话题6 优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习话题课件

主题语境一 人与自我 主题(二)　做人与做事 话题6　优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任 1 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 高考真题精研 基础知识达标 写作能力提升 课时作业 巩固提升 2 高考真题精研 第一组 Passage 1　完形填空(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend 　41　 a marathon race.Feeling motivated，I started running 　42　，but then two things happened.First，a girl I met one day told me she was 　43　 for a “super，” referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon.Then，the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.To be honest，I 　44　 it!Between the girl making my 　45　seem small and the pure boredom of jogging，I decided that the only　46　I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!  42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 So I 　47　 cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot.I 　48　 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day，I 　49　 her bike and went for a ride.The 　50　：The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.I’d never faced such 　51　.That day，I got 　52　 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home，suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 　53　.  I’ve 　54　 a lot since then.I’ve come to accept that whatever 　55　 I set for myself，they just have to be my own.  42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试过跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行、适合自己。 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 41.A.knew　　　　　　　 B.held C.won D.quit 答案：C 41 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 解析：根据第一段中的“I’ve been motivated...by other folks’ achievements”以及下文的“Feeling motivated”可知，“我”被朋友取得的成就所激励，因此可推断邻居朋友应是赢得了马拉松比赛，won符合语境。 42.A.regularly B.silently C.proudly D.recently 答案：A 41 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 解析：根据上文的“Feeling motivated”可知，“我”受到了该朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励，开始定期(regularly)跑步。 43.A.asking B.looking C.waiting D.training 答案：D 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据下文的“a 52.4 mile double marathon”可知，该女生告诉“我”她在为一个52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛而进行训练(training)。 44.A.made B.believed C.hated D.deserved 答案：C 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据下文的“the pure boredom of jogging”及“...I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me”可知，“我”讨厌(hated)跑步。 45.A.advantage B.achievement C.contribution D.influence 答案：B 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据上文提到女生为52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛进行训练，而“我”最长的跑步距离才15英里可知，和她相比，“我”的成就(achievement)显得微不足道。 46.A.way B.risk C.place D.reason 答案：D 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据下文的“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me”可知，“我”下定决心，只有被狗追赶，“我”才会再次跑步，这是“我”再次跑步的唯一原因或理由(reason)。 47.A.gave up B.went on C.turned to D.dealt with 答案：C 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：由上文“我”讨厌跑步及下文的 cycling可知，“我”对跑步失去兴趣，改为(turned to)骑自行车。 48.A.heard B.dreamed C.complained D.approved 答案：B 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据上文的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”及下文的“entering cycle races”可知，“我”梦想着(dreamed of)参加自行车比赛。 49.A.painted B.borrowed C.bought D.parked 答案：B 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据上文的“While she was at work one day”可知，姐姐上班去了，“我”借(borrowed)她的自行车出去兜风。 50.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice 答案：A 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据下文的“The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的路穿过大山谷，所以“我”需要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，这是“我”遇到的问题(problem)。 51.A.dangers B.events C.opponents D.challenges 答案：D 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据上文的“The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，“我”从未遇到过这样的挑战(challenges)。 52.A.passed B.convinced C.admired D.stopped 答案：A 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据下文的“by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，当地自行车手习惯了在这种上坡路上骑行，所以此处指的是“我”被大约100名当地自行车手超过(passed)了。 53.A.reliable B.convenient C.familiar D.appealing 答案：D 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据上文“我”在上坡路上骑行遇到的挑战及被当地自行车手赶超可知，“我”应该很受挫，所以回家后觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力(appealing)了。 54.A.traveled B.matured C.missed D.worried 答案：B 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：通过“我”的两次经历及下文的“I’ve come to accept that...”可知，“我”应该是成熟了(matured)许多。 55.A.limits B.dates C.goals D.tests 答案：C 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 显示原文 41 解析：根据下文的“I set for myself，they just have to be my own”可知，此处指无论“我”为自己设定什么目标(goals)，都必须是(适合)我自己的目标。 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ v.激励 2. __________ n.无聊；厌倦；厌烦 3. __________ v.报名参加；进入 4. __________ vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得 5. __________ n.原则；原理；规范 6. __________ n.对手；反对者；竞争者 motivate boredom enter deserve principle opponent 7. __________ adj.有吸引力的 8. __________ v.变成熟 9.achieve vt.完成；达到→_____________ n.成就；功绩 10.complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→__________ n.抱怨；不满 11.approve vt.赞成；赞许；批准→__________ adj.赞成的，同意的→__________ n.赞成；赞许；批准→__________ vt.不赞成，反对 appealing mature achievement complaint approving approval disapprove (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 　I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements all my life.(folk基本义：adj.传统民间的；民俗的) __________ n.人们 24 (三)词块积累 1.deal with_____________ 2.refer to a 52.4 mile double marathon _________________________ 3.to be honest __________ 4.set a goal for oneself ____________________ 应付，处理 指52.4英里的双人马拉松 老实说 为自己设定一个目标 25 ①It’s true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves __________ (lose) her job.  ②He is a bad guy and he deserves______________________(punish).  ③无论一份工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着作用，所以值得我们尊重。 No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society and ___________________________.  1 deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；应得 (四)词汇精研 to lose to be punished/punishment therefore deserves our respect 26 deserve to do sth.应该做某事/值得做某事 deserve doing/to be done值得被做 deserve consideration/attention/a rest值得考虑/值得注意/应该休息 27 [注意]　deserve to be done与deserve doing意义相同，动名词的主动形式表被动意义，用法相同的单词还有need、want和require等。 28 ◎写作素材 deserve careful consideration值得认真考虑 one good turn deserves another好人有好报 ①I’m going to complain __________ the council about this! ②All the guests complained __________ the noise. ③We received a number of __________ (complain) from customers about the lack of parking facilities. ④我要向经理投诉他的服务。 I’m going to _____________________________________.  2 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚 to about/of complaints complain to the manager about his service 30 •complain about/of抱怨…… complain to...向……投诉 •complaint n.抱怨；不满 make a complaint about/of抱怨…… ◎写作素材 it’s no good complaining抱怨毫无用处 complain about the excessive noise 抱怨噪声太大 My niece wanted to associate with her boyfriend known online，but my sister didn’t approve ①__________ it.The girl was desperate for her mother’s ②__________ (approve) and asked me for help.However，I ③______________ (approve) of the dangerous relationship as well. 3 approve v.同意；批准；通过 of approval disapproved 33 ④如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。 →We would be grateful _____________________________.(approve)  →We would be grateful ______________________________________ __________. (approval)  if you could approve our proposal if you could give your approval to our proposal •disapprove v.不赞成，反对 approve of赞成，同意 •approval n.赞许；同意 give one’s approval to sth.批准某事 •approving adj.赞许的 ◎写作素材 will be submitted to the committee for official approval将送交委员会正式批准 not approve of me leaving school this year不同意我今年离校 give him an approving look对他投以赞许的目光 ①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal __________ a mass audience. ②The smell from the canteen was so __________ (appeal) that my stomach was growling. ③在演讲的最后，我呼吁大家尽自己的一份力量来保护我们的校 园。 At the end of my speech，I ___________________________________ to protect our schoolyard.  4 appeal v.呼吁，恳请；上诉；有吸引力 n.呼吁；吸引力；上诉 to appealing appeal to everyone to do your own part 37 •appeal to sb. for/to do...向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做…… appeal to sb.吸引某人；投某人所好 •make an appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.为某事向某人呼吁/恳求某人做某事 •appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的 ◎写作素材 appeal to a wide audience吸引了大批的听/观众 ①We discussed ways to deal __________ the problem. ②It’s a book __________ (deal) with the ancient history of China. ③I don’t know __________ to do with all the food that’s left over. ④事实上，我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。 →As a matter of fact，I don’t know ______________________ the problem.(deal with)  →In fact，I’m at a loss ______________________ the problem.(do with)  5 deal with处理；对付；论及；涉及；与……打交道；和……做生意 with dealing what how they will deal with what they will do with 40 deal with当“处理”讲时，常与how连用；do with sth.“处理某事”，常与what连用。 make a deal达成协议 a great/good deal大量；很多 a great/good deal of+不可数名词　大量的…… ◎写作素材 have something to do with computers与计算机有关系 take positive steps to deal with the problem采取积极措施处理这个问题 42 Part 2　句型 长难句分析 Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging，I decided that the only reason I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! [结构分析]　句子的主干为I decided that。 Between...and...为介词短语作状语，其中making my achievement seem small为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰the girl； that引导的宾语从句中，the reason (that)...表示“……的原因/理由”。 43 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 那个让我觉得自己的成就微不足道的女孩，加上让我感觉无聊的慢跑，让我决定以后再也不跑步了，除非有一条大 狗追着我跑! 44 Passage 2　完形填空(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　On Oct.11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.Melanie Bailey should have 　41　 the course earlier than she did. Her 　42　 came because she was carrying a 　43　 across the finish line.  42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 　44　 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She 　45　 to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 　46　. She couldn’t. Bailey then 　47　 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　48　 attention.  42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 Once there，Lenoue was 　49　 and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.She would have struggled with extreme 　50　to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.  As for Bailey，she is more 　51　 about why her act is considered a big 　52　.“She was just crying.I couldn’t 　53　 her，” Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”  42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 Although the two young women were strangers before the 　54　，they’ve since become friends.Neither won the race，but the 　55　 of human kindness won the day.  　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bailey在10月11日的越野赛中因为帮助一个对手而延误到达终点。虽然两人都没有赢得比赛，但Bailey的行为是人性善良的展示，它赢得了当天的胜利。 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 41.A.designed　　　　　 B.followed C.changed D.finished 答案：D 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据上文提到的成百上千的选手在越野赛中竞争可知，Bailey参加了比赛；根据下文的“earlier than she did”“across the finish line”可知，此处指Bailey本应该要早一点完成(finished)比赛的。should have finished...意思为“本应该完成……”。Design “设计”；follow“跟随”；change“改变”。故答案为D项。 42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse 答案：A 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据“because she was carrying a 　43　 across the finish line”以及下文描述可知，Bailey因为帮助竞争对手而耽搁 (delay)了。chance“机会”；trouble“困难”；excuse“借口”。故答案为A项。  43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor 答案：D 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据第二段内容可知，Bailey背着她的竞争对手(competitor)通过了终点线。judge“裁判员，法官”；volunteer“志愿者”；classmate“同学”。故答案为D项。 44.A.race B.school C.town D.training 答案：A 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据上文中的“more than two-thirds of the way”以及下文的“a runner in front of her”可推断，此处指她的比赛(race)。故答案为A项。 45.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised 答案：C 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据下文中的“to help her fellow runner”可知，此处指Bailey停下来(stopped)去帮助她的竞争对手。agree“同意”；return“返回”；promise“答应”。故答案为C项。 46.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice 答案：B 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据上文中的“Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward”可知，此处指Bailey抓着Lenoue的胳膊想看看在她的帮助(aid)下勒诺是不是可以向前走。courage“勇气”；patience“耐心”；advice“建议”。故答案为B项。 47.A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down 答案：D 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据下文中的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，此处是指Bailey弯腰(bent down)让Lenoue爬到她的背上。go away“离开”；stand up“起立”；step aside“站到一边，下台，让位”。故答案为D项。 48.A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal 答案：A 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据下文中的“Once there，Lenoue was 　49　 and later taken to a hospital”以及“that aid checkpoint”可知，Bailey把Lenoue背到一个她可以得到医疗处理(medical attention)的地方。public“公众的”；constant“不断的”；equal“平等的”。故答案为A项。  49.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated 答案：B 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据下文中的“that aid checkpoint”可知，这个地方是进行医疗处理的地方，再根据“later taken to a hospital”可知，Lenoue在这里先接受评估(assessed)，然后被送往医院。interrupt“打断”；identify“识别”；appreciate“感激”。 50.A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness 答案：B 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据上文中的“crying in pain”以及“she had serious injuries in one of her knees”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue会在极度疼痛(pain)中挣扎着到达那个医疗检查点。tiredness“疲劳”。故答案为B项。 51.A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged 答案：C 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据下文中的“why her act is considered a big 　52　”以及“I feel...the right thing”可知，Bailey是很疑惑的(confused)。worried“担心的”；ashamed“羞愧的”；discouraged“泄气的”。故答案为C项。  52.A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal 答案：D 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据下文中Bailey对记者说的话可以推断出，Bailey对其他人认为她的行为是一件重要的大事(a big deal)很不理解。故答案为D项。 53.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand 答案：A 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据上文中的“to help her fellow runner”以及“She was just crying”可知，这里是指Bailey不能丢下(leave)她。cure“治愈”；bother“打扰”。 54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show 答案：C 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据上文内容可知，她们两个在这个比赛(meet)之前是不认识的。ride“骑行”；test“测试”；show“演出”。故答案为C项。 55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange 答案：B 显示原文 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47 41 解析：根据全文的叙述可知，这里指的是Bailey的行为是人性善良的展示(display)，它赢得了当天的胜利。benefit“益处”；exchange“交换”。故答案为B项。 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ v.理解；感谢；欣赏 2.equal adj.相等的；相同的→__________ adv.同样地；同等地 →__________ n.平等 3.bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→__________ adj.担心的；烦恼的 appreciate equally equality bothered (二)词块积累 1.all the way __________________________________ 2.make it ___________________________________ 3.as for __________ 自始至终；一直；(强调距离)一路 (经历艰难困苦后)成功；(及时)到达 至于 ①I appreciate _____________ (give) this opportunity.  ②We really appreciated __________ when she offered to help. ③He expressed his ______________ (appreciate) for their help. ④(普通表达)I would thank you for coming to attend my wedding ceremony. (高级表达)I would ___________________________ to attend my wedding ceremony.(it作形式宾语)  1 appreciate vt.感激；欣赏 (三)词汇精研 being given it appreciation appreciate it if you could come 66 •appreciate (sb.) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。 •appreciation n.欣赏；感激；感谢 67 ◎写作素材 appreciate someone’s concern/support感谢某人的关心/支持 appreciate what you have珍惜你拥有的 appreciate being invited to the party感激被邀请参加聚会 one’s appreciation of literature一个人的文学修养 68 ①I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child，but as __________ equal. ②__________ (equal) important is that you should pay attention to the balance of ecology. ③No one can equal him __________ sports；that is to say，he is __________ equal in sports in my class. ④我确信我能胜任这个职位，因为我曾经做过导游。 I am sure _________________________ because I have ever worked as a tour guide.  2 equal adj.相等的；相同的n.同等的人；相等物v.(在大小、数字、数量上)与……相等，等于；比得上 an Equally in without I am equal to this position 69 •be equal to (doing) sth.等于/胜任(做)某事 equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过某人/物 be without equal无与伦比 •equality n.平等；相等 equally adv.相等地；公平地 ◎写作素材 treat every student equally平等地对待每个学生 want freedom，justice and equality 想要自由、正义和平等 ①Don’t bother ______________ (get) dinner for me.  ②He is never bothered __________ his children. ③__________ bothers me to tell people what the movie is about because I feel so ridiculous. ④I don’t want to put him __________ any bother，so I try doing it by myself. ⑤一想到她一个人在那所大房子里，我就很烦恼。 ______________ to think of her alone in that big house.  3 bother vt.& vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼；打扰，烦扰n.不便；烦心的人或事 to get/getting about It to It bothers me 72 •bother to do/doing sth.费心做某事 bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人 It bothers sb.(that)...使某人苦恼的是…… put sb.to bother 给某人添乱 •bothered adj.烦恼的，感到厌烦的 be bothered (about sb./sth.) 认为(某人/某事)重要；关心(某人/某事) ◎写作素材 don’t want to put you to any bother不想给你添乱子 get yourself into a spot of bother让自己遇上了点麻烦 don’t sound too bothered about it听起来并不十分担心这事 Part 2　句型 句型精析 She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.如果没有贝莉的帮助，她本会非常痛苦地挣扎到援助检查站。  [句型公式]　本句是对过去事实的虚拟，without可以用but for来代替。 ①Without diverse creatures and plants，our globe __________ (be) less interesting.  ②Mr. Brown gave me a helping hand.Otherwise，I would __________ (get) into great trouble.  ③But __________ your advice，I would have no way to deal with the problem. ④如果不是膝盖受伤，他将参加今天的篮球赛。 But for a knee injury，_______________________________________ __________.  would be have got for he would take part in the basketball match today •without引导含蓄虚拟语气的句子时既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。 •有类似用法的还有：with、otherwise/or(否则)、but for(要不是)等。 ◎写作素材 But for the careful preparation，our project wouldn’t have progressed so smoothly.要是没有精心的准备，我们的项目不会进展得这么顺利。 第二组 Passage 1　完形填空(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，改编) 　　My life as a tax-paying employed person began in high school，when，for three whole days，I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries，which，at Spring Festival，　21　 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 　22　 throughout Cleveland.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 　23　help during our spring break，for which I had no　24　 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 　25　 minimum wage.I’d see how a factory 　26　.My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 　27　.  22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 Our 　28　 in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing (糖霜) ears.Apply icing eyes and nose. 　29　 bunny from the belt.This was 　30　 than it sounds. 　31　 a bit and the cakes pile up.As I told my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 　32　.  Dad 　33　.The son of a grocer，he’d spent the summers of his childhood 　34　 food in Bernardsville，New Jersey.This was the sort of work that made you 　35　 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work，he told me.  22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者第一次假期打工的经历，从中他深刻地体会到了工作的不易，同时也获得了一些有益的经验。 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 21.A.sold　　　　　　　 B.ordered C.made D.reserved 答案：C 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据第一段的内容可知，“我”的纳税工作生涯始于高中，那时“我”在一家烘焙厂工作了整整三天。显然设空处表示在春节时“我”朋友父亲的工厂就会做(make)小兔子蛋糕。故选C。sell卖；order预定；reserve保留；预定；贮备，均不符合文章的意思。 22.A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens 答案：A 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据文章的内容可知，“我”朋友父亲的工厂会把生产的蛋糕送到 Cleveland 的所有商店(stores)去出售。 23.A.generous B.financial C.technical D.temporary 答案：D 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据设空处后的during our spring break可知，这家烘焙工厂需要的只是临时工。而generous大方的，慷慨的；financial经济的；technical技术的，均不符合文章的意思。 24.A.plans B.problems C.excuses D.hobbies 答案：A 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据此句的意思，在春假的时候，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，除了听“我”最喜欢的唱片，可推断“我”没有别的计划(plan)。problem 问题；excuse 借口，原谅；hobby 爱好。 25.A.offer B.earn C.set D.suggest 答案：B 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据上下文的语境可判断出，“我”可以挣(earn)最低工资。 26.A.worked B.closed C.developed D.survived 答案：A 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据文章的语境，可知“我”将看看工厂是如何运作的(work)。close关闭；develop发展；survive生存。 27.A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation 答案：B 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据此句的意思可知，“我”的父母觉得这是个好主意，就打电话给Betsy的爸爸，征得他们的同意(permission)。而ambition雄心；志气；抱负；experience 经验；经历；invitation邀请，均不符合文章的意思。 28.A.joys B.ideas C.roles D.choices 答案：C 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据下文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears.Apply icing eyes and nose.”可推断出，“我们”在工厂的任务(role)很简单。 29.A.Save B.Keep C.Stop D.Remove 答案：D 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据设空处前的“Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing ears.Apply icing eyes and nose.”可知，“我们”是在传送带上把小兔子蛋糕移开 (remove)。其他选项均不符合文章的意思。 30.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper 答案：A 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据此句的意思，此处表示“这比听起来要艰难 (harder)多了”。 31.A.Calm down B.Slow down C.Stay on D.Move on 答案：B 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据下文中的the cakes pile up表示“蛋糕就会堆起来”，显然这是速度慢下来(slow down)的原因。而calm down 平静下来；stay on 继续；坚持；move on继续前进，均不符合文章的意思。 32.A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered 答案：C 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据上下文语境可知，此处表示比“我”所预料(expect)的有更多的压力。 33.A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused 答案：B 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据上下文语境可知，显然“我”的父亲会笑着(smile)告诉“我”一些道理。 34.A.tasting B.finding C.sharing D.delivering 答案：D 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据此句的意思，此处表示杂货店老板的儿子在Bernardsville 分送 (deliver)食物。 35.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate 答案：D 显示原文 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 21 解析：根据此句的意思，他告诉“我”，这种工作能让你珍惜(appreciate)自己赚的钱，并尊重那些做这些工作的人。而withdraw收回，撤退，撤销；donate 捐赠；receive 接到，收到，均不符合文章的语境。 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ adj.暂时的，临时的 2. __________ adj.最低的，(数量)极少的 3. __________ adj.[非正式用语]极好的 4. _____________ adj.非常紧张的，压力大的 5. __________ n.杂货店；杂货商 6. __________ vt.贴；固定；附上 temporary minimum grand high-pressure grocer attach 7. __________ prep.在整个期间，自始至终 8.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取→__________ n.撤回；收回；退出 9.deliver v.递送；传送；分娩→__________ n.递送；配送；分娩 10.generous adj.无私的；慷慨的→__________ adv.慷慨地→__________ n.大方；宽宏大量 11.finance n.金融；财政→__________ adj.金融的；财政的 12.permit v.允许，准许，许可→____________ n.许可，允许 13.invite v.邀请→invitation n.邀请；邀请函→__________ adj.诱人的，有魅力的 throughout withdrawal delivery generously generosity financial permission inviting (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 1.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(plant基本义：v.种植n.植物)________ (beyond基本义：prep.超出；超过) ______________________ 2.Apply icing eyes and nose.(apply基本义：v.应用；申请) ___________________ 3.This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work，he told me.(appreciate基本义：v.欣赏；感谢；理解) ________________ n.工厂 prep.除……之外 v.涂，敷；用手压 v.珍惜，重视 99 (三)词块积累 1.remove bunny from the belt __________________________ 2.slow down _______________________ 3.pile up ____________________ 从传送带上取下兔子蛋糕 (使)放慢，(使)减速 (使)堆积，(使)成堆 100 ①This hospital __________ (attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood. ②Honestly speaking，a lot of people attach great importance _______ becoming rich and famous. ③(普通表达)Many of us teenagers think our phones are much more important than our friends. (高级表达)Many of us teenagers _______________________________ our phones than to our friends.  1 attach vt.贴；固定；附上；系上；重视vi.与……有联系 (四)词汇精研 attached to attach much more importance to 101 attach sth.to...把某物连接到/附在……上 attach oneself to依附……；缠着…… attach importance/significance/value to...重视……；认为……重要/有意义/有价值 be attached to被连接到……；爱慕；附属于 102 ◎写作素材 contact us on the attached form参照所附表格联系我们 attach labels to the boxes 给盒子贴上标签 do not attach any blame to you 你一点责任也没有 103 ①Thank you very much for your quick __________ (deliver) and support. ②China delivered more food __________ southern Somalia. ③(普通表达)She is going to give a lecture on genetic engineering. (高级表达)She is going to _________ a lecture on genetic engineering. 2 deliver vi.& vt.递送；传送；发表；向……交出；接生 delivery to deliver 104 •deliver sth.to把某物投递/传送/运送到 •delivery n.递送；发言；接生 ◎写作素材 deliver goods/newspapers送货/报纸 deliver a message 带信；传话 deliver a baby接生孩子 the delivery of public services提供公共服务 Part 2　句型 长难句分析 1.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records. [结构分析]　本句为“It happened that...”句型，意为“碰巧，恰好……”；for which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的spring break。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 碰巧在我们放春假的时候，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这个假期我除了听听我最喜爱的唱片，也没什么计划。 2.This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work，he told me. [结构分析]　本句是一个复合句。主干部分是This was the sort of work；that引导定语从句修饰先行词the sort of work，这个定语从句中又包含两个定语从句，第一个是省略了关系代词that或者which的定语从句you earned，修饰先行词the dollars；第二个是由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those。 [尝试翻译]　______________________________________________ ____________________________ 他告诉我，这样的工作会让你珍惜自己挣来的钱，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。 Passage 2　阅读理解(2020·天津卷·B) 　　“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue (塑像) of me—is that correct，Miss Vinnie Ream?” The deep，gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter，especially for a seventeen-year-old girl. “Yes，sir，” she replied，her dark eyes meeting his.“I wouldn’t have dared to ask you，but my teacher，Mr.Mills，says I am ready.I plan to make it in an admirable manner.” President Lincoln smiled.“Painters，sculptors—they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face，but I’m afraid there’s not much hope.What did you have in mind，Miss Ream? A bust (半身像)?” Before Vinnie could say yes，the President hurried on，a shade of apology in his voice.“Of course—I shouldn’t have asked.A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size.” Vinnie’s face turned red.She realized she looked like a child，with her tiny figure.“Small does not mean weak，sir，” she defended herself.“I was born in the country of Wisconsin.I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water.Making a full-length clay (黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do!” The President’s eyes brightened at her show of spirit.“Sorry，madam，I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background.” But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers，in thought. “Miss Ream，” he sighed，“I’d like to let you do it，but as you know，we are in the middle of a war.How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself.” Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office.“I work quickly，” she said.Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows.“If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon，I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”  The President seemed to consider her idea seriously.He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly，“I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman，and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.I cannot make my decision immediately，but you will hear from me soon.” The very next day，Vinnie received an invitation from the President. 113 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的女孩请求为林肯总统塑雕像的故事。总统一开始持怀疑态度，但女孩用自己的毅力和智慧打动了总统，总统同意了女孩为其塑雕像。 41.What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln? A.Her aggressive personality. B.Mr.Mills’s encouraging remark. C.President Lincoln’s gentle voice. D.Her interest in a challenging job. 答案：B 41 42 43 44 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“I wouldn’t have dared to ask you，but my teacher，Mr.Mills，says I am ready.”可知，女孩本来不敢向President Lincoln提出请求，是她的老师给了她勇气，故选B项“Mills先生鼓励的话”。 41 42 43 44 42.How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie’s request? A.Pleased.　　　　　 B.Thrilled. C.Regretful. D.Doubtful. 答案：D 41 42 43 44 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size.”可知，President Lincoln认为，对女孩这种(小)体形的年轻女性来说，全身式雕像是太大的一项工程。由此推断，总统最初对女孩能否完成这项工作是持怀疑态度的，故选D项doubtful“感到怀疑的”。pleased满意的；thrilled非常兴奋的，极为激动的；regretful遗憾的。 41 42 43 44 43.Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting ________.  A.her experience from other projects B.her innocent childhood in the country C.the heavy labor she had done before D.the skill she picked up in Wisconsin 答案：C 41 42 43 44 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段倒数第二句“I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water.”可知，女孩向President Lincoln说明自己以前赶过马队，提过水。由此可知，女孩是通过强调她以前做过的重体力活(the heavy labor she had done before)来证实自己有能力制作一尊全身式雕像，故选C项。 41 42 43 44 44.Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to ________.  A.achieve effects of natural lighting B.keep all her tools within easy reach C.observe the President at a right angle D.avoid disturbing the President’s work 答案：D 41 42 43 44 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第二句“‘I work quickly，’she said.”和最后一句“...I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”可知，女孩向President Lincoln表明她工作起来非常快，在总统坐在书桌旁时她就能完成大部分工作。再结合上文总统说自己没时间摆姿势来让女孩做雕塑可推断，她选择窗户附近的角落是为了不打扰总统工作，故选D项。 41 42 43 44 45.What message does the story convey? A.A strong-willed soul can reach his goal. B.Experience helps to promote excellence. C.Ups and downs make one strong. D.Devotion requires enthusiasm. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。文章讲述的是一个女孩通过自己的坚持，最终使得总统同意她为其制作雕像的故事。由此判断，A项“A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.(意志坚强的人能达到目标)”是故事要传达的信息。B、C、D三项都没有表达出女孩坚持不懈的优秀品质。“Experience helps to promote excellence.”意为“经验有助于促进卓越”；“Ups and downs make one strong.”意为“跌宕起伏使人坚强”；“Devotion requires enthusiasm.”意为“奉献需要热情”。 Part 1　词汇 (一)词汇识记 1. __________ adj.随意的 2. __________ v.使闪亮；使快乐 3. __________ v.逐渐消失；消退；衰退 4. __________ v.注意；留意 5. __________ vt.(故意)避开 6. __________ adj.极小的；微小的；微量的 casual brighten fade note avoid tiny 7. __________ vt.计划，打算，想要 8. __________ v.一瞥；扫视；浏览 9. __________ v.考虑；认为；觉得 10. __________ v.强调；突出；使显著 11. __________ n.人像，人形；数字 v.是……的部分；计算(数量或成本)；认为 intend glance consider highlight figure (二)熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的词性和汉语意思) 1.The deep，gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.(calm基本义：adj.平静的；镇静的)________________ 2.“Small does not mean weak，sir，” she defended herself.(defend基本义：v.保护，保卫) ______________ vt.使平静下来 v.辩护；辩解 127 (三)词块积累 1.make the best of __________ 2.a shade of apology in his voice ____________________________ 3.ups and downs ______________ 4.exhaust my strength ________________ 充分利用 他的声音里带着少许的歉意 起伏；沉浮 耗尽我的力量 128 ①I intended ______________ (visit) him，but I was afraid I would disturb him.  ②We are happy to see that many laws _______ (intend) for protecting the young kids from the bad effects of the Internet have been made. ③He apologized for his comments and said he had no __________ (intend) of offending the community. ④我父母本来打算买一辆新卡车，但没有足够的钱。 My parents ________________________________________________ _______________ but couldn’t get enough money to afford it.  1 intend vt.计划；打算；想要 (四)词汇精研 to visit/visiting intended intention had intended to buy a new truck/intended to have bought a new truck 129 •intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth.(=intended to have done sth.)本打算做某事(但事实上没做) be intended for/to do sth.旨在，预定……用途；为……打算(或设计)的 •intention n.目的；意图；打算 have no intention of doing sth.无意做某事 130 ◎写作素材 be intended to improve the company’s image 旨在提高公司的形象 completely misunderstand her intentions 完全误会了她的意图 131 ①Aunt Eliza is considering __________ (buy) us a novel which is considered _______ (be) one of the most influential ones to teenagers.  ②Have you considered how _____________ (improve) the appearance of our products?  ③After much _____________ (consider)，I have decided to exhibit my favourite childhood book. ④考虑到一切，他们变得更加自信，继续他们的研究。 ________________________________，they became more confident and went on with their research.  2 consider v.考虑，斟酌；认为，把……看作 buying to be to improve consideration Taking everything into consideration 132 •consider doing sth.考虑做某事 consider sb./sth.(to be)+adj./n.认为某人/某事 consider+疑问词+to do (sth.) 考虑……做(某事) consider+宾语+adj./n.把……看作……，认为……是…… •consideration n.考虑；体谅 take ...into consideration把……考虑在内；顾及…… under consideration 正在考虑之中 ◎写作素材 consider going to the city center for the fashion show 考虑去市中心参加时装秀 consider me as their best friend 把我当成他们最好的朋友 Part 2　句型 长难句分析 If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon，I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk. [结构分析]　本句中if引导条件状语从句，使用了虚拟语气；主句中while引导时间状语从句。 [尝试翻译]　_________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 如果我把我的黏土带到这里，每天下午工作三个小时，我就能在你办公的时候完成工程的大部分。 基础知识达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.(教材改编，人教选必一U1)Those who work tirelessly behind the scenes often go unnoticed，in spite of their great ________________ (achieve). 2.(教材原句，北师大必修三U9)Jemima Gryaznov thinks people remember things that have strong sentimental __________ (attach). 3.We offer customers a free home __________ (deliver) service. achievements attachment delivery 4.My English teacher attaches great importance __________ good pronunciation，which is of benefit to remembering words in the long run. 5.In my opinion，the young man is equal __________ the job on account of his creativity. 6.I would appreciate __________ if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems. 7.Every new shirt in this department store has a price label attached __________ it. to to it to 8.The couple walked along the only path __________ (extend) as far as the riverside. 9.Up to now that country has transformed from a backward agricultural country __________ an advanced industrial country. 10.Over the past ten years，our country has made __________ (admire) achievements in space exploration. extending into admirable Ⅱ.完成句子 1.The program was set up ___________________________________ (带着帮助无家可归的人的目的).  2. ___________________________________________ (就我的问题我不想打扰你) because I am doing quite well.  3.He ________________ (被录取) Tsinghua University and majored in ENAC.  4.Parents _______________________________ (认为教育很重要). They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.  with the intention of helping the homeless I don’t want to bother you about/with my problem was admitted to attach great importance to education Ⅲ.完形填空 　　(教材改编，人教必修三U2)“Life is precious.And if people 　1　 me with their life，how could I refuse that trust，saying I’m cold，hungry，or tired?” These words of Dr.Lin Qiaozhi give us a(n) 　2　 into the heart of this amazing woman，and what carried her through a life of hard choices.  1 2 3 4 5 6 As a five-year-old girl，Lin Qiaozhi was deeply 　3　 by her mother’s death. At age 18，instead of 　4　 the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to work and study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother 　5　，thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”Later，she went on to study medicine as she had wished.  1 2 3 4 5 6 In 1929，Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship，the highest 　6　 given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.  1 2 3 4 5 6 1.A.encounter B.deserve C.entrust D.engage 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据此句意思，如果人们把他们的生命委托(entrust)给我，我怎么能说我冷、饿或累来拒绝这种信任呢?故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 2.A.affection B.look C.shift D.fund 答案：B 解析：根据此句意思Lin Qiaozhi大夫的这些话让我们看到(look)了这位奇女子的内心。故选B。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 3.A.dragged B.attacked C.stuck D.affected 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，作为一个5岁的女孩，Lin Qiaozhi对母亲的去世深感悲痛。affect“使(某人)深有感慨，打动”，故选D。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 4.A.following B.mixing C.advocating D.promising 答案：A 解析：根据此句意思应是遵循(following)传统的婚姻道路，故选A。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 5.A.smiled B.complained C.agreed D.warned 答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，考虑到高昂的学费，她的兄弟对于她继续上学这件事应该是持“抱怨”(complain)的态度，故选B。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.A.aid B.score C.prize D.faith 答案：C 解析：根据上文内容，八年后，Lin Qiaozhi从北京协和医学院(PUMC)毕业，并获得了“文海”奖学金。可知，设空处表示的是“文海”奖学金(prize)这个奖项，故选C。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 写作能力提升 话题写作——应用文增分练 Step 1　写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子) ①不久前的一天，一个偏远地区遭遇了洪灾。 ________________，a remote area was hit by floods.  ②很多人为困境中的人们捐款。 Many people __________________________________.  ③很多志愿者也参与到救援工作中。 Many ___________________________ the rescue work.  The other day donated money to the people in need volunteers also participated in ④他们认为做志愿工作是一件非常有意义的事。 They think that _________________________________________.  ⑤还有些人为他们购买了必需品。 Some other people ____________________ for them.  ⑥衣服和毯子很快被分发给了灾区的人们。 Clothes and blankets _________________ the people in the disaster area.  doing voluntary work is a very meaningful thing purchased necessities were distributed to ⑦很多医生也被派去给伤者做手术。 Many doctors ____________________________ the injured.  ⑧事实上，大家都渴望为他们做点什么。 Actually，everyone __________________ something for them.  were also sent to operate on was dying to do Step 2　表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级) ①用定语从句升级句② Many people donated money to the people who were in need.  ②用“not only...but also...”倒装结构合并升级⑥⑦句 Not only were clothes and blankets distributed to the people in the disaster area，but many doctors were also sent to operate on the injured.  _____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3　衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) 　　The other day，a remote area was hit by floods.Many people donated money to the people who were in need and many volunteers also participated in the rescue work because they think that doing voluntary work is a very meaningful thing.Some other people purchased necessities for them.Not only were clothes and blankets distributed to the people in the disaster area，but many doctors were also sent to operate on the injured.Actually，everyone was dying to do something for them.  ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 读后续写——素材语料积累 【情感细节描写：感激与感动】 单词 gratitude；appreciation；thank；move； touch； appreciate；thankful；grateful；moved；touched； thankfully； gratefully 词块 shed tears of gratitude 流下感激的泪水；be moved to tears 感动得落泪；have a deep sense of gratitude towards 对……深怀感激；with gratitude/appreciation 感激地；owe sb.a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人；be deeply moved/touched by...被……深深感动 句型 Touched/Moved deeply，the crowd clapped their hands loudly.(非谓语动词作状语) 人群深受感动，大声鼓掌。 Knowing what had happened，Peter’s mother shed tears of joy and gratitude.(非谓语动词作状语) 知道事情的经过后，彼得的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。 But the passers-by just smiled warmly.A feeling of warmth swept over Peter on the cold day.(无生命名词作主语) 但路人只是温和地笑了笑。彼得在寒冷的天气里感到一阵暖意。 句型 With grateful tears/tears of gratitude hanging in/flooding/welling up in his eyes，he thanked the passer-by with a lump in his throat，“Thank you so much!”(with复合结构) 他眼里含着感激的泪水，哽咽着感谢这个路人，“太感谢你了!” 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A 　　Lexie Alford，21，said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country. Though her achievement is yet to be confirmed by the Guinness Book of World Records，Alford said she had been to 196 countries. While her adventures may have looked attractive and exciting on her social media account，Alford faced various difficulties such as visa rejections，financial struggles，and health issues like malaria (疟疾) and food poisoning. For most people，the barrier to seeing the world is lack of money，but Alford managed to fund her travels largely on her own. She started working multiple jobs and saving everything she had earned since she was 12 years old. Additionally，her mother owns a travel agency and it has helped her find the best deals and book ahead of time，contributing to significant savings on flights and hotels. As a solo (独自的) female traveler，Alford prioritized safety when deciding how long to stay in a country，in addition to budget and personal interest. She spent over a month in countries like Egypt and Switzerland，where there was so much she could do and there were ways to make those trips financially reasonable.Then there are some countries like Mali，South Sudan，and Somalia which she would have loved to spend more than a few days exploring，but unfortunately she didn’t have the budget to take the proper security precautions (预防措施) necessary to travel throughout those countries safely.Despite experiencing intense loneliness at times，Alford thinks that solo travel is a rewarding experience that everyone should have at least once in their lives. After her travels，Alford now believes that every problem has a solution if you work hard enough.There are also a lot of sacrifices you have to make if you want to travel the world，but if it’s something you’re truly passionate about，it only takes courage to pursue it. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了21岁的Alford如何通过自己的努力和母亲的旅行社的帮助，实现环球旅行的梦想以及在旅行中如何平衡个人的安全、预算和兴趣等问题。 1.Which word can best describe Alford’s journeys to 196 countries? (　　) A.Pleasant.　　　　 B.Costly. C.Eventful. D.Romantic. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“...Alford faced various difficulties such as visa rejections，financial struggles，and health issues like malaria and food poisoning.”可知，Alford的旅行经历充满了丰富多彩的事件和挑战，因此用eventful (充满大事的)概括非常贴切。 2.How did Alford finance travel expenses?(　　) A.By securing free flights and hotel stays. B.By managing her mother’s travel agency. C.Through her earnings and savings. D.Through the support from her parents. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She started working multiple jobs and saving everything she had earned since she was 12 years old.”可知，Alford主要通过做多种工作存钱和节约开支来支付旅行费用。earnings是earned的同义替换；savings是saving的同义替换。 3.What made Alford only spend a few days in countries like Mali? (　　) A.A lack of interest in their attractions. B.Limited funds for safety measures. C.Intense loneliness during solo travel. D.Difficulty in communicating with locals. 1 2 3 4 B 解析：细节理解题。根据题干关键词Mali定位到第三段，由第三句“Then there are some countries like Mali...but unfortunately she didn’t have the budget to take the proper security precautions necessary to travel throughout those countries safely.”可知，在像马里这样的国家旅行时，Alford没有足够的预算来采取必要的安全预防措施，因此只能逗留几天。funds是budget的同义替换。 1 2 3 4 4.What does Alford consider crucial to world travel after her journeys? (　　) A.Rich experience. B.Safety awareness. C.Spirit of adventure. D.Genuine enthusiasm. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“There are also a lot of sacrifices you have to make if you want to travel the world，but if it’s something you’re truly passionate about，it only takes courage to pursue it.”可知，Alford认为真正的热爱是实现环游世界的关键。genuine enthusiasm是truly passionate的同义替换。 B 　　(2024·浙江杭州教学质检) Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer this question，we need to ask a further question：What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity，people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.The first view involves dominance and power.In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness，Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who forgive are against their basic nature，much to their harm.In his opinion，forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others，who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation，mutual respect，and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings，we need both to receive love from and offer love to others.Without love，our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.For example，how well has slavery (奴隶制) worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans，forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness，shown through scientific studies，is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to an extent，the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments.Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note，when we take a classical Realism philosophical perspective，that of Aristotle，we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality.We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive，but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving，its actual application in conflict situations，develops with practice. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章从人性的角度讲述了两种关于原谅的观点，说明了原谅的好处，并告诉读者原谅是可以通过训练提升的。 5.What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness?(　　) A.People should offer mercy to others. B.Aggressive people should learn to forgive. C.Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D.People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In his opinion，forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others，who might then take advantage of them.”可知，Droll认为原谅别人的人在宽恕他人的时候，也在损害自己的幸福，而被宽恕的人可能会利用他们。故D项正确。 6.What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate?(　　) A.To forgive is to love. B.To dominate is to harm. C.To fight is to grow. D.To give is to receive. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：推理判断题。举例是为了说明例子前面的观点或概念。根据第二段中for example前的“Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.”可知，支配他人的意志并不能促成和谐的互动。由此可以推断，作者举奴隶制的这个例子是为了说明“支配他人就是伤害”。故B项正确。 5 6 7 8 7.What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness?(　　) A.Favorable. B.Reserved. C.Objective. D.Skeptical. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“one of the outcomes of forgiveness，shown through scientific studies，is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger...Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.”和第四段中的“We are not necessarily...with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.”可知，作者认为原谅可以减少仇恨，恢复和谐，打破愤怒的循环，愈合关系，将人们再次联系在一起，且人们应该学习原谅并提升原谅的能力。由此可知，作者对原谅持支持的态度，故A项正确。 176 8.What is the message of the last paragraph?(　　) A.Forgiveness is in our nature. B.Forgiveness grows with time. C.It takes practice to forgive. D.Actuality is based on potentiality. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are not necessarily...with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving...develops with practice.”可知，我们不一定天生就有原谅的能力，但我们有潜力学习原谅并提升我们原谅的能力，原谅是随着练习而发展的。由此可知，本段主要说明原谅是可以通过练习提升的，故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了有志同道合的伙伴可以带来的好处。 179 LIKE-MINDED MATES 　　It’s fun to spend time with people who have similar interests to you.Friendships based on mutual passions enable you to indulge (沉溺) in the things you enjoy doing while sharing your creativity and experiences with others.Here are some of the benefits you might discover. 　　(2024·新疆乌鲁木齐第一次质检) 180 ·A sense of belonging 1(　　).And having a place where you can explore and develop your creative self is fulfilling and energizing.Groups enable you to gain support，seek advice，and find inspiration.They can be a welcome break and somewhere to relax after a busy day.  A.Ideas and inspiration B.Opportunities to make new friends C.It gives a healthy balance between work and play D.By sharing what you’d like to achieve with others E.You may feel isolated joining a new group at first F.Meeting people with the same interests helps you obtain a feeling of being a part G.And watching others is a great way to view what you do from a fresh perspective 182 1.答案：F 解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段主要讲述有志同道合的伙伴会让你有归属感，F项“与有相同兴趣的人见面帮助你获得一种成为其中一部分的感觉”符合本段主题，故F项符合语境。 183 ·Chances to escape and recharge Taking part in activities that differ from those in your daily life is a good way to refocus and recharge.Time away from school is uplifting. 2(　　).Engaging in creative pursuits with others also helps you to be more mindful，meaning you’re more present in the moment and less likely to be thinking about the past or worrying about the future.  A.Ideas and inspiration B.Opportunities to make new friends C.It gives a healthy balance between work and play D.By sharing what you’d like to achieve with others E.You may feel isolated joining a new group at first F.Meeting people with the same interests helps you obtain a feeling of being a part G.And watching others is a great way to view what you do from a fresh perspective 185 2.答案：C 解析：根据空前的“学校之外的时间令人振奋”可知，下文应该会讲到原因，C项“它提供了工作和玩耍之间的健康平衡”可以充当原因，且C项中的It代指上文中的“Time away from school”，故C项符合语境。 186 ·3(　　) Talking through projects can help you to discover and develop new ideas.4(　　).You might uncover an innovative technique，a way to streamline your work.Creative groups enable you to experiment with things you might not have considered，exposing you to new modes of expression.  A.Ideas and inspiration B.Opportunities to make new friends C.It gives a healthy balance between work and play D.By sharing what you’d like to achieve with others E.You may feel isolated joining a new group at first F.Meeting people with the same interests helps you obtain a feeling of being a part G.And watching others is a great way to view what you do from a fresh perspective 188 3.答案：A 解析：段落主旨句。分析其他段落的主旨句可知，选项需要一个名词或名词词组，故答案锁定在A项和B项之间。结合本段中的“discover and develop new ideas”和“uncover an innovative technique...new modes of expression”可知，本段主要讲述了志同道合的伙伴可以激发你的新想法，故A项适合作本段的主旨句。 189 4.答案：G 解析：本段主要讲到了志同道合的伙伴可以激发你的新想法，所以G项“观察别人是从新的角度看待你的所作所为的好方法”符合语境。 190 ·Motivations Learning and growing with friends allows you to make more of your potential.Sharing a journey can give you a push forward if you become stuck.And the enthusiasm of others is a great motivator.5(　　)，everyone in the group can support each other，working towards your various goals.  A.Ideas and inspiration B.Opportunities to make new friends C.It gives a healthy balance between work and play D.By sharing what you’d like to achieve with others E.You may feel isolated joining a new group at first F.Meeting people with the same interests helps you obtain a feeling of being a part G.And watching others is a great way to view what you do from a fresh perspective 192 5.答案：D 解析：根据空后的逗号可知，本空需要一个短语或者状语从句，且根据空后的“团队里的每个人可相互支持，朝着你们不同的目标努力”可推知，此处应讲要与他人分享你的目标。故选D。 193 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 　　(2024·辽宁省教研联盟一模)Elderly people like to use technology to entertain themselves and keep in touch with friends.They don’t want to rely on anyone.Instead，they just hope to remain 1 ___________ (dependent).Plenty of time 2 __________ (spend) in finding out new things or writing down their experiences every day. Many social media sites 3 __________ (develop) for the younger generation are now being enjoyed by the elderly，too.“Our independent is spent developed granddaughter helped me set up 4 ______ social media profile，” one explained.“I soon found lots of people to chat 5 __________ and some invited me to join their online puzzle groups.6 _______ keeps my brain active to communicate with people online.” And for elderly people who may be unable to leave their homes without 7 _________ (assist)，communication with the outside world is essential to prevent loneliness and to allow them to call for help in many 8 ___________ (emergency). In Singapore，the elderly are even turning to robots to keep them in shape 9 __________ (physical).These robots not only lead daily workouts，10 _________ can provide senior citizens with feedback on their performance，as well as sending photos via social media.  a with It assistance emergencies physically but 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1：confirm v.证实 account n.账号 rejection n.拒绝 financial adj.财务的 poisoning n.中毒 Para.2：additionally adv.此外　 Para.3：prioritize v.优先考虑 核心短语 Para.2：contribute to是……的原因 Para.4：be passionate about酷爱…… B 篇 核心单词 Para.1：dominance n.优势，显著，支配地位 aggressive adj.好斗的，挑衅的 Para.3：integrity n.完整，完好；诚实正直 hatred n.仇恨，憎恨，厌恶 Para.4：perspective n.态度，观点，思考方法 派生词汇 Para.1：essence n.本质，实质，精髓→essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 simplicity n.简单(性)，容易(性)；简朴→simple adj.简单的→simplify v.使简化，使简易 Para.3：restoration n.恢复；修复→restore v.恢复(某种情况或感受)；使复原 Para.4：potentiality n.潜力，潜在的可能性→potential n.(人的)潜力 adj.潜在的，可能的 actuality n.事实，真实情况→actual adj.实际的，真实的 capacity n.容量，容积；领悟(或理解、办事)能力；职责；生产能力→capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的 熟词生义 Para.1：compromise 常用义：v.妥协，让步　文章义：v.损害 核心短语 Para.1：for the sake of为了……的缘故 Para.2：fall apart破裂，崩溃 长难句 分析 From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans，forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness，shown through scientific studies，is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.(Para.3) 分析：句中who引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语；because 引导原因状语从句，从句中shown...studies为过去分词短语作状语。 译文：从第二个观点来看，作为人类，原谅在个人和社区的生物和心理完整性中起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，原谅的结果之一是仇恨的减少和和谐的恢复。 $$