内容正文:
Unit 2 Numbers Around Us
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
How many 询问数量的句型 高频易错点01
句型:How many + 可数名词复数 + do you have? (你有多少……?)
回答:I have + 数字 + 可数名词复数。(我有…… 个。)
例如:—How many pencils do you have? 你有多少支铅笔?
— I have six pencils. 我有 6 支铅笔。
易错点提示
(1) 易遗漏名词复数:How many 后必须接可数名词复数,如错误表达 “How many pencil do you have?”(正确:pencils)。
(2) 数字与名词搭配不当:回答时数字后接名词复数,如错误表达 “I have five book.”(正确:books)。
小练笔
根据中文提示补全对话。
A: How many ________(铅笔)do you have?
B: I have ________(五)pencils.
A: How many ________(课)do you have today?
B: I have ________(七)classes.
点
拨
第一空填 “pencils”,How many 后接可数名词复数;
第二空填 “five”,直接用数字回答数量;
第三空填 “classes”,“课” 的复数形式为 classes;
第四空填 “seven”,对应中文 “七” 的英文表达。
How old 询问年龄的句型高频易错点02
句型:How old + be 动词 + 主语?(…… 几岁了?)
回答:主语 + be 动词 + 数字 + years old. / 数字. (…… 岁。)
例如:—How old are you, Lingling? 玲玲,你几岁了?
— I’m nine years old. / Nine. 我 9 岁了。
易错点提示
(1) 混淆 be 动词:主语是 you 时用 are,是 he/she 时用 is,如错误表达 “How old is you?”(正确:are)。
(2) 遗漏 “years old”:完整回答需包含 “years old”,但口语中可省略,书面表达需规范(数字为 1 时用 “year old”)。
小练笔
( )1.—How old ______ you? —I’m eight years old.
A. am B. is C. are
( )2.—How old ______ your sister? —She is seven.
A. am B. is C. are
( )3.—How old is Tom?
—He is ______ year old.
A. one B. two C. three
( )4.—How old ______ they?
—They are ten years old.
A. am B. is C. are
( )5.—How old is your grandfather?
—______ is sixty.
A. He B. She C. They
点
拨
1.C 解析:主语是 "you",be 动词用 are,故选 C。
2.B 解析:主语 "your sister" 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,故选 B。
3.A 解析:数字为 1 时,"year" 用单数形式,故选 A。
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4.C 解析:主语 "they" 是复数,be 动词用 are,故选 C。
5.A 解析:"grandfather" 是男性,用人称代词 He 指代,故选 A。
There be 句型的用法高频易错点03
一、基础概念
There be 句型表示 “某地存在某物”,强调 “存在” 的状态,基本结构为:
There + be 动词 + 主语(人 / 物)+ 地点状语(地点状语可省略)。
二、核心用法规则
1. be 动词的选择:“就近原则”
be 动词的形式由最近的主语单复数决定:
(1) 若主语是单数名词或不可数名词,用 is;
例:There is a big playground.有一个大操场。
There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。
(2) 若主语是复数名词,用 are;
例:There are twelve basketballs.有 12 个篮球。
There are five stars on the picture.图片上有 5 颗星星。
(3) 若主语有多个时,be 动词随最近的主语变化:
例:There is a book and three pens on the desk.桌上有一本书和三支笔。
There are three pens and a book on the desk.桌上有三支笔和一本书。
2. 肯定句、否定句与疑问句
(1) 肯定句:There + is/are + 主语
There is a pencil.有一支铅笔。
There are seven books.有 7 本书。
(2) 否定句:There + is not(isn’t)/are not(aren’t)+ 主语
There isn’t a ruler.没有尺子。
There aren’t any erasers.没有橡皮。
(3) 一般疑问句 Is/Are + there + 主语?
—Is there a playground?有操场吗?
—Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
—Are there eleven stars?有 11 颗星星吗?
—Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
易错点提示
(1) be 动词与主语单复数不匹配:单数名词用 is,复数名词用 are,如错误表达 “There are a star.”(正确:is);“There is five stars.”(正确:are)。
(2) 忽略 “就近原则”:当主语有多个时,be 动词随最近的主语变化,如 “There ______ a book and three pens.”(正确:is)。
小练笔
用 is/are 填空。
1.There ______ a star in the picture.
2.There ______ eleven girls in the classroom.
3.There ______ a pencil and two erasers on the desk.
4.There ______ fifteen pandas in the family.
1.is 解析:主语 “a star” 是单数,用 is;
2.are 解析:主语 “eleven girls” 是复数,用 are;
3.is 解析:就近主语 “a pencil” 是单数,用 is;
4.are 解析:主语 “fifteen pandas” 是复数,用 are。
点
拨
数字与 be 动词的搭配高频易错点04
句型:主语 + be 动词 + 数字. (主语)是……(数量 / 年龄)。
例如:①My age is nine. 我的年龄是 9 岁。
②The number of stars is eleven. 星星的数量是 11 颗。
易错点提示
(1) 主语为 “数量 / 年龄” 时,be 动词用 is:数字作主语时视为单数,如错误表达 “Twelve are my favorite number.”(正确:is)。
(2) 年龄主语混淆:“My age” 是单数,be 动词用 is,如错误表达 “My age are ten.”(正确:is)。
小练笔
用 is/are 填空。
1.My age ______ eight.
2.The number of classes ______ six.
3.Five and ten ______ fifteen.
4.Twelve ______ a big number.
1.is 解析:“My age” 是单数概念,be 动词用 is;
2.is 解析:“The number of...”(…… 的数量)视为单数,用 is;
3.is 解析:数字相加的结果视为单数,用 is;
4.is 解析:单个数字作主语视为单数,用 is。
综合训练
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. —How many ______ are there? —Twelve.
A. basketball B. basketballs C. a basketball
( ) 2. —How old ______ you? —I’m nine.
A. am B. is C. are
( ) 3. There ______ five big stars and one small star.
A. is B. are C. am
( ) 4. —I have thirteen pencils. —______!
A. Great B. Good night C. Nice to meet you
( ) 5. The letter “F” in “fish” sounds ______.
A. /v/ B. /f/ C. /s/
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.How many ______(star)are there in the picture?
2.I ______(have)seven books.
3.There ______(be)a playground in our school.
4.—How old is she? —She ______(be)ten.
5.Let’s count ______(one)to fifteen.
三、句型转换。
1.I have six classes today.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ classes do you have today?
2.There are twelve basketballs.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ basketballs are there?
3.She is nine years old.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ is she?
4.There is a big playground.(改为否定句)
There ______ ______ a big playground.
四、补全对话。
A: Hi, Yangyang! ______ ______ pencils do you have?
B: I have five pencils. ______ ______ are you?
A: I’m eight years old. What about you?
B: I’m nine. Look! This is our art room.
A: ______ ______ stars are there?
B: There are eleven stars.
A: ______!
五、看图,选择对应的数字写在横线上。
nine ten eleven twelve seven
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
六、根据句意,选择正确的单词补全句子或对话,将其标号填在横线上。
A.Nine B.old C.sit D.five
1.—How many candles do you have?
—Let me count. One, two … eight, nine. candles.
2.Dave, let’s down and play a game.
3.—Are you five? —Yes, I’m years old.
4.Beijing and Xi’an have many buildings (建筑物).
七、读一读,选择合适的单词补全Fanfan的介绍,将标号填写在横线上。
Hello. I’m Fanfan. I have 1 things (事物) on my desk. There are two 2 and 4 books (书) on my desk. This is my class schedule (课程表). I have six 4 today.
A.five B.classes C.pencils D.many
八、阅读短文,根据短文内容选择正确的选项,将其标号写在括号内。
My Birthday
My name is Sally. I’m in Class 2, Grade 3. Today is my birthday (生日). My family have a birthday party for me. My brother draws a birthday card for me. Mum and Dad make a birthday cake for me. There are candles on the cake. How many candles are there? Let’s count. One, two...seven, eight! There are six small strawberries (草莓) on my cake. I like my birthday cake. It is yummy.
( )1.______ has a birthday party.
A.Dad B.Mum C.Sally
( )2.______ make (s) the birthday cake.
A.Mum and Dad B.Mum C.Sally’s brother
( )3.______ is Sally’s birthday card.
A. B. C.
( )4.How many strawberries are there on the cake?
A.6. B.8. C.10.
( )5.How many people are there in the family?
A.3. B.4. C.5.
九、放学回家后,Mingming在和家人交谈。阅读文本,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
Mum, I have a fun day today. I have four classes in the morning and three classes in the afternoon. I have a fun art (美术) class this afternoon. Mr Lin is my art teacher. He is from Weifang. He can make nice kites (风筝). He helps me draw and make a kite. Look! Here is my kite. It’s a bird.
( )1.Mingming has (有) six classes today.
( )2.Mingming has a fun art class.
( )3.Mr Lin is from Weifang.
( )4.The text (文本) is about (关于) numbers.
参考答案
一、1-5: B C B A B
二、1.stars 2. have 3. is 4. is 5. from
三、1.How many 2. How many 3. How old 4. is not
四、How many;How old;How many;Great
五、1.twelve 2.eleven 3.nine 4.seven 5.ten
【解析】1.图中是12点,twelve 12,与图片匹配,故答案为twelve 。
2.图中是11摄氏度, eleven 11,与图片匹配,故答案为eleven 。
3.图中显示鞋码为9,nine 9,与图片匹配,故答案为nine。
4.图中有7个球,seven 7,与图片匹配,故答案为seven 。
5.图中是10元钱,ten 10,与图片匹配,故答案为ten。
六、1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
【解析】1.句意:—你有多少根蜡烛?—让我数一数。一,二……八,九。九根蜡烛。nine九,符合题意,故选A。
2.句意:戴夫,我们坐下来玩游戏吧。sit down坐下,固定搭配,故选C。
3.句意:—你是五岁吗?—是的,我是五岁。five五,符合题意,故选D。
4.句意:北京和西安有很多古老的建筑物。old古老的,符合句意,故选B。
七、1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B
【导语】本文讲了学习用品和课程。
1.句意:我的桌子上有很多事物。根据图片可知桌子上有很多事物,many很多,故选D。
2.句意:我的桌子上有两支铅笔和五本书。根据图片可知桌子上有两支铅笔,pencils铅笔,故选C。
3.句意:我的桌子上有两支铅笔和五本书。根据图片可知桌子上有五本书,five五,故选A。
4.句意:我今天有六节课。根据图片可知有六节课,classes课,故选B。
八、1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B
【导语】本文讲了生日活动。
1.句意:_____有一个生日聚会。A爸爸,B妈妈,C莎莉,根据“My name is Sally. I’m in Class 2, Grade 3. Today is my birthday (生日). My family have a birthday party for me.”,可知莎莉有一个生日聚会,故选C。
2.句意:______做生日蛋糕。A妈妈和爸爸,B妈妈,C莎莉的哥哥,根据“Mum and Dad make a birthday cake for me.”,可知妈妈和爸爸做生日蛋糕,故选A。
3.句意:______是莎莉的生日卡片。根据“How many candles are there? Let’s count. One, two...seven, eight!”,可知莎莉八岁了,故选C。
4.句意:蛋糕上有多少个草莓?根据“There are six small strawberries (草莓) on my cake.”,可知蛋糕上有6个草莓,故选A。
5.句意:这个家庭有几口人?根据全文可知这个家庭有4口人,故选B。
九、1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F
【导语】本文介绍了明明一天有几节课及明明的美术老师。
1.句意:明明今天有六节课。根据“I have four classes in the morning and three classes in the afternoon.”,可知明明今天有七节课,故答案为F。
2.句意:明明有一节有趣的美术课。根据“I have a fun art (美术) class this afternoon.”,可知题干与短文相符,故答案为T。
3.句意:林老师来自潍坊。根据“Mr Lin is my art teacher. He is from Weifang.”,可知题干与短文相符,故答案为T。
4.句意:文本是关于数字。根据全文可知不是关于数字,故答案为F。
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