...for...改编……为……之用 adaptable adaptation ①(2024·浙江1月卷)Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure has all the good stuff,including the fence painting,the graveyard,the island and the cave.It __________(adapt) by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. ②(北师大选必二U6)One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film __________(adapt). 　　　 ③(译林选必四U3)In order to better _______________________(适应) new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. in a position to do sth.有能力做某事 is adapted adaptations adapt ourselves to/adapt to ④我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。(求助信) I am writing to__________________________________________ __________________________. ask you to help us with our English short play adapted from our English text 8.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来 end (up) in 以……告终 end (up) with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束) end up＋adj./doing... 以……(状况)而告终 end up as...最终成为…… ①(2023·全国乙卷)However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost ____________(miss) the sunset entirely. ②(2024·浙江1月卷)Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. He noted that his online students usually end up _______lower grades. ③As a matter of fact,even a successful inventor makes many experiments that __________________(以失败告终). missing with end up in failure ④回想起来,如果我失去耐心,半途而废,我终将一事无成。最后,正是耐心起到了很大的作用。(主旨升华) Looking back, I ___________________________________________ _________________________and given up halfway. It’s patience that makes a great difference in the end. (虚拟语气) would have ended up nowhere/ended up achieving nothing if I had lost patience 9.pick up买,购买;拾起,捡起,拿起;接收(信号或声音);(无意中)学会;收拾,整理;(开车)接人;取(物);(健康、生意等)好转,康复;接电话;发现,识 pick out认出来;辨别出;精心挑选 pick oneself up (跌倒后)站起来;振作起来 pick and choose挑三拣四,仔细挑选 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.______ ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)What I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy. ___________ ③(2025·八省联考)However, before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the group picked up the necklace, flew to the bench, and dropped it on her lap.____________ 购买 (开车)接人 拾起;捡起 写出下列句中黑体部分的含义 ④It’s surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long. _________ ⑤Business has been depressing but they expect it to pick up again before the Spring Festival.__________ ⑥(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)虽然他在开始的几公里内被绊倒了,但他很快就又站了起来,继续跑。(动作描写) Though he tripped over within the first few kilometers, ___________________________________________and continued running. 学会 情况好转 it didn’t take long before he picked himself up again [教材原句]　The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.每次我们喝软饮料的时候,软饮料中的糖会形成酸,会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。 用作连词的名词短语还有： (1)表示习惯性、经常性的动作或“第几次做某事”,常见的这类短语有(the) next time,(the) last time,the first/second/...time等; (2)表示某个具体的时间概念,含有“……的那天/那年”等,常见的这类短语有the year, the day, the week, the month等; (3)表示“一……就……”,常见的这类短语有the moment, the instant, the minute, the second等。 10.each time引导时间状语从句 ①(译林选必二U2)Can you imagine that _______________________ _______________(每次你有机会得分时), the goalposts are moved? ② __________________________________(下次你去拜访鲍勃时), remember to give him a call in advance. ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我一下飞机,就发疯似的穿过机场大楼,毫不犹豫地跳上了排队等候的第一辆出租车。(动作描写) _______________________________________,I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. every/each time you have a chance to score Next time/The next time you visit Bob The instant/moment/minute I got off the plane Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Here are some _______(tip) on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)The term “hutong”, ________(original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian,appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 3．(2023·全国甲卷)If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will ________(typical) pass by without trouble. tips originally typically 4．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most _____________________________(satisfy) and meaningful to them. 5．(2023·全国甲卷)______________ (difference) from traditional fables,Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 6．(北师大必修三U8)Because of its _______________(convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike. satisfying/satisfactory Different convenience 7. (人教必修二U5)Of course, I hope none of you have to go through the same kind of ________(suffer) that I did. 8．(译林必修一U3)_________ (adapt) from “Of Friendship”,an essay written by Francis Bacon, a great English writer, scientist and philosopher. 9．Experts recommend ______(take) effective measures to control the house prices as soon as possible to ensure a stable housing market. 10．I couldn’t resist ______(try) on the new skirt immediately it got home from the delivery man. Adapted suffering taking trying Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1．每当我回想起与朋友们共度的快乐旧时光,我都情不自禁地被一股暖流般的喜悦所感染。(every time) ______________________________________________, I can’t help but feel a warm wave of joy wash over me. (情感描写) 2．四处找了好一阵子,我终于在角落里看到了那只走丢的小狗。(分词短语作状语) _______________________________________,I saw the missing little dog in the corner finally.(动作描写) Every time I think of the happy old days with my friends Looking around for quite a while 3．阅读很重要,因为它能增加我们的词汇量并拓宽我们的知识面。(as引导原因状语从句) Reading is very important ___________________________________ ______________________．(建议信) 4．你刚开始学英语时讲英语不可能不犯错误。(not...without...) You ___________________________________________when you first start learning it.(语言学习) as it can increase our vocabulary and broaden our knowledge cannot speak English without making mistakes 5．尽管人们的背景不同,但彼此之间似乎感到很自在。 Although there was a range of people from different backgrounds, people seemed to_______________________________. (活动介绍) feel at home with each other Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. _____ A．端起　　　　B．购买　　　　C．(风)变大 2．(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. ____ A．处理 B．(用手)拿 C．操纵 A B A．n.小费　 B．n.技巧;提示　 C．n.尖端　 D．v.给小费　 E．v.倾斜,倾倒 3．tip (1)(2024·浙江1月卷)The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. ____ B A．n.小费　 B．n.技巧;提示　 C．n.尖端　 D．v.给小费　 E．v.倾斜,倾倒 (2)(2022·全国甲卷)And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland._____ C 3．tip (3)After I had my hair cut, I was so pleased with the hairdresser’s skill and friendly service that I gave her a tip. ___ (4)The seat tipped forward to allow passengers into the back. ____ (5)After enjoying a delicious meal at the restaurant, she tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service. _____ A．n.小费　 B．n.技巧;提示　 C．n.尖端　 D．v.给小费　 E．v.倾斜,倾倒 A E D 3．tip 培优2　单元话题写作——健康饮食 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 I used to be keen on snacks and some delicious junk food such as hamburgers and chips. Mum 1._______________________________ (提醒我均衡饮食) in order to keep fit but I 2.________________ (如此沉迷于) my favorite food that I turned a deaf ear to her tips. Frighteningly, I turned out to be overweight (用本单元知识改写本句：3.__________________________________). I had no choice but to see a doctor. reminded me to have a balanced diet was so addicted to Horribly, I ended up getting overweight The doctor told me the saying that you are what you eat, advising (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：4.__________________) me not to eat the foods containing too much sugar and fat and stop (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：5._________) the temptation of junk food as much as possible. Besides, the doctor suggested taking regular exercise and having enough sleep. Since I consulted the doctor, I 6.__________________________ (习惯了健康饮食). My health condition is picking up. I will stick to the good habit because 7._______________________________ [没有什么比健康更重要(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义)]. recommending resist have taken to eating healthily nothing is more important than health 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　dare, suffer, bitter, horrible, sour, resist, super, incredibly [动作描写]　gather, bite, recommend, attack, swing, catch up, identify, adapt, pick up 美句 1.He once told me he was surprised by what he saw on the table when he first visited my mother’s parents in China. He was even shocked at their wedding when he saw how the Chinese ate almost every part of an animal. (心理描写) 2．“You needn’t try it if you don’t want to,” Mum said, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad.(心理＋动作描写) Step 2　语料运用　【热情相助】 我的车出故障了,在路上左右摆动。我不敢再开了,把车停在了路边。太可怕了！ My car broke down, 1._______ _________________________ (分词短语作状语). I dare not drive it any longer, and stopped the car by the roadside. 2.________________ (感叹句型)！ swinging from side to side on the roada How horrible 害怕被野兽袭击和渴望获得帮助,我抑制不住痛苦的泪水。三个小时后,一个墨西哥家庭把车停在路边帮助了我。 3.______________________________ __________(形容词短语作状语) and eager for help, I 4._________________ ___________. Three hours later, a Mexican family pulled over and helped me. Scared of being attacked by wild animals couldn’t resist my bitter tears 我感谢了他们,并鼓起勇气向他们要了一些食物。当他们的小女儿把她所有的零食都给我的时候,我非常感动,几乎说不出话来。第二天,我在博客上发布了这个故事。 I 5._____________________________ ____________________________ (动作链描写).When their little daughter offered me all her snacks, I was incredibly touched and 6.___________ ______________________ (无生命名词作主语). The next day,I posted the story on my blog. thanked them and gathered my courage to ask them for some food words almost failed me 语料积累 【情感细节描写：宽慰与温暖】 单词 relief, relieve, comfortable, warm, warmth, ease 词块 to one’s relief使某人欣慰的是; a mixture of warmth and relief既温暖又欣慰; breathe a sigh of relief/sigh with relief松了口气; feel a surge of relief如释重负 句型 A great sense of relief and pride flooded over my father.(无生命名词作主语) 我的父亲深感宽慰和骄傲。 A gentle smile danced around the corners of her mouth, making us feel at ease.(分词短语作结果状语) 她的嘴角露出一抹温柔的笑意,使我们放松下来。 When I got in, I felt a mixture of warmth and gratitude. 当我进来时,我感到既温暖又感激。 句型 Hugging the dog with relief, I apologized to my mother sincerely.(分词短语作伴随状语) 我欣慰地搂着狗,真诚地向母亲道歉。 A wave of warmth surged through me.(无生命名词作主语) 我心中涌起一股暖流。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2024·云南昆明“三诊一模”模拟)Almost no one knows the world of competitive climbing like Janja Garnbret,an Olympic gold medalist and eight-time world champion.Having risen to the top of the sport,the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing.She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders. The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster.Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals,she says,sometimes to disastrous effects.Despite not having issues with eating disorders herself,she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors who have damaged their bodies in the pursuit of a thinner figure. “I have to recognize that weight does have some role to play in the sport.I also want to win,but I’m a strong believer that you can do climbing,or any sport,in a healthy way.Luckily I didn’t fall into this trap,” she says. “I was trying hard to help them get out of it,but it didn’t work.It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves mentally and physically.” It was experiences such as this that inspired Garnbret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders.The post sparked a huge response throughout the climbing community and attracted support from the likes of US rock climber Sasha DiGiulian. In her message,Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)—a syndrome (综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance,often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate (补偿) for the energy they consume in training,racing and their daily life.Left untreated,medical experts say RED-S can damage an athlete’s bone health,immune system,and psychological health,as well as his athletic performance. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了奥运会金牌得主和八届世界冠军Janja Garnbret利用自己的影响力提高人们对攀岩运动中“文化陷阱”和普遍的饮食紊乱问题的意识。 1 2 3 4 1．What does the “cultural trap” in the text refer to？(　　) A．The defeat of eating disorders. B．The pursuit of a thinner figure. C．The idea of keeping daily meals. D．The mindset of climbing to the top. B 解析：推理判断题。 根据第一段中的“the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the ‘cultural trap’ in climbing...eating disorders”可知,“文化陷阱”正在导致广泛传播的饮食紊乱问题。再根据第二段中的“The problem is...where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals,she says,sometimes to disastrous effects.”和“she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors...in the pursuit of a thinner figure”可知,一种过时的观念认为体重越轻,攀登就越快。这种心态导致年轻运动员开始不吃或少吃,这有时会产生灾难性的影响。Janja Garnbret非常清楚一些朋友和竞争对手为了追求更苗条的身材而损害了自己的身体。由此可推知,“文化陷阱”指的是追求更苗条的身材。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2．Why did Garnbret decide to post the message on the social platform?(　　) A．She used to fall into the cultural trap. B．Her efforts to help dieters were in vain. C．Her achievements deserved to be shared. D．She wanted to receive support from DiGiulian. B 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I was trying hard to help them get out of it,but it didn’t work...in July 2023 about eating disorders.”可知,Garnbret努力去帮助他们,但是一点作用都没有。她不忍心看到他们从精神和身体两个方面来伤害自己。类似的经历促使她在社交平台上发布了关于饮食紊乱的信息。由此可推知,Garnbret帮助饮食紊乱的人的努力失败促使她在社交平台上发布了消息。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 3．What may lead to RED-S according to the text?(　　) A．Severe mental problems. B．The habit of overeating. C．Over-exercise for a long time. D．The poor athletic performance. C 解析：细节理解题。 根据第五段中的“In her message,Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)—a syndrome that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained...their daily life.”可知,运动中相对能量缺乏症是一种综合征,主要表现在一些人为了提高他们的运动表现,长期过度训练或饮食不足,他们往往不知道无法补偿他们在训练、比赛和日常生活中消耗的能量的危险。由此可知,长时间的过度训练可能会导致运动中相对能量缺乏症。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 4．What can be a suitable title for the text?(　　) A．The Road to a World Champion B．Rising to Fame on Social Media C．The Challenge of Climbing with RED-S D．Warning against the Cultural Trap in Climbing D 1 2 3 4 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段中的“Having risen to the top of the sport,the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the ‘cultural trap’ in climbing.She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders.”可知,文章主要讲述的是Janja Garnbret利用自己的影响力,通过社交平台发布信息,提醒人们关注攀岩运动中的“文化陷阱”,即过度追求苗条的身材而导致饮食紊乱的问题。故D项“对攀岩运动中文化陷阱的警告”适合作本文标题。 B (2024·山西太原一模)Pick up any packaged processed food,and there’s a decent chance that one of its listed ingredients will be the “natural flavor”．The ingredient sounds good,particularly in contrast to “artificial flavors”．But what exactly does the natural flavor mean? It refers to extracts (提取物) got from natural sources like plants,meat or seafood.When consumers see the “natural flavor” on a label,they are unlikely to assume that someone is squeezing the juice from oranges into their bottles.They know even though natural flavors must come from natural sources,it needn’t all come from the plant or meat.For example,orange flavors might contain not only orange extracts,but also extracts from bark and grass.Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made. So if flavors like orange are needed,why not just use oranges? The answer comes down to “availability,cost and sustainability”,according to flavor chemist Gary Reineccius of the University of Minnesota.“If you’re going to use all your grapes on grape soda,” Reineccius says,“you don’t have any grapes for wine making; the products are going to be_________; besides,what do you do with the by-products you create after you’ve squeezed all the juice out of the grapes?” exorbitant Actually,while chemists make natural flavors by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients,artificial flavors are made by creating the same chemicals artificially.The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple：marketing.“Many of these products have health titles,” says Platkin,professor from Hunter College.“Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier,though they’re nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors.Natural flavors may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavors created in the lab.” Platkin suggests getting more transparent labeling on packaging that describes exactly what the natural or artificial flavors are,so consumers are not misled into buying one product over another because of “natural flavors”．Reineccius also offers some simple guidance：“Don’t buy anything because it says ‘natural flavors’．Buy it because you like it.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。人们在购物的时候往往会选择天然香精而不是人造香精,认为天然香精一定比人造香精要好。可是专家建议消费者不要被天然香精所误导,要去买个人喜欢的。 5 6 7 8 5．Which is a misunderstanding about the “natural flavor” juice according to paragraph 1?(　　) A．It comes from 100% original fruit. B．It is nothing but advertising tricks. C．It certainly contains extracts made in the lab. D．It is absolutely safer than juice with artificial flavors. D 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pick up any packaged processed food...The ingredient sounds good,particularly in contrast to ‘artificial flavors’．”可知,消费者在看食物成分表的时候,看到含有天然香精字样时会认为食品好,尤其是和人造香精对比。再根据第一段的最后一句“Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made.”可知,大家认为天然香精一定比人造香精要安全,这不是真的。故选D项。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the underlined word “exorbitant” in paragraph 2 probably mean?(　　) A．Popular.　　　　　　 B．Expensive. C．Durable. D．Innovative. B 5 6 7 8 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段中的“The answer comes down to ‘availability,cost and sustainability’”可知,原因分为三个部分。本段中的“you don’t have any grapes for wine making”对应的是“availability”; “the products are going to be exorbitant”对应的是“cost”; “what do you do with the by-products...the grapes”对应的是“sustainability”。只有B项可以说明成本。durable“耐用的,持久的”;innovative“创新的”。 5 6 7 8 7．Why do companies use natural flavors in their products?(　　) A．To cut the costs. B．To promote the sales. C．To advocate a healthy diet. D．To avoid food safety issues. B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple：marketing.”可知,公司使用天然香精是为了营销。故选B项。“To promote the sales”是marketing的同义转换。 5 6 7 8 8．What can we conclude from the text?(　　) A．Gary and Platkin hold opposite perspectives. B．Natural flavors are more environmentally friendly. C．Customers are misled into ignoring labels on packaging. D．Natural and artificial flavors are more alike than you think. D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier,though they’re nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors.”可知,消费者相信有天然香精的产品会更健康,尽管从营养上来讲这些产品和用人造香精的产品没有什么差别。故选D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2024·吉林长春三模) Kim Stemple, a special-education teacher, faced terrible diseases during her stay in a Boston hospital. While 1 with depression in her hospital room, Stemple received an unexpected present from a friend: a medal. Before Stemple got too sick to 2 , she had been a marathon runner and the medal brought back her racing memories. It served as a much-needed pick-me-up, 3 her of the strength and perseverance she once possessed. 4 , it worked like a charm, and then some, 5 her spirits and renewing her determination. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 11 12 14 15 13 Inspired by this life-changing 6 , Stemple began to think about how such a simple act could bring hope to others going through 7 times. And from this 8 of inspiration, her charity, We Finish Together, was born. This initiative 9 medals from strangers—runners, dancers, swimmers, singers, and even spelling bee winners—and donated them to individuals in need. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 11 12 14 15 13 Part of the process 10 the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon, giving the recipient a unique 11 to someone who cares. Indeed, for those who were 12 in hospitals and battling health challenges, being presented with a medal and reading the warm 13 really made a big difference. It 14 a reminder that they were not 15 in their struggles and that there was always support available to them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 11 12 14 15 13 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。Stemple身患疾病,当她在医院里与消沉作斗争的时候,一枚奖牌让她振作起来。受此启发,Stemple成立了自己的慈善组织We Finish Together。她收集奖牌,并让捐赠者在丝带上写上暖心话语,以便让受捐者从中感受到鼓舞和力量。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 解析：根据上文中的“Kim Stemple,a special-education teacher,faced terrible diseases”可知,Kim Stemple身患疾病,正在医院的病房里和消沉作斗争。wrestle with“全力解决,努力对付”;compete with“与……竞争”;quarrel with“与……争吵”;part with“放弃,交出(尤指不舍得的东西)”。 1．A.wrestling　　　　　 B．competing C．quarreling D．parting 答案：A 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 解析：根据下文中的“she had been a marathon runner...the strength and perseverance she once possessed”和空前的“sick”可知,她病得太重了,以至于无法锻炼(exercise)。heal“康复”;recover“痊愈,恢复健康”。 2．A.live B．heal C．exercise D．recover 答案：C 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：根据上文中的“the medal brought back her racing memories”可知,奖牌让她想起(reminding)她曾经拥有的力量和毅力。cheat“欺骗,作弊”;clear“清除,(使)变清醒”。 3．A.cheating B．clearing C．breaking D．reminding 答案：D 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：上文讲Kim Stemple正在医院的病房里和消沉作斗争。结合下文中的“it worked like a charm”可知,这块奖牌出乎意料地(surprisingly)非常有效。casually“漫不经心地”;desperately“绝望地,拼命地,不顾一切地”;temporarily“暂时地”。 4．A.Casually B．Desperately C．Temporarily D．Surprisingly 答案：D 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：根据上文中的“it worked like a charm”和空后的“renewing her determination”可知,这块奖牌让 Stemple精神振作。lift sb.’s spirits“振奋某人的情绪”为固定搭配。absorb“理解,掌握;承受,承担”。 5．A.explaining B．lifting C．discovering D．absorbing 答案：B 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 6．A.season B．plan C．experience D．solution 答案：C 解析：空处是对上文Stemple经历的总结。结合下文Stemple采取的行动可知,这是一次改变人生的经历(experience)。solution“解决办法”。 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：此处呼应上文中的“faced terrible diseases...depression”。Stemple从自己的经历中感悟到一个小小的举动可以给正在经历艰难时刻的人带去希望。tough“艰苦的,艰难的”;pointless“无意义的,无目标的”。 7．A.common B．tough C．pointless D．dangerous 答案：B 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 8．A.race B．game C．secret D．seed 答案：D 解析：根据上文中的“Inspired by this life-changing 6 , Stemple began to think about how...times.”,以及下文中的“her charity,We Finish Together,was born”可知,这颗灵感的种子(seed)促使她成立了自己的慈善组织We Finish Together。 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 9．A.collected B．assessed C．borrowed D．bought 答案：A 解析：上文讲到了Stemple在奖牌的激励下振作了起来。由此可以推断,她的慈善组织也在做类似的事情,即用奖牌让病人振作起来。结合下文中的“and donated them to individuals in need”和“the donor”可知,在赠送奖牌之前,Stemple 首先需要收集(collected)奖牌。assess“评估,评定”。 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 10．A.promoted B．insisted C．involved D．shaped 答案：C 解析：根据空前的“Part of the process”和空后的“the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon”可知,这是流程中包含的活动。promote“促进;晋升;促销”;insist“坚决要求,坚持”;shape“决定……的形成,影响……的发展”。 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 11．A.connection B．barrier C．division D．conflict 答案：A 解析：根据本文最后一句“there was always support available to them”可知,捐赠者和受捐赠者之间可以通过奖牌建立联系(connection)。barrier“障碍,壁垒,障碍物”;division“分歧”;conflict“争执,争论”。 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 12．A.trained B．stuck C．operated D．warned 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“battling health challenges”可知,此处表示被困(stuck)在医院和病魔作斗争的人们。 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 13．A.document B．message C．receipt D．gift 答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“writing a personalized note on the ribbon”可知,收到奖牌的病人可以读到暖心的信息(message)。document“文件,公文,文献”;receipt“发票,收据”。 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 显示原文 13 14 15 11 12 14．A.threw away B．put down C．acted as D．dropped out 答案：C 解析：此处呼应上文中的“It served as a much-needed pick-me-up”,表示奖牌充当(acted as)了一个提醒物。throw away“扔掉,浪费”;put down“写下,(用笔等)记下”;act as“充当,担任”;drop out“辍学”。 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 显示原文 11 12 14 15 13 15．A.shy B．weak C．tired D．alone 答案：D 解析：根据空后的并列同位语从句“that there was always support available to them”可知,奖牌可以提醒病人他们不是一个人(alone)在战斗。 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 显示原文 11 12 13 14 15 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1：disorder n．紊乱,失调;混乱,杂乱 Para.2：outdated adj.过时的,陈旧的 mindset n．思维模式 skip v．不做;跳过,略过 pursuit n．追求,追逐 派生词汇 Para.1：awareness n．认识,意识→aware adj.知道,意识到 Para.2：disastrous adj.极糟糕的,灾难性的→disaster n．灾难,灾害 Para.5：athletic adj.运动员的,体育运动的→athlete n．运动员 熟词生义 Para.4：spark 常用义：n.火花,火星　文章义：v.引发,触发 核心短语 Para.1：raise awareness of 提高对……的认识 contribute to导致 Para.2：cut down on削减,缩小(尺寸、数量或数目) Para.5：in an attempt to为了 长难句分析 In her message,Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)—a syndrome that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance,often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate for the energy they consume in training,racing and their daily life.(Para.5) 长难句分析 分析：句中a syndrome that occurs...performance作RED-S的同位语,其中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词a syndrome,when引导时间状语从句;they consume...life为省略that的定语从句,修饰先行词the energy。 译文：在她的信息中,Garnbret谈到了运动中相对能量缺乏症(RED-S),这是一种综合征,出现在任何性别的一些人为了提高他们的运动表现而长期过度训练和/或饮食不足时,他们往往不知道无法补偿他们在训练、比赛和日常生活中消耗的能量的危险。 B篇 核心单词 Para.1：decent adj.相当不错的 ingredient n．成分,原料 flavor n．调味香料 assume v．假定,认为 extract v．提取,提炼 n．提取物 Para.4：transparent adj.透明的,清澈的;显而易见的　第7题C选项：advocate v．拥护,支持,提倡 派生词汇 Para.1：artificial adj.人造的→artificially adv.人工地 Para.2：availability n．可用性,可得性→available adj.可用的,可获得的;有空的 派生词汇 sustainability n．持续性→sustain v．维持,保持,使持续→sustainable adj.可持续的 Para.3：nutritionally adv.在营养上→nutrition n．营养→nutritional adj.营养的 emission n．排放物→emit v．排放 核心短语 Para.1：in contrast to和……相比 Para.2：come down to可归结为,可归纳为 $$