必修1 UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

必修第一册 UNIT 2　SPORTS AND FITNESS 主题语境　体育与健康 1 【单元主题　创意背记】 板块一　词句背诵 重难点词汇 ◆五级词汇 onto prep.到……上，向……上 energy n.力量，活力 earn vt.& vi.挣(钱)，赚得 (n.earnings) vt.博得，赢得 　earn money/an income/a fortune 挣钱/收入/大钱 　earn a/one’s living谋生 背诵默写本 case n.状况，场合；事例，实例 system n.系统 　immune system免疫系统 benefit n.好处，益处(adj.beneficial) vt.使受益 vi.得益于 　benefit sb./sth.使某人/某物受益 　benefit from/by...从……中受益；得益于…… 　for sb.’s benefit=for the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益 equipment n.设备，装备(v.equip) 　a piece of equipment一件设备 prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡 (n.prevention) 　prevent sb.(from) doing...阻止(做)……；不准(做)…… disease n.疾病 amount n.数量，数额 　a large/small amount of＋不可数名词＋v.(单数形式)大/少量…… 　large/small amounts of＋不可数名词＋v.(复数形式)大/少量…… prefer vt.(preferred，preferred) [不用于进行时]更喜欢，更愿意 　prefer sb./sth.to do sth.更愿意/希望某人/某物做某事 　prefer to do sth./doing sth.更喜欢做某事 　prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.比起(做)某事，更喜欢(做)某事 　prefer＋that...更愿意/希望…… diet n.日常饮食 　go on a diet 节食，控制饮食(表示动作) 　be on a diet在节食(表示状态) within prep.在……之内 ◆四级词汇 cycle n.[C]自行车，摩托车；循环vi.骑自行车/摩托车 (n.cyclist) balanced adj.均衡的 (n.balance) 　keep/have/eat a balanced diet 均衡饮食 company n.公司；一群人 vt.陪伴 regularly adv.经常；定期地 　take exercise regularly定期锻炼 replacement n.替换的人(物)(vt.replace) desire n.渴望，欲望 vt.[不用于进行时]渴望，期望 　have a strong desire to do/for sth.对(做)某事有强烈的愿望 　desire to do sth.渴望做某事 gather vi.& vt.聚集，聚合 　gather around聚集 pack n.[C]小盒，包，包裹；绷带，敷布；(一)包，(一)捆 vt.& vi.收拾(行李)；把……包起来；塞满，挤满 　a pack of一盒/包…… 　pack up把……打包；收拾(行李) 　be packed with挤满…… extra adj.[只用于名词前]额外的，另外的(additional) crowd n.[C]人群；民众；一群人 vt.挤满，塞满 (adj.crowded)；聚集，涌进，蜂拥而至 audience n.观众；听众 remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒 　remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 　remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 　remind (sb.) that...提醒(某人)…… application n.申请书(n.applicant 申请人) tip n.建议，忠告，窍门 disappointment n.失望；扫兴；沮丧 　(much) to one’s disappointment使某人感到(非常)失望的是 　in disappointment失望地 particular n.尤其，特别 adj.特定的 　be particular about (find fault with)对……讲究/挑剔 　in particular=particularly尤其；特别；格外 upper adj.较上的，上面的(反lower) 　the upper class上层阶级 　the upper lip上嘴唇 flow vi.流，流动 n.[U]& [C]流动 detail n.细节(adj.detailed) 　in detail详细地 satisfaction n.满足，满意 　with satisfaction满意地 　to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是 sight n.视野 　catch sight of看见；瞥见 　lose sight of看不见 　lose one’s sight失明 　at first sight乍一看；初看时 　at the sight of一看见 　in/out of sight看见/看不见 amazedadj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的(amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的) response n.回答，答复 　in response to对……的答复；对……作出反应 　make a/no response to对……作出回应/不予回答 ◆三级词汇 athlete n.[C]运动员 frequency n.[U]&[C]发生的频率，发生率 jog vi.& n.[sing.]慢跑 　go jogging慢跑 　go for a jog慢跑 stair n.[pl.]楼梯；梯级 defeat vt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 n.[U]&[C]失败，战败 　suffer (a) defeat 遭受失败 　accept/acknowledge defeat 接受/承认失败 　defeat an enemy 打败敌人 *shot n.[C]投球，射球，击球；发射，射击；尝试，努力；机会 inspiration n.激动，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感 crash vi.& vt.猛撞 sharply adv.急剧地；毫不客气地，严厉地(adj.sharp；vt.sharpen) announcement n.通告，公告(v.announce) 　make an announcement 发布通告 defence n.防守队员，后卫(v.defend；adj.defensive)；防御，保卫 　in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护 　military defence 军事防御 bite vi.& vt.咬 quit vi.& vt.停止(做某事) 　quit doing sth.停止做某事 　quit school辍学 　quit a job离职 halfway adv.半途地 strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健(反weaken) 　strengthen cooperation 加强合作 　strengthen one’s body 强身健体 weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的 membership n.会员身份 oxygen n.氧 principle n.原则，基本的观念 muscle n.肌肉 medal n.奖牌；勋章 defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫 　defend...from/against 保护……以免受 　defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 net n.(网球等的)球网；网 court n.(网球等的)球场 19 ◆二级词汇 golf n.高尔夫 track n.跑道；足迹；小道 　track-and-field lovers田径爱好者 　keep track of the steps 记录步数 champion n.冠军，第一名 prohibit vt.禁止(n.prohibition；近 ban/forbid) 　prohibit doing sth.禁止做某事 　prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 　forbid sb.to do sth./forbid sb.from doing禁止某人做某事 20 guideline n.指导方针，指导原则 click vi.& vt.点击(鼠标) overnight adv.突然，一下子 achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的 bone n.骨头，骨 sweat n.汗水 overdo vt.把……做得过火 overtake vt.超过 gesture n.姿态；手势；姿势 　make gestures 做手势 21 ◆一级词汇 badminton n.羽毛球 gymnastics n.体操 bowling n.保龄球 skateboard n.滑板 vi.用滑板滑行 underdog n.处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 *bench n.替补队员席 clap vi.& vt.鼓掌，拍手 22 boxing n.拳击(运动) guy n.(非正式)男人，家伙 bounce vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹 　bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 shortcut n.捷径，近路 cyclist n.骑自行车者，自行车运动员 sportsmanship n.体育精神 *bronze n.铜 flexibility n.灵活性 23 核心短语与词块 1.rather than 而不是 2.try out for sth.参加……选拔 3.don’t speak to me any more 不再搭理我 4.pay off 取得成功；奏效 5.keep up with others 跟上其他人，与其他人同步 6.in case 以防万一 7.sign up for conference 报名参会 8.cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 9.be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的 10.in particular 尤其，特别 11.be capable of better work than this 有能力做得比这更好 12.take advantage of this opportunity 利用好这个机会 13.go on a diet 节食 14.meet the desire of different usages 满足不同用途的愿望 15.clap enthusiastically/heartily/liberally 热烈鼓掌 16.remind me of my childhood 让我想起了童年 17.in that case 那样的话 18.annual ceremony 年度典礼 19.in detail 详细地 20.feel awkward 感到尴尬 21.some tips for you 给你些建议 22.earn respect 赢得尊重 重点句式表达 1.too...to...太……而不能…… [教材原句]　It’s never too late to start getting into running and exercising... 开始跑步和锻炼永远不会太迟…… 2.“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级 [教材原句]　Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. 没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的更令人满意了。 3.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 [教材原句]　And don’t drink too much while running，or it’ll make you feel sick. 跑步时不要喝太多水，否则会让你感到不舒服。 4.This/That is because...这是/那是因为…… [教材原句]　This is all because I exercise quite regularly. 这都是因为我经常锻炼。 板块二　默写练习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 一、核心词汇 1. ____________ vt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 2. ____________ n.公司；一群人 3. ____________ n.冠军，第一名 4. ____________ n.渴望 5. ____________ vi.& vt.猛撞 6. ____________ vi.& vt.聚集，聚合 defeat company champion desire crash gather 7. ____________ n.包，包裹；绷带，敷布 vi.& vt.把……包起来 8. ____________ vt.赢得；博得 9. ____________ n.观众；听众 10. ____________ n.状况，场合；事例，实例 11. ____________ vi.& vt.停止(做某事) 12. ____________ n.建议，忠告，窍门 13. ____________ adj.一周一次的，每周的 14. ____________ adj.令人尴尬的 pack earn audience case quit tip weekly awkward 15. ____________ adj.能干的；能力强的 16. ____________ vt.预防；阻止，阻挡 17. ____________ n.数量，数额 18. ____________ n.视野 19. ____________ n.奖牌；勋章 20. ____________ n.姿态；手势；姿势 capable prevent amount sight medal gesture 31 二、拓展词汇 1.frequency n.发生的频率，发生率→____________ adj.频繁的；时 常发生的→____________ adv.频繁地，经常地 2.prefer vt.更喜欢→____________ n.偏爱，倾向；优先权 3.inspiration n.激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→_________ vt.激发；鼓舞；使产生灵感→____________ adj.借助于灵感创作 的；卓越的→____________ adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 frequent frequently preference inspire inspired inspiring 4.energy n.力量，活力→____________ adj.精力充沛的 energetic 32 5.crowd n.人群v.挤满；塞满；靠近→____________ adj.拥挤的 6.remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒→____________ n.引起回忆的事物；提醒者；提醒物 7.prohibit vt.禁止→____________ n.禁止 8.occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)→____________ adj.(人)无暇；忙碌；(物)在使用中；已占用的；无空闲的→____________ n.职业；占领 crowded reminder prohibition occupied occupation 9.disappointment n.失望；扫兴；沮丧→____________ vt.使失望 →_______________ adj.令人失望的→______________ adj.失望的；沮丧的 disappoint disappointing disappointed 33 10.relieve vt.减轻，缓解→____________ n.减轻，缓解；宽慰 11.particular n.尤其，特别adj.特定的→____________ adv.尤其，特别 12.benefit n.好处，益处→____________ adj.有好处的，有益的 13.achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的→____________ v.实现，获得 →____________ n.成就 14.satisfaction n.满足，满意→____________ vt.使满意；满足→____________________ adj.令人满意的→____________ adj.感到满意的 15.response n.回答，答复→____________ vi.回答，回复 relief particularly beneficial achieve achievement satisfy satisfying/satisfactory satisfied respond 34 Ⅱ.默写核心词块 1. ________________ 健康状况良好/不佳  2. ________________ 争取成为；参加……选拔  3. ____________ 猛撞，猛击  4. ____________ 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望)  5. ____________ 取得成功；奏效  6. ____________ 跟上，保持同步  7. ____________ 报名  8. ____________ (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来  9. ________________ 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的  10. ___________________ 利用某物  in good/bad shape try out for sth. crash into let sb.down pay off keep up with sign up cheer up be fed up with take advantage of sth. 35 Ⅲ.完成课文佳句 1.And clearly，all the extra hours that he’d spent__________________ ______.  很明显，他独自练习的所有额外时间都得到了回报。 2.Besides，anybody ___________________ can go for a run to _____________________.  此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。 3.Such kind of warm-down ____________________________.  这样的放松运动使你的身体在运动后得到放松。 4.In fact，Chinese influence in martial arts ______________________. 事实上，中国对武术的影响并不局限于功夫。 practising alone paid off who is feeling down cheer themselves up relaxes your body after exercise was not limited to kung fu 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)This photo is still on my desk today，which serves as a ____________ (remind) of trusting others and offering kindness. 2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.He tried muscle- relaxing drugs but found little ____________ (relieve). 3.The champion in the contest has a ____________ (prefer) for cycling and jogging，which can strengthen his muscles. reminder relief preference 4.Having a ____________(balance) diet can in particular help you strengthen your immune system and make you full of energy. 5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)No one can change your mind，except yourself.If you desire _____________ (challenge) yourself，there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.  6.All the people，men and women，young and old，were fighting against the flood in ____________ (defend) of their own homes. balanced to challenge defence 7.(2022·浙江1月卷)Because I was occupied in ___________ (make) preparations for our project on a daily basis，I did believe that I wouldn’t let my partner down. 8.There is a ____________ tax on imports and in a way，some people are ____________ from importing goods and everyone must obey the ____________.(prohibit) making prohibitive prohibited prohibition Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1.In order to be in good shape，_______________________________ (有规律的适量锻炼) is quite necessary.  2.With the help of their father，Jenna and Jeff finally succeeded in making breakfast.They smiled _______________ (满意地).And their father ________________________________ (对他们的表现很满意)，too.  a proper amount of regular exercise with satisfaction was satisfied with their performance 3.We didn’t invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans yet，_____________________________(更不用说超级智能机器了).  4.I prefer reading the magazine，which can ____________________ (这使得我能够赶上) the changes of modern times.Many articles _________________________ (以名言的形式结束)，which give me the inspiration to study harder to _____________________________ (在学习上赶上别人).  let alone super intelligent machines make me keep up with end up with famous sayings catch up with others in learning Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)就我而言，大多数学生更喜欢和水平相近的同学一起练习英语。(语言学习) As far as I am concerned，most students_________________________ ____________ with peers who are at a similar level.  2.直到那个时候我才意识到没有人比我更快乐。 It was not until then that I suddenly realized______________________ _______.  prefer practising/to practise English nobody was happier than I was 3.遵循上面的建议，你会发现很容易改变你的糟糕状况。(建议信之结束语) ______________________________________________ to change your terrible situation.  Follow the above suggestions and you will find it easy 4.(2023·全国乙卷)对我们来说，掌握一些基本的生活技能为我们未来的生活做准备是很重要的。这就是为什么我在五一期间学会了做饭。 It is important for us to master some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.______________________________________________ ________.  5.开车越小心越好。毕竟，生命是宝贵的。 ____________________________.After all，life is valuable.  That is why I learned how to cook during the May Day holiday You can’t be too careful to drive 44 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 精读真题提素养 课时作业 45 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 (1)prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事 宁愿做……而不愿做…… (2)have a preference for对……偏爱 1.prefer vt.(preferred；preferred；preferring) 较喜欢(like better)；选择某事物(而不选其他)→____________ n.偏爱，爱好；喜爱 preference ①(2025·八省联考)She prefers disorder to order，walking to ____________(drive)，and diversity to uniformity. ②(2022·全国乙卷)According to the above graph，65% of the students surveyed prefer ____________ (listen) to English songs to visiting English learning websites. (短文投稿) →According to the above graph，65% of the students surveyed______ _______________________________________________________. (prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.)  →According to the above graph，65% of the students surveyed______ _______________________________________________________. (would rather do sth.than do sth.)  driving listening prefer to listen to English songs rather than visit English learning websites would rather listen to English songs than visit English learning websites (1)have a desire to do...渴望做…… have a desire for...渴望…… (2)desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 desire that...(should) do sth.希望……(应该)做某事 2.desire n.渴望；欲望(appetite)；愿望 vt.渴望(long)；期望；向往→____________ adj.向往的，值得拥有的；可取的 desirable ①(外研必修三)Our desire ____________ (seek) risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.  ②The boy’s mother desires him ____________ (solve) this problem by himself.  ③得知将举办一场国画展，我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。(申请信) Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held，I’m writing _________________________________.  to seek to solve to express my desire to be a volunteer remind sb.of sb./sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起(类似的人或物) remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb.that...提醒某人…… 3.remind vt.提醒，使(某人)想起→____________ n.引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 reminder ①You’d better remind your grandfather ____________ (take) his medicine，in case he forgets.  ②(外研必修一)From time to time I look at the photo as a __________ (remind) to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. ③Although they are reminded not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous. →_______________________________，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.(过去分词短语作状语)  to take reminder Reminded not to drive after drinking in case假使；如果；万一 in case of假使；以防 in this/that case如果是这样/那样的话 in any case无论如何；总之 in no case决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事 4.case n.状况，场合；事例，实例；盒；箱 ①The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ___________ case they need medical assistance. ②(2025·八省联考) ____________ (无论如何)，find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.  ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I suggest that you put three to four students together，with one as the group leader. In this case we can communicate with each other at a great depth.(建议信) →I suggest that you put three to four students together，with one as the group leader，______________ we can communicate with each other at a great depth.(非限制性定语从句)  in In any case in which case (1)occupy oneself with sth.忙于某事；专心于某事 occupy oneself (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 (2)be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with sth.从事/忙于某事 5.occupy (occupied；occupied；occupying) vt.占用，占去(时间)，占据(take or keep possession of)→____________ adj.使用中；忙 于；被占领的→____________ n.占领；职业；工作 occupied occupation ①When you sign up for the course，you must state your name，age and ____________ (occupy) in your application form. ②The ____________ (occupy) occupied most of her time，thus leaving her least time for her family. ③She is occupied ___________ looking after three children at home，so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club. →_______________________________ three children at home，she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(现在分词短语作状语)  →________________________ three children at home，she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(过去分词短语作状语)  occupation occupation in Occupying herself (in) looking after Occupied (in) looking after [名师指津]　表示“忙于做某事”的短语：be busy with sth./(in) doing sth.；be employed with sth./in (doing) sth.；be engaged in (doing) sth.。 (1)relieve sb. of sth.解除某人的(负担、责任、职务等) (2)be relieved to do sth.做某事感到很宽慰/放心/开心 (3)to one’s relief=to the relief of sb.令某人感到欣慰的是 with relief宽慰地 6.relieve vt.减轻，缓解；解除(ease)→____________ n.解脱；(疼痛或问题)减轻，缓和；宽慰→____________ adj.感到宽慰的 relief relieved ①(译林选必一)One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots，giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and ____________ (relieve) feelings of homesickness. relieving ②____________________________________ (看到一辆车靠近，Alice松了一口气). When the driver with a smile offered a ride to her， she gasped ___________(宽慰地). Then，Alice finally got in the car， and _________________________________________ (一种温暖和解脱交织的感觉涌上心头). Reaching the tall building where her office was，Alice ______________________ (如释重负地松了口气). _____ ______________________________________________________________________________________(当她感谢陌生人的帮助时，感激的泪水涌入她的眼睛，但他只是暖暖地一笑). She felt warm in the cold day，and believed there was kindness in every corner.  Alice felt relieved to see a car approaching with relief a mixture of warmth and relief flooded over her breathed a sigh of relief Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger for his help，but he just smiled warmly in particular (=particularly)尤其，特别 be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究 7.particular n.尤其，特别 adj.特定的→____________ adv.尤其，特别 particularly ①(人教选必三改编)English speakers enjoy poems from China，____________ (particular) those from the Tang Dynasty. ②小女孩如此挑食，她父母感到特别焦虑和担心。(读后续写之焦虑心理描写) →The little girl was ____________________________ her parents felt especially anxious and concerned.  →______________________________ the little girl ____________ her parents felt especially anxious and concerned.(倒装句)  particularly so particular about/over food that So particular about/over food was that have the strength to do...有做……的力气/意志力 strengths and weaknesses优缺点 build up one’s strength 增强体质 8.strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健→____________ n.力量，体力 →____________ adj.坚强的；强壮的→____________ adv.坚定地；强有力地；强烈地(说服)；(气味)浓重地 strength strong strongly ①Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength ____________ (do) the most difficult thing in my life.  ②(2022·全国乙卷)学生自身亟须提高自律能力，家长和教师也亟须加强引导。(应用文之学习指导) It’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline，and it’s also urgent for parents and teachers ________________________.  to do to strengthen the guidance (1)be of benefit to对……有益 for one’s benefit (=for the benefit of sb.)为了某人的利益 (2)benefit from/by从……中受益 (3)be beneficial to对……有益 9.benefit n.好处，益处(good，advantage) vt.& vi.使受益，对(某人)有用；得益于→____________ adj.有利的，有裨益的 beneficial ①(译林必修三改编)Perhaps the scientists will indeed discover more medicines ____________ (benefit) to global health care. ②It is said that yoga is of great benefit ____________ health，so you can try it. ③It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme，and it is good to all of us. →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme，and ________________ all of us.(be＋of＋n.)  →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme，____________________________ all of us.(非限制性定语从句)  beneficial to it is of benefit to which is beneficial/of benefit to prevent/stop sb.(from)(doing)sth.阻止某人(做)某事(在被动结构中，介词from不可省略) keep sb. from (doing) sth.阻止某人(做)某事 10.prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→____________ n.预防；防止；防范→____________ adj.可以预防的 prevention preventable ①(北师大选必四)Doing so does nothing to prevent me ____________ hating you.  对……没有影响 from ②Law is made to punish crimes with an eye on ____________ (prevent). ③The firemen arrived quickly，so they ____________ (prevent) the fire from spreading. →The firemen arrived quickly，______________________________. (分词短语作状语)  prevention prevented preventing the fire from spreading (1)the amount of...……的数量 a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数) large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数) (2)amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于 11.amount n.金额；数量，数额 v.总计，共计；相当于，等于 ①Large amounts of previous working experience ____________ (be) of great benefit to my present occupation. ②暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助解决我家的燃眉之急。 The money I earned during the summer holidays __________________ ________，which could help solve my family’s burning problem.  are amounted to 300 dollars (1)be amazed at/by...对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth.对做某事感到惊奇 be amazed that...对……感到惊讶 (2)in amazement惊讶地 to one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 12.amazed adj.大为惊奇的；惊讶的(surprised，shocked，astonished)→____________ vt.使惊讶→____________ n.惊奇，惊愕→__________ adj.令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜的→___________ adv.惊人地，了不起地 amaze amazement amazing amazingly ①(外研选必三)Visitors are often ________ (amaze) to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)让我们吃惊的是，大卫左腿流着血，却能成功地跑过终点。 →_____________________，David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding.(amazement n.)  →We _____________________ David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding.(amazed adj.)  →David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding，_____________________.(非限制性定语从句； amazed adj.)  amazed To our amazement were amazed that which made us amazed (1)defend...against/from (doing...) 保护……免受…… defend sb.with sth.用……保护某人 (2)in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护 in one’s defence为某人辩护 13.defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫(protect，preserve，guard) →____________ n.保卫；防守队员，后卫；辩护→____________ adj.防御(性)的；防守的；保护的 defense defensive ①Some people learn martial arts to strengthen their bodies or defend themselves ____________ being bullied. ②狼紧紧地追在他后面，他下了自行车，拿起一根棍子保护自己。(动作描写) →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and ________________________________.(defense n.)  →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and ___________________________.(defend vt.)  against/from took up a stick in defense of himself defended himself with a stick ③他冒着生命危险保护我免受伤害，感激的泪水顺着我的脸颊流淌。(心理描写) ______________________________________________________ and tears of gratitude flowed down my cheeks.  He defended me against/from being injured at the risk of his life let in允许进入；容许 let alone更不用说；不管 let out发出；放出 let go of放；释放 14.let sb. down使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望) ①We should open the windows regularly to let fresh air ____________ so as to prevent diseases. ②看着黄手帕随风舞动，公交车上的孩子们跳了起来，拍着手，发出激动的欢呼声：“你亲爱的妻子没有辜负你。”这个男人欣慰地松了口气。 (读后续写之动作描写) Seeing many yellow handkerchiefs dancing in the wind，the children on the bus jumped to their feet，clapped their hands and____________ __________________，“Your beloved wife __________________.” The man sighed in relief.  in let out loud shouts of excitement didn’t let you down [教材原句]　This is all because I exercise quite regularly.这都是因为我经常锻炼。 我强烈推荐你上听说课。这是因为这门课可以帮助你更快地适应中国的生活。(推荐信) (1)This/That is why...这/那就是……的原因 (2)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句) 15.This/That is because...这/那是因为…… →I strongly recommend the listening and speaking course.__________ ________________________________________________________. (this is because)  →The course can help you to adapt to the life in China sooner. _______ ____________________________________________________.(this is why)  →_____________________________________________________________________ the course can help you to adapt to the life in China sooner. (the reason why...is that...)  This is because the course can help you to adapt to the life in China sooner This is why I strongly recommend the listening and speaking course The reason why I strongly recommend the listening and speaking course is that [教材原句]　And don’t drink too much while running，or it’ll make you feel sick. 跑步时不要喝太多水，否则会让你感到不舒服。 “祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and或or之后的句子相当于主句。具体用法如下： (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句=If...，＋主句 (2)祈使句＋or/otherwise/or else ＋陈述句=If...not...，＋主句 (3)名词词组(常含有more，another等词)＋and＋陈述句 16.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 ①(外研选必一)Keep trying ____________ eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you...” ②Keep a balanced diet rather than only consuming meat，_________ you will be in bad shape. ③如果听从以上建议，你会发现摆脱你现在的窘境很简单。(建议 信) →_______________________________，you will find it easy to get rid of your present awkward situation. (含if条件句的复合句)  →__________________________，and you will find it easy to get rid of your present awkward situation.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)  and or If you follow the above suggestions Follow the above suggestions [教材原句]　There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of. 没有更好的方法来了解你自己，看看你能做些什么。 最高级意义的多种表达法： (1)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than) (2)否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as (3)比较级＋than＋ 17.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级 ①(译林必修三)We had never felt ____________ (close) to each other. ②(2022·浙江1月卷)我的搭档真诚地提醒我，“当你做我们的项目的时候，怎么细心都不为过。” My partner reminded me sincerely，“You_______________________ ________________ when doing our project.”  ③就我个人而言，没有什么比身体健康更重要的了。(观点态度) As far as I’m concerned，_________________________________.  closer can’t be too careful/can’t be careful enough nothing is more important than health Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I chose to paint a large，vibrant tree surrounded by colorful flowers because it reminded me ____________ the beauty and tranquility of the park. 2.She has a strong desire ____________ knowledge and wants to go to college very much. 3.The local government prohibits boats ____________ entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe. 4.We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because ____________ no case should theory be separated from practice. of for from in 5.Domestic robots are of great help to housewives because they can relieve them ____________ household chores. 6.He is a very open-minded man，and won’t be particular ____________ these small things. 7.To make members of the team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their ____________ (strong) and weaknesses. 8.The situation in that country should be prevented ____________ becoming worse and worse. of about/over strengths from 9.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小 径)，camping，or just enjoying the park’s ____________ (amaze) wildlife from the road，this quick workshop is for you and your family. 10.Nobody is _________________ (professional) at repairing computers than Mr.Brown in the town.  amazing more professional Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1.比起去图书馆，我更喜欢上网找资料。 ________________ the library，I _______________________ to look for information.  2.(2022·浙江6月卷)我尤其强调的是自习室能够让我们更独立、更高效地学习。 _________________________________________ is that the self-study room enables us to study more independently and more efficiently.  Rather than go to prefer to surf the Internet What I particularly/in particular stress/emphasize 3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)令我满意的是，在老师的帮助下，我终于成功地写了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头，满意地笑了。 ________________，with the help of my teacher，I finally succeeded in _________________________________.My teacher nodded her head，_____________________.  To my satisfaction writing a satisfying/satisfactory article smiling with satisfaction 4.汤姆太小了，不能去上学。因此，他的妈妈在家照看他。 →Tom is ________________________.Therefore，his mother takes care of him at home.(too...to...)  →Tom is ___________________________.Therefore，his mother takes care of him at home.(not enough...to...)  →Tom is ______________________________.Therefore，his mother takes care of him at home.(so...that...)  too young to go to school not old enough to go to school so young that he can’t go to school 5.他有许多经验，因此我保证您不可能找到比他更胜任这个职位的人了。另外，没人比他更慷慨更善良。(推荐信) He has a large amount of experience，so I make sure that you________ ______________________________________________. Besides， ______________________________________________.   can’t find a person more qualified for the position than him nobody is more generous and kind-hearted than him Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1.track A.n.足迹　 B.n.小路；小径　 C.n.跑道；轨道　 D.vt.跟踪；追踪　 E.n.思路，行为方式 (1)(2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. 　____________ C A.n.足迹　 B.n.小路；小径　 C.n.跑道；轨道　 D.vt.跟踪；追踪　 E.n.思路，行为方式 (2)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line” activity. 　____________ (3)The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track.________ D B A.n.足迹　 B.n.小路；小径　 C.n.跑道；轨道　 D.vt.跟踪；追踪　 E.n.思路，行为方式 (4)(2024·浙江1月卷)Jessica Pink，an undergraduate student，suggests taking online courses with a friend，so you can motivate each other to stay on track. 　____________ (5)“Don’t be late for supper，”Uncle Paul cried，“and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” 　__________ E A A.n.人群；一群人　B.vt.(想法或观点)涌入(脑子)　 C.vt.挤满 (1)The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down. 　____________ (2)On hearing what he said，a lot of confused thoughts crowded my brain. 　____________ (3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms，the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. 　________ 2.crowd C B A A.n.小费　 B.n.技巧；提示　 C.n.尖；尖端　 D.vt.付小费　 E.v.倾倒；(使)倾斜 (1)(2022·全国甲卷)And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego，the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. 　____________ (2)After I had my hair cut，I gave the hairdresser a tip. 　____________ 3.tip C A A.n.小费　 B.n.技巧；提示　 C.n.尖；尖端　 D.vt.付小费　 E.v.倾倒；(使)倾斜 (3)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. 　 ____________ (4)The seat tips forward to allow passengers into the back. 　____________ (5)She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service. 　____________ B E D 培优2　单元话题写作——体育与健康 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 　　I prefer to play outdoor sports.In all the sports，jogging ①______ ____________ (尤其) has many benefits.Firstly，you don’t need a gym membership or any equipment.Besides，it is not a competitive sport， so you ②___________________________________ (不需要担心碰撞 到其他人) and even the old ③ can do it (词汇升级：______________ _________).Jogging can help ④________________ (缓解你的压力) in particular needn’t worry about crashing into others are capable of doing it relieve your stress and reduce your blood pressure as well.But don’t expect to lose weight by jogging overnight.⑤____________ (确保) you take a proper amount of exercise regularly and ⑥____________________ (均衡的饮食)，and you will ⑦_______________ (身体状况良好).Then ⑧__________ __________ (你的汗水得到回报).  Make sure have a balanced diet be in good shape your sweat pays off 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [动作描写]　jog；cycle；defeat；crash；keep up with；clap；bounce；bite；strengthen；defend [情感描写]　desire；let sb. down；disappointment；amazed→ amazingly；be fed up with；awkward；relieve→ relief；satisfaction 美句 1.Suddenly，a player and I crashed into each other.Pain raced through my body.My knee hurt badly.The team gathered around，looking worried.(动作描写) 2.Paul jumped up and rushed onto the court.And clearly，all the extra hours that he’d spent practising alone paid off.The other team just couldn’t keep up with his energy and speed.He made shot after shot，and the crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering.(动作描写) 3.“Well，” said the coach as he hit Paul on the shoulder，“you’ve just earned your place on the team，big guy!”(直接引语) 4.Besides，anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up.(情感描写) Step 2　语料运用 在一个清爽的早晨，莎拉跟在骑车的杰克后慢跑，决心跟上他的步伐。突然，杰克摔倒了，但他很快就爬了起来，决心不让摔倒打败他。莎拉冲到他身边，拍拍他的背说：“你太棒了!你从未让我们失望过。”那次事故加强了他们的关系，那是因为他们互相保护对方，不让对方感到失望。莎拉注意到杰克尴尬的微笑，但它很快就变成了解脱，因为他们都从共同的挣扎中获得了满足感。“我们会继续努力，”杰克眼睛闪闪发光地说。 　　On a crisp/clear morning，Sarah jogged alongside her friend Jack as he cycled， ①______________________________. Suddenly，Jack crashed，but he quickly bounced back，determined not to ②____________________.Sarah rushed to his side，③_______________________ ____________，“④_______________! ⑤______ _________________.” The accident strengthened their bond. ⑥______________________________ ______________________________. Sarah noticed Jack’s awkward smile，⑦____________________ _________ as they both felt ⑧_________________ from their shared struggle. “We’ll keep pushing，” Jack said，his eyes glistening.  determined to keep up with his pace let the fall defeat him clapping him on the back and saying You’re amazing You never let us down That’s because they defended each other from feelings of disappointment but it soon turned into relief a sense of satisfaction 【情感细节描写：宽慰与温暖】 语料积累 单词 comfort n.舒适；安逸；安慰；令人感到安慰的人/物　warm adj.温暖的→warmly adv.温暖地→warmth n.温暖 词块 to one’s relief 使某人宽慰的是 a mixture of warmth and relief既温暖又宽慰 breathe a sigh of relief/gasp with relief松了一口气 feel a surge of relief感到如释重负 wipe the tears from one’s cheeks擦去某人脸上的眼泪 look sb. gently/tenderly in the eye温柔地直视某人 cast a comforting/gentle/an encouraging glance at sb.向某人投去安慰/温柔/鼓励的目光 gather sb. into one’s arms把某人揽入怀里 pat sb.on the shoulder轻拍某人的肩膀 句型 When I heard this，a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart.(无生命名词作主语) 当我听到这句话时，我的内心深处既温暖又欣慰。 She stroked her fingers through my hair and said，“Things are going to be fine.” 她用手指抚摸着我的头发说：“一切都会好起来的。” He reached out his hand with his fingers forming a “heart”，saying，“I’ll always be there with you.”(with复合结构) 他伸出手，用手指比成“心形”，说：“我将永远与你同在。” 句型 She held my hands，looking me gently in the eye and saying，“Thank you so much!You have no idea how much this means to me.”(现在分词短语作状语) 她握着我的手，温柔地看着我的眼睛说：“非常感谢!你不知道这对我有多重要。” What made me relieved was that I finally finished the task on time.(what引导的主语从句) 使我感到宽慰的是，我终于按时完成了任务。 精读真题提素养 精读真题提素养/在语篇集训中拓展单元主题 　　•阅读理解(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·D) 　　As we age，even if we’re healthy，the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s.And among people who don’t exercise，the changes can start even sooner. 　　“Think of a rubber band.In the beginning，it is flexible，but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，” says Dr.Ben Levine，a heart specialist at the University of Texas.That’s what happens to the heart.Fortunately for those in midlife，Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser，getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. 　　Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups.The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.After two years，the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.  　　“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine.“And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change，he says. 　　“The sweet spot in life to start exercising，if you haven’t already，is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.“We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program，and nothing happened to them at all.” 　　Dr.Nieca Goldberg，a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association，says Levine’s findings are a great start.But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了锻炼对心脏的好处。 32.What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band? A.The right way of exercising. B.The causes of a heart attack. C.The difficulty of keeping fit. D.The aging process of the heart. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程，故选D。 33.In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A.Diet plan. B.Professional background. C.Exercise type. D.Previous physical condition. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.(第一组每周参加三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动)”可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同，故选C。 34.What does Levine’s research find? A.Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise. B.High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young. C.It is never too late for people to start taking exercise. D.The more exercise we do，the stronger our hearts get. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.After two years，the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.(第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善)”和第四段的“‘We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts，’says Levine.(莱文说：‘我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回30或35岁的心脏。’)”可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A。 35.What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest? A.Making use of the findings. B.Interviewing the study participants. C.Conducting further research. D.Clarifying the purpose of the study. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.(但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响)”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议做进一步的研究。故选C。 【词汇识记】 1.efficient adj.生效的，效率高的 2.process v.处理，加工 n.步骤，程序 3.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的 4.randomly adv.随机地；胡乱地 5.improve v.改善，改进 6.otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外，在其他方面 7.remarkable adj.引人注目的，非凡的 8.routine n.常规，惯例 9.intense adj.很大的，十分强烈的 10.make the biggest difference起最重要的作用 11.show up露面；露出 12.determine v.决定→determined adj.坚定的；坚决的→determination n.决心；毅力 13.flexible adj.灵活的；柔韧的→flexibility n.灵活性；弹性 14.participate v.参加，参与→participation n.参加，参与→participant n.参加者，参与者 15.guide v.带领，引导→guidance n.指导，指引 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) 1.As we age，even if we’re healthy，the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. 　____________ 2.Fortunately for those in midlife，Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser，getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. 　____________ 3.The sweet spot in life to start exercising，if you haven’t already，is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility... 　__________ 变老 身体状况 最佳阶段 【难句分析】 Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. [译文选择] A.莱文和他的研究团队选取了45到64岁的志愿者，这些人锻炼不多，但其他方面都很健康。 B.莱文和他的研究团队选取了45到64岁的志愿者，这些人锻炼不多，否则的话也很健康。(A) [结构分析] 本句是主从复合句。aged between 45 and 64是过去分词短语作定语，修饰volunteers； who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy是定语从句，也修饰volunteers。 课时作业 课时作业3 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·湖南长沙期中)For the rapidly decreasing number of Americans who’ve never heard of pickleball，the little-known paddleball game is one of America’s fastest-growing sports. Invented in 1965 by three middle-aged fathers in Washington State，pickleball is an odd cross among tennis，ping-pong and badminton，played with a paddle and a perforated (穿孔的) plastic ball. The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles. Most of pickleball’s core players—those who play more than eight times per year—are over age 65，but the game is getting younger，with the strongest growth among players under 55，according to USA Pickleball. But with so many new players，the US is struggling to keep up with the demand for courts. The country has only about 10，000 places to play，by USA Pickleball’s count，but that continues to grow by several dozen every month. Pickleball is also fast becoming a spectator sport (观赏性体育运动). Its first professional tournament，the Professional Pickleball Association (PPA) Tour，was formed in 2018 and the professional players are being able to really become celebrities and spotlights. Traditional broadcasters’ interest in the sport is growing. So far，pickleball fans can watch amateur and professional matches on sports or social channels，mostly online. “The ability for a sport to find an audience quickly via social media is unprecedented (前所未有的)，” says Ben Shields，who lectures at MIT Sloan School of Management and studies the sports industry. Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences，who has been the key to success for other sports leagues—that also started with grassroots and unusual names. “I think if pickleball，in its own humble way，can continue to grow its participation and find ways to make the sport an appealing fan product，who knows，10 or 20 years later，it could be a big competitor in the global sports industry.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国快速发展的运动项目——匹克球。 1.What do we know about the pickleball game from the text?(　　) A.It was named after a dog. B.It is popular among young kids. C.It’s a cross between tennis and volleyball. D.It was invented by three ordinary women. 1 2 3 4 A 解析：细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“The founders are said to have named the game after a family dog called Pickles.”可知，匹克球运动是以一条狗的名字命名的，故选A。 2.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? (　　) A.The playing time. B.The form of matches. C.The number of courts. D.The participation rate. 1 2 3 4 C 解析：代词指代题。 根据画线词前的“The country has only about 10，000 places to play，by USA Pickleball’s count”可知，这个国家只有大约1万个匹克球运动场地，再根据画线词后的“continues to grow”可推知，此处指的是“比赛场地的数量”，即比赛场地的数量继续以每个月几十个的速度增长，故选C。 1 2 3 4 3.Which best describes “a famous star” to pickleball according to Ben Shields?(　　) A.Humble.　　　　　　　　 B.Inflexible. C.Harmful. D.Influential. 1 2 3 4 D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Shields adds that pickleball still needs a famous star to draw in wider audiences”可知，“a famous star”的作用是吸引更多的观众，所以推测“a famous star”对于匹克球运动而言应该是具有很大影响力的，故选D。 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?(　　) A.The History of Pickleball B.The Growing Popularity of Pickleball C.The Rise and Fall of Pickleball D.The Rules of Playing Pickleball 1 2 3 4 B 解析：标题归纳题。 通读全文可知，文章第一段首先引出了匹克球这项运动在美国发展很快，第二段介绍了匹克球的起源，接着介绍了这项运动的发展和前景。所以文章主要围绕“匹克球运动的快速发展”这个主题展开，故B项是最佳标题。 B (2024·河北石家庄质检二)When it comes to lowering blood pressure，studies have typically shown that aerobic (有氧的) exercises are best.Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure. Exercises that engage muscles without movement，such as wall squats and planks，may be best for lowering blood pressure，according to a large study published in July，2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. This type of training is known as isometric exercises，according to the Mayo Clinic.Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length，and the joints involved don’t move，facilitating stability of the body.Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without，just relying on the body’s own weight.  “These findings provide a comprehensive data-driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure，” said study coauthor Dr.Jamie O’Driscoll in a news release. The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions，lasting two or more weeks，on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023.From a review of 270 trials with 15，827 participants，the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training)，isometric exercises，aerobic exercises，dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two，isometric exercises led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure. It’s also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure.These include keeping to a healthy weight，eating a balanced diet，cutting down on salt，not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication. “More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training，” the authors said. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，在没有运动的情况下锻炼肌肉可能最适合降低血压。 5.What does the underlined part “isometric exercises” in paragraph 3 refer to?(　　) A.Exercises that are done with extra weights. B.Exercises that involve visible muscle contraction. C.Exercises that focus on stability of the body. D.Exercises that engage muscles without movement. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的内容可知，不动的肌肉锻炼可能是降血压的最佳方式，结合画线短语前的“This type of training”可知，这种类型的训练指的是上文中提到的“不移动即可锻炼肌肉的锻炼”，由此可知，画线短语应与“不移动即可锻炼肌肉的锻 炼”意义相近。 5 6 7 8 6.How did the researchers carry out the study?(　　) A.By providing statistics. B.By interviewing experts. C.By doing experiments. D.By making comparisons. 5 6 7 8 D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“From a review of 270 trials with 15，827 participants，the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training)，isometric exercises，aerobic exercises，dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two，isometric exercises led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure.”可知，此项研究是对以前的研究数据进行分析，通过比较得出的研究结论——等长运动能最大程度地降低血压，由此可知，该项实验是通过对比进行的。 5 6 7 8 7.What does the author suggest the future studies about isometric exercises focus on?(　　) A.Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness. B.Demonstrating its influences on mental health. C.Assessing its suitability for different populations. D.Determining its long-term impacts on blood pressure. 5 6 7 8 A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，接下来需要更多的研究确定为什么等长运动比其他运动更能降低血压，由此可知，作者建议未来关于等长运动的研究重点是探究其有效性的原因。 146 8.What is the text mainly about?(　　) A.The benefits of aerobic exercises. B.The best exercise for blood pressure. C.The effects of various types of exercises. D.The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle. 5 6 7 8 B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure.”以及下文中介绍的该项研究的研究过程和分析可知，新的研究发现一种体育活动值得作为预防和治疗高血压的有效工具，由此可知，本文主要讲述的是一项对降血压最好的运动。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·东北名校第四次检测)My friendship with the students in a primary school in Uganda started on a shaky ground.The 　1　 of not being understood was hidden within，for they spoke a language different from that of mine and mine too fell on 　2　 ears.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 I greeted them with a broad smile，and they replied with ice cold 　3　 when I spoke further.A 　4　 echoed (回响) in my mind：you must live through it to get to them.So I gave it another try.I spoke 　5　 English with hand gestures and a bit of dancing.If all failed，the smile would 　6　.Soon we picked up and then the 　7　 of the learners came into play.At the mention of a name，reddish cheeks and shaking voices were the response I got.I decided to 　8　 a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer.After school，I 　9　 them home.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 　10　，we became friends.They were even aware of my favorite fruit，avocado (牛油果).If I didn’t get one on my desk，it would 　11　 me wherever I was.My slippers were 　12　.One night I left them out as no one could steal a pair of slippers in that state.The next morning，I was ready to drag my slippers on as usual and I was surprised they had been 　13　.Wow!  The little things we do for each other bring us great joy and　14　.We don’t have a proper spoken language，but we are fluent in the language of 　15　.  1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在乌干达一所学校任教期间因语言不通和学生产生了隔阂，但在作者和学生们的努力下，他们由最初的不理解到彼此为对方做些小事来拉近距离，并最终成了好朋友的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 1.A.anger B.fear C.desire D.belief 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文“for they spoke a language different from”可知，因为他们说的语言和作者说的不同，双方都听不懂对方的话，作者把不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心。A.anger愤怒；B.fear恐惧；C.desire愿望；D.belief信仰。 2.A.sharp B.all C.long D.deaf 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“for they spoke a language different from that of mine”可知，双方都听不懂对方的话，deaf ears表示“置若罔闻”，符合句意。A.sharp锋利的；B.all全部的；C.long长的；D.deaf聋的。 3.A.silence B.blame C.comment D.agreement 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“The 　1　_of not being understood was hidden within (不被理解的恐惧隐藏在内心)”和“ice cold”可推知，此处为当作者继续说话时，孩子们无法理解，所以以冰冷的沉默回应。A.silence沉默；B.blame责备；C.comment评论；D.agreement赞同。  4.A.puzzle B.doubt C.reminder D.relief 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据下文“you must live through it to get to them”可知，这里指一个想法一直提醒着作者。A.puzzle令人费解的事；B.doubt怀疑；C.reminder提醒物；D.relief救济，宽慰。 5.A.official B.simple C.academic D.unusual 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“So I gave it another try ”可推知，此处表示作者说简单的英语来让孩子们理解。A.official官方的；B.simple简单的；C.academic学术的；D.unusual不寻常的。 6.A.turn out B.break off C.die away D.take over 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“If all failed”可推知，此处表示如果一切都失败了，微笑会取代一切，因为微笑没有国界，是最好的肢体语言。A.turn out结果是；B.break off中断；C.die away逐渐消失；D.take over接管，取代。 7.A.laziness B.shyness C.loneliness D.calmness 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据下文“At the mention of a name，reddish cheeks and shaking voices were the response I got.”可知，这里指学习者的害 羞。A.laziness懒惰；B.shyness害羞；C.loneliness孤独；D.calmness镇静。 8.A.share B.clear C.search D.exchange 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文“to get closer”可知，此处为作者决定和一个团队分享一张桌子从而更接近他们。A.share共享；B.clear清除，清理；C.search搜寻；D.exchange交换。 9.A.prevented B.forced C.accompanied D.allowed 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文“I decided to 　8　 a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer.”可知，作者为了能够接近学生们，除了和学生们共用一张桌子，放学后还要陪学生回家。  10.A.Suddenly B.Gradually C.Accidentally D.Obviously 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I decided to 　8　 a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer.”可推知，此处为作者“破冰”行动后的结果：渐渐地，他们成了朋友。A.Suddenly突然；B.Gradually渐渐地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Obviously明显地。  11.A.miss B.leave C.refuse D.find 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“If I didn’t get one on my desk”以及语境可知，这里指学生们一定要找到作者，把牛油果送给作者。A.miss错过，想念；B.leave离开，留下；C.refuse拒绝；D.find找到。 12.A.worn out B.put out C.made out D.carried out 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据下文“One night I left them out as no one could steal a pair of slippers in that state.”可知，这里指作者的拖鞋是穿破了。 13.A.packed B.cleaned C.abandoned D.repaired 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：D 解析：根据上文“My slippers were 　12　.One night I left them out as no one could steal a pair of slippers in that state.”以及此处的惊讶可推知，这里指拖鞋已经修补好了。  14.A.freedom B.chance C.warmth D.challenge 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：C 解析：根据上文作者开始陪伴孩子们回家，孩子们给作者送牛油果以及修补拖鞋等这些小事可知，这都是温暖人心的善举，warmth表示“温暖”，符合语境。A.freedom自由；B.chance机会；C.warmth温暖；D.challenge挑战。 15.A.friendship B.admiration C.sympathy D.confidence 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 答案：A 解析：根据上文“bring us great joy and 　14　”可知，此处表示虽然没有合适的说话语言，但在友谊的语言上的交流是很流利的。A.friendship友谊；B.admiration钦佩；C.sympathy同情；D.confidence自信心。  二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.3：demand n.需要，需求 Para.4：professional adj.职业的，专业的　celebrity n.名人，名流　amateur adj.业余的 Para.5：participation n.参加　appealing adj.有吸引力的，有感染力的 核心 短语 Para.2：name...after...以……给……命名 Para.3：keep up with跟上 Para.5：draw in sb.把某人吸引进来 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：lower v.减少；降低　typically adv.通常；一般 Para.3：facilitate v.促进；促使；使便利 核心 短语 Para.1：when it comes to当谈到……的时候 Para.6：cut down on减少，削减　prescribed medication处方药 词缀 变形 Para.3：stable adj.稳定的；稳固的；牢固的→stability n.稳定(性)；稳固(性) Para.4：recommend v.推荐；举荐；介绍→recommendation n.推荐；介绍；提议 Para.5：reduce v.减少→reduction n.减少；缩小；降低 B 篇 熟词 生义 contract (Para.3)基本义：n.合同；合约；契约　文章义：v.(使)收缩，缩小 例句：Blood is expelled from the heart when it contracts. 血液在心脏收缩的时候从心脏流出。 难句 分析 These include keeping to a healthy weight，eating a balanced diet，cutting down on salt，not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication.(Para.6) 分析：本句中these是主语，include是谓语，keeping to...eating a...cutting down...not drinking...ensuring that...为五个并列的宾语，that后面是宾语从句。 译文：这些包括保持健康的体重、均衡饮食、减少盐的摄入、不过量饮酒以及确保您继续服用任何处方药。 课时作业4 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A 　　(2024·贵州贵阳二模) How to yum cha in Hong Kong For Hong Kongers，a quality restaurant could become a family haunt that’s visited for generations to come.Here are some of the best places for chowing down on these steam-basket goodies. Forum Founded by a legendary abalone (鲍鱼) master，this three Michelin-star restaurant serves classic Cantonese dim sum with an attention to detail that can only be described as impeccable (无瑕疵的).If you want to know what perfect dim sum tastes like，head to Forum. Sun Hing As the chefs begin kneading (捏) dough and wrapping buns in the middle of the night，neighbors slowly fill the seats and wait for its freshly made dumplings and stir-fried milk puffs.There is no menu or ordering sheet here.Diners choose their dim sum from the display towers located at the counter. Golden Valley Golden Valley offers two styles of Chinese cuisine—Cantonese and Sichuanese—on one dim sum menu.Golden Valley’s dumplings are a refreshing and sumptuous (豪华的) pocket of shrimp，mushrooms，pork and water chestnuts，while its Sichuanese dan dan noodles are flavorfully spicy. Veggie Kingdom Veggie Kingdom boasts a pretty impressive meatless dim sum experience that even non-vegetarians wouldn’t feel lacking.Helmed by a veteran dim sum chef，Veggie Kingdom makes fresh vegan dishes using traditional cooking techniques.Specially-treated vegetable oil is used to replace lard (猪油) and butter.Mushrooms are added to replace the usual pork fillings. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是香港的几家高质量餐厅。 1.What is Sun Hing’s feature?(　　) A.It was founded by a famed master. B.It offers special kinds of noodles. C.It offers dim sum to night owls. D.It offers menus to order food. 1 2 3 C 解析：细节理解题。根据Sun Hing部分中“As the chefs begin kneading dough and wrapping buns in the middle of the night，neighbors slowly fill the seats and wait for its freshly made dumplings and stir-fried milk puffs.”可知，厨师们在深夜开始揉面团和包馒头，邻居们会慢慢填满座位，等待新鲜制作的饺子和炒牛奶泡芙即它为夜猫子提供点心。 1 2 3 2.Which restaurant best suits visitors who dislike meat?(　　) A.Golden Valley. B.Veggie Kingdom. C.Forum. D.Sun Hing. 1 2 3 B 解析：细节理解题。根据Veggie Kingdom部分中“Veggie Kingdom boasts a pretty impressive meatless dim sum experience that even non-vegetarians wouldn’t feel lacking.”可知，Veggie Kingdom是一家拥有令人印象深刻的无肉点心体验的餐厅，甚至非素食者也会感觉不到缺失。由此可知，不喜欢吃肉的人可以选择Veggie Kingdom这家餐厅。 1 2 3 3.In which section of a magazine can the text be found?(　　) A.Business. B.Travel. C.Entertainment. D.Health. 1 2 3 B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here are some of the best places for chowing down on these steam-basket goodies.”可知，文章介绍了香港早茶餐厅，让人们了解在哪里品尝最好的点心。由此推知，这篇文章可能出现在旅游栏目中。 B (2024·山东济南调研)From the day we’re born，curiosity becomes a primary driving force that motivates us to explore unknown ideas and territories in search of answers and stimulations.Human beings have an inborn desire to close the “curiosity gap” every day. A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.Evan Polman，assistant professor of marketing at the University of Wisconsin-Madison，said，“Our research shows that fueling people’s curiosity can influence their choices by turning them away from inviting desires，like unhealthy foods or taking the elevator，and toward less inviting but healthier options，such as buying more fresh produce or taking the stairs.” To prove the positive potential of the curiosity gap，Polman and his team conducted a series of experiments designed to test how curiosity affected the choices people made positively.In each study，arousing curiosity resulted in noticeable behavior change.For example，in one of the experiments，Polman increased the number of participants who chose to watch a video of academic nature by promising that they would reveal the secret behind a magic trick at the end of the video. The results of the field studies on curiosity were particularly convincing to Polman.In one field study，the researchers created a 10 percent increase in the use of stairs in a university building by posting trivial (琐事) questions near the elevators and posting the answers in the stairwell.In another，they increased the purchase of fresh produce by placing a joke on the posters describing the fruit or vegetable. Polman was surprised by the degree that taking advantage of the curiosity gap could motivate people to automatically make healthier lifestyle choices.He concluded，“Our results suggest that using interventions based on curiosity gaps has the potential to increase participation in desired behaviors for which people often lack motivation.It also provides new evidence that curiosity-based interventions come at an incredibly small cost and could help push people toward a variety of positive actions.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了好奇心对人们作出更聪明和更健康的生活选择具有积极影响的研究发现。 4.What did a recent study find about curiosity?(　　) A.It fuels people’s desires. B.It lowers people’s buying. C.It benefits people’s health. D.It determines people’s lives. 4 5 6 7 C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.”可知，研究发现，好奇心能够成为一种高度有效的方式，引导人们作出更聪明和更健康的生活选择。 5.What are those experiments by Polman’s team aimed at?(　　) A.Supporting a finding. B.Raising a research topic. C.Arousing scientists’ interest. D.Displaying negative evidence. 5 6 7 4 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To prove the positive potential of the curiosity gap，Polman and his team conducted a series of experiments designed to test how curiosity affected the choices people made positively.”可知，为了证明好奇心差距的积极潜力，Polman和他的团队进行了一系列实验，即Polman团队的实验旨在证明好奇心如何积极影响人们的选择。 5 6 7 4 6.What is Polman’s attitude to the results of field studies?(　　) A.Doubtful.　　　　　　　 B.Unclear. C.Approving. D.Dismissive. 5 6 7 4 C 解析：观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的“The results of the field studies on curiosity were particularly convincing to Polman.”可知，Polman对野外实地研究的结果是极其信服的，由此可知，Polman对野外实地研究的结果是赞同的。 7.What is a suitable title for the text?(　　) A.How to stay curious B.The magic of curiosity C.How to make health choices D.The two sides of curiosity gap 5 6 7 4 B 191 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段中“A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.”以及通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讲述了好奇心对人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择具有积极影响的研究发现。B选项“The magic of curiosity”概括文章主要内容。 5 6 7 4 192 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 　 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了过度训练的危害、恢复方式和预防措施。 　　(2024·山东济南一模) Risks of Overtraining Getting into shape and training for an event such as a marathon requires long-lasting and intense physical commitment.1(　　) But the truth is，sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits.  A.It’s easy to measure and track. B.Allowing time for recovery is also essential. C.The problem is that they show up very gradually. D.Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining. E.Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals. F.If far beyond，it’ll take longer to adapt and may cause injury. G.We generally assume regular intense exercise is good for our health. 1.答案：G 解析：空前讲到了“为马拉松这样的项目强身健体和训练需要长期和高强度的身体投入”，而空后则是转折“但是事实上，有时候我们为获得健康而做的事情实际上会推动我们超越身体的极限”。由此可知，空处讲到的应该是“长期和高强度的身体投入”是可取的，故G项“我们通常认为定期的高强度运动对我们的健康有益”符合语境，且G项中的“We generally assume”和空后的“the truth is”形成了明显的转折。 Specifically，overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout.2(　　) People tend to ignore them. Over time，the cycle of starting the next training session before allowing recovery causes breakdown of the very parts of the body that you work so hard to build up.  A.It’s easy to measure and track. B.Allowing time for recovery is also essential. C.The problem is that they show up very gradually. D.Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining. E.Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals. F.If far beyond，it’ll take longer to adapt and may cause injury. G.We generally assume regular intense exercise is good for our health. 2.答案：C 解析：空前讲到了“过度训练是指你的身体在下一次锻炼前不能充分恢复的一系列迹象”，而空后讲到了“人们往往会忽略它们”。由此可知，“一系列迹象”是不容易被人发现的，C项“问题是它们是逐渐出现的”说明了不易被人发现的原因，且C项中的they指代上文中的“a set of signs”，故选C。 The structures and systems of your body adapt to the demands you have placed on them before the rest time. If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability，it will adapt to what you did in a positive way.3(　　) A.It’s easy to measure and track. B.Allowing time for recovery is also essential. C.The problem is that they show up very gradually. D.Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining. E.Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals. F.If far beyond，it’ll take longer to adapt and may cause injury. G.We generally assume regular intense exercise is good for our health. 3.答案：F 解析：空前讲到了“如果你的锻炼稍微超出了你目前的能力，它将以一种积极的方式适应你的锻炼”，F项“如果远远超过(你目前的能力)，它将需要更长的时间来适应，而且可能造成伤害”与上文形成了递进关系，故F项符合语境。 Two main factors are necessary in recovery：nutrition and rest. Good nutrition，including water and protein intake，is extremely important，especially within 40 minutes of your workout.4(　　)Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time，especially sleep，to strengthen.  A.It’s easy to measure and track. B.Allowing time for recovery is also essential. C.The problem is that they show up very gradually. D.Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining. E.Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals. F.If far beyond，it’ll take longer to adapt and may cause injury. G.We generally assume regular intense exercise is good for our health. 4.答案：B 解析：本段主旨句为“Two main factors are necessary in recovery：nutrition and rest.”，空前已经讲到了“nutrition”，因此，空处应该会讲到“rest”。B项“允许恢复的时间也是必要的”符合语境，且其中的“also”表明了空处与空前的递进关系。 One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate.5(　　) Generally，you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up. Tracking it in a log can be a great way to monitor your recovery.  A.It’s easy to measure and track. B.Allowing time for recovery is also essential. C.The problem is that they show up very gradually. D.Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining. E.Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals. F.If far beyond，it’ll take longer to adapt and may cause injury. G.We generally assume regular intense exercise is good for our health. 5.答案：A 解析：空前讲到了“focus on your morning resting heart rate”，空后讲到了“you will detect an increase in your heart rate”，因此，空处讲到的应该也是与关注和检测心率相关的内容，A项“它很容易被测量和记录”承上启下。A项中的“It”指的是上文中的“morning resting heart rate”。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·吉林长春三模)Last year，Chinese from far-off cities flocked to Rongjiang County to watch an amateur village football super league，the VSL，or，Cun Chao.There was an audience of 50，000 once 1. ____________ (attract) to just one game，with millions more watching online. attracted Football in Rongjiang County has a time-honored history， 2. _______ (date) back to the 1940s.Back then，villagers made appointments to “play football together”，which could happen on any surface—whether it was on a grassland 3. ________ on a concrete courtyard.At present，Rongjiang County has 14 standard football fields，all of 4. _________ open for free.Every village has 5. _______ (it) own team or even teams，with over 1，000 players registered in the county.Let’s “play football together”—a line villagers have 6. ____________ (repeat) said for over eight decades，has taken on an evolving implication with time. dating or which its repeatedly The league’s cultural 7. ____________ (diverse) is another draw. During breaks in the matches，performances like the grand song of the Dong ethnic group，and the Lusheng dance of the Miao ethnic group were on show just on the pitch with their traditional ethnic costumes 8. ____________. People’s hopes for the 9. ____________ (harmony) countryside as well as the vigor of rural life 10. __________________________ (bring) out to the fullest on this Cun Chao game.  diversity on harmonious have been brought/are brought 二次精读——溯原文，积语料，提素养 A 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：haunt n.常去的场所，消磨时光的去处　goody n.好吃的东西 Para.3：counter n.(商店、银行等的)柜台；(厨房的)操作台 核心 短语 Para.1：chow down on吃…… 词缀 变形 Para.2：legendary adj.非常著名的；传说的→legend n.传奇人物；传说 Para.4：refreshing adj.提神的；令人耳目一新的，别具一格的→refresh v.使恢复精力，使凉爽→refreshment n.食物和饮料；恢复活力，焕发精神　flavorfully adv.味浓可口地→flavorful adj.味浓可口的→flavor n.(食物或饮料的)味道；(某种)味道 B 篇 核心 单词 Para.1：motivate v.激发，激励　stimulation n.激励；刺激　desire n.愿望；欲望；渴望 Para.2：inviting adj.诱人的，吸引人的　option n.选择 Para.3：affect v.影响；使感染；侵袭　arouse v.激起，引起(感情、态度)　trick n.把戏；戏法 Para.4：convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的 Para.5：automatically adj.自动地　incredibly adv.难以置信地；极其 B 篇 核心 短语 Para.1：in search of...寻找…… Para.5：take advantage of...利用……　a variety of...各种各样的…… 词缀 变形 Para.1：curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n.好奇心 Para.2：effect n.影响；印象，效果→effective adj.有效的 Para.3：participate v.参加→participation n.参加 熟词 生义 fuel (Para.2)常用义：n.燃料　文章义：v.加强，增强 例句：The criticism she has faced has only fueled her determination to succeed. 她受到的批评更加坚定了她取得成功的决心。 $$