话题14 绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习话题课件

主题语境二　人与社会 主题(二)　文学、艺术与体育 话题14　绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物 1 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 高考真题精研 基础知识达标 写作能力提升 课时作业 巩固提升 2 高考真题精研 Passage 1　语法填空(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)   　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国“丝绸之路花园”的整体设计以及在其里面建成的玻璃温室。 　　Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure，named Glasshouse，is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 56.____________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57.____________ (function) structure that is also beautiful.The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).These sepals open on warm days 58.____________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather，the structure stays 59.____________ (close) to protect the plants.  56.答案：engineering 解析：考查词性转换。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创建这种既具有保护功能又美观的建筑。分析句子结构可知，空白处作定语修饰后面的名词，engineering在此处是名词作定语，engineering techniques意为“工程技术”。 57.答案：functional 解析：考查词性转换。空白处应用形容词作定语修饰structure，故填functional，意为“功能(性)的”。 58.答案：to give 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了给……提供……”。 59.答案：closed 解析：考查词性转换。stays“保持”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，表示被动，故填closed，意为“关闭的”。 Further，the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60.____________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road，by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61.____________ first time.These plants included modern Western 62.____________ (favourite) such as rosemary，lavender and fennel.The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see，too.  60.答案：walks 解析：考查动词的时态。纵观全句，没有谓语动词，故此处应填谓语动词。句子的主语是the Silk Route Garden，与 walk是主动关系，指的是花园通过其设计和布局，使游客能够体验或“走过”一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，walk在此为及物动词。整个段落用的是一般现在时来描述the Glasshouse和the Silk Route Garden的特点和功能，因此，此处也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填walks。 61.答案：the 解析：考查定冠词。序数词表示“第几”时，其前常加定冠词。for the first time是固定搭配，意为“第一次”。 62.答案：favourites 解析：考查名词单复数。本句中included后接名词作宾语，空白处前面又有形容词Western修饰，favourite在此处为名词，表示“特别喜爱的事物”。再根据空白处后面的such as rosemary，lavender and fennel可知，特别喜爱的事物不止一种，故填favourite的复数形式。 The Glasshouse stands 63.____________ a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64.____________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65.____________ (rich) of gardening in England.  63.答案：as 解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，玻璃温室是当代设计的一项伟大成就，the Glasshouse是“作为”一项成就而存在的，故填介词as。 64.答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句并在从句中作主语的关系代词。先行词为the Silk Route，故填that或which。 65.答案：richness 解析：考查词性转换。根据空白处前面的定冠词the可知，此处应填rich的名词形式，表示丰富性。 词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ adj.防护的，保护的；(对人)关切保护的 2. __________ adj.古代的；古老的 3. __________ adj.蜿蜒的；弯曲的；曲折的 4. __________ v.安置，容纳 5. __________ vt.定义；界定 protective ancient winding house define (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 1.This beautiful structure，named Glasshouse，is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.(structure 基本义：n.结构；构造；体系) ___________ 2.The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).(feature 基本义：v.以……为特色；由……主演) ________________________ n.建筑物 v.以……为主要组成 (三)词块积累 1.at the edge of _________________ 2.at the centre of a new garden ______________________ 3.be applied to create this protective functional structure ________________________________ 4.silk as well as many plant species ________________________ 5.native habitat __________ 在……的边缘 在一座新花园的中心 被用来创建这种保护性功能结构 丝绸以及许多植物物种 原产地 16 ①I’d like to wind ________ our interview by wishing you good luck. ②The newcomers to the village were attracted by its _________ (wind) streets and old world charm. ③长城像一条巨龙，蜿蜒在中国北方。 The Great Wall _________________________________ like a huge dragon.  wind v.缠绕；蜿蜒前行；使弯曲n.风；气流 (四)词汇精研 up winding winds its way across north China 17 •wind one’s way蜿蜒前行 wind up结束；使紧张；卷起 •winding adj.蜿蜒的；缠绕的 wound(wind的过去式和过去分词形式) 18 ◎写作素材 a winding path way一条蜿蜒的小路 start winding the window up开始把窗户摇起来 19 Passage 2　阅读七选五(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。作者是一个艺术家，作者以第一人称的口吻向自己的粉丝传授初学者开启艺术之旅的一些技巧和建议。 20 　　As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.Unfortunately，there is no magic list I can offer.I do remember，though，what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small.I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies.These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.　36　 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.  21 A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don’t throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and，if needed，redefine your role. G.You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 22 36.答案：C 解析：空后一句讲到了“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.”(你会想要回顾自己的旅程，看看自己已经走了多远)，因此，空处应该会作一个关于“看什么来回顾”的铺垫，C项中的“your beginner art”可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远，故C项符合语境。 23 ·Paint often and paint from life.There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible.　37　_ 24 A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don’t throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and，if needed，redefine your role. G.You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 25 37.答案：G 解析：空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到了“Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible.(无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生)”，G项“你将培养出只有反复练习才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆”讲到这样做的目的和好处，承接上文，符合语境。 26 ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new.　38　 Artistic growth can be a bit painful.Welcome to the club； we’ve all been there.I love taking on challenges.I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.  27 A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don’t throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and，if needed，redefine your role. G.You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 28 38.答案：A 解析：根据本段的主旨句“Continually challenge yourself to try something new.”可知，本段主要围绕“不断挑战自我去尝试新事物”展开，且空后讲到了“Artistic growth can be a bit painful.(艺术之旅的成长有时会令人有些痛苦)”，A项“走出你的舒适区”符合语境，且能引出下文，故选A项。 29 ·　39　 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and，in turn，have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected，no matter my level of artistic ability.  30 A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don’t throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and，if needed，redefine your role. G.You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 31 39.答案：D 解析：结合本空的位置可知，空处考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback is crucial...They make me feel valued and respected”可知，本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项“分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒服”适合作本段的主旨句。 32 The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.　40　 Push through，give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.  33 A.Get out of your comfort zone. B.Make career plans and set goals. C.Don’t throw away your beginner art. D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E.You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F.Evaluate your performance and，if needed，redefine your role. G.You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 34 40.答案：E 解析：空前一句讲到了“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.(你的旅途不会一路平坦)”，而空后讲到了“Push through，give it time and put in the effort.(坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力)”，这是面对困境时的做法，因此，空处应承接上一句，讲到旅途中的困难，故E项“你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到沮丧”符合语境。 35 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ n.魔法；神奇 adj.神奇的；有魔力的 2. __________ adj.复杂的；复合的 3. _____________ adj.建设性的 4. __________ adj.被重视的 5. __________ vt.重新定义；使重新考虑 magic complex constructive valued redefine 6.curious adj.好奇的→__________ adv.好奇地→__________ n.好奇心 7.discourage vt.阻止；劝阻；使泄气；使灰心→____________ adj.气馁的；泄气的 8.repeat v.重复→__________ n.重复；重做；重说的话，重做的事；重说 curiously curiosity discouraged repetition (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) 1.There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.(brush基本义：n.刷子； mile基本义：n.英里) __________ 2.Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible.(still基本义：adj.静止的；lifes基本义：n.活 体模型) __________ 绘画时长 静物画 38 (三)词块积累 1.look back on your journey _________________ 2.take up a challenge __________ 3.be crucial to growth ________________ 4.in turn _________________________________________ 回顾你的旅途 接受挑战 对成长至关重要 依次，轮流，逐个；转而，反之，反过来 39 ①Filled with _________ (curious)，the artist packed his bags and left. ②In high school，I became curious __________ the computer，and built my first website. ③I am really curious __________ (know) what comments others have made on my poetry.  ④我哥哥总是喜欢问为什么，似乎没有人能满足他的好奇心。 My brother always loves to ask why，and________________________ ___________________.  curious adj.好奇的 (四)词汇精研 curiosity about to know no one seems to be able to satisfy his curiosity 40 •be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth.极想做某事 •curiosity n.好奇；好奇心 curiously adv.好奇地 41 ◎写作素材 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心 out of curiosity出于好奇 arouse my curiosity引起我的好奇心 be curious about the flying machine对飞行器感到好奇 42 Part 2　句型 长难句分析 1.There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. [结构分析]　本句是否定词加比较级表示最高级的结构。put in是“投入……”的意思。 brush miles是英语中的“借喻”手法，指“绘画时长”。 [尝试翻译]　_____________________________________ 没有比增加绘画时间更好的改进方法了。 43 2.They make me feel valued and respected，no matter my level of artistic ability. [结构分析]　no matter my level of artistic ability是让步状语从句，省略了一些成分，全句应该是“no matter what my level of artistic ability is”。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ _______ 无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到被重视和尊重。 44 Passage 3　阅读理解(2018·全国Ⅲ卷·C) 　　While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts，many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu，a 49-year-old Chinese architect，won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture—on February 28.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award. 45 Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA).His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations. The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills，forming a unique view.  Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls，roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素). Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture，said Tadao Ando，the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize. Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed，” he said. “Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past.In fact，tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said. “Today，many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.  The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise，the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty，he said. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章报道了2012年度建筑界的最高奖项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。 28.Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ________.  A.following the latest world trend B.getting international recognition C.working harder than ever before D.relying on foreign architects 答案：B 28 29 30 31 解析：推理判断题。第一段是文章的中心段，第二段讲述了中国建筑设计师获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，这个例子是用来说明第一段后半句的：许多优秀的中国建筑设计师正进入世界建筑设计舞台的中心，故选B。A项意为“跟随世界最新潮流”，文章没有提到；C项意为“比任何时候更努力工作”，文章没有提到；D项意为“依靠国外设计师”，和文章内容不符，因为根据第六段的内容可知，中国建筑设计师的成功在于把中国传统文化和创新结合起来。 28 29 30 31 29.What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most? A.Its hilly environment. B.Its large size. C.Its unique style. D.Its diverse functions. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词CAA Xiangshan campus可迅速定位到第三段，顺着往下找，根据第四段第一句中的quite different，第二句中的were amazed和第三句中的unique view可知，它独一无二的风格给人留下了深刻的印象，故选C。A项意为“多山的环境”，在文章第四段提到了，但不是最能给人留下印象的事情；B项和D项文章没有提到。 28 29 30 31 30.What made Wang’s architectural design a success? A.The mixture of different shapes. B.The balance of East and West. C.The use of popular techniques. D.The harmony of old and new. 答案：D 28 29 30 31 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.”和第六段中的“Through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘密，故选D。A项错在shapes，不是形状的混合，是现代和传统中国元素的混合；B项错在East and West，是modern architecture和a good knowledge of traditions的平衡；C项错在popular，根据文章第五段第二句可知，应是traditional。 28 29 30 31 31.What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang? A.Spread them to the world. B.Preserve them at museums. C.Teach them in universities. D.Recreate them in practice. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“be combined with practice”和“the recreation of traditions”可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。A、C两项文章没有提到；根据第七段中的“Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.”可知，王澍认为传统不应该被封在博物馆里，故B项错误。 28 29 30 31 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ adj.富有成效的 2. ___________ n.建筑学 3. __________ adj.丰富的；充裕的 4. __________ n.风格 5. __________ v.匹配 6. __________ adj.独特的 fruitful architecture abundant style match unique 7. __________ n.技术；技艺 8. __________ adj.现代的 9. __________ adj.被抛弃的；被遗弃的 10.impress v.给人留下深刻的印象→__________ adj.给人印象深刻的→__________ n.印象 11.perfect adj.完美的→__________ adv.完美地 12.mix v.(使)混合；融合→__________ adj.混合的；混杂的 →__________ n.混合；结合体 13.understanding n.理解→_________________ n.误解 technique modern abandoned impressive impression perfectly mixed mixture misunderstanding (二)词块积累 1.make great efforts to take the center stage __________________ 2.be referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture ______________________________ 努力成为焦点 被称为建筑界的诺贝尔奖 59 ①They abandoned __________ (carry) out the plan because of the bad weather. ②They transformed an __________ (abandon) factory into a lab，in which they carry on their research. ③To his mother’s disappointment，the boy abandoned himself to __________ (play) computer games. ④他沉溺于网络游戏，没有通过考试。 _______________________________________ and didn’t pass the exam.  1 abandon v.抛弃；离弃；放弃；停止做(某事)n.放纵，放任；尽情 (三)词汇精研 carrying abandoned playing He abandoned himself to the Internet games 60 •abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon oneself to 沉湎于；放纵(情感)于 with abandon 纵情；放任地 •abandoned adj.抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的 61 ◎写作素材 be abandoned because of financial problems 由于资金问题被放弃 be found abandoned in the woods off the highway 被发现丢弃在高速公路旁的树林里 62 ①Even so，she impressed the world __________ her courage and strong desire to succeed. ②What __________ (impress) me most was that whenever he appeared in front of others he often wore a big smile. ③Your art skills are excellent and admirable，which leaves me a deep __________ (impress). 2 impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记；铭刻；给……留下极深的印象 with impressed impression 63 ④My first __________ (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. ⑤___________________________________ (美景给我留下了深刻的印象) and forgot to go back home in time.  ⑥_______________________________，I forgot to go back home in time.[把⑤升级为分词短语作状语]  impression I was impressed by the beautiful scenery Impressed by the beautiful scenery •impress sb.with sth.某物给某人留下印象 impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人意识到/牢记某事 be impressed by/with...对……有深刻印象 be impressed on one’s mind/memory被印在某人脑海里 •impression n.印象；感想 make/leave an impression on...给……留下印象 ◎写作素材 My father impressed me with the value of hard work，which has been benefiting me over years.我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性，这使我多年来受益匪浅。 Part 2　句型 (一)长难句分析 “Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang. [结构分析]　本句是一个复合句。without knowing what they really are是without介词短语作状语，其中what they really are是what引导的宾语从句，作knowing的宾语。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ ______________ 王说：“很多人在谈论传统时往往不知道传统到底是什么。” 67 (二)句型精析 The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.这个学校的建筑风格与大多数中国大学有很大的不同。 [句型公式]　that用作替代词替代前面提到的the style of the campus。 68 ①I’m moving to the countryside，because the air there is much fresher than __________ in the city. ②Helping others is a habit，________ you can learn at an early age. ③我喜欢这所前面有美丽花园的房子，但我没有足够的钱买。 I like this house with a beautiful garden in front，but______________ ________________________.  that one I don’t have enough money to buy it 69 •that可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词。其复数形式为those，相当于the ones。 •one指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”，其复数形式为 ones。 •it特指前面提到过的同一个人或物。 70 ◎写作素材 At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine.在我们的工厂里，有几台机器与这本杂志中描述的机器相似。 基础知识达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.(教材改编，外研必修三U4)I hope all of you can visit this wonderful and __________ (impress) museum one day，and feel the power of these great works of art for yourselves. 2.(教材原句，人教选必二U1)Two of the essential qualities a scientist needs to have seem to be __________ (curious) and creativity. 3.(教材原句，人教选必四U5)I was hopeful that in years to come，she’d consider this failure as a __________ (value) experience that helped her grow. impressive curiosity valuable 4.(教材改编，人教必修三U2)In 1954，she __________ (elect) to the first National People’s Congress.  5.Over the last decade the city ______________ (witness) pioneering changes.  6.Being exposed __________ English frequently enables us to have a good command of this language. 7.I’ve only just come here.I’m still not familiar __________ the work. 8.The weather of Beijing is colder than _______ of Nanjing in winter. 9.__________ he will attend the party or not depends on the weather. 10.The two sets of figures are not ___________ (significant) different. was elected has witnessed to with that Whether significantly Ⅱ.完成句子 1.Therefore，the film industry should__________________________ __________ (努力吸引更多的观众).  2. ____________________________ (他推迟告诉她那个消息)，waiting for the right moment.  3.I don’t know ____________________________________ (宇宙最初是怎么形成的).  4.I remember one time we had to ________________________ (把我们的汽车丢弃在雪地里).  5. _______________________ (他们暴露在) radioactive fallout during nuclear weapons tests.  make an effort to attract more viewers He delayed telling her the news how the universe first came into existence abandon our car in the snow They were exposed to Ⅲ.语法填空 　　(教材改编，人教必修二U1)The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵)，which was built between 1631 and 1648，is 1.____________ masterpiece of architecture.It took more than 20，000 2.__________ (worker) and 1，000 elephants to complete the project，and the stones came 3.____________ as far away as China.4.____________ (build) the Taj Mahal was a labour of love.In the early 17th century，India 5.____________ (rule) by an emperor named Shah Jahan 6.____________ was married to a woman named Mumtaz.The emperor loved his wife 7.____________ much that when she died，he built the Taj Mahal in 8.____________ (she) memory.The 9.____________ (beauty) mausoleum (陵墓) was designed to look like what the emperor hoped would be Mumtaz’s home in the afterlife.The colour of the buildings appears 10.____________ (change) with the light of day.Shah Jahan was later buried next to Mumtaz，and the couple now rest together forever.  1.答案：a 解析：泰姬陵建于1631年至1648年之间，是建筑的一大杰作。空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，且masterpiece的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2.答案：workers 解析：worker“工人”为可数名词，根据空前的 20，000可知，空处应用复数形式，故填workers。 3.答案：from 解析：此处表示“这些石头来自遥远的中国”。come from为固定搭配，表示“来自”，故填from。 4.答案：Building 解析：空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，故填Building。 5.答案：was ruled 解析：空处在主句中作谓语，根据时间状语“In the early 17th century”可知，空处应用一般过去时，主语India与动词rule 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was ruled。 6.答案：who/that 解析：空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Shah Jahan，并在从句中作主语，故填who或that。 7.答案：so 解析：此处为“so...that...”结构，故填副词so。 8.答案：her 解析：in sb.’s memory为固定搭配，表示“为了纪念，作为对……的纪念”，故填形容词性物主代词 her。 9.答案：beautiful 解析：空处作定语，修饰名词mausoleum，应用形容词 beautiful，表示“美丽的”。 10.答案：to change 解析：appear to do sth.为固定用法，表示“好像要做某事”，故填to change。 写作能力提升 话题写作——应用文增分练 Step 1　写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子) ①他被认为是一位著名的画家，喜欢画山水画并因此而闻名。 He was considered to be ________________，and he_____________ __________________ and _______________ it.  ②人们能从他的绘画中看出他观察自然界很仔细。 People could __________________ that he ______________________ very carefully.  a famous painter was fond of drawing landscapes well known for tell by his paintings observed the natural world ③为了使他的画更加生动，他采用了一种新的绘画风格。 In order to __________________________，he___________________ _______________.  ④尽管他不得不忍受他人的嘲笑，但他相信梦想一定会实现。 Although he had to ______________________ by others，he believed that his dream ________________.  ⑤由于在他的画中出现了许多生动元素，最终他大获成功。 As many vivid elements ______________________，he eventually achieved great success.  make his paintings more alive adopted a new drawing style stand being laughed at would come true appeared in his paintings Step 2　表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级) ①用分词作状语改写句① Considered to be a famous painter，he was fond of drawing landscapes and well known for it.  ②用with复合结构改写句⑤ With many vivid elements appearing in his paintings，he eventually achieved great success.  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3　衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) 　　Considered to be a famous painter，he was fond of drawing landscapes and well known for it. People could tell by his paintings that he observed the natural world very carefully.However，in order to make his paintings more alive，he adopted a new drawing style. Although he had to stand being laughed at by others，he believed that his dream would come true. With many vivid elements appearing in his paintings，he eventually achieved great success.  ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 读后续写——素材语料积累 【情感细节描写：惊讶(一)】 单词 astonished；amazed；surprised；shocked；astonishing；amazing；surprising；shocking；surprisingly；amazingly；shock，astonishment；surprise；amazement；amaze；astonish 词块 to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人震惊/吃 惊/惊异的是；in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement吃惊 地/震惊地/惊异地；in disbelief难以置信地；come as a shock to sb.……让某人很震惊；gasp in astonishment吃惊地倒抽一口气 句型 To people’s shock，a tornado occurred in a small town nearby.(介词短语) 使人们震惊的是，龙卷风袭击了附近的一个小镇。 Astonished/Surprised/Amazed，Mary realized that he had also recognized what her action meant.(形容词作状语) 玛丽惊讶地意识到他也明白了她的举动意味着什么。 When Anne placed her favorite toy in the box，a spark of surprise flashed across her brother’s face.He stared at her with wide eyes.(无生命名词作主语) 当安妮把她最喜欢的玩具放进盒子里时，她哥哥脸上闪过一丝惊奇。他瞪大眼睛看着她。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A 　　(2025·广西南宁摸底测试)Tariq Qaiser，an architect，is trying to protect mangroves (红树).The trees could save Pakistan’s largest city Karachi，sitting on the Arabian Sea，from natural disasters.He comes to Bundal Island several times a week to document the illegal cutting of mangrove trees.“Very often，you can’t hear a single bird because the chainsaws are so loud.The trees are cut down illegally for firewood，” he says，shaking his head.Besides，developers clear the mangroves to make room for construction. Karachi has a hot climate，and its concrete buildings and paved roads make it even hotter.Offshore，there are islands where mangroves grow.They could be the key to slowing climate change.Mangrove forests pull carbon dioxide out of the air，holding four times as much of the planet-warming gas as other forests can.They support diverse ecosystems.As sea levels rise with global warming，the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding. Karachi’s mangroves are disappearing.But its numbers are rising in other parts of Pakistan.With replanting efforts，the country has tripled (成为三倍) its mangrove coverage over the past 30 years. Qaiser’s work may have worked.Recently，a court in Karachi declared Bundal Island’s mangroves to be protected forests.But unforested parts of the island remain unprotected，and developers want to build there.City officials say this could provide much-needed housing and bring in billions of dollars.They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan. Ecologist Rafiul Haq appreciates Qaiser’s “extraordinary work” educating the public about mangroves.But he wishes Qaiser would look at the bigger picture.“Only 7% of Pakistan’s mangroves are in Karachi，” Haq says.He thinks it’s wrong to focus on the losses in 7% of the country while ignoring the success in 93% of it.But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了巴基斯坦建筑师Tariq Qaiser为保护红树林而奔走，并取得了一定的效果，因为红树林可以保护像卡拉奇这样的城市免于遭受自然灾害。 1.What do we know about Karachi’s mangroves?(　　) A.They occupy the building land. B.They’re home to various birds. C.They’re primarily being used as firewood. D.They protect the city from climate catastrophes. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“The trees could save Pakistan’s largest city Karachi，sitting on the Arabian Sea，from natural disasters.”可知，红树林可以保护卡拉奇免于遭受自然灾害。故选D。 2.Why are efforts made to conserve the mangrove trees?(　　) A.Their birthplaces meet crisis. B.They boast huge diversity. C.Their bonds with nature are close. D.They grow at a rapid speed. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：推理判断题。 根据第二段中的“the key to slowing climate change...pull carbon dioxide out of the air...support diverse ecosystems...the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding”可知，红树林可以减缓气候变化、吸收空气中的二氧化碳、支持多样化的生态系统、并保护海滨城市免遭洪灾。据此可以推断，保护它们是因为它们与自然的关系非常密切。故选C。 1 2 3 4 3.What does the Karachi government plan to do?(　　) A.Grow mangroves in other areas. B.Destroy buildings to grow mangroves. C.Build more mangrove reserves. D.Use mangroves to make profit. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan.”可知，政府官员宣称他们会用Bundal Island建筑用地中获利的资金去巴基斯坦的其他区域种植红树林。故选A。 4.What does Haq think of Qaiser’s work on Karachi’s mangroves? (　　) A.Challenging.　　　 B.Effective. C.Insignificant. D.Partial. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：观点态度题。 根据最后一段中的“But he wishes Qaiser would look at the bigger picture...But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit.”可知，Haq希望Qaiser可以看到更大的图景，他说巴基斯坦只有7%的红树林在卡拉奇。他认为只关注全国7%的损失，而忽视93%的成功是错误的。但是Qaiser认为保护每一处都很重要。由此可推知，Haq认为Qaiser对于卡拉奇红树林工作成果的认识是片面的，不全面的，故选D项。 B 　　(2024·吉林长春质量监测一) It’s a race against time，as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves，a UNESCO World Heritage Site，despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind. 　　The team is dedicated to protecting the 45，000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2，000 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site，the construction of which spans about a thousand years，from the 4th century to the 14th century.The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road.“Our work，repairing murals and painted sculptures，is to better preserve the caves，which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people，” says Su Bomin，director of the Dunhuang Academy. 　　Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking (剥落)，as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity of the caves，and the deposition of salts.To restore a mural requires an all-rounder.Restorers should know painting，master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics，to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution.They must also select proper materials and tools，conduct experiments before formally carrying out the restoration，and evaluate the effect afterward. 　　The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them.When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away，they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses of history，” explains Su.“When you pursue the so-called intact (完好无损) look for artistic reasons，you will lose their key meaning.” 　　Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems.“It needs long-term research to better preserve the caves，over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes，” Su says.But at least，they can keep the existing look of the murals for as long as possible. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟壁画的历史以及壁画的修复工作的相关信息。 5.What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?(　　) A.To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals. B.To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road. C.To stress the significance of the restoration work. D.To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Our work，repairing murals and painted sculptures...inspires modern people”可知，修复工作是为了更好地保护莫高窟洞穴，其意义是向世人介绍伟大的敦煌包容精神，激励现代人。由此可知，第二段的主要目的是强调修复工作的意义。故选C项。 6.Which of the following best describes the restoration work?(　　) A.Creative.　　　　　 B.Well-paid. C.Interesting. D.Demanding. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Restorers should know painting...evaluate the effect afterward.”可知，修复者应该懂得绘画，掌握一些石匠技能，还要具备一些化学和物理方面的知识，同时还要能够认识到问题及其相应的原因，并提供解决方案。另外，修复者还要选择适当的材料和工具，并在正式进行修复之前进行实验，之后评估效果。由此可推知，修复工作要求极高。A项“有创造力的”，B项“报酬高的”，C项“有趣的”，D项“要求高的”。故选D项。 7.What should restoring murals focus on according to paragraph 4? (　　) A.Spotting the faded murals in time. B.Fixing the missing parts of murals. C.Making preservation of the murals as they are. D.Repainting murals to perfect their appearance. 5 6 7 8 C 107 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The restoration should respect the original work...you will lose their key meaning”可知，壁画的修复应该尊重原作，维护其现状而不是重画；如若因艺术原因而追求所谓的完美的外表，那就失去了其核心意义。由此可推知，壁画的修复重点是维护其现状。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 108 8.What can be a suitable title for the text?(　　) A.The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings B.The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves C.The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation D.The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture 5 6 7 8 B 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了莫高窟壁画的历史以及壁画的修复工作对修复人员的能力要求、修复工作的目的和作用等信息。故B项“莫高窟的壁画修复工作”适合作为本文标题。故选B项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了仅仅通过短信交流而带来的一些问题，比如缺少语调、缺乏肢体语言，不同的短信交流节奏、表情符号以及动态图片带来的问题等等。 110 　　(2024·云南昆明 “三诊一模”教学质检)It’s common to communicate by way of text，and that works well for everything from setting plans with a friend to asking you to pick up a grocery item.1(　　) Fighting over text can cause problems and can even break up friendships or partnerships.Ahead，we’ll examine why.  A.Body language is absent B.Long-term healthy relationships collapse C.Text，on the other hand，has no tone. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However，we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 1.答案：F 解析：上文的“It’s common to communicate by way of text”说明通过发短信联系是很普遍的现象，下文谈到“Fighting over text”，故F项“然而，我们可能过于重视通过短信进行沟通”承上启下，符合语境。 ·There’s no vocal tone involved When we speak，the person we’re talking to can tell how serious or light we are by our tones.2(　　) Everything is flat in writing，so without vocal tones to clarify，it’s easy to assume the worst in someone and their intentions.  A.Body language is absent B.Long-term healthy relationships collapse C.Text，on the other hand，has no tone. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However，we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 2.答案：C 解析：根据小标题“There’s no vocal tone involved”可知，本段主要讲述短信没有音调，C项“另一方面，文本没有语气”与小标题表达的意思一致。 ·3(　　) We also communicate in person through nonverbal ways.How we act physically lets others know how we feel，and without that in text，an argument can be worsened to a terrible point without one person even becoming aware of how upset the other is. A.Body language is absent B.Long-term healthy relationships collapse C.Text，on the other hand，has no tone. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However，we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 3.答案：A 解析：段落标题句。本段中的“How we act physically lets others know how we feel”说明我们的肢体行为让别人知道我们的感受。“act physically”指的就是A项中的“Body language”，也就是说通过短信交流，肢体语言是缺乏的，对方不知道你的感受，一个人甚至不会意识到另一个人有多沮丧。故选A。 ·Different communication paces affect a lot 4(　　) And when arguing，it can get even faster.It happens not to read all of a person’s reply before you respond again，and the more upset you get，the harder it may be to express yourself clearly or to understand the person you’re fighting with.  A.Body language is absent B.Long-term healthy relationships collapse C.Text，on the other hand，has no tone. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However，we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 4.答案：D 解析：根据空后的“And when arguing，it can get even faster.”可知，D项中的“a quick back-and-forth exchange.”与空后意思吻合，表明发短信通常是一种快速的来回交流方式，而在争吵时，它可能会变得更快。 ·Emojis and GIFs can be hurtful In the same way that visual communication tools like emojis and GIFs can add fun to conversations，they can also make things much worse in a text disagreement.It can be challenging to know when you’ve taken emojis or GIFs to a hurtful place，especially if the other person holds in that information and doesn’t tell you at the moment.5(　　) A.Body language is absent B.Long-term healthy relationships collapse C.Text，on the other hand，has no tone. D.Texting is generally a quick back-and-forth exchange. E.This may happen if he is feeling unsafe in the discussion. F.However，we may have taken communication by text too far. G.Our tone tells us a conversation is heading in the wrong direction. 5.答案：E 解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段主要讲述表情符号和动态图片可能会造成伤害。上文谈到知道你什么时候把表情符号或动态图片带到了一个伤人的地方，这可能是一个挑战，特别是如果对方掌握了这些信息并且当下没有告诉你的时候。E项“如果他在讨论中感到不安全，就可能会发生这种情况”符合逻辑。E项的“discussion”和本段中的“in a text disagreement”意思相吻合，同时E项中的“he”指代上文的“the other person”。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 　　(2024·河南郑州第一次质量预测)China’s conventional tea-making techniques and their social practices have successfully been included in the UNESCO’s list of Intangible Cultural Heritage. 　　“Stove-boiled tea”，1 _______ new way of drinking tea，has been popular in China. The process of drinking tea has a sense of ritual (仪式)，and so far the ceremony 2 _____________ (become) a new favorite of young people.  a has become 　　Usually，the process of boiling tea on a stove 3 __________ (consist) of lightly roasting tea leaves before making tea，sometimes with rosebuds (玫瑰花蕾)，in a pot over a stove. The art of boiling tea is a time-consuming process，4 __________ requires constant attention to the temperature in order to properly “cook” it. People sit around the stove and have snacks such as fruits，nuts and desserts with their hot tea. It’s a pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea. consists which 　　People also post their moments of stove-boiled tea while wearing 5 __________ (tradition) Hanfu in these ancient teahouses. Similar to other trending 6 __________(lifestyle) such as cycling and camping，“stove-boiled tea” reflects young people’s desire to escape from cities to get close to nature and experience a peaceful mind. It’s 7 __________ (absolute) relaxing to drink hot tea，feel the winter breeze，and chat with best friends. traditional lifestyles absolutely 　　“Stove-boiled tea” is a popular way 8 ___________ (integrate) Chinese cultural elements into people’s daily lives.   　　You may have heard of caffè latte (拿铁咖啡)，9 _________ have you ever heard of a similar art in a cup of tea? Apart from the “stove-boiled tea”，dian cha is also a tea art from the Song Dynasty. During the dian cha making process，the froth (泡沫) and the tea paste act like paper and ink，10 __________ (allow) artists to create delicate patterns. to integrate but/yet allowing 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1：architect n.建筑师 Para.2：coverage n.覆盖范围 核心短语 Para.1：chainsaw n.链锯 make room for为……腾出空间 Para.3：bring in产生利润 B 篇 核心单词 Para.1：charm n.魅力，魔力，吸引力 Para.2：construction n.建筑，建造，施工 Para.3：humidity n.(空气中的)湿度；湿热；高温潮湿 Para.4：maintain v.保持，维持；维修，保养；固执己见 witness n.目击者；见证人 v.当场看到，目击(尤指罪行或事故)；见证pursue v.追求，致力于；执行，贯彻；追逐，跟踪 Para.5：continuously adv.连续不断地 派生词汇 Para.1：conservator n.文物修复员，文物保护员→conserve v.节省，节约；保护，保存；保藏→conservation n.节约；保护→conservative adj.保守的，守旧的→conservatism n.保守主义；保守，守旧 artistic adj.艺术的，艺术家的；有艺术天赋的；精美的→art n.艺术，美术(尤指绘画、雕刻、雕塑) Para.3：restore v.恢复(某种情况或感受)；修复，整修；使复原→restoration n.整修，修复；恢复，复原；回归，归还 核心短语 Para.1：cultural heritage文化遗产 Para.2：be dedicated to从事于，献身于；奉献 take place(尤指根据安排或计划)发生，进行 Para.3：carry out实施，执行，落实 $$