话题11 公益事业与志愿服务-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习话题课件

主题语境二　人与社会 主题(一)　社会服务与人际沟通 话题11　公益事业与志愿服务 1 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 高考真题精研 基础知识达标 写作能力提升 课时作业 巩固提升 2 高考真题精研 第一组 Passage 1　阅读理解(2020·全国Ⅰ卷·A改编) Train Information All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30. While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services. Lost property (失物招领) Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 a.m. to 5：00 p.m.and is located (位于) at Roma Street station. Public holidays On public holidays，generally a Sunday timetable operates.On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day，Anzac Day，sporting and cultural days，special additional services may operate.New Year’s Day services operate to a New Year’s Day timetable.Before travel please visit translink.com.au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime. Customers using mobility devices Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance，please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17. Guardian trains (outbound) Depart Origin Destination Arrive 6：42 p.m. Altandi Varsity Lakes 7：37 p.m. 7：29 p.m. Central Varsity Lakes 8：52 p.m. 8：57 p.m. Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9：52 p.m. 11：02 p.m. Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12：22 a.m. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了昆士兰铁路的票务信息、失物招领信息、公共假日安排、轮椅通道和列车班次信息等。 21.What would you do to get ticket information? A.Call 13 16 17. B.Visit translink.com.au. C.Ask at the local station. D.Check the train schedule. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”可知，想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。 21 22 23 22.At which station can you find the lost property office? A.Altandi. B.Roma Street. C.Varsity Lakes. D.Fortitude Valley. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中的“The lost property office...is located at Roma Street station.”可知，失物招领处位于Roma Street车站。 21 22 23 23.Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes? A.6：42 p.m.　　　　 B.7：29 p.m. C.8：57 p.m. D.11：02 p.m. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中表格的第三行信息可知，从Central出发去Varsity Lakes需要乘坐晚上7：29的列车。 21 22 23 词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ vt.保证，担保n.保修单 2.serve v.服务→__________ n.服务 3.add vi.& vt.增加；增添→__________ n.增加，增添；附属物→_________ adj.附加的，额外的→_____________ adv.除此之外，此外 4.assist v.协助；帮助→__________ n.援助，帮助→__________ n.助手，助理；副手 guarantee service addition additional additionally assistance assistant (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 　On public holidays，generally a Sunday timetable operates.(operate基本义：v.操作；使运行) __________ v.运作 (三)词块积累 　be in possession of a valid ticket _________________ 持有有效车票 14 ①I guarantee __________ (pay) off my debts on time，no matter what happens.  ②The shop said they would replace the television as long as it was still __________ guarantee. ③我们保证在一周内将货物送到。 ______________________________ in one week.  1 guarantee vt.保证，担保；提供(产品)保修单n.保修单；保证金；担保书；保证，担保 (四)词汇精研 to pay under We guarantee to deliver the goods 15 guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事 guarantee to do sth./that...保证做某事；确保…… under guarantee在保修期内 a guarantee of ……的保证 16 ◎写作素材 guarantee us all against loss保证我们大家免受损失 a guarantee of quality质量保证书 17 ①We’re looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us __________ the group’s work. ②The guide managed to assist the tourists __________ (find) somewhere to live during the city.  ③With the __________ (assist) of his teacher，he gradually adjusted to the school life. 2 assistant n.助手，助理，副手 with/in to find assistance 18 ④It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity，says an __________ (assist) professor of exercise science. ⑤(普通表达)I believe we can learn a lot and gain great pleasure from helping others. (高级表达)I believe we can learn a lot and gain great pleasure from __________ others. assistant assisting •assist vt.帮助；援助 assist sb.to do sth.=assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事 assist (sb.) with/in sth.在某方面帮助(某人) •assistance n.帮助；援助 come to one’s assistance来援助某人 ◎写作素材 assist you in finding somewhere to live帮你找个住的地方 assist him to prepare his speech 帮他准备演讲稿 no one came to his assistance没人来帮助他 Passage 2　阅读理解(2020·天津卷·A改编) How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library?If so，you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books.They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge，meet interesting people，or find out how to start a business.  Check out a book.While libraries still loan out (出借) books，you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for，thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.Via such networks，libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles.Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch，they will inform you by e-mail，so you can pick it up.  Check out other items.The library is now a multimedia zone，loaded with information in many formats (载体形式).You can borrow movies on DVDs，music on CDs，and popular magazines.Some libraries even loan out toys and games.If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests，they may bring it in when enough interest is shown.  Join targeted reading groups.Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups.Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English.The library may sponsor a language group you could join.If you have difficulties reading，ask about special reading opportunities.Your library might be able to accommodate you.And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own，your local library can become a launch space for it.In library books and computers，you can find information on starting a business.Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce (商会) and government agencies，and they will offer printing，faxing and database services you need. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了改善升级后的公共图书馆给人们提供的服务，人们可以从这几项服务中受益很多。 27 36.Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by ________.  A.sharing their books on the Internet B.giving access to online reading at a library branch C.sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D.making the checkout procedures diverse 答案：C 36 37 38 39 28 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句可知，通过这样的网络体系，图书馆通过使用传输工具彼此分享图书并把读者需要的书籍运送到最近的一个分馆，通过电子邮件告知读者，这样他们去取就可以了。故选C项。 36 37 38 39 29 37.According to Paragraph 3，what items may be checked out from a public library? A.A magazine and an e-book. B.A game and an oil painting. C.A music CD and a kid’s toy. D.A DVD and a video player. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第三、四句可知，公共图书馆可以出借电影DVD、音乐光盘、流行杂志、玩具和游戏等，故选C项。 36 37 38 39 30 38.Your local library can help you start a business by ________.  A.providing relevant information and supporting services B.offering professional advice on business management C.supplying useful information of your potential buyers D.arranging meetings with government officials 答案：A 36 37 38 39 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句“Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management...and they will offer printing，faxing and database services you need.”可知，图书馆会给你提供有关企业管理的信息，也提供你需要的相关服务，故选A项。 36 37 38 39 39.What is the purpose of the passage? A.To point out the importance of public libraries. B.To encourage people to work in public libraries. C.To introduce the improved services of public libraries. D.To call for the modernization of public library systems. 答案：C 36 37 38 39 解析：写作意图题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“...where you can develop your love of knowledge，meet interesting people，or find out how to start a business.”可知，现代公共图书馆的功能得到了改善和升级，接下来的几段介绍了图书馆改善的几项服务。因此，这篇文章的写作目的是介绍公共图书馆改善的几项服务。故选C项。 36 37 38 39 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ v.改变；使改观 2. __________ n.知识 3. __________ v.告知 4. __________ adj.合作的 5. __________ n.车辆；运输工具 6. __________ v.装载 transform knowledge inform cooperative vehicle load 7. __________ v.赞助；帮助 8. __________ n.数据库 9. __________ n.投放市场；发行 10. ____________ v.容纳；为……提供空间；为(某人)提供住宿(或膳宿、座位等) sponsor database launch accommodate (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 　Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch，they will inform you by e-mail，so you can pick it up.(branch基本义：n.树枝) _________________ n.部门；分支 37 (三)词块积累 1.change for the better _______________________ 2.check out a book ______________ 3.thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries ________________________________ 向着较好的情况转变 借阅一本书 多亏了地区图书馆的合作网络 38 ①He will accommodate me __________ the use of his house while he is abroad. ②After the flood，the first thing the local government did was to provide ______________ (accommodate) for the homeless families. ③It took him a while to accommodate his eyes _______ the darkness. ④我们应该使自己适应这种新的学习氛围。 We should ___________________________ the new learning atmosphere.  accommodate v.容纳(乘客等)；供应；(使)适应 (四)词汇精研 with accommodation to accommodate ourselves to 39 •accommodate sb.for the night 留宿某人 accommodate sth.to sth.使……适合/迎合…… accommodate sb.with sth.向某人提供某物 accommodate oneself to 使自己适应…… •accommodation n.住所；膳宿 make/provide accommodation for 为……提供膳宿 40 ◎写作素材 accommodate himself to new circumstances 使他自己适应新环境 41 Part 2　句型 (一)长难句分析 1.While libraries still loan out books，you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for，thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. [结构分析]　本句是主从复合句。其中while引导让步状语从句，翻译成“尽管”；主句中find后it为形式宾语，不定式短语to get a copy of...为真正的宾语；whatever引导的宾语从句作介词of的宾语，whatever在宾语从句中作look for的宾语。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 虽然图书馆仍然出借图书，但你会发现，由于区域图书馆的合作网络，你可以更容易地得到你正在找的任何图书。 2.If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests，they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. [结构分析]　本句是主从复合句。主句是they may bring it in，其后when引导时间状语从句；在if引导的条件状语从句中，and连接了两个并列分句，在前一个分句中，you want是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词a popular magazine。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 如果不能提供你需要的某种流行杂志，图书馆会保存一份这样的请求列表，当有足够的人对其感兴趣时，他们可能会引进这种杂志。 43 (二)句型精析 If so，you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.如果这样的话，你或许会对图书馆已经变得更好感到吃惊。  [句型公式]　句中if so是省略句，表示“如果这样的话”，完整形式是if it is so。 44 ①Are you ready? If __________，I’m going without you. ②Mary pays special attention to her diet，so she seldom，if ______，eats out. ③Please check over the speech draft and correct the mistakes，if __________. ④如果可能的话，我想避开高峰时间。 I want to avoid the rush hour ____________.  not ever any if possible 45 if构成的其他省略形式： if not如果不这样的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if any如果有的话 if ever如果曾经有的话 ◎写作素材 They were ready to die，if necessary，for their country.必要时，他们愿为国捐躯。 第二组 Passage 1　阅读理解(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·C) 　　The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia，a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.  Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said：“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”  “I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.” “It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I’m enjoying the creative activities，and it feels great to have done something useful.” There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. Wendy Wilson，extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street，one of the first to embark on the project，said：“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”  Lynn Lewis，director of Notting Hill Pathways，said：“We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。英国的一家慈善组织别出心裁，让养老院的老人养鸡来减少他们的孤独感，改善他们的健康状况。 28.What is the purpose of the project? A.To ensure harmony in care homes. B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged. C.To raise money for medical research. D.To promote the elderly people’s welfare. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，该项目是由当地一家慈善机构想出来的，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善老年人的福祉。故选D项。 28 29 30 31 29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier? A.She has learned new life skills. B.She has gained a sense of achievement. C.She has recovered her memory. D.She has developed a strong personality. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中Ruth Xavier说的对这个项目的感受“我很享受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好”可知，她从这个项目中获得了成就感。故选B项。 28 29 30 31 30.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7? A.Improve.　　　　 B.Oppose. C.Begin. D.Evaluate. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。由本句中的one of the first及下文Wendy Wilson的身份和她对这个项目的评价可推知，Wendy Wilson是首批“开办”这个项目的人员之一。故选C项。 28 29 30 31 31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs? A.It is well received. B.It needs to be more creative. C.It is highly profitable. D.It takes ages to see the results. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。最后两段讲述了一些组织参与到这个项目的人的感受。根据Wendy Wilson和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个项目得到了好评。故选A项。 28 29 30 31 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ n.居民 2. __________ n.慈善机构 3. __________ n.健康，幸福 4. __________ n.全体员工 5. _____________ adj.遍及全国的 6. __________ n.和谐 resident charity wellbeing staff countrywide harmony 7. __________ n.幸福，福祉 8. __________ v.评价 9. __________ adj.有利润的，有益的 10. __________ n.孤独 11. __________ n.降低，减少 12. __________ v.确保 13. __________ v.恢复 welfare evaluate profitable loneliness reduction ensure recover 14.personal adj.个人的→__________ adv.就个人而言→__________ n.个性，性格 15.promote vt.促进，增进→__________ n.促进，增进 16.oppose vi.& vt.抵制，反对；抗争→__________ adj.强烈反对；截然不同→__________ n.抵制，反对 personally personality promotion opposed opposition 58 (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 　Wendy Wilson，extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street，one of the first to embark on the project，said：“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions...”(extra基本义：adj.额外的) ___________ adj.临时的 59 (三)词块积累 1.dream up ______________________________ 2.in use __________ 3.roll it out countrywide ___________________ 4.raise money for medical research ____________________ 5.gain a sense of achievement _____________ 6.be well received __________ 想出(不同寻常的计划或主意) 在使用中 在全国范围内推广 为医学研究筹钱 获得成就感 很受欢迎 ①However，many parents oppose __________ (separate) students into science and art. ②Some students ____________ (oppose) to the decision and think that it will limit their freedom.  ③由于我所有的朋友都反对我的计划，我忍不住伤心地抽泣起来。 _____________________________________，I couldn’t resist sobbing sadly.  oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 (四)词汇精研 separating are opposed With all of my friends opposed to my plan 61 oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 opposed adj.相反的；反对，不赞成 be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 opposition n.反对；对立 62 ◎写作素材 remain fundamentally opposed to the plan依然从根本上反对这项计划 strongly oppose her going there alone极力地反对她独自去那个地方 63 Part 2　句型 (一)长难句分析 Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. [结构分析]　in the use of medicine是介词短语，修饰名词a reduction；where hens are in use是先行词为care homes的定语从句。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ _______________ 养老院的工作人员报告说，通过养鸡活动，药物的使用有所减少。 (二)句型精析 Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.参与该项目的人中有80岁的罗斯泽维尔。  [句型公式]　本句为全部倒装句。其正常语序是：80-year-old Ruth Xavier is among those taking part in the project. ①At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River _______ (lie) Chongqing，one of the largest cities in China. ②Present at the evening party __________ (be) our English teacher yesterday. ③The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city.There _______ (stand) many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. ④他们来到一座古老的博物馆，博物馆前站着一大群人。 They arrived at an old museum，_______________________________ __________.  lies was stand in front of which stood a big crowd of people •表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here、there、in、out、up、down、away、now、then等以及表示方位的介词短语位于句首时句子全部倒装。此时谓语动词一般为be动词或lie、come、go、stand等动词，且句子的主语为名词。 •形容词/分词位于句首也可构成全部倒装。 ◎写作素材 Into the complete silence of the waiting class came the teacher’s sweet voice，“Good morning，children.”教室里一片寂静，这时传来了老师甜甜的声音：“孩子们，早上好。” Passage 2　阅读理解(2022·全国乙卷·B) 　　In 1916，two girls of wealthy families，best friends from Auburn，N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College.They wore expensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead，Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted：The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden，who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.  69 Why did they go then? Well，they wanted to do something useful.Soon，however，they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family，the Harrisons，and，like them，had little privacy，rare baths，and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.Some mornings，Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring，the snow was replaced by mud over ice. 70 In Wickenden’s book，she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism，which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads，which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies，often in blinding snowstorms.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.  71 Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff，on her horse，looking down from a hill top：“When the sun slipped behind the mountains，it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals：foxes，coyotes，mice，and varying hares，which turned white in the winter.” 72 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇书评。文章介绍了Dorothy Woodruff写的一部书的主要内容：两个在富裕家庭长大的女孩子去落基山脉的一个村庄当老师，她们住在当地人的家里，和他们一样过着艰辛的生活。 24.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A.To teach in a school. B.To study American history. C.To write a book. D.To do sightseeing. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1916，two girls of wealthy families...traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了到一所学校教学。 24 25 26 27 25.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? A.They enjoyed much respect. B.They had a room with a bathtub. C.They lived with the local kids. D.They suffered severe hardships. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，她们和当地的一户人家一起生活，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来的时候，被子上都是雪。有时候她们早上到学校后，发现孩子们冻得直哭。由此可推知，她们在那里受了很多苦。 24 25 26 27 26.Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising? A.The extreme climate of Auburn. B.The living conditions in Elkhead. C.The railroad building in the Rockies. D.The natural beauty of the West. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads，which entailed drilling through the Rockies，often in blinding snowstorms.”可知，书中描述的惊险部分应是在落基山脉修建铁路的过程。 24 25 26 27 27.What is the text? A.A news report.　　　 B.A book review. C.A children’s story. D.A diary entry. 答案：B 解析：文章类型题。根据第四段中的“In Wickenden’s book，she expanded”和“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.”以及最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller.”可知，本文是一篇书评，介绍的是名为Nothing Daunted：The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West的一本书。 24 25 26 27 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ v.流泪，哭泣 2. __________ n.讲故事的人 3. __________ v.溜走 4. __________ v.散发出光；去除，摆脱 5. __________ adj.极为恶劣的，十分严重的 6. __________ n.苦难，困苦 weep storyteller slip shed severe hardship 7. __________ n.隐私 8. __________ v.承诺；承担；负责 9. __________ v.& n.影响 10. ____________ adj.令人毛骨悚然的；惊险的 11. __________ adj.刺眼的；精彩的；雪亮的；令人视线模糊的 12. __________ vt.扫；打扫 13. __________ v.纪念；标示；(给学生作业)打分；做标记n.标记 privacy undertake influence hair-raising blinding sweep mark 14. __________ n.线；弦；一串vt.系；把……连在一起；给……装弦adj.线的；弦乐器的 15. __________ vt.更换；(用……)替换；取代；代替；更新 16.wealth n.财富→__________ adj.富裕的；有钱的 17.settle v.解决；定居→__________ n.移民；殖民者→__________ n.解决；定居点 string replace wealthy settler settlement 80 (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.(sweep基本义：v.打扫；清扫)__________________ (move基本义：v.移动) ______________________________ n.连绵弯曲的地带 v.促使(某人做某事)，使去做 81 (三)词块积累 1.nothing daunted _________________________ 2.a blanket of snow ____________________ 3.expand on the history of the West ____________________ 4.do sightseeing _____________ 5.a book review __________ 6.a diary entry __________ 毫不气馁，无所畏惧 厚厚的一层雪 详述西方历史 观光，游览 一篇书评 一篇日记 ①When spring comes，we usually sweep __________ all the dirt from our garage. ②A wave of tiredness __________ (sweep) over her. ③首先，我们打扫房子，扫除厄运，然后我们把门和窗漆成红色。 First，we clean our house and ____________________，and then we paint doors and windows red.  1 sweep vt.& vi.扫，打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走；猛烈吹过；突然袭来；扫视；迅速传播 (四)词汇精研 out swept sweep away bad luck 83 sweep away席卷；冲走；消除；扫荡一空 sweep out清除，扫掉 sweep up 打扫，清扫 sweep over 突然袭来 84 ◎写作素材 sweep away the dead leaves in the yard打扫庭院里的落叶 cold winds sweep over the barren，treeless plains寒风掠过贫瘠无树的荒原 85 ①Teachers will never __________ (replace) with computers in the classroom.  ②It’s not a good idea to miss meals and replace them __________ snacks. ③Joe resigned as chairperson in 2019 and I took __________ place of him. ④我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加这次会议。 Our monitor will ______________ our head teacher to attend the meeting.  2 replace vt.代替；取代；把……放回原处 be replaced with/by the take the place of 86 •replace...with/by...用……替换……，以……接替…… take the place of=take one’s place 接替；代替 in place of=in one’s place 代替 •replacement n.替代；替代的人(物) ◎写作素材 largely replace the traditional letters 极大地替代了传统书信 replace all the furniture damaged in the flood 更换在洪水中损坏的所有家具 replace the china plate on the shelf 把瓷盘放回架子上 Part 2　句型 长难句分析 1.So for them to move to Elkhead，Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. [结构分析]　本句是主从复合句。主句为for them to move to Elkhead，Colo.to instruct the children was a surprise。此句中包含一个定语从句whose shoes were held together with string，修饰先行词the children。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 所以对她们来说，前往科罗拉多州埃尔克山去教授那些鞋子都是用绳子绑起来的孩子是一件令人吃惊的事。 89 2.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads，which entailed drilling through the Rockies，often in blinding snowstorms. [结构分析]　本句是主从复合句。which引导的定语从句修饰先行词the building of the railroads。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 一个令人毛骨悚然的部分是关于铁路的建设，这牵涉到钻通落基山脉，而且经常是在使人视线模糊的暴风雪中进行。 90 基础知识达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.She __________ (slip) away just now without him being aware of it. 2.Many people opposed __________ (build) a new highway because of the great cost. 3.Present at our graduation ceremony __________ (be) many teachers and parents. 4.As far as I know，a young man will be __________ possession of the big company after the old general manager retires. slipped building were in 5.In addition __________ the killed and wounded，many were missing in the war. 6.There were __________ (vary) reasons why he decided to leave school. 7.I was __________ (concern) that I was not protected and would get a sunburn. 8.Not all the students _______________ (guarantee) jobs when they graduate from college under the present economic situation.  to various concerned are guaranteed Ⅱ.完成句子 1.The charity aims to ________________________________ (向贫困者提供帮助).  2.The car is less than a year old，and ___________________________ (因此仍在保修期内).  3._____________________________________ (多亏了现代科学技术)，people lead a more comfortable and richer life.  4.In case you need my help，I will not be faraway and will__________ __________ (随时为你服务).  5.All existing models will eventually ___________________________ (被新设计所代替).  provide assistance for people in need therefore is still under guarantee Thanks to modern science and technology be at your service be replaced with the new design Ⅲ.完形填空 　　(教材改编，人教选必二U5)Much of the work done by volunteers and workers in the Red Cross is difficult.They tend to work in places of 　1　，where there is war，conflict，or disaster，and where conditions are quite poor.　2　，their work is also both rewarding and important. They provide food，shelter，medical supplies，and medical care to those 　3　.They help prepare communities and 　4　 supplies and materials for future disasters.And，in many cases，they 　5　 at work even after conflicts and disasters have passed，and lead development efforts.Most of the people who receive help from the Red Cross are very 　6　 for the help，and some even want to 　7　 the favour and help others now that they themselves have received help.  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1.A.reliability　　　　　 B.crisis C.separation D.shelter 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“where there is war...quite poor”可知，他们往往在有危机(crisis)的地方工作，那里有战争、冲突或灾难，那里的条件相当差。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2.A.However B.Besides C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise 答案：A 解析：上文说，红十字会的志愿者和工作人员所做的很多工作都是很困难的，此处则说明，他们的工作很有价值，也很重要。此处与上文内容形成转折，故选A。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3.A.in need B.at ease C.in silence D.at work 答案：A 解析：他们为那些生活困难的人提供食物、住处、医疗用品和医疗护理。in need 表示“在危急中；迫切需要”，符合语境，故选A。at ease“舒适，自在”；in silence“一声不吭”；at work“在工作”。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4.A.sponsor B.gather C.serve D.tackle 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“for future disasters”可知，他们帮助社区做好准备，为未来的灾难收集(gather)物资和材料，故选B。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5.A.start B.share C.arrive D.remain 答案：D 解析：在许多情况下，即使在冲突和灾难过去之后，他们继续(remain)工作，并领导发展活动，故选D。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6.A.friendly B.grateful C.open D.sorry 答案：B 解析：根据语境和常识可知，大多数得到红十字会帮助的人应是非常感激(grateful)这种帮助，故选B。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7.A.ask B.pay C.return D.enjoy 答案：C 解析：既然有些人已经得到了帮助，他们就想要报恩，帮助别人。 return“(以相同的东西)回报”符合语境，故选C。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 写作能力提升 话题写作——应用文增分练 Step 1　写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子) ①很高兴收到你的来信，信中说你关心我的志愿者工作。 I’m delighted to receive your letter，saying you__________________ ___________________.  ②现在我向你简要介绍一下。 Now I’d like to __________________________________.  are concerned about my voluntary work share with you some brief information ③几天前，我去了一个偏远的村庄，在那里我参加了一个志愿者活动。 The other day，I went to a remote village，where I________________ __________________.  ④我用了几天才适应在这个山村生活。 It took me several days to ___________________________________.  participated in a voluntary activity adjust to living in the mountainous village ⑤做志愿者工作帮助那些需要帮助的人不仅很荣幸，而且给了我一个挑战自我的机会。 It is ____________________________________________________ but also an opportunity to challenge myself.  ⑥志愿者工作让我生活得更充实。 The voluntary work makes _______________________.  ⑦我渴望尽快收到你的来信。 I ___________________________ as soon as possible.  not only a privilege to do voluntary work to help those in need my life more substantial am dying to hear from you Step 2　表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级) ①用倒装句升级句⑤ Not only is it a privilege to do voluntary work to help those in need but also it is an opportunity to challenge myself.  ②用强调句型升级句⑥ It is the voluntary work that makes my life more substantial.  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Step 3　衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) 　　I’m delighted to receive your letter，saying you are concerned about my voluntary work.Now I’d like to share with you some brief information.  The other day，I went to a remote village，where I participated in a voluntary activity.However，it took me several days to adjust to living in the mountainous village.As far as I am concerned，not only is it a privilege to do voluntary work to help those in need but also it is an opportunity to challenge myself.In addition，it is the voluntary work that makes my life more substantial.  I am dying to hear from you as soon as possible.  __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 读后续写——素材语料积累 【情感细节描写：后悔、内疚与自责】 单词 guilt； guilty； regretful； regret； discouraged； frustrated； depressed； isolated 词块 have guilt written all over one’s face满脸内疚； a guilty look on one’s face脸上露出惭愧的表情；feel guilty about对……感到内疚； be full of guilt/be consumed with guilt满心愧疚； be overwhelmed by feelings of guilt愧疚难当；drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中； much to one’s regret/to one’s great regret令某人深感遗憾的是； with deep/great regret很遗憾地； a feeling of guilt/guilty feelings内疚感 句型 I stood there，with regretful tears in my eyes.(介词短语) 我站在那里，眼里含着遗憾的泪水。 On hearing the bad news，she felt extremely guilty. 听到这个坏消息，她感到非常内疚。 Desperate and helpless，Janet knelt down with tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.(形容词短语作状语) 绝望而无助的珍妮特跪了下来，后悔的泪水顺着面颊流了下来。 As Jeremy noticed Tamika’s teary eyes a sense of guilt seized him.(无生命名词作主语) 当杰里米看到塔米卡泪眼婆娑时，他感到一阵内疚。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A 　　(2025·河南安阳适应性测试)While climbing the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime dream for many，Jim Spear has taken it a step further，spending the last 18 years as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder. “Never did I dream I would have the chance to visit the Great Wall，let alone live under it，” said 68-year-old Spear，a self-taught architect from the United States. Spear’s interest in China began during his college days. It deepened when he met Tang，a Chinese girl，in 1980，and they got married two years later. In 1986，he decided to drop out of his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California and moved to China “to get to the heart of things”. “I realized that if I became a scholar of China，based overseas，I wouldn’t be able to experience what was happening in China，” Spear said. In 1995，the couple secured a long-term rent of a traditional village farmhouse in Mutianyu and decided to make it their full-time home ten years later. Shortly after possessing full-time village life，he rented an abandoned schoolhouse and transformed it into a restaurant and art glass factory for a sustainable tourism business. He also turned a former factory into a hotel and helped renovate (翻新) over 20 houses into restaurants. Besides，he explored other ways to support those residents in rural areas. “I want to do something for them，” Spear said. Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing (使融合) traditional and modern elements，adopting the Great Wall style. However，Spear emphasized his approach involves creating designs and views “that echo (映现) the Great Wall，not copy it”. In 2014，Spear received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government. Talking about the future，Spear sees abundant possibilities in China，driven by significant domestic demand and a growing emphasis on preserving historic structures. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。登上长城是很多人的梦想，而68岁的美国人Jim Spear在长城脚下生活了18年。他和妻子(中国人)一起体验长城脚下中国人的生活，用自己的设计天赋为当地人做贡献，并因此受到北京市政府的表彰。他用自己的行为践行着对中国长城和中国历史的热爱。 1.What do we know about Spear from the first two paragraphs?(　　) A.He likes to climb the Great Wall. B.He came to China when he was 18. C.He once dreamed of becoming a villager. D.He has lived beneath the Great Wall for years. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jim Spear...as a villager residing beneath this ancient wonder”和第二段中他说的话可知，Spear之前从没想过自己能到长城旅游，更别说住在长城脚下，而他已在长城脚下的村庄里生活了18年。故选D项。 2.What’s Spear’s purpose of moving to China when he was in college? (　　) A.To see a real China. B.To marry a Chinese girl. C.To work as an architect. D.To study Chinese politics. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中Spear的话“I realized that...experience what was happening in China”可知，Spear认为自己如果要成为研究中国的学者，那么在海外的话，就无法体验到中国发生的事。由此可知，他大学时来到中国的目的是看看真正的中国。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 3.What is special about Spear’s designs?(　　) A.They are inspired by rural residents. B.They copy the style of the Great Wall. C.They have received a worldwide prize. D.They connect the past with the present. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Spear’s designs reflect his natural talent for fusing traditional and modern elements，adopting the Great Wall style.”可知，他的设计采用了长城风格，融合了传统和现代元素，即连接了过去和现在。故选D项。 4.What will Spear possibly plan to do in the future?(　　) A.Continue to engage in cultural exchange. B.Work for another award in structure preserving. C.Find more ways to support the rural residents. D.Conduct further study into historic structures in China. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Talking about the future，Spear sees abundant possibilities...on preserving historic structures.”可知，谈到未来时，Spear看到了丰富的可能性，因为他看到了巨大的国内需求和中国对保护历史建筑物的日益重视。由此可推知，未来他可能会继续研究中国历史上著名的建筑物。故选D项。 B 　　(2024·江苏南京二模) For eight years，Sophie created realistic-looking limbs (肢) for those who wanted to fit in.But she longed to work on more odd designs that would stand out.Then she met Pollyanna Hope，a young amputee (被截肢者). 　　“She wanted something a little different on her leg：pictures of a cartoon she loved，” said Sophie，who is now based in London.So she designed a unique leg covered in tattoo-like images of Hope’s favorite cartoon character.Working with Hope made Sophie realize there was a potential market for limbs. 　　Since then，Sophie founded the Alternative Limb Project (ALP) to make artistic limbs.Her work includes an arm wrapped in sculpted snakes and a leg that looks like porcelain (瓷器) covered in a painted flowery vine.She makes about six limbs per year，always including clients’ ideas so that they receive a personal piece they can celebrate rather than hide. 　　Of course，a fancy-looking limb won’t suit everyone.For Sophie，the basis is that each limb must satisfy a combination of comfort，beauty and functionality，and pushing too hard in one direction can weaken other areas.But for amputees who appreciate novelty，Sophie has some amazing ideas. 　　“I’d really like to make a candy-dispenser leg with colorful candies inside it，” she says，“or a cuckoo-clock leg with a wooden bird that pops out every hour.” Her goal is to fashion a striking limb. “It’ll transform the limbs from an elephant in the room into a conversation piece.”  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sophie为截肢者设计独特的假肢的故事。 5.Why did Pollyanna Hope come to Sophie?(　　) A.She hoped to have a tailored limb. B.She intended to design a cartoon figure. C.She longed to expand the market for limbs. D.She expected to sell Sophie some odd ideas. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“‘She wanted something a little...’So she designed a unique leg covered in tattoo-like images of Hope’s favorite cartoon character.”可推知，Pollyanna Hope来找Sophie的目的是希望有一个定制的假肢，故选A。 6.According to paragraph 3，ALP aims to________.(　　)  A.boost users’ confidence B.sharpen users’ creativity C.improve Sophie’s sculpture skills D.extend Sophie’s art business 5 6 7 8 A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，Sophie的作品总是包括客户的想法，以便他们能收到一件可以庆祝而不是隐藏的个人作品。从而可推知，Sophie创立ALP的目的是增强用户的自信心，故选A。 7.What is the basis for Sophie’s works?(　　) A.The novelty of the pattern tops the list. B.The balance of multi-needs comes first. C.Fashion is the best policy. D.Functionality is the key. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，对于Sophie来说，其基础是每个肢体都必须满足舒适性、美观性和功能性的结合，向一个方向用力过猛会削弱其他方面。所以Sophie的作品的基础是把多种需求的平衡放在首位，故选B。 127 8.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?(　　) A.Sophie resolves to lead the fashion of limbs. B.Sophie plans to further transform artistic limbs. C.Amputees will feel at ease to talk about limbs. D.Amputees will have easy access to artistic limbs. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：句意理解题。在英文中“an elephant in the room”比喻一些显而易见但一直被忽略的问题，再结合语境可推知，这句话的意思是Sophie的事迹将假肢变成人们日常的话题，也就是说通过Sophie的努力，截肢者能够轻松地谈论假肢，故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) 　　(2024·福建福州质量检测)Joy is a naturalist’s assistant at the Audubon Center，a non-profit organization connecting people with nature.A big part of her 　1　 is giving urban youth the chance to spot wildlife，and gain a greater 　2　 of nature.“If things go well，” she says，“at the end of the tour，students who used to be 　3　 even by bees will no longer be afraid of insect bites，and will 　4　 handle mud，and whatever little moving 　5　 they can catch.”  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Joy values most the 　6　 that show how much this opportunity means to the students.She 　7　 one particularly long day.One boy had been misbehaving a lot，frightening away the wildlife.At the end of the tour，　8　 he ran to her.  “Miss，” he said，“it was 　9　 to pet the fur of those dead animals.”  It wasn’t how Joy would normally refer to the specimens (标本) of animal fur，but she knew what the boy meant.He looked over the river banks，　10　 for a moment as if he was weighing something in his mind.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 “This place is really amazing，” he 　11　said.“This has been the best field trip we’ve ever been on，ever.”  Joy grew up in a little village in England.She fondly remembers 　12　nature walks with Girl Scout volunteers.They helped her 　13　 her lifelong passion for nature，which she wants to share with children today.Like all volunteers，Joy has a 　14　 for looking at the world through the eyes of her students.“Maybe only five out of every hundred children will come back，but for many，the experiences will 　15　 their entire lives，” she says.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Joy帮助城市中的孩子们亲近自然，并回忆了一次特别的经历。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 1.A.life　　　　　　　　 B.dream C.challenge D.job 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文中的“Joy is a naturalist’s assistant...connecting people with nature”可知，给城市中生活的孩子一个观察野生动物的机会是Joy的工作(job)的一大部分。life“生活”；dream“梦想”；challenge“挑战”。 2.A.appreciation B.taste C.wealth D.control 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“students who...will no longer be afraid of insect bites”和最后一段中的“lifelong passion for nature”可知，Joy的工作包括让城市里的青少年更好地理解或欣赏自然。appreciation“欣赏，理解”；taste“体验，尝试，味道”；wealth“财富”；control“控制”。 3.A.amazed B.scared C.attracted D.bored 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“will no longer be afraid of insect bites”可知，在旅行结束后，曾经连蜜蜂都害怕的孩子不会再害怕昆虫叮咬。amazed“大为惊奇的”；scared“害怕的”；attracted“被吸引的”；bored“厌倦的，烦闷的”。 4.A.carelessly B.unwillingly C.happily D.seriously 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文可知，Joy认为旅行结束后，学生们将会亲近自然，即不再害怕昆虫叮咬，会开心地玩泥巴，以及任何他们能抓住的会移动的小生物。carelessly“漫不经心地，粗心地”；unwillingly “不情愿地”；happily“开心地”；seriously“严肃地”。 5.A.creatures B.images C.spirits D.shadows 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：分析句子结构可知，空后的“they can catch”是定语从句，再由空前的little和moving两个修饰词可知，此处是说“他们可以抓住任何会移动的小生物”。creature“生物，动物”；image“画像，形象”；spirit“心灵”；shadow“影子”。 6.A.stories B.moments C.honors D.rewards 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文中描述的小男孩的事情可知，有些时刻可以显示出这次机会对于学生们来说有多重要，而Joy很珍惜这些时刻，故moments符合语境。story“故事”；honor“荣誉”；reward“报酬，报答”。 7.A.ruins B.names C.recalls D.imagines 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：下文内容是Joy回忆起的那天所发生的事，故用recalls。ruin“毁灭”；name“命名”；imagine“想象”。 8.A.casually B.sadly C.gratefully D.suddenly 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文中的“One boy had been misbehaving a lot”和下文中的“This place is really amazing”可知，这里暗含转折意义，故suddenly符合语境。casually “偶然地，无意地”；sadly“伤心地”；gratefully“感激地”；suddenly“突然地”。 9.A.harmful B.great C.terrible D.lucky 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“This place is really amazing”以及“This has been the best field trip we’ve ever been on”可知，男孩喜欢这场旅行，故great符合语境，此处是说“抚摸那些死去的动物的皮毛是不错的”。pet在文章中是熟词生义用法，用作动词，表示“抚摸”。harmful“有害的”；terrible“可怕的；糟糕的”；lucky“幸运的”。 10.A.glad B.quiet C.angry D.eager 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“as if he was weighing something in his mind”可知，他好像在心里掂量着什么。此时男孩并没有说话，而是保持安静。故选B。glad“高兴的，乐意的”；angry“生气的”；eager“渴望的”。 11.A.finally B.honestly C.openly D.smoothly 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文可知，男孩在沉默了一会儿后，最终开口说话。故选A。honestly“真诚地”；openly“公开地”；smoothly“平稳地，流畅地”。 12.A.living through B.talking about C.arranging D.taking 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：take/have a walk为固定搭配，表示“散步”。故选D。live through“经历(灾难或困境)而幸存”；talk about“谈论”；arrange“安排”。 13.A.discuss B.spare C.understand D.discover 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：此处是说“那些志愿者帮助她发现了她对自然一生的热爱”。discuss“讨论”；spare“省去”；understand“理解”；discover“发现”。 14.A.hope B.gift C.reason D.need 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：此处是说“Joy有通过她的学生的眼睛观察世界的天赋”。have a gift for...表示“在……方面有天赋”，为固定搭配。 15.A.spoil B.adjust C.last D.save 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据空后的“their entire lives”可知，此处是说“这次经历将会持续在他们的一生中”。故选C。spoil“溺爱；破坏”；adjust“调整”； save“拯救，节省”。 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.2：architect n.建筑师；设计师 Para.4：possess v.拥有 Para.5：adopt v.采用，采取；表决采纳 Para.6：abundant adj.大量的，丰富的 significant adj.显著的，有重大意义的，相当数量的 domestic 国内的，本国的 preserve v.维护，保护；保存 派生词汇 Para.6：emphasis n.强调；重要性，重视→emphasize v.强调，重视；使突出 核心短语 Para.2：let alone 更不用说 Para.3：drop out of从……退出 B 篇 核心单词 Para.1：realistic-looking adj.逼真的，真实感强的 Para.5：striking adj.引人注目的，异乎寻常的，显著的 派生词汇 Para.4：combination n.结合体，联合体，混合体；结合，联合，混合→combine v.(使)结合，组合，联合，混合 weaken v.(使)虚弱，衰弱；减弱；削弱→weak adj.虚弱的，无力的 novelty n.新奇，新颖，新鲜→novel adj.新颖的，与众不同的，珍奇的 核心短语 Para.1：fit in相处融洽 stand out显眼，突出 $$