选修1 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS 主题语境　人际关系 1 【单元主题　创意背记】 板块一　词句背诵 重难点词汇 ◆五级词汇 million n.百万 背诵默写本 ◆四级词汇 humour n.幽默感(adj.humorous) 　a sense of humour幽默感 host vt.主办；做……的东道主 n.主人；主持人 emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的(emotion，emotionally) extremely adv.极度，极其(adj.extreme) practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的(n.practice) fuel n.燃料 lack vt.& vi.[不用于被动语态]缺乏，没有，短缺(adj.lacking) n.[U][常用单数]缺乏，不足(shortage) 　lack confidence/time缺少自信/时间 　for lack of因缺乏…… 　a/no lack of缺乏/不缺乏…… 　lack (for) nothing什么都不缺 behaviour n.行为，举止 access n.进入；接触的机会 　have/get/gain access to获取/进入/接近 worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的 handle vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt.(upset，upset)使生气，使心烦意乱 　be upset about/over/at sth.为某事心烦 　What upsets sb.is...让某人心烦的是…… ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的 　be/feel ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻 　be ashamed to do sth.羞于/耻于做某事 effective adj.有效的(反ineffective) ；生效的(n.effect) manner n.[pl.]礼貌，礼仪；[sing.]方式，方法；举止，态度 　in a...manner以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子 　It’s bad/good manners to do sth.做……是没有/有礼貌的 　table manners餐桌礼仪 app n.应用程序 flow n.流动 vi.流，流动 reality n.现实；真实 　in reality实际上 　turn...into a reality把……变为现实 　become a reality成为现实 delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期(put off) 　delay doing sth.推迟做某事 　without delay毫不延迟地，立即 bend vi.& vt.(bent，bent)弯腰；俯身 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚 (n.complaint) 　complain (to sb.) about/of (doing) sth.(向某人)抱怨(做)某事 appointment n.约定；约会(v.appoint) 　make an appointment with sb.与某人约会 　keep/break an appointment守约/违约 topic n.话题，题目 belong vi.应在(某处)；适应 　belong to 属于；是……的成员 ◆三级词汇 occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然 grateful adj.感激的，感谢的 　be grateful to sb.for sth.因某事感激某人 pour vt.灌，注，倒 　pour into 投入(倒)……于某物 intention n.意图，目的；打算 　with the intention of 抱有……的目的 sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的 　be sensitive to 对……敏感的 constantly adv.持续不断地 inch n.英寸 extraordinary adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 rude adj.无礼的 　be rude to sb.对某人无礼/粗鲁 approval n.赞许；同意(v.approve) 　meet with one’s approval得到某人的同意 defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫 　defend...against/from (doing...)保护……免受…… 　defend oneself自卫；为自己辩护 principle n.原则；行为准则 politics n.政治，政治活动(political，politician) motivation n.动力，积极性(v.motivate) ◆二级词汇 outgoing adj.外向的，好交际的 flu n.流行性感冒，流感 incredible adj.极好的；难以置信的 angle n.角 presentation n.报告；陈述，说明(v.present) drag vt.拖，拉 onion n.洋葱 preference n.偏爱，偏好(v.prefer) 　have a preference for偏爱…… raise vt.提出，提起 　raise money 募款 　raise one’s hand举手 　raise one’s voice提高声音 　raise questions提出问题 highlight vt.标出；突出显示 n.最精彩的场面/部分 dorm n.寝室，学生宿舍 deadline n.截止日期，最后期限 behalf n.代表…… 　on behalf of sb.代表某人 innovation n.革新，创新(innovate，innovative) *fluency n.流畅，熟练(fluent，fluently) engagement n.参与(v.engage) sincerely adv.真诚地，由衷地 　(yours) sincerely[用于正式信件末尾]敬上，谨上 contrast n.差异，差别 vt.形成对比 　in contrast to和……对比 ◆一级词汇 trait n.特性，品质 niece n.侄女，外甥女 nephew n.侄子，外甥 passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的 (n.passion) *triangle n.三角形 hydrogen n.氢 rocket n.火箭 acid n.酸 educationalist n.教育(学)家 *feedback n.反馈意见 demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的 *tense n.时态 *socialise vi.交友；交际；交往 laptop n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 *associate vt.与某人交往(n.association) 　associate with 与某人交往 barely adv.几乎不 reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的 wired adj.联网的；极其兴奋的 distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的 *obsess vt.使迷恋 mate n.朋友，伙伴 dominate vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制 scroll vi.上下滚动 19 stimulation n.刺激 chase vi.& vt.努力赢得 n.追逐，追赶 desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的(desperately，desperation) 　be desperate for sth.渴望某物 　be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事 　in desperate need of 非常需要 intense adj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的 (n.intensity) depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的 20 *chatter vi.唠叨，喋喋不休 　chatter away 喋喋不休 alcoholic n.酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.(含)酒精的 *booze n.酒 invitation n.邀请 　accept/turn down one’s invitation接受/拒绝某人的邀请 　decline one’s invitation谢绝某人的邀请 clarity n.清楚，清晰 progression n.发展，变化 unmotivated adj.不积极的，不主动的 21 核心短语与词块 1.for the first time 初次，第一次 2.pour into 投入(倒)……于某物 3.a couple of 一双，一对；几个，一些 4.used to 过去经常；曾经 5.associate with 与某人交往 6.obsess over对……过分担心 7.chatter away 喋喋不休 22 8.on behalf of sb.代表某人 9.so far 到目前为止，迄今为止 10.take up 占据 11.in contrast to 和……对比 12.an active and outgoing person一个活泼且外向的人 13.secondary education中等教育 14.an extremely beautiful place一个非常美丽的地方 15.lack courage缺乏勇气 23 16.drag and drop拖拽 17.a worthwhile trip 不虚此行的旅程 18.constantly put up information 连续发布信息 19.smooth traffic flow on the road 路上平稳的车流 20.could barely afford the fare几乎付不起车费 21.a faithful/lifelong mate忠实/终身的伴侣 22.in need of a deadline extension 需要延迟最后期限 重点句式表达 1.the first day引导时间状语从句 [教材原句]　The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored ... 第一天走进我的班级时，他的书包在身后拖着，一幅百无聊赖的样子…… 2.if only引导虚拟条件句 [教材原句]　Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时我想，要是我能给他打电话征求他的意见就好了! 3.否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装 [教材原句]　...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. ……她一次也没有抬起头去欣赏窗外的景色。 4.比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义 [教材原句]　But he’s also never felt more alone. 但他也从未感到如此孤单。 5.it作形式宾语 [教材原句]　According to research，over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”. 根据调查，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交友比在“现实生活”中更容易。 6.it＋be＋n.＋that从句 [教材原句]　But it’s no surprise that children have gotten good at finding ways to bypass its time limits and app restrictions. 但孩子们善于找到绕过时间限制和应用程序的方法不足为奇。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 一、核心词汇 1. ____________ adj.外向的，好交际的 2. ____________ adj.难以置信的；极好的 3. ____________ adv.极度，极其 4. ____________ vt.灌，注，倒 5. ____________ vt.缺乏 6. ____________ adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的 outgoing incredible extremely pour lack worthwhile 7. ____________ vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) 8. ____________ vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 9. ____________ vt.提出，提起 10. ____________ n.方式，方法 11. ____________ adj.敏感的；善解人意的 12. ____________ adv.持续不断地 13. ____________ vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制 14. ____________ n.截止日期，最后期限 handle upset raise manner sensitive constantly dominate deadline 15. ____________ vi.& vt.努力赢得n.追逐，追赶 16. ____________ adj.拼命的；绝望的 17. ____________ vi.& vt.推迟，延期 18. ____________ adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 19. ____________ n.原则；行为准则 20. ____________ n.差异，差别vt.形成对比 chase desperate delay extraordinary principle contrast 二、拓展词汇 1.humour n.幽默感→____________ adj.幽默的 2.passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的→____________ adv.热情地；强烈地→____________ n.热爱；热情 3.host vt.主办；做……的东道主n.主人；主持人→____________ n.女主人；女主持人 4.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的→__________ n.感激→___________ adv.感激地 humorous passionately passion hostess gratitude gratefully 31 5.access n.进入；接触的机会→____________ adj.易接近的；可达到的；易取得的 6.associate vt.与某人交往；联系→____________ adj.有联系的→____________ n.联系；协会；社团 7.distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→____________ v.转移；分散；分心→____________ n.使人分心的事物 8.intense adj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的→__________ n.强度；强烈 accessible associated association distract distraction intensity 32 9.depressed adj.情绪低落的，忧愁的，沮丧的；萧条的→____________ v.使抑郁；使萧条→____________ adj.令人忧愁 的，使人沮丧的→____________ n.抑郁症；消沉；萧条期 10.rude adj.无礼的→__________ adv.无礼地；粗鲁地→__________ n.粗野，无礼；粗陋 11.complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→____________ n.抱怨；不满 depress depressing depression rudely rudeness complaint 33 12.appointment n.约定；约会→__________ v.任命，委派；指定； 约定→____________ adj.约定的；指定的 13.organise vt.组织，筹划→____________n.组织者→____________ n.组织 14.defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→____________ n.保护，保卫 →____________ adj.防御(性)的；戒备的 15.politics n.政治，政治活动→____________ adj.政治的 →____________ n.政治家；政客 appoint appointed organiser organisation defence defensive political politician 34 Ⅱ.默写核心词块 1. ________________ 初次，第一次  2. ____________ 投入(倒)……于某物  3. ____________ 过去经常，曾经  4. ____________ 一些，几个；一双，一对  5. ____________ 到目前为止，迄今为止  6. _______________ 与某人交往  7. ____________ 对……过分担心  8. _______________ 代表某人  9. ____________ 占据  10. _____________ 和……对比  for the first time pour into used to a couple of so far associate with obsess over on behalf of sb. take up in contrast to 35 Ⅲ.完成课文佳句 1.I think it’s important to understand____________________________ _____________________.  我认为重要的是要明白，没有好学生或坏学生之分。 2.My friends try to drag me away from my phone，but as soon as I’m alone again，________________________________________ and the intense activity that it provides.  我的朋友们试图把我从手机旁拖开，但一旦我再次独自一人，我就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和它提供的激烈活动中。 that there’s no such thing as a good or a bad student I’m desperate to get back to the online world 3.Some spent the dinner bending over their phones，_______________ __________________________________________________.  一些人在晚餐时低头看手机，在网上给朋友发短信，却无视坐在他们面前的人。 4.Then you will discuss your notes with three other judges，and __________________________________________________.  然后，您要和其他三位评委一起讨论，并决定获得一等奖、二等奖和三等奖的选手。 texting friends online but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them come to a decision about who comes first，second and third 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors ____________ (access) to all. 2.(2024·浙江1月卷)When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago，right? The last time I used a phone box for its ___________ (intend) purpose was...2006. accessible intended 3.Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth ____________ (take). 4.Then all of a sudden，there was an ____________ (upset) knock on her front door. 5.Those who had held mentally stimulating (刺激)，____________ (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. taking upsetting demanding 6.One of her traits is that she has a sense of ____________ so she can explain much knowledge in a ____________ way.(humour) 7.Having a __________ for basketball，the ___________ boy watches every match ____________.(passion) 8.I’m ____________ to you and I’m writing to express my sincere ____________ for your timely help.(grateful) humour humorous passion passionate passionately grateful gratitude Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. ________________________ (由于缺乏人类保护)，the number of the Yangtze finless porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.  2.Now that you have ________________________ (与某人约会) your friend，you should _____________________ (守约).  3.Today I’d like to introduce a book to you which I like very much—The Five Thousand Years History，which ______________________ (属于历史书籍).  For lack of human protection made an appointment with keep the appointment belongs to history books 4.Sunday afternoons I ____________ (过去常常) greedily eat bowl after bowl of delicious rice pudding.  5.My niece wanted to travel around the world alone，but____________ ____________________ (我姐姐不同意).She____________________ ___________________ (渴望得到她妈妈的认可) and asked me for help. used to my sister didn’t approve of it was desperate for her mother’s approval Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1.开始上课意味着在不同的时间待在不同的地方，所以从这周开始习惯这种常规活动是个不错的主意。 Starting classes means being in different places at different times，so _______________________________________________________.  2.“___________________________________________(要是我在课 堂上不经常分心就好了).Only if______________________________ ____________ (我全身心投入学习中，我才能赶上) my classmates.” Jane thought，tears of regret flowing down her cheeks.  it’s a great idea to start getting used to that routine right this week If only I had not been constantly distracted in class I am devoted to my studies can I keep up with 43 3. ______________________________________ (她第一次写论文时)，her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas，but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought!   4. __________________________ (我从来没有这么生气过)，so no sooner ______________________ (他放开我) I rushed out of the door like an arrow.I swore to myself，“By no means ____________ (回来).”(倒装)  The first time that she had to write an essay Never had I been so annoyed had he let go of me than will I return 44 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 精读真题提素养 课时作业 45 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 (1)(a) lack of缺少…… for lack of因缺少…… (2)be lacking in在……方面缺乏 1.lack vt.缺乏；短缺；没有 n.缺乏；短缺 (shortage)→__________ adj.没有；缺乏 lacking ①(人教选必三)I often felt sleepy and dizzy，and ___________ (lack) passion.Most worrying，though，I got the flu easily and experienced many toothaches，too. ②____________ (lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business. lacked Lacking ③他们缺乏与他人交流的能力，因此在比赛中失败了。 →They _____________________________________，so they failed in the competition.(lack vt.)  →They ____________________________________________，so they failed in the competition.(lacking adj.)  →________________________________________，they failed in the competition.(分词短语作状语)  lacked the skill to communicate with others were lacking in the skill to communicate with others Lacking the skill to communicate with others (1)access to...……的通路；利用……的权利 have/get/gain/obtain access to...拥有/享有接近/进入……的权利或机会 (2)be accessible to 易接近的；能进入的 2.access n.进入；接触的机会；通道；机会，权利 (right，opportunity) vt.进入；获取(数据)；存取(计算机文件) →____________ adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；可到达的；易相处的 accessible ①Our young people should have the opportunities to pursue their careers and succeed.And our elderly people should have adequate access ____________ medical services and elderly care. ②Both say they want to write literary books that are ____________ (access) to a general audience. ③孩子们不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们看到的东西。 Kids _________________________________ because they might imitate the things they see.  to accessible shouldn’t have access to violent films (1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事 (2)be worthy (3)sth.be worth 3.worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的→__________ adj.值得；有价值→____________ adj.值得尊敬的；值得(或应得)的 worth worthy ①I don’t think it worthwhile __________________ (devote) so much time to discussing the matter.  ②他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。 →His suggestion put forward at the conference __________________. (worth)  →His suggestion put forward at the conference____________________ __________________________.(worthy)  →___________________________________ his suggestion put forward at the conference.(worthwhile)  to devote/devoting is worth considering is worthy of being considered/to be considered It is worthwhile considering/to consider (1)be upset by/about/at sth.为某事心烦 be upset that...对……感到不高兴 (2)What upsets sb.is that...让某人心烦的是…… It upsets sb.to do sth./that...做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是…… 4.upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt.(upset，upset，upsetting)使生气，使心烦意乱 (make sb.worry or feel unhappy)，打翻→____________ adj.令人心烦意乱的 upsetting ①(2024·九省联考) ________________________ (感到不安但不气馁)by this event，Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.  ②凯莉不理睬我，我心烦透顶，孤独如同潮水般涌来。 →Kelley just ignored me，_______________________.Loneliness began to flood in.(非限制性定语从句)  →______________________ Kelley just ignored me.Loneliness began to flood in.(what引导的主语从句)  Upset but not discouraged which made me upset What upset me was that (1)be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 be/feel ashamed of...对……感到惭愧/羞耻 (2)It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。 5.ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→__________ n.羞耻；羞愧感； 惭愧→____________ adj.可耻的；丢脸的→____________ adj.无耻的；不要脸的 shame shameful shameless ①It is ____________ shame that I made a couple of extremely silly mistakes in my class presentation. ②(外研必修三) _________________________ (尴尬又羞愧)，I can’t concentrate on anything.  ③I was so ____________ (shame) that I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife，tears clouding my eyes. →_____________________ I felt as if my heart had been pierced by a knife，tears clouding my eyes.(倒装句)  a Embarrassed and ashamed ashamed So ashamed was I that (1)in demand需求大 meet/satisfy one’s demand(s) for...满足某人对……的需求 (2)demand to do sth.要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth.要求……做某事 6.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的→____________ vi.& vt.强烈要求(say strongly that sb.must do sth.)；需要 n.要求；需求 demand ①I did jogging now and then，but it was so boring，so I changed to weightlifting.But it was so ____________ (demand)，and I was afraid of getting injured，so I went bike riding. ②It is a fact that those who speak English with fluency are _________ great demand in modern times. ③我要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。 I ___________________________ in the mountains._______________ ______________，my uncle demanded that______________________ _________________ in case we got lost.  demanding in demanded to take a horse ride To meet/satisfy my demand(s) my father and I (should) keep to the track (1)be desperate for sth.极想要某物，渴望得到某物 be desperate to do sth.极想做某事 (2)in desperation 绝望地 7.desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的→___________ n.绝望 desperation ①I know you have won many awards in robotics competitions，which assures me that you are the competent person whom we are desperate ____________. ②Finding all her belongings missing，the lady was in ____________ (desperate). ③Seeing the result of the exam，I was so desperate that I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness. →Seeing the result of the exam，____________________ I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness.(倒装句)  for desperation so desperate was I that (1)appoint sb.as/to be...任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事 (2)make an appointment with sb.与某人约会 keep/break an appointment守约/违约 8.appointment n.约定；约会 (date)→____________ vt.指定；约定(时间，地点)；任命，委任；安排，确定(时间、地点) →____________ adj.指定的；被委任的 appoint appointed ①The disabled girl is attended throughout her schooldays by a nurse appointed ____________ (guard) her.  ②My patient didn’t turn up at the ____________ time；that is，she broke an ____________.(appoint) ③我不得不向你道歉，因为我不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(道歉信) I have to apologize to you for not_______________________________ ____________________________.  to guard appointed appointment being able to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed time (1)engage in (使)从事；参与 engage sb.to do sth.聘用某人做某事 (2)be engaged to与……订婚 be engaged in参加；忙于 9.engagement n.参与；订婚；约定→____________ adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→____________ vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用；聘请 engaged engage ①Engaging ____________ exploring splendid Chinese culture gives him a chance to act as a cultural messenger. ②Whether for a special occasion such as an ____________(engage) or a wedding or simply as a gift，diamond rings make the ideal choice. ③I am busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination，so I can’t go with you. →I ______________ preparing for the College Entrance Examination，so I can’t go with you.(engaged)  →______________ preparing for the College Entrance Examination，I can’t go with you.(形容词短语作状语)  in engagement am engaged in Engaged in (1)belong to属于；归属；为……的一员 (2)a sense of belonging归属感 10.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→_____________ n.动产；财物 belongings ①Keep in your mind that success belongs ____________ the persevering. ②剪纸有1 500多年的历史，属于中国传统艺术。 →Paper-cutting has a history of over 1，500 years，___________________ ____________________.(定语从句)  →Paper-cutting has a history of over 1，500 years，__________________ _____________________.(分词短语作状语)  [特别提醒]　(1)belong to既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。 (2)belong to常用作动词-ing形式作后置定语。 to which belongs to traditional Chinese art belonging to traditional Chinese art (1)approve of赞成，同意 (2)get one’s approval得到某人的同意 give one’s approval to sth.批准某事；同意某事 11.approval n.赞许；同意；批准→____________ v.赞成；同意；批准；认可→____________ adj.赞许的；许可的 →____________ v.不赞成；反对→____________ n.不赞成；反对 approve approving disapprove disapproval ①Learning that my mother ____________ (approve) of my choice，I was so upset that I couldn’t contain my emotions. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form.Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian ____________ (approve) section signed. ③如果您批准我的提议，我将不胜感激。(申请信) →I would be grateful _______________________________.(approve)  →I would be grateful ________________________________________. (approval)  disapproved 控制我的情绪  approval if you could approve my proposal if you could give your approval to my proposal take on呈现；具有；雇佣 take off起飞；脱下 take down记下 take over接管，接替 take in欺骗；蒙骗；领会，理解 take away带走；减少 take back收回(说过的话) 12.take up拿起；接受；学着做，开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间) ①She was invited to take ____________ a position as an ambassador by the president newly coming to power. ②When Mr.Green retired，his son took ____________ the business from him. ③我们只有对广告采取正确的态度才能避免受骗。 It is only by taking a correct attitude towards advertising that_________ _____________________.  up over we can avoid being taken in (1)associate...with...把……和……联系在一起 be associated with...与……有关 (2)in association with...与……合作；与……有关联 13.associate with与某人交往 ①In modern times millions of parents associate their children’s lack of motivation ____________ too much exposure to the Internet. ②(2023·浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China，almost every hutong has its stories，and some are even ____________ (associate) with historic events. ③这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。(活动介绍) This exhibition was organised by the local government______________ _____________________________.  with associated in association with several paper-cutting artists [教材原句]　The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored... 第一天他走进我的班级时，他的书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子…… 14.the first day引导时间状语从句 (1)the first time/day用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“第一……时”，而for the first time/day是介词短语，意为“第一次/天”，在句中作状语。 (2)引导时间状语从句的词汇还有every time，each time，the last time，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等，起从属连词的作用。 ①I would put on a performance at 8 a.m.in the city theatre__________ ______ (首次) and I had butterflies in my stomach. for the first time 忐忑不安 ②____________________________ (每一次我遇到麻烦)，he would come to help me out.  ③他在街上一看到那个受伤的女孩，就毫不犹豫地下车，像箭一样冲过去帮助她。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Every/Each time I was in trouble The moment/The minute/The instant /The second he saw the injured girl in the street，he got off his car without hesitation and rushed like an arrow to assist her. [教材原句]　Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时我想，要是我能给他打电话征求他的意见就好了! 15.if only后的虚拟条件句 (1)if only...意为“要是……就好了”，常用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。 ①if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望 ②if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望 ③if only...could/would/might do...表示与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should) (2)only if意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句；位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 ①If only we ____________ (have) your help and professional instruction，we would have done more brilliantly in the oral English competition.  ②I feel upset and depressed，thinking to myself，“______________ _______________________ (现在要是有人帮帮我就好了).”   had had If only someone helped me at the moment [教材原句]　...not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. ……她一次也没有抬起头去欣赏窗外的景色。 否定副词(短语)位于句首常常引起句子部分倒装，常见的否定副词(短语)有not，never，neither，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way，by no means，on no account，in no case，under no circumstances，no sooner...than...等。 16.否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装 ①___________________ (我从没想过) I should make such a stupid mistake!  Never have I thought 竟然 ②老师鼓励我的话仍在我耳边回响：“无论生活中出现什么困难，你决不应该放弃。” →My teacher’s encouraging words still echoed in my ears，“______ ______________________________________________________.” (in no case)  →My teacher’s encouraging words still echoed in my ears，“_______ ____________________________________________________.” (倒装句)  You should in no case give up whatever difficulties arise in your life In no case should you give up whatever difficulties arise in your life ③我的头刚碰到枕头，我就睡着了。 _______________________________________________ No sooner had my head hit the pillow than I fell asleep. Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.In contrast to my reserved and sensitive niece，my nephew is ____________ (lack) in motivation. 2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth，access ____________ nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. 3.She felt ____________ (shame) of having cheated in the exam and tears ran down her cheeks. lacking to ashamed 4.This program was set up with an ____________(intend) of providing help to homeless people. 5.(2023·浙江1月卷)A noise at a window caught my attention，so I entered it.It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟)，____________ (desperate) trying to escape. 6.The police received several ____________ (complain) about the noise from our party. 7.It is bad ____________ (manner) to give feedback by chattering away constantly. intention desperately complaints manners 8.The author seems to convey the message that children need a sense of ____________ (belong). 9.You have to learn to take ____________ the key points even though you don’t take them in. 10.If you associate ____________ positive-thinking people，you will also become optimistic. belonging down with Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.如果您能花点时间看一下我的申请表并做些修改，我会很感激的。(求助信) ___________________________________________________________________________ and making some changes.  2.我很惭愧地说我对她撒谎了。换句话说，我为自己的可耻行为感到羞愧，这对我来说是一种耻辱。(心理描写) _________________ that I lied to her.In other words，_____________ ___________________________________________________.  I’d be quite grateful if you could spend some time going through my application form I’m ashamed to say I am/feel ashamed of my shameful behaviour，which is a shame to me 3.我还记得你从来没有抱怨过我的英语很差，你一直致力于提高我的英语口语和英语写作。(感谢信) ___________________________________________________ and you have been devoted to improving my oral English and English writing.  4.____________ instant he reached the company，Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. →______________________________，Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed.  →________________________________，Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed.(as soon as)  I still remember you never complain that my English is poor The Instantly he reached the company As soon as he reached the company 5.The programme was set up and it ____________ (intend) to help the homeless.  →The programme，______________________________________，was set up.(非限制性定语从句)  →The programme，___________________________，was set up.(分词短语作定语)  →The programme was set up __________________________________. (intention)  was intended which was intended to help the homeless intended to help the homeless with the intention of helping the homeless Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text，and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies—say，assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 　____________ A.从事于 B.吸引人的 C.已订婚的 B 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. 　____________ A.v.加强；刺激 B.v.(给……)提供燃料 C.n.燃料，燃烧剂 A 3.To be frank，I wasn’t sure if I could handle such a powerful car. 　____________ A.经营 B.触(球) C.控制，操纵 C 4.In a 2014 study，Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at UBC，invited people on their way into a coffee shop. 　_________ A.adj.相关的 B.v.联系 C.adj.副的 C 5.He is an overbearing man and always tries to force everyone to bend to his will.____________ A.弯曲 B.屈从 C.篡改 B 6.host A.n.主人；主办者；东道主　 B.n.许多；大量　 C.vt.主办；做……的东道主；主持(广播或电视节目) (1)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species (物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 　____________ (2)All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. 　____________ (3)(2023·浙江1月卷)During the cookout，I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. _________ B C A 培优2　单元话题写作——亲情无边 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　I have a niece who is outgoing and ①___________________ __________ (酷爱组织) all kinds of activities and a nephew who has ②_________________ (幽默感) but ③________________ (缺乏自 信).When they came to my house ④_______________ (第一次)，they were extremely depressed that there was not a laptop in my house and is passionate about organising a sense of humour lacks confidence for the first time barely ⑤___________________ (我与……联系；倒装句) others on social networking.It upset them that they ⑥_______________ (不能使用) Wi-Fi before 6：00 p.m.⑦____________ (事实上)，their mother was desperate to send them to my house so that they would not associate with others on the Internet.  did I associate with had no access to In reality 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [动作描写]　host；pour；drag；access；handle；raise；highlight；flow；associate；obsess；dominate；chase；chatter；bend；complain；organise；defend [人物描写]　humour；passionate；behaviour；outgoing；sensitive；reserved；distracted；extraordinary；rude；alcoholic；manner；unmotivated；educationalist；competitor [情感描写]　ashamed；demanding；grateful；depressed；desperate；upset；sincerely 美句 1.I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket，and then another student lit a match to set it off.(动作描写) 2.The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.(动作描写) 3.When it was charged，she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar；not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.(动作描写) 热情洋溢的李先生主持了一场别开生面的文化节。活动现场，同学们纷纷展示着各自的才艺，营造了热烈而欢快的氛围。舞台上，小明以一首自创诗歌《追梦》抒发了自己的情感。 Step 2　语料运用 ①______________________________ ________________________. At the event，students eagerly showcased their diverse talents，②___________________________ ____________.On stage，Xiaoming expressed his emotions through a self-penned poem titled Chasing Dreams. The enthusiastic Mr.Lee hosted an extraordinary cultural festival creating a lively and joyful atmosphere 他缓缓开口，声音如清泉般流淌，诗中既表达了对梦想的执着追求，也巧妙地融入了与朋友们共度的欢笑与泪水。每一句诗歌都深深打动了在场的每一个人。他的表演无疑成了整个活动的亮点，让人们不禁将这位平时看似沉默寡言的少年与非凡二字联系在一起。 As he spoke slowly，③___________________ ____________，weaving into the verses both his endless pursuit of dreams and the laughter as well as tears shared with his friends.④________ _____________________________.His performance ⑤__________________________ __________________________，prompting people ⑥_______________________________ ____________________________. his voice flowed like a clear spring Each line deeply touched everyone present undoubtedly became the highlight of the entire event to associate the usually quiet teenager with the word “extraordinary” 平日里对一切都显得漫不经心的李华也忍不住站起身来为小明鼓掌。他用幽默的口吻说：“看来，你真的把我给比下去了，竞争对手啊!”这番话让周围的同学都笑了起来，气氛更加融洽。 Even Li Hua，who ⑦____________________ _________________ on ordinary days， ⑧_____________________________________ _________.With humor，he said，“It is likely that you’ve really outdone me，competitor!” This remark drew laughter from the surrounding students，⑨____________________________ ____________. appeared unmotivated about everything couldn’t help standing up to applaud Xiaoming further enhancing the harmonious atmosphere 【情感细节描写：惊讶】 语料积累 单词 surprise/amaze/astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→surprised/amazed/astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→surprising/amazing/astonishing adj.令人吃惊的→surprise/amazement/astonishment n.吃惊，惊讶 shock vt.使震惊 n.震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的 open-mouthed adj.(因惊愕)张着口的，目瞪口呆的 词块 much to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人十分震惊/吃惊/惊讶/惊奇的是　in disbelief难以置信地　come as a shock to sb.让某人震惊　a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face某人的脸上出现/闪过惊讶的表情　have a look of surprise on one’s face某人脸上的表情很惊讶　eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛　stare/gaze at sb.with wide eyes/stare at sb.in wide-eyed amazement目瞪口呆地看着某人　one’s mouth hangs open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴　gasp in astonishment吃惊得倒吸一口气　a tone/voice of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊讶的口气/声音　give a cry of surprise吃惊得喊出声来　too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话来　freeze/stand still/be numb with shock惊呆了　shake one’s head in disbelief 难以置信地摇头　gape at张口结舌地看，目瞪口呆地凝视　one’s jaw drops/dropped 张口结舌 句型 It gave me a shock when I realized I had missed my train. 当我意识到我已赶不上火车时，我感到震惊。 He froze，his mouth hanging open.(独立主格) 他僵住了，张着嘴。 I froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground.(状语从句的省略) 我震惊得僵住了，仿佛在地上扎了根。 句型 I got first prize in the writing competition，with a spark of surprise flashing across my face.(with复合结构) 我在写作比赛中得了一等奖，脸上闪过一丝惊喜。 Staring at her with wide eyes，I hardly believed what she had done.(现在分词短语作状语) 我睁大眼睛凝视着她，简直不敢相信她所做的一切。 Everyone gasped in astonishment as the cars came around the last bend. 当汽车驶过最后一个弯道时，每个人都惊讶得倒吸一口气。 After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock. 似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来。 精读真题提素养 精读真题提素养/在语篇集训中拓展单元主题 　　•阅读理解(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·D) 　　On March 7，1907，the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors，those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate，and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together，they cancel each other out，resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors，then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms，the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons，people’s errors become correlated or dependent，the accuracy of the estimate will go down. But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion，the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance，the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.  In a follow-up study with 100 university students，the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time，but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently，the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain，the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。作者从几个角度探讨了群体智慧，指出群体讨论的结果比个人思考的结果更准确。 32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A.The methods of estimation. B.The underlying logic of the effect. C.The causes of people’s errors. D.The design of Galton’s experiment. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。通读第二段的内容可知，本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的潜在逻辑。故选B项。 33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.  A.the crowds were relatively small B.there were occasional underestimates C.individuals did not communicate D.estimates were not fully independent 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In more technical terms，the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.”和第三段中的“when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion...independent individuals”可知，纳瓦哈斯的研究发现，即使团队成员的估计不是完全独立的，平均正确率依旧会提升。故选D项。 34.What did the follow-up study focus on? A.The size of the groups. B.The dominant members. C.The discussion process. D.The individual estimates. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，在后续的研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论过程中做了什么。故可推知，后续研究的重点是小组讨论的过程。 35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies? A.Unclear.　　　　　 B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving. 答案：D 解析：观点态度题。最后一段作者说，虽然纳瓦哈斯的研究有局限性，但是从他的研究看，团队讨论和做决定的潜在影响是巨大的，由此判断作者对纳瓦哈斯的研究持支持态度。 【词汇识记】 1.statistician n.统计学家 2.illustrate v.阐明 3.correlated adj.相互关联的 4.dominant adj.占优势的，占支配地位的 5.implication n.可能的影响；暗示 6.enormous adj.巨大的 7.obtain v.获得；存在；(尤指经努力)赢得 8.dismissive adj.轻蔑的；鄙视的 9.follow-up adj.后续的 10.capitalize on利用，从……中获得好处 11.cancel sth.out 抵消 12.result in引起，导致 13.for instance 例如 14.respond vi.& vt.回应，回复→response n.回应，回复 15.argue v.争论；辩论→argument n.论点；论据 16.reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小→reduction n.减少；降低 17.approve vt.赞成；赞许；批准→approving adj.赞成的，同意的→approval n.赞成；赞许；批准→disapprove vt.不赞成，反对 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) When enough of these errors are averaged together，they cancel each other out，resulting in a more accurate estimate. 　 _______________________ 计算出……的平均数 【难句分析】 The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion，the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. [译文选择] A.该项研究的核心发现是，当人群被进一步分成允许进行讨论的更小的组的时候，这些小组得出的平均估计比同样数量的独立个体的平均估计更准确。 B.该项研究的核心发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的组，并且允许进行讨论的时候，这些小组得出的估计比同样数量的独立个体的估计更准确。(A) [结构分析] 句中的第一个that引导表语从句，而这个表语从句的主句是the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals，这个表语从句中有一个when引导的时间状语从句。that were allowed to have a discussion是先行词为smaller groups的定语从句。those指代的是前文提到的相同类别事物the averages。 课时作业 课时作业19 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·江苏南京调研)Parents often think that their kids should be good at studies and do well in sports.That’s usually the case because parents feel that could get their children admission to top colleges.However，Melissa and Mark Wimmer think differently. Their 14-year-old son，Mike，is a prodigy.He is a member of Mensa，which is the world’s top IQ club.He completed his high school，Associate’s and Bachelor’s degrees all in three years.That’s not all.He also ran two tech companies，and founded a third one that works towards controlling the population of lionfish，an invasive (入侵的) species.  But the parents are proud that they were able to help Mike with his social skills along with his intellectual skills.Melissa told CNBC that people expected “Young Sheldon” before they met her son.Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills.“But once they talk to Mike，they understand that he’s just a normal 14-year-old boy that happens to be able to do amazing things，” said Melissa. Mark and Melissa got to know about their child’s intelligence when he entered preschool.A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast-track development. Many parents aren’t comfortable with putting their children with 18-year-olds，but Mike’s parents saw the value in letting their child go through it.“I wanted him to be social and be able to deal with all the different personalities in the classrooms with older children，” said Melissa. The parents shared that they were able to do this by letting Mike find his own voice and put it to use.“We let him order food when he’s 3 or 4 from the waiter or waitress and introduce himself to people.Those kinds of things are done to encourage him to engage with everyone else and be more comfortable talking to others outside of our environment，” said Melissa. Thanks to his parents，Mike has learned to get along with young and old alike. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天才少年Mike的父母在助力儿子发展智力的同时，鼓励并帮助他发展社交技能的故事。 1.What do the underlined words “a prodigy” in paragraph 2 refer to?(　　) A.A gifted person. B.A famous student. C.A brilliant biologist. D.A successful businessman. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“He is a member of Mensa，which is the world’s top IQ club.He completed his high school，Associate’s and Bachelor’s degrees all in three years.”可知，Mike的智商非常高，学习能力非常强，能迅速完成学业。由此可知，他应该是一个天才，a prodigy意思应该是“极具天赋的人”。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 2.What can we infer about the child in the show Young Sheldon?(　　) A.He likes to make friends. B.He is a well-rounded man. C.He is a popular child actor. D.He is poor at dealing with people. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills.”可知，《小谢尔顿》中的天才少年宅在家里，缺乏社交能力。由此可知，他不善于与人打交道。故选D项。 3.How did Mark and Melissa discover Mike’s high intelligence?(　　) A.Through a recommendation from a child psychologist. B.Through observing Mike’s behavior in preschool. C.Through participating in a special educational program. D.Through the information provided by Mike’s school teachers. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Mark and Melissa got to know about their child’s intelligence when he entered preschool.A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast-track development.”可知，通过一位儿童心理学家的建议，Mark和Melissa发现了Mike的高智商。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 4.What do Mike’s parents do to improve his social skills?(　　) A.Teach him some communication rules. B.Encourage him to speak in class. C.Place him in social situations. D.Let him go to school alone. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Melissa所说的话“We let him order food when he’s 3 or 4 from the waiter or waitress and introduce himself to people.Those kinds of things are done to encourage him to engage with everyone else and be more comfortable talking to others outside of our environment”可知，Mike的父母让他置身社交场合中，鼓励他和其他人交流，从而提高了他的社交技能。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 B We can create learning moments that students remember forever if we open up our classrooms to awe and wonder. Toward the end of my high school year，our Spanish teacher organized a trip to see an Andean band perform in Philadelphia. My classmates and I egged one another on ironically (讽刺地)：Who could enjoy the show? The performers’ clothing seemed odd. The instruments，strange.But then the performers kicked in，dancing to their bombo and wancara drums around the stage and the panpipes and quena announced a kind of sound—new to us. We had spent too little time discussing the culture of the Inca in social studies but its traditions came alive for us that evening. Once the wonderful performance lit up the stage and the hall filled up with music，my teenage cynicism disappeared. I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy. I have spent the last seven years living and working in South America. But my thirst for cultural exploration and a desire to understand the world outside my language and country has been alive longer than that. Sometimes I think that night dancing to those ancient rhythms unlocked this fascination. Why do I remember it so clearly decades later? In his recent book Awe：The New Science of Everyday Wonder and How It Can Transform Your Life，psychology professor Dacher Keltner explains that “brief moments of awe are as good for your mind and body as anything you might do”. Besides being a memorable emotion，awe boosts curiosity，builds humility，helps with critical thinking，and makes people feel more connected. It even makes us happier.“Twenty years into teaching happiness，” Keltner writes about how to find deep happiness，“I have an answer：FIND AWE.” Moving forward，let’s do our best to build instances of awe into our curriculum (课程). So when our former students approach us on the subway years later，they will recall the magical moments from their days spent in our classes. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中时期观看Andean乐队表演的经历，并借此阐述了敬畏对学习和个人成长的积极影响，呼吁老师应尽最大努力将敬畏融入教育课程。 5.How did the students initially react to the Andean band’s performance?(　　) A.They showed respect for it. B.They approached it with doubt. C.They left in disappointment. D.They felt joyful to appreciate it. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，学生们最初对Andean乐队的表演持怀疑态度。故选B。 6.What does the underlined word “cynicism” in paragraph 3 refer to?(　　) A.A deep understanding of music. B.A strong enthusiasm for exploration. C.A negative attitude to the world. D.A sense of connection with society. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，作者刚开始对Andean乐队的表演持怀疑态度；再结合第三段第二、三句可知，当精彩的表演“照亮”舞台，大厅里充满了音乐时，作者也带着真诚的喜悦(之心)跟着舞动起来。由此可推知，画线词所在句指的是作者少年时代对世界的消极态度消失了。因此，画线词指对世界的消极态度。故选C。 5 6 7 8 7.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?(　　) A.The importance of finding happiness in life. B.The lasting impact of a memorable experience. C.The benefits of understanding different cultures. D.The positive role of awe in improving one’s life. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：段落大意题。通读第五段可知，本段主要介绍了敬畏在改善人们生活方面的积极作用。故选D。 147 8.Who is the text intended for?(　　) A.Teachers. B.High school graduates. C.Parents. D.Psychology researchers. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：写作对象题。根据第一段和第六段可知，这篇文章是写给教师的。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·湖北武汉调研)When I was in third grade，my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a 　1　 journey；it was a journey of discovery into our 　2　.  Every day，Dad 　3　 us with his trusty road map. Mom，the heart of our family，shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 　4　.We went through diverse 　5　，from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 One day，while hiking through the Grand Canyon，I 　6　 a particularly rough path. Frightened，I 　7　，not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents 　8　.As Dad showed me footholds，Mom coached me with calming 　9　 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then，I 　10　 the confidence as my feet 　11　 solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear，I felt we became 　12　 as a family.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 From then on，every evening，we’d gather around a campfire for what we 　13　 called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions，we’d share laughs，　14　，and insights from the day’s experiences.  The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route，and the family bonds formed when we are facing 　15　 together.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小学三年级时和家人的一次旅行，这次旅行让作者明白：旅行的真正意义不仅仅是到达目的地，更重要的是旅途带来的个人成长和在共同面对挑战时形成的家庭纽带。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 1.A.crowded　　　 B.physical C.creative D.necessary 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文“The trip taught...when we are facing 　15　 together.”可知，这次旅行让作者明白了旅行真正的意义，事实证明，这不仅仅是一次身体上的旅行。crowded拥挤的；physical身体的；creative创造(性)的；necessary必要的。故选B。  2.A.relationships B.potential C.dreams D.inspiration 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据第三段最后一句中的“I felt we became 　12　 as a family”可知，此处指这是一次探索“我们”之间的关系的旅程。relationship关系；potential潜力；dream梦想；inspiration灵感。故选A。  3.A.guided B.encouraged C.comforted D.attracted 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，爸爸每天用他那张可靠的地图给“我们” 领路。guide指引；encourage鼓励；comfort安慰；attract吸引。故选A。 4.A.events B.stations C.locations D.shows 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“unforgettable trip across the country”及语境可知，妈妈画出将要到的地方的画。event事件；station车站；location地点；show展览。故选C。 5.A.cultures B.landscapes C.groups D.countries 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West”可知，“我们”欣赏了不同的风景。culture文化；landscape风景；group群；country国家。故选B。 6.A.imagined B.constructed C.smoothed D.encountered 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，当“我们”徒步穿越大峡谷时，“我”遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。imagine想象；construct建造；smooth使平滑；encounter遇到。故选D。 7.A.froze B.flew C.fell D.forgot 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，“我”很害怕，不知道如何走过去。由此可知，“我”呆住了。freeze呆住，符合语境。故选A。 8.A.reached down B.stood aside C.stepped in D.turned back 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“As Dad showed me footholds，Mom coached me”可知，当“我”不知所措时，爸爸妈妈来帮忙了。 reach down取下；stand aside让开；step in援之以手，干预；turn back原路返回。故选C。 9.A.words B.worries C.noises D.thoughts 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead”可知，妈妈提醒“我”前方的景色令人惊叹。由此可知，妈妈用冷静的话语安慰“我”。word话语，符合语境。故选A。 10.A.lost B.maintained C.demonstrated D.restored 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，此处指“我”恢复了信心。lose失去；maintain维持；demonstrate证明；restore恢复。故选D。 11.A.left B.broke C.found D.dug 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“solid ground again”及语境可知，“我”的双脚又感受到了坚实的地面。leave离开；break弄坏；find找到；dig挖(土)。故选C。 12.A.nicer B.tougher C.braver D.closer 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，在“我”感到害怕时，爸爸妈妈及时给予“我”安慰和帮助，让“我”重拾信心。由此可知，当“我”最终克服恐惧时，“我”感觉一家人更亲密了。close亲密的，符合语境。故选D。 13.A.originally B.affectionately C.frequently D.simply 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，从那以后，每天晚上“我们”全家人围坐在篝火旁来进行“我们”亲切地称之为“家庭反思时间”的活动。originally原来；affectionately亲切地；frequently频繁地；simply仅仅。故选B。 14.A.sympathy B.conflicts C.tears D.profits 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“laughs”及语境可知，“我们”分享欢笑和泪水。sympathy同情；conflict冲突；tear泪水；profit利润。故选C。 15.A.challenges B.defeats C.opposition D.uncertainty 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，此处指一起面对挑战时所形成的家庭纽带。challenge挑战；defeat失败；opposition反对；uncertainty犹豫。故选A。 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：admission n.承认；准许加入；录取；入场费；接收入院治疗 Para.2：found v.创办，创立；铸造 Para.4：fast-track adj.快速的 v.加速……的进程　personality n.个性，性格；品格，魅力 A 篇 核心 短语 Para.4：go through经历；遭受　deal with处理，对付 Para.5：engage with sb.与某人建立密切关系 词缀 变形 Para.2：invade v.侵略→invader n.侵略者→invasive adj.入侵性的，侵入的，侵袭的 Para.3：social adj.社会的；社交的，交际的→socialize v.交往，交际；使合群→society n.社会；社团 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.2：odd adj.奇怪的　Para.4：unlock v.发现；揭示　fascination n.魅力　Para.5：memorable adj.难忘的 humility n.谦逊 熟词 生义 Para.2：egg 常用义：n.蛋，鸡蛋　文章义：v.煽动，怂恿 Para.4：thirst 常用义：n.口渴　文章义：n.渴望 核心 短语 Para.1：open up开放　Para.2：kick in开始　Para.3：come alive变得生动 B 篇 难句 分析 But then the performers kicked in，dancing to their bombo and wancara drums around the stage and the panpipes and quena announced a kind of sound—new to us.(Para.2) 分析：本句是一个并列复合句。第二个and连接两个并列分句；dancing to their bombo and wancara drums around the stage是现在分词短语作伴随状语。 译文：但随后表演者开始表演，伴着bombo鼓和wancara鼓在舞台上跳舞，而排箫和八孔木笛发出一种对我们来说很新奇的声音。 课时作业20 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A In February 2022，I began learning Chinese.Almost a year later，I found myself in Beijing，the capital of China.Before coming here，I had attended Chinese classes，and I could sense my progress in the language，albeit modest.As you might expect，studying for just one year wasn’t sufficient to claim fluency，and to be honest，I’m not there yet.But full proficiency in the language is not necessary to immerse yourself in and enjoy many attractions of life in China. The one thing that truly makes me feel comfortable and alleviates loneliness is making friends and engaging in conversation.At Tsinghua University，where I pursued my studies in China，I made friends with many Chinese young people and relished spending time with them，be it for meals or leisure activities.I’ve been delighted to sing Chinese songs with my friends.I would also sing well-known Japanese songs.I felt that connecting with my Chinese peers through a shared passion，such as singing，was incredibly enjoyable and beautiful.It transcended language barriers and fostered a sense of unity and joy that was truly special. During breaks from study，I frequently embarked on solo journeys across China.Although I have experienced traveling on overnight trains for over 12 hours several times and explored unfamiliar cities，I never felt fearful or unwelcome as a foreigner.Chinese people are consistently warm and welcoming to foreigners，and eager to engage in conversation. I once participated in community activities in Northwest China’s Gansu Province to gain a deeper understanding of China’s rural areas and contribute to the development of local communities and education.As a volunteer teacher at a local school，I shared contemporary and traditional Japanese culture such as animé，architecture，pop music and languages with the students.Since Japanese kanji originated in China，there are many similarities between the Japanese and Chinese languages. 　　[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了作者来中国学习、旅行和工作的经历，讲述了其所见所闻所感。 1.What is necessary for the author to enjoy attractions of life in China? (　　) A.Having proficiency in Chinese. B.Befriending with foreign tourists. C.Setting out on solo journeys alone. D.Communicating with Chinese locals. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The one thing that truly... making friends and engaging in conversation.”可知，真正让作者感到舒适和减轻孤独的一件事是交朋友并参与到交谈之中。文中的“feel comfortable”与题干中的“enjoy attractions of life”表达意思吻合，因此可知，与中国当地人交流是作者享受中国生活魅力的必要条件。 1 2 3 4 2.What does the underlined word “relished” in paragraph 2 mean? (　　) A.Advocated. B.Enjoyed. C.Postponed. D.Avoided. 1 2 3 4 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“I made friends with many Chinese young people and”以及下文“spending time with them，be it for meals or leisure activities”可知，作者结交了许多中国的年轻朋友，并花时间与他们在一起，无论是吃饭还是进行休闲活动，由此可推断，作者应该是开心、享受的。故画线词的意思是“享受”，与B项意思一致。advocate“提倡”，postpone“推迟”，avoid“避免”。 B 3.How did the author develop the text?(　　) A.By listing numbers. B.By giving examples. C.By making comparisons. D.By setting questions. 1 2 3 4 B 解析：推理判断题。文章中作者通过举例分享自己在中国学习和旅行的经历，以及在中国甘肃社区中的活动来展开论述。由此可推知，作者通过举例来展开文章。故选B。 4.What is the author’s impression of Chinese people?(　　) A.Hospitable. B.Cautious. C.Punctual. D.Smart. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Chinese people are consistently warm and welcoming to foreigners，and eager to engage in conversation (中国人一贯热情欢迎外国人，并渴望与他们交谈)”可知，作者对中国人的印象是好客的。故选A。 B (2024·九省联考)For lots of kids，toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship.Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships，the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors，such as kindness，sharing，and cooperation. 　　Even so，how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格).Some toddlers are very social，but others are shy.In addition，the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior. 　　This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior.Regardless of how much they like a playmate，they may still grab his toys，refuse to share，and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.Through play experiences，toddlers learn social rules.That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines，explain the reasons behind them. 　　Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”)，then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”).When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend，praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”). 　　Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words—not fists—to express how they feel.It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime.Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry，so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed. 　　[语篇解读]　本文讨论了幼儿期对孩子们形成积极的人际关系的重要性，特别是如何通过模仿、游戏和父母的指导来学习社交行为。 5.What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior? (　　) A.They are interested in acting. B.They are shy with the strangers. C.They are fond of their playmates. D.They are tired of playing games. 5 6 7 8 C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段末句“Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying ‘I like you’ during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.”可知，俄亥俄州立大学哥伦布分校的研究发现，幼儿在游戏中表示“我喜欢你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行为。这表明，幼儿模仿他们的玩伴是他们表达对玩伴的喜爱的方式，故选C项。 5 6 7 8 6.What does the author suggest parents do for their kids?(　　) A.Design games for them. B.Find them suitable playmates. C.Play together with them. D.Help them understand social rules. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句“That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.”可知，这就是为什么在幼儿的社交互动中，通过设定限制和频繁提醒他们这些社交规则来发挥积极作用是如此重要。这表明作者建议父母通过设定限制和频繁提醒他们这些社交规则来帮助孩子理解社交规则，故选D项。 5 6 7 8 7.What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4?(　　) A.Giving examples. B.Explaining concepts. C.Providing evidence. D.Making comparisons. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：推理判断题。在第四段中，作者通过引用实际的对话，如“Ben is crying.What’s making him so sad?”和“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”来举例说明如何教育孩子理解和表达同理心。这些引用的话语直观地展示了如何通过具体的情境和对话来教育孩子，即“给出例子”。故选A项。 190 8.Which of the following is the best title for the text?(　　) A.How Children Adapt to Changes B.How to Be a Role Model for Children C.How Your Baby Learns to Love D.How to Communicate with Your Kid 5 6 7 8 C 解析：标题归纳题。文章讨论了幼儿如何通过模仿、游戏和父母的指导来学习社交行为和表达情感，特别是如何通过爱和同理心的培养来形成积极的人际关系。因此，C项“宝宝如何学会去爱”最能概括文章的主旨。其他选项虽与文章内容有关，但不如C项准确捕捉文章的中心思想。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些超级沟通者常用的沟通技巧。 193 (2024·河北石家庄质检二)Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and talking.The following are four habits of super communicators. They know what kind of conversation they’re having.Super communicators are usually able to respond accordingly.If you’re having a practical conversation，your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions.1(　　) If your friend is just expressing his feelings，you just need to be a good listener.  A.They aim to understand. B.Experts call them “deep questions”. C.They are persuasive communicators. D.The decisions should be easy to carry out. E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful. F.Then you should be ready to give good advice. G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen. 1.答案：F 解析：根据下文“If your friend is just expressing his feelings，you just need to be a good listener.”可知，当朋友只是表达感受时，我们只需要倾听。结合空处上文“If you’re having a practical conversation，your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions.”可知，如果朋友拿不定主意时，超级沟通者会给出建议。F项“Then you should be ready to give good advice.”符合语境，advice呼应上文hard decisions。 They prove they’re listening.There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening，like making eye contact or nodding.To do that，experts suggest a technique called “cycle for understanding”.Ask a question and listen to the response.Repeat what they just told you.Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.2(　　)   A.They aim to understand. B.Experts call them “deep questions”. C.They are persuasive communicators. D.The decisions should be easy to carry out. E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful. F.Then you should be ready to give good advice. G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen. 2.答案：E 解析：空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Ask a question and listen to the response.Repeat what they just told you.Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.”可知，超级沟通者通过“理解循环”技巧来证明自己在倾听别人的话。由此可推知，空处应继续说明专家建议的这种技巧。E项“This practice sounds simple but is powerful.”总结了上文所提及的方法的优点。 They ask a lot of the right questions.Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else.They may simply be follow-up questions like “What happened next?”.Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.3(　　) They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connection.  A.They aim to understand. B.Experts call them “deep questions”. C.They are persuasive communicators. D.The decisions should be easy to carry out. E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful. F.Then you should be ready to give good advice. G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen. 3.答案：B 解析：根据上文“They may simply be follow-up questions like ‘What happened next?’ .Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.”和下文“They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connection.”可知，超级沟通者先问一些比较简单的问题，后来询问一些让人敞开心扉和创造情感联系的问题，由此可知，问题变得深入了。B项“Experts call them ‘deep questions’.”符合语境，them指代上文“questions that get people to open up”。 4(　　) The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone，convince someone or wait for their turn to speak.It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly.The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from.5(　　) A.They aim to understand. B.Experts call them “deep questions”. C.They are persuasive communicators. D.The decisions should be easy to carry out. E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful. F.Then you should be ready to give good advice. G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen. 4.答案：A 解析：根据下文“The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone，convince someone or wait for their turn to speak.It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own views accordingly.”可知，讨论的目的是理解别人的观点，并分享自己的想法，即讨论是为了理解。由此可知，超级沟通者对话的目的是理解。A项“They aim to understand.”符合题意。故选A。 5.答案：G 解析：空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from.”可知，通过正确的回应，可以创造信任和开放的氛围，能让对话双方受益，这是谈话的神奇之处。G项“And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.”符合题意，与上文承接自然。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·河北衡水质检)In the ancient Shuowen Dictionary，trust is defined as a combination of sincerity and reliability，1. ____________ (emphasize) the importance of keeping one’s word.This concept was 2. ____________ (deep) valued in ancient China，with many proverbs highlighting the significance of integrity in personal and professional relationships.Cao Cao，the 3. __________ (rule) of the Wei state during the Three Kingdoms period，embodied (体现) this spirit of trustworthiness，which played a crucial role in his ability 4. _________ (draw) numerous heroes to his side.  emphasizing deeply ruler to draw During the Three Kingdoms era，a time 5. _________ (mark) by division and conflict among the states of Wei，Shu，and Wu，loyalty was a prized yet rare commodity.Cao Cao’s relationship 6. _________ Guan Yu shows his understanding of trust and respect as foundational 7. ________(element) of leadership.After capturing Xu Province，Cao Cao encountered Guan Yu.Guan Yu’s surrender (投降) to Cao Cao， under the condition 8. ________ he would leave once he learned of Liu Bei’s whereabouts，presented 9. _______ unique challenge.Cao Cao’s acceptance of these terms，and his subsequent efforts to win over Guan Yu，demonstrate a strategic approach to leadership that 10. ________ (value) talent and honours personal loyalty. marked with elements that a values 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：sufficient adj.足够的 Para.2：alleviate v.减轻　transcend v.超越　foster v.培养，促进 Para.4：contemporary adj.当代的，同时期的　 originate v.源于，起源 A 篇 核心 短语 Para.1：to be honest老实说　immerse oneself in使某人沉浸在……，(使)深陷于 Para.2：engage in (使)从事，参加 Para.3：embark on从事，着手，开始(新的或艰难的事物) Para.4：participate in参与 词缀 变形 Para.1：fluent adj.流利的→fluency n.(尤指外语)流利，流畅　proficient adj.熟练的→proficiency n.熟练，精通 Para.2：incredible adj.难以置信的→incredibly adv.令人难以置信，极端地，极其 Para.3：consistent adj.一贯的→consistently adv.一贯地 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.2：markedly adv.显著地，明显地 Para.3：bossy adj.好指挥人的；专横的　guideline n.指导方针；指导原则；准则 Para.4：resolve v.解决(问题或困难) 核心 短语 Para.1：relate to能够理解并同情 Para.2：come in the form of以……的形式出现 Para.5：be mindful of注意，留意，谨慎处理 B 篇 词缀 变形 Para.2：demonstrate v.证明；示范，演示→demonstration n.演示，展示；游行示威 Para.5：refreshed adj.清爽的，恢复精神的→refresh v.使恢复精力；使凉爽→refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；使人精神振作的→refreshment n.恢复活力；焕发精神 熟词 生义 schedule (Para.5)常用义：n.工作计划；日程安排　文章义：v.安排；为……安排时间 例句：A presidential election is scheduled for December. 一场总统大选计划在12月举行。 $$