选修1 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 主题语境　对社会有突出贡献的人物 单元主题· 创意背记 背诵默写本 板块一　词句背诵 ◆重难点词汇 五级词汇 infer vt.推断;推定 professor n.[C]教授(profession n.职业,行业　professional adj.职业的;专业的 n.专业人士) 四级词汇 academic adj.学术的;学业的(academy n.研究院;学会;专科院校) analyse vt.分析(analysis n.分析) device n.[C]方法,技巧;装置;仪器 flow n.[C]&[U]流,流动;流畅;供应 vi.流,流动 flow chart流程图 gradually adv.逐渐地,逐步地 insist vi.& vt.坚持,坚决要求;坚持说 　insist on (doing) sth.坚决要求(做)某事 institute n.[C](教育、专业等)机构/院/所;学院;机构建筑 　an institute of technology理工学院 mostly adv.主要地;一般地 novel n.[C](长篇)小说(novelist n.小说家) scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的(science n.科学　scientist n.科学家) theory n.[U]理论;[C]&[U]学说 (theoretical adj.理论上的　theoretically adv.理论地;理论上) 　in theory理论上 三级词汇 apparently adv.[句子副词]看来,显然;显而易见(apparent adj.明显的) committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的 commit vt.投入;承诺,保证(commitment n.) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等) 　commit oneself to (sth./do sth./doing sth.)承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) conclusion n.[C]结论,推论[conclude vt.断定,推断出;(使)结束] 　arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论 consequence n.[C]结果,后果(consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的　consequently adv.结果;因此;所以) 　as a consequence/in consequence (of sth.)[正式用语]作为……的结果,由于 defeat n.[C]&[U]失败,挫败 vt.击败,战胜 extraordinary adj.不一般的,非凡的;意想不到的 found vt.创建;建立;把……建立在 genius n.[C](某领域的)天才;[U]天才,天资,天赋 gentle adj.温柔的,文静的 (gently adv.温柔地,温和地) obtain vt.[正式用语](尤指经努力)获得,赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在,流行 passion n.[C]&[U]酷爱;激情 (passionate adj.有激情的) 　out of a strong passion for出于对……的强烈热爱 property n.[C][常用复数]性质,特性;[U]财产 sum vi.总结,概括 n.[C]金额,款项;[常用复数]总数,总和 　sum up总结,概括 二级词汇 acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢 boil vt.& vi.煮开,烧开,(使)沸腾 n.[sing.]沸腾;沸点 circumstance n.[C][常用复数]状况,环境,条件 　in/under no circumstances决不,无论如何都不 distinct adj.有区别的;清晰的,清楚的(distinction n.区别;差别) evaluate vt.评估,评价 (evaluation n.评价,评估) institution n.[C]社会公共机构;制度;习俗 liquid n.[U]液体 adj.液体的,液态的 numerous adj.许多的,众多的 objective n.[C]目标,目的 adj.客观的 　with the objective of以……为目的 patent n.[C]&[U]专利;专利证书;获得专利 adj.有专利的;受专利保护的 remarkable adj.非凡的,显著的 vital adj.必不可少的,极其重要的;充满生机的 一级词汇 botanical adj.植物学的(botany n.植物学) crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的 encounter vt.偶然碰到,遇到 n.[C]邂逅;遭遇 flee vi.& vt.(fled,fled)迅速离开;逃跑 politician n.[C]从政者,政治家,政客[politics n.政治(学)　political adj.政治的] substance n.[C]物质,物品;[U]事实根据 relativity n.[U]相对论;相对性 　the theory of relativity相对论 ◆短语与词块 1.wear and tear(正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗 2.come to power(开始)掌权;上台 3.take up a position担任;任职 4.sum up总结;概括 5.get stuck陷入困境 6.open up a new world打开一个新世界 7.continuous struggles不懈的斗争/努力 8.put forward advanced ideas提出先进的思想 9.make numerous contributions作出巨大贡献 10.out of a strong passion for knowledge出于对知识的强烈热情 ◆句式表达 1.句式:过去分词作定语 In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年,中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍,屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。 2.句式:“upon/on+名词/动词-ing形式”意为“一……就……” Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine...” 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……” 3.句式:it is an honour for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是一种荣幸 It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界,确实是一种荣誉。 4.句式:状语从句的省略 While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作期间,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。 5.句式:it is/was+过去分词+that从句 On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年4月18日,据报道,爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为失去这位杰出的科学家而哀悼。 Ⅰ.核心词块 1.a factor/issue/decision 一个关键性的因素/问题/决定 2.the vitamins that are for keeping fit 保持健康必不可少的维生素 3.to meet/achieve your 达到/实现你的目标 4.private 私有财产 5.drink some water after exercise 运动后喝些开水 6. the current position in the market 取得目前在市场上的地位 板块二　默写练习 crucial vital objectives property boiled obtain 7.suffer a serious in the baseball game 在棒球比赛中遭受惨败 8. individuals’ buying habits 分析个体的购买习惯 9. lost in thought 显然陷入了沉思 10.completely without 完全没有事实根据 11. in every direction 四散逃窜 12.under normal 一般情况下 13. to the east 向东流去 14.the college in 1895于1895年创办的学院 15.be from the context 从上下文中推断 defeat analyse apparently substance flee circumstances flow founded inferred 16.even have to work hard 即使天才也得努力学习 17.a quiet and man 一名温文尔雅的男士 18.to apply for/obtain a on an invention 申请/获得发明专利权 19.have a for music 酷爱音乐 20.an achievement 卓越的成就 21.the weather improves 天气逐渐好转 22. many difficulties 遇到许多困难 23.a achievement 了不起的成绩 geniuses gentle patent passion extraordinary gradually encounter remarkable 24.an advanced 一个先进的装置 25.make a rough of the letter 为这封信打草稿 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1. n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→__________ adj.学业的;学术的 2. vt.& vi.结束;推断出→ n.结论;结束;推论 3. adj.温柔的;文静的→ adv.温柔地;温和地 4. n.结果;后果;重要性→ adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→ adv.因此;所以 device draft academy academic conclude conclusion gentle gently consequence consequent consequently 5. n.酷爱;激情→ adj.有激情的 6. n.政治家;从政者;政客→ n.政治(学)→_________ adj.政治的 结合语境变形单词 7.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Program (evaluate) show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. 8.After two years, the second group saw (remark) improvements in heart health. 9.She spends a lot of time her patients’ dreams. This ________ is very helpful, explaining their daily behaviour very well.(analyze) passion passionate politician politics political evaluations remarkable analyzing analysis 10.The two flowers are quite from one another, so it is easy to make a between them.(distinct) 11.There is nothing we can do to help Linda whose ____________ (circumstance) are beyond our control. 12.As for my favourite (novel), it must be Mark Twain. Nearly all of his are popular around the world.(novel) Ⅲ.重点短语 1. the education in China 我致力于中国教育事业  2. the best player被普遍认为是最佳球员  distinct distinction circumstances novelist novels commit myself to be widely acknowledged as 3. (正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗  4. man’s activities由于人类的活动   根据语境完成句子 5. (总之),I believe that you can benefit a lot from the film.  6.Peter will (在那个旅行社中担任职务)at the end of next month.  7.Several years after they’d split up (他们又意外相遇) in Paris.  wear and tear as a consequence of To sum up take up a position in that travel agency they met again by chance 8.As a leader,he has been trying to bring in new technology to develop people’s living conditions since (他开始掌权).  9.I (坚持认为立即采取措施) to settle the problem in a peaceful way.  Ⅳ.句式仿写 1.这个为帮助那些因为贫困而辍学的孩子们而设计的项目没有按计划进行。(过去分词短语作定语) The project,__________________________ who dropped out of school because of poverty,didn’t work out as planned.  he came to power insist on taking immediate measures designed to help those children 2.一听到这个消息,男孩就兴奋地跳了起来,眼睛里涌出了喜悦的泪水。(upon/on+名词/动词-ing形式) , the boy jumped up excitedly and tears of joy welled up in his eyes.  3.我很荣幸能在这里与你们分享关于高中要学习什么的看法。(honour) to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.  Upon/On hearing the news It is my honour to be here 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的 be vital to/for...对……是至关重要的 It is vital to do...做……很重要 It is vital that...(should)...……是十分重要的 be of vital importance 至关重要 ①(译林选必四)It’s also vital (look) back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed.  ②如果我们想要在生活中有所作为,重要的是我们应该从小事做起。(主旨升华) If we are to make a difference in life,____________________________ ____________.  ③众所周知,充足的睡眠对学生的身心健康至关重要。(学校生活) As is known to us all,_________________________________________ _____________________________________.  to look it’s vital that we should begin with small things enough sleep is of vital importance for/to the students’ physical and mental health 2.commit vt.承诺;保证;花(钱或时间)vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→_______________ n.投入;奉献;承诺 committed commitment (1)commit an error/a crime/suicide 做错事/犯罪/自杀 (2)be committed to (doing) sth./commit oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事 (3)make a commitment 作出承诺 ①He was a good man who was _____________ (commit) to his family as well as to his work. committed ②A famous scientist well known for his (commit) to his country, Huang Danian, committed himself his research in geophysics.  ③我在同学们面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误。 我站在那里,羞愧地垂着头。(羞愧描写) I_____________________________________________.I stood there, hanging my head in shame.  commitment to committed a silly mistake in front of my classmates 分词短语作后置定语 3.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→__________________ n.承认;感谢;收件复函 acknowledgement acknowledge sb./sth. as/to be...认为某人/某物是……;承认某人/某物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做了某事 acknowledge that...承认…… It is universally/widely acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。 ①English is acknowledged the language of business, science, IT and the Internet around the world. ②To my disappointment, I haven’t received an ________________ (acknowledge) of my application. ③The country has acknowledged (take) every means to fight against any possible attack.  as acknowledgement taking/having taken ④(2023·全国甲卷)袁隆平被公认为中国最伟大的科学家之一。 →Yuan Longping one of the greatest scientists in China.  → Yuan Longping is one of the greatest scientists in China.  is universally/widely acknowledged as/to be It is universally/widely acknowledged that 4.insist vt.& vi.坚持;坚决要求 (1)insist on/upon (doing) sth. 坚决要求/坚持(做)某事 (2)insist作“坚决要求”讲时,后接宾语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,形式为“should+动词原形”,should可省略;作“坚持认为”讲时,从句用陈述语气,根据需要选择相应的时态。 ①The suspect insisted that he (be) innocent and that he ____________ (set) free.  ②只有当我们坚持经常锻炼身体时,我们才能保持身心健康。(健康生活) Only when we______________________________________________ ______________________.  ③老师坚决要求我们的作业要按时上交,并且我们要充分利用每一分钟去学习。(学校生活) The teacher insists that our homework _________________________ _________and that we _________________________________to study.  was (should) be set insist on/upon working out regularly can we keep healthy physically and mentally (should) be handed in on time/ schedule (should) make full use of every minute 5.conclusion n.结论;推论→ vt.断定;推断出 conclude (1)in conclusion最后;总之 come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion得出结论 (2)conclude...with sth./by doing sth. 以……结束 to conclude 总之 conclude from...从……中得出结论 ①He concluded his speech a famous saying “Where there is a will, there is a way.” ②(2023·全国甲卷)总之,孔子是一位杰出的历史人物,他的学说对中国文化和社会产生了深远的影响。 , Confucius was a remarkable historical figure whose teachings have had a profound impact on Chinese culture and society.  with In conclusion/To conclude ③我根据自己的经历得出的结论:不劳则无获。 I ____________________________________________________ _________________________________ ____________________ that no pain, no gain.  concluded/drew the conclusion/came to the conclusion/reached the conclusion/arrived at the conclusion from my own experience 6.circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件;环境;状况 under/in no circumstances无论如何都不,决不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装) under/in the circumstances在这种情况下;既然如此 ①Under/In the (circumstance), we could rely on nobody but ourselves. ②无论在什么情况下,我们都不要中途放弃。(主旨升华) ____________________________________________________ circumstances Under/In no circumstances should we give up halfway.  7.upon doing... “一……就……” (1)upon/on doing (that)...“一……就……”,表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。 (2)“一……就……”的其他表达方式:as soon as、the moment/minute/instant、immediately/directly/instantly、 no sooner...than...、hardly...when...等。 [教材原句]　Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,“The honour is not just mine...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……” ①我们那只可爱的狗一看见我,就向我跑来。我心中涌起一股暖流。(人与动物) , our lovely dog raced towards me. I felt a wave of warmth surging through me.  ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)我一看到自己的名字在一等奖名单的顶端,惊讶和喜悦占据了我的脑海。 _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________, surprise and joy occupied my mind.  Upon/On seeing me Directly/Instantly I saw my name on the top of the first prize list As soon as/The instant/The moment/The minute/Immediately/ ③Hardly had he heard the news that his son failed to pass the exam ________ he boiled with anger. →____________________________________________________________ than he boiled with anger.(no sooner...than...)  when No sooner had he heard the news that his son failed to pass the exam 8.it作形式主语 本句中it 作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式短语“to be spread around the world”。it作形式主语的常用句式: (1)It be+过去分词(said/thought/believed/supposed/reported/...)+that从句 (2)It be+形容词(strange/important/vital/obvious/possible...)+that从句 (3)It be+名词短语(a pity/a shame/a fact/a good idea/no wonder/...)+that从句 (4)It+不及物动词(occur/happen/seem/...)+that从句 [教材原句]　It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。 ①我很荣幸受邀在此演讲,与大家分享我对积极的学习态度的重要性的看法。 (演讲稿) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to share with you my opinions on the importance of having a positive attitude to study.  ②我们都知道良好的开端是成功的一半。欢迎你尽快加入我们。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Welcome your joining us as soon as possible.  It is an honour for me to be invited to make a speech here It is known to all that well begun is half done ③据报道,本周日在美术馆将有一个中国剪纸展。(活动介绍) 　　　　　　　　there will be a Chinese paper-cutting show this Sunday in the art gallery.  ④Obviously, the boy told lies to him by design, which annoyed him a lot. → 　　　　　　　　　the boy told lies to him by design, which annoyed him a lot.(it作形式主语)  It is reported that It was obvious that Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.I firmly believe that this precious opportunity is vital 　　　　my future development. 2.As a genius, not only does he perform well 　　　　　　(academic) but also he is remarkable in other fields. 3.Plenty of rubbish is being poured into the rivers; as 　consequence, water sources have become badly polluted. 4.Einstein is generally 　　　　　　　(acknowledge) as one of the greatest scientists around the whole world in modern physics. for/to academically a acknowledged 5.Local volunteers together with environmental organizations are 　　　___________(commit) to the preservation of Beijing’s natural environment. 6.It is reported that the police will look into the case further before they can come to a 　　　　　(conclude). 7.There is no doubt that it is our responsibility 　　　　　(protect) the oceans which are the lungs of our planet.  8.Feeling ashamed, I reminded myself that 　　　　no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again. committed conclusion to protect under/in 9.My friend insisted on 　　　　(find) a taxi for me even though I lived nearby, which nearly moved me to tears. 10.I’m firmly convinced that I am equal to taking 　　the position as a volunteer of our School English Association. Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.很荣幸能站在这里就如何学好汉语发表演讲。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to deliver a speech on how to learn Chinese well.  finding up It is a great honour to stand here 2.大家普遍认为汉语对于一个外国学生来说是一门很难的语言。所以我强烈建议你全身心投入汉语学习中。 ___________________________________________________________________for a foreign student. So I strongly suggest you should be committed to learning it.  3.此外,请记住,耐心和毅力对成功是至关重要的。 Besides, keep in mind that patience and perseverance___________ ___________________.   It is universally/widely acknowledged that Chinese is a very difficult language are of vital importance to success 4.因此,无论什么情况你都不能向困难屈服或者中途放弃。 So, under no circumstances___________________________________ _________.  5.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。 He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that they were not in favour of the plan.  should you give in to difficulties or give up halfway concluded from their remarks Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. 生义:_______ 熟义:adj.客观的 2.Learning to acknowledge someone who helps us is a traditional Chinese outstanding virtue. 生义:____________ 熟义:v.承认 n.目标 v.(公开)感谢 3.flow A.n.流动(量) B.n.流畅　 C.n.供应　 D.vi.(液体)流动　 E.vi.(大量人或物)流动　 F.vi.飘拂 (1)Nowadays, the government encourages the flow of goods and services to remote areas. __ (2)This is a time when a large number of people from countryside flow into big cities to search for jobs. __ (3)We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers.__ C E A 3.flow A.n.流动(量) B.n.流畅　 C.n.供应　 D.vi.(液体)流动　 E.vi.(大量人或物)流动　 F.vi.飘拂 (4)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. __ (5)Seconds later, my lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. __ (6)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. __ B F D 培优2　单元话题写作——人物介绍 　　根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　Born in a medical family, when young, he ①___________ ___________________(对……有强烈的热情) medicine and later he ② _____________________________(担任医生一职).He is acknowledged ③ ___one of the most outstanding experts in the medical field now. had a strong passion for took up a position as a doctor as He is devoted to (用本单元词汇替换黑体词:④________________) researching and treating respiratory diseases, whose work ⑤ ______ _______(对……是至关重要的) the health of people.In a word (用本单元词汇替换黑体词:⑥______________________), he has made ⑦ ____________(remark) contributions to the Chinese people and even the world.  is committed to is vital to/for In conclusion/To conclude remarkable 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [动作描写]　commit;boil;acknowledge;defeat;insist;flow;encounter;mourn [情感描写]　gentle;passion;extraordinary;remarkable 美句 1.Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.(人物描写) 2.It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.(主旨升华) 美句 3.Einstein was not only a genius;he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.(人物描写) 4.To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man.(人物描写) 5.He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.(比喻) Step 2　语料运用　【人物描写】 　袁隆平被认为是最伟大的农业科学家之一,他于2021年5月22日在长沙与世长辞。天下着毛毛细雨,好像在哀悼痛失这位温和而非凡的科学家。许多中国人悲痛欲绝,为之痛哭,泪水不受控制地顺着脸颊流淌。 ① _________________________ ___________________________(分词短语作状语),Yuan Longping passed away in Changsha on May 22,2021.It was drizzling ② _____ ______________________________ ___________________________(虚拟语气;拟人).Overcome with sorrow, many Chinese people cried their hearts out,③ _______________ _______________________(with复合结构). Acknowledged as one of the greatest scientists in agriculture it were mourning the great loss of the gentle and extraordinary scientist as if with tears flowing down cheeks uncontrollably 他终生满怀热情地致力于研究水稻。他始终坚持自己的梦想,无论遇到什么样的困难,他都不认输。他对工作的奉献精神和对改善他人生活的承诺激励着我们所有人。我们都应该像袁隆平那样,努力为世界带来积极的影响。 He committed all his life to studying rice with passion.He always insisted on his dream and he wouldn’t acknowledge defeat ④ _______________________ ___________(状语从句).His dedication to his work and ⑤ ________________ ___________________________are an inspiration to us all. We should all strive to make a positive impact on the world, just as Yuan Longping did.  whatever difficulties he encountered his commitment to improving the lives of others 语料积累 【情感细节描写:愤怒(二)】 单词 annoyed;cross;rage;complain;irritated 词块 tremble with anger 气得发抖;a burst of anger 勃然大怒;be annoyed at 对……恼怒;stamp one’s feet in anger 气得跺脚;resist/contain one’s anger 抑制愤怒;get mad at sb. 对某人感到气愤; express/voice a complaint 表示不满 句型 Unable to contain his anger, he stormed out of the room.(形容词短语作状语) 他无法抑制自己的愤怒,气得冲出了房间。 Tom hung his head and said nothing, which made him pull a long face in anger.(非限制性定语从句) 汤姆垂头不语,这使他气得拉长了脸。 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A 　　I.M.Pei, who died at 102, was a dominant figure in architecture for over half a century. He designed some of the finest buildings around the world. No one was surprised when he became one of the first winners of the Pritzker Prize. Born in Guangzhou in 1917 to a wealthy banking family, I.M. Pei knew from an early age that he wanted to create buildings.To that end he came as a teenager to the United States and trained in modernism at MIT and Harvard, where he was mentored by Walter Gropius, one of the masters of the International Style. But the style that most defined I.M.Pei’s practice was not so much the International Style as Brutalism (粗野主义). So-called because its ①favored material was raw, unfaced concrete and also because it favored simple, aggressive volumes.Disruption (颠覆) was the entire point.I.M. Pei, however, altered it into a medium of elegance, and it is difficult not to feel that there must be some connection between that mood and the friendly elegance of his own manners. Perhaps his most remarkable achievement in the United States was the East Wing of the National Gallery of Art on the Washington Mall.④It was this wing that brought him to the attention of Francois Mitterand, the president of France then, who had just decided to expand and fundamentally transform the Louvre. I.M. Pei’s most visible intervention in that great institution was the Pyramid, which, in its perfect combination of formal beauty, functionality and ②symbolic significance, may well represent the single most impressive stroke of genius in the architecture of the past half century. But an even greater achievement was the less obvious transformation of how the world’s largest and most famous museum functioned:what had seemed for generations to be a dangerous labyrinth (迷宫) was suddenly reborn as an open, ③spacious place of high culture that now lifted the spirits of all who entered. That achievement by itself will surely be enough to secure I.M. Pei’s place as one of the most outstanding architects of the 20th century. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了建筑大师贝聿铭的生平,及其在世界建筑领域的重要影响和杰出成就。 1 2 3 4 1.What can be learned about I.M.Pei from paragraph 2?(　　) A.He was a born architect. B.He was popular at MIT. C.He was famous before graduation. D.He was ambitious from childhood. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段首句“...I.M. Pei knew from an early age that he wanted to create buildings.”可知,贝聿铭从小就有着明确的目标和抱负。 1 2 3 4 2.What characterizes I.M.Pei’s approach to Brutalism?(　　) A.The display of destructive elements. B.The addition of an elegant feel. C.The adoption of new materials. D.The inclusion of the International Style. B 解析:细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Brutalism定位到第三段,再根据第三段最后一句“I.M. Pei,however,altered it into a medium of elegance...”可知,贝聿铭将粗野主义改造成了一种优雅的表现形式。 1 2 3 4 3.What major transformation did I.M.Pei bring to the Louvre?(　　) A.The combination of traditional and modern styles. B.The upgrade of its accessibility and atmosphere. C.The redesign of its overall appearance. D.The expansion of its space and collection. B 1 2 3 4 解析:推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词transformation和the Louvre定位到最后一段第二句,作者认为贝聿铭对卢浮宫作出的更大贡献是看起来不明显的转变,即让卢浮宫重生,从一个几代人看来如迷宫一样危险的地方转变成一个开放而宽敞的高雅文化场所,让所有进入其中的人精神振奋。由此推断,这种转变不仅仅是在建筑的外观上,更重要的是在于改善了参观者的体验,使得如迷宫一样危险的卢浮宫成了一个更加开放和友好的文化场所,即改善了它的可访问性和氛围。 1 2 3 4 4.What is the text mainly about?(　　) A.The architectural practice of I.M.Pei. B.The impact of I.M. Pei on modern architecture. C.The life and achievements of I.M. Pei. D.The cultural significance of I.M.Pei’s designs. C 1 2 3 4 解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,贝聿铭自幼对建筑感兴趣,后赴美接受现代主义建筑教育。他在美国设计了华盛顿国家美术馆东馆,赢得了声誉。在法国,他设计了著名的卢浮宫金字塔,并成功转变了博物馆的运作方式。贝聿铭以其卓越的才华和贡献成为20世纪最杰出的建筑师之一。因此 ,文章主要介绍了著名建筑师贝聿铭的生平及成就。 [语境猜词] ①favored (派) ______________________[favour v.较喜欢 n.帮助,偏袒+-ed] ②symbolic (派) ____[symbol n.象征+-ic] ③spacious (派) _________________[space n.空间;开阔+-ious] ④本句主干为强调句结构, who引导 从句,修饰__________ ________ 。  译文:____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ adj.称心如意的,被看好的 adj.有象征意义的,象征性的 adj.宽敞的;广阔的 定语 Francois Mitterand 正是这个展馆引起了当时的法国总统Francois Mitterand对 他的注意,Francois Mitterand刚刚决定扩建并彻底改造卢浮宫。  B 　　 (2024·河南济洛平许四市三模)For most people, a minor wound will be relatively harmless. After some time the wound will heal (治愈) and disappear without leaving any visible evidence on the skin. But it is not so simple for everybody. Diabetics (糖尿病患者) and elderly people with reduced blood circulation may have far greater issues when it comes to wound healing. However, scientists have introduced a new weapon against such extreme wound reactions. Swedish scientists from Chalmers University of Technology have developed a technology which can stimulate wound healing so that it can happen more rapidly. The technique involves electrifying the skin. “Long-standing wounds make up a severe problem that we do not hear very much about,” says Associate Professor Maria Asplund from Chalmers University of Technology, who ①headed the project. “We have now found a method that can make wounds heal up to three times faster, which could be a game ②changer for elderly people and diabetics, who often have wounds that cannot heal.” To test this, the Chalmers researchers made a kind of biochip (生物芯片) on which they grew skin cells. They then made small wounds in the artificial skin and tested how fast the wound healing happened when they either passed electricity through the chip or did not. The results showed the healing process happened three times faster in the presence of electricity. The scientists will now receive funds to continue their research beyond the lab. “At the moment we are investigating how different skin cells react to electrical stimulation to find out what would correspond to realistic wounds,” says Asplund. “We aim to develop a concept that allows us to examine wounds and ③personalize the electrical stimulation to individual wound types. We are convinced that this is the way to help people with slow-healing wounds.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的生物芯片技术,详细阐述了瑞典科学家如何利用生物芯片技术促进伤口愈合的研究和实验结果。 5 6 7 8 5.Who will most benefit from the new technology?(　　) A.People who get wounded easily. B.People who have a heart attack. C.People with high blood sugar. D.People with high blood pressure. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Diabetics and elderly people with reduced blood circulation may have far greater issues when it comes to wound healing. However, scientists have introduced a new weapon against such extreme wound reactions.”可知,糖尿病患者和血液循环减少的老年人在伤口愈合方面可能会遇到更大的问题,由此可知,这两类人将从这项新技术中获益最多。故选C。 5 6 7 8 6.Which aspect of the test does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?(　　) A.Its purpose.　　　　　 B.Its benefits. C.Its conditions. D.Its method. A 解析:段落大意题。根据第三段可知,本段主要讲述了这次测试的目的是测试这种生物芯片是否能够提高伤口愈合的速度。故选A。 5 6 7 8 7.What does Asplund think of wound healing with electricity?(　　) A.Doubtful. B.Limited. C.Representative. D.Hopeful. D 解析:观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知,Asplund说他们研究的目标是开发一种概念,从而能够让他们检查伤口,并根据不同的伤口类型个性化电刺激,Asplund相信这是帮助伤口愈合缓慢的人们的方法。由此推知,Asplund对用电愈合伤口抱有极大的希望。故选D。 5 6 7 8 8.Which can be a suitable title for the text?(　　) A.A New Technology Helps Wounded People B.A New Weapon Cures Slow-Healing Wounds C.Electricity Heals Wounds Three Times Faster D.Diabetics and the Elderly Suffer Wound Healing C 5 6 7 8 解析:标题归纳题。根据第二段中“Swedish scientists... have developed a technology which can stimulate wound healing so that it can happen more rapidly. The technique involves electrifying the skin.”以及“We have now found a method that can make wounds heal up to three times faster”再结合全文内容可知,文章主要讲述了瑞典科学家开发的一种新技术,通过生物芯片和电刺激的方式,以使伤口愈合速度提高三倍,特别是对于愈合缓慢的伤口有显著的改善效果。由此可知,C项适合作为本文最佳标题。故选C。 5 6 7 8 [语境猜词] ①head (转)文章义:____________ [熟义:n.头,头部] ②changer (派) [change v.改变+-r] ③personalize (派) ___________[personal adj.个人的;个性的+-ize] v.领导,主管 n.改变者 v.使个性化 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2024·山东济南一模)The 13-year-old girl Anna Grace is a volleyball manager, a basketball manager, and a theater volunteer, but perhaps her greatest 　1　 is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.   Anna was first diagnosed (诊断) with a rare type of 　2　 in December of 2019. A softball player at the time, she told her parents she was experiencing muscle 　3　 in her left arm, only lifting it about eye-level. She had to 　4　 surgery on her left arm.   1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 For the following weekends after the surgery, doctors scanned her 　5　 to make sure she was cancer-free and then in August of 2023, doctors 　6　 a spot on her lungs. She had another 　7　 in September to remove it. Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The second time around, it was a little 　8__　 to accept the news.   And throughout all of this, Anna has had to 　9　 schoolwork and hospital life. Her sufferings with cancer forced her to really 　10_　 herself because she was out of school for quite a while. Now she has 　11　 and has straight As. Anna’s father, Eric Bartel, said her journey had inspired him to 　12　 every moment, enjoying time with his loving daughter.   1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Anna is doing well these days though. She’s 　13　 in theater and is a coach’s assistant. “ When you’re on 　14　, you have to keep fighting,” Anna said. “Always live life to the fullest each day. You’re loved. Your life 　15　.”   1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁女孩Anna Grace两次战胜癌症的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 1.A.excitement B.achievement C.devotion D.ambition 答案:B 解析:根据下文中的“she has beaten cancer twice”可知,13岁的Anna Grace是排球队经理、篮球队经理和剧院的志愿者,说明她很有成就,但她最大的成就也许是她两次战胜癌症。故选achievement“成就”。excitement“兴奋,激动”;devotion“忠诚,奉献”;ambition“抱负,雄心”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 2.A.pain B.cold C.cancer D.fever 答案:C 解析:根据上文中的“she has beaten cancer twice”可知,Anna Grace于2019年12月首次被诊断出患有一种罕见的癌症(cancer)。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3.A.weakness B.growth C.recovery D.relief 答案:A 解析:根据空后的“in her left arm, only lifting it about eye-level. She had to 　4　 surgery on her left arm”可知,Anna的左臂只能抬到大约与眼睛齐平的位置,所以可以推断是虚弱无力的。故A项weakness“虚弱”符合题意。growth“成长”;recovery“恢复”;relief“(不快过后的)宽慰”。  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4.A.perform B.have C.attend D.refuse 答案:B 解析:上文谈到Anna的左臂虚弱无力只能抬到大约与眼睛齐平的位置,所以可推断出,她必须做手术。故选B项,have surgery“接受手术”。perform“执行,表演”;attend“参加,出席”;refuse“拒绝”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5.A.briefly B.occasionally C.partly D.regularly 答案:D 解析:根据空前“doctors scanned her”可知,此处指的是手术后的定期扫描检查以确保她没有癌症。故D项regularly“有规律地,定期地”符合题意。briefly“简短地”;occasionally“偶尔”;partly“一定程度上,部分地”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6.A.noticed B.erased C.ignored D.marked 答案:A 解析:上文谈到在手术后的几个周末,医生定期对她进行扫描,以确保她没有癌症。根据语境可知,在2023年8月,医生注意到(noticed)她的肺部有一个斑点。故选A项。erase“清除,消除,消灭”;ignore“忽视”;mark“做记号”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7.A.assessment B.appointment C.examination D.operation 答案:D 解析:结合上文中的surgery和本句中的another可推知,本空选D项operation“手术”。句意:2023年9月,Anna进行了另一场切除肺部斑点的手术。assessment“评估”;appointment“约定,任命”;examination“考试”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8.A.harder B.easier C.stranger D.better 答案:B 解析:根据上文中的“Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The second time around, it was a little...”可知,在Anna看来第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样,接受起来要比第一次更容易(easier)。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9.A.solve B.connect C.abandon D.balance 答案:D 解析:根据空后的“schoolwork and hospital life”可知,此处指的是治疗癌症期间,Anna不得不平衡学习和医院生活之间的关系。故选D项。solve“解决,处理”;connect“联系,连接”;abandon“抛弃,遗弃”;balance“平衡”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10.A.apply B.control C.convince D.forgive 答案:A 解析:根据空后的原因状语从句可知,因为她已经有一段时间没有上学了,所以她必须努力学习。故选A项,apply oneself“勤奋工作,努力学习”。control“控制”;convince“使相信,说服”;forgive“原谅”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11.A.caught up B.held back C.dropped out D.blown up 答案:A 解析:根据空后的“and has straight As”可知,此处指的是Anna的成绩都是A,所以可以推断,经过一番努力Anna终于赶上来了。故选A项。catch up“赶上”;hold back“(使)犹豫,踌躇”;drop out“辍学”;blow up“爆炸”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12.A.spare B.appreciate C.imagine D.create 答案:B 解析:本句指的是Anna与癌症作斗争的经历让父亲深受感动,所以父亲非常重视与女儿在一起的时光。故选B项。spare“抽出,留出”;appreciate“重视”;imagine“想象”;create“创造”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13.A.active B.graceful C.dominant D.cautious 答案:A 解析:根据空前的“Anna is doing well these days though.”以及下文中的“Always live life to the fullest each day.”可知,战胜癌症后的Anna在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A项。active“积极的”;graceful“优雅的”;dominant“占优势的,首要的”;cautious“谨慎的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14.A.vacation B.trust C.treatment D.duty 答案:C 解析:根据上文及空后的“you have to keep fighting”可知,Anna说的是“当你在接受治疗时,你必须继续战斗”。故选C项。vacation“假期”;trust“信任”;treatment“治疗”;duty“责任,义务”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15.A.declines B.suffers C.matters D.waits 答案:C 解析:根据上文中的“Always live life to the fullest each day.”可知,在Anna看来我们应该每天都活到极致,结合句子的主语your life可知,这里是说“生命非常重要”。故选C项。decline“下降,减少”;suffer“受折磨”;matter“重要,有关系”;wait“等待”。 $$