课时作业5 Period 1（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(五)　Unit 2　Period 1 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A From his uptown Manhattan home，Samir Kumar can usually see skyscrapers downtown.But this week，as smoke from wildfires raging in the western United States and Canada stretched all the way to the East Coast，the city skyline was invisible. Currently，nearly 300 wildfires are burning in British Columbia and about 80 are blazing through states in the U．S.West.The fires get worse due to heat waves and prolonged drought in the west，two weather patterns made more extreme by climate change. As the smoke spreads across the country and exposes millions of people，the health impact becomes more widespread among the most vulnerable.In addition to causing respiratory (呼吸的) problems，the smoke can lead to poor heart health.What’s more，smoke from wildfires could make it harder for people to fight off COVID­19 infections and the emerging variants because their immune systems are already battling pollution.Studies have shown that people exposed to air pollution are more likely to die from COVID­19. For the first time in its history as a state，California’s population is decreasing.Falling birth rates，high housing prices，and high taxes have been factors for years，and COVID­19 has exacerbated the trend，delaying planned moves into the state.Many survivors of wildfires have also chosen to rebuild indifferent states.“If I was starting to raise children...I probably would leave this state，” says Hertz­Picciotto，a director of the university’s health science center.She plans to spend several weeks during the height of wildfire season in August away from her home in northern California，where wildfires have become common. Reducing air pollution from wildfire smoke in California and the rest of the country will require reducing the number and size of wildfires themselves.Lawmakers have introduced laws aimed at better managing forests，training more firefighters，and making infrastructure more fire resistant. “Ultimately until we stop burning fossil fuels，I don’t see why it’s not going to get worse.It certainly can’t get better，” says Hertz­Picciotto. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了野火的形成原因、所带来的危害以及解决野火的建议。 1．What’s the function of Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the spread of wildfires. B．To demonstrate the threat of wildfires. C．To describe the situation of wildfires. D．To explain the concern of wildfires. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“But this week，as smoke from wildfires raging in the western United States and Canada stretched all the way to the East Coast，the city skyline was invisible.(但本周，随着美国西部和加拿大大火的浓烟一路蔓延到东海岸，这座城市的天际线已经看不见了。)”可知，第一段的作用是为了说明野火所带来的危害。故选B。 2．What worsens wildfires? A．Extreme weather. B．Climate types. C．Human activities. D．Climate models. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fires get worse due to heat waves and prolonged drought in the west，two weather patterns made more extreme by climate change.(西部的热浪和长期干旱使火灾更加严重，气候变化使这两种天气模式更加极端。)”可知，极端的热浪和长期干旱使火灾更加严重。故选A。 3．What is the effect of wildfire smoke according to the text? A．Common respiratory issues.　 B．Emerging infectious diseases. C．Strong immune systems.　 D．California’s population growth. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“In addition to causing respiratory(呼吸的) problems，the smoke can lead to poor heart health.(除了引起呼吸系统问题，烟雾还会导致心脏健康不良。)”故选A。 4．What is advised to tackle wildfires? A．Fighting fire with fire. B．Moving away from home. C．Avoiding exposure to fires. D．Prohibiting fossil fuels. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ultimately until we stop burning fossil fuels，I don’t see why it’s not going to get worse.It certainly can’t get better.(最终，除非我们停止燃烧化石燃料，我不认为情况不会变得更糟。它当然不能变得更好。)”可知，文章中建议禁止使用化石燃料来应对野火。故选D。 B What shape the school of the future will take is uncertain，but most educators and observers agree that the future school will go electronic. In the future，schools as we know will no longer exist.In their place will be community­style centers operating seven days a week，24 hours a day.Computers will become an essential part for an effective school of the future.Students will see and hear teachers on computers.Accessing “classrooms” on their home computers，students will learn when it’s most convenient for them.Yet some attendance at an actual school will be required to help students develop appropriate social skills. One of American public schools，A.C.T.Academy in McKinney，Texas，was created as an actual “school of the future”．Originally funded by a $5.5 million grant from the US Department of Education，the school is now supported by the McKinney Independent School District. At the school knowledge is “actively constructed by the learner on a base of prior knowledge，attitudes，and values”．Sophisticated (先进的) technology is in place to support the pursuit of knowledge. The 250 Academy students all have access to a computer.The 12­to 18­year­olds each have their own computer；7­to 11­year­olds have one portable computer for every two students; and 5­and 6­year­olds use computers at fixed stations.In addition，the students use multimedia computers，printers，CDROMs，VCRs，video editing machines，camcorders，cable television，online services，and telephones­simple but effective research tools. Whatever the shape of a school of the future might be，technology is always a huge part of it.The school days when computers mean processing words or playing games will be behind us. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，以按照未来学校的标准设计的A.C.T.学院为例介绍了未来学校将会更加电子化，利用尖端技术来支持学生对知识的追求。 5．According to the passage，what will play an important role in the school of the future? A．Computers. B．Environment C．Teachers. D．Skills. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Computers will become an essential part for an effective school of the future.”(电脑在未来学校中会起到重要作用)可知，电脑将成为未来学校的重要组成部分，故A项正确。 6．It can be inferred from the passage that___________. A.there will be no longer schools in the future B．students will only stay at home to study in the future C．many educators are sure of the function of future schools D.many students are playing games on computers now 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The school days when computers mean processing words or playing games will be behind us.”(在未来的校园生活中，用电脑处理文字或玩游戏将成为过去)可推断，现在很多学生用电脑来玩游戏，故D项正确。 7．From Paragraph 5 we know that those sharing a portable computer with another one are . A．from any age group B．12­to 18­year­olds C．7­to 11­year­olds D．5­and 6­year­olds 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“7­to 11­year­olds have one portable computer for every two students”可知，7到11岁的学生两人共享一台手提电脑，故C项正确。 8．Which of the following about A．C.T.Academy is TRUE? A．It is the only actual public school in the future. B.It was funded by the McKinney Independent School District. C．All students in it have a computer of their own. D.High technology is made full use of in it. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One of American public schools，A.C.T.Academy in McKinney，Texas，was created as an actual ’school of the future’”(其中一所美国公立学校，位于德克萨斯州麦金尼市的A.C.T.学院，是一所真正的“未来学校”)及第四段中的“Sophisticated technology is in place to support the pursuit of knowledge.”(先进的技术可以支持对知识的追求)可知，A.C.T.学院是按照未来学校的标准设计的，学校充分利用尖端技术来支持学生对知识的追求，故D项正确。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Forging a 5G future The future in sci­fi movies seems so close，yet so far away.Delightfully，5G technology makes that future look easily achievable.Schools，hospitals，transportation，factories—even our homes will soon use this powerful wireless network.Last year，China started testing 5G mobile networks in its several cities.So what is 5G？It’s the latest generation of cellular (蜂窝状的) network technology. 1 5G’s benefits mainly come from speed and connectivity. 2 People will be able to use the Internet at a much greater speed than before.Imagine being able to download an entire movie in just a few seconds！That’s how fast 5G will be. 3 For example，one of the biggest problems with developing driverless cars is the delay between sending a signal and receiving it.Driverless cars must be able to react instantly to sudden changes in their environment，such as a dog running across the road.This will require these cars to send and receive huge amounts of data within milliseconds. 4 It will also allow doctors to perform operations remotely，using robots.The robots will respond more quickly to the doctors’ movements. So what about 5G’s connectivity？ 5 ．Imagine having a smart home that automatically turns the lights on when you open your front door. “New things become possible when you can move information at a massive scale，” Gordon Smith，CEO of telecom equipment reseller Sagent，told The Telegraph.“5G becomes the great enabler.” No matter where it is implemented，it looks like 5G will bring us a more exciting and convenient future. A．5G will make this possible. B．Such speed helps other technologies，too. C．It connects people’s lives in various ways. D．The advantage of higher speeds is obvious. E．We may develop “smart” environments with it. F．With 5G，people can conveniently solve many problems. G．It is faster and more stable than 4G，the previous generation. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了5G技术以及未来5G对我们日常生活的影响。 1．解析：选G　上文“So what is 5G？It’s the latest generation of cellular network technology.”(那么什么是5G呢？ 它是蜂窝状网络技术的最新一代。)与G项 It is faster and more stable than 4G，the previous generation.(它比4G，即上一代，要更快更稳定。)承接自然，上下文将4G和5G进行对比，来说明5G的优势。选项中的It就是上文提到的5G。故选G项。 2．解析：选D　下文“People will...seconds! ”(人们可以用比之前更快的速度使用网络。想象一下在几秒钟内下载一部完整的电影。)与D项承接自然，下文是对更快的速度这个优势的举例说明，即人们可以用更快的速度上网，在更短的时间内下载电影。故选D项。 3．解析：选F　下文“For example，...it.”(例如，开发无人驾驶车辆的最大的问题之一就是发送信号和接受信号之间的延迟。)与F项承接自然，下文所提出的“无人驾驶车辆发送信号和接受信号之间的延迟”就是5G可以轻松解决的问题之一，因为5G的速度很快，可以缩短这种延迟。此外，problems是关键词。故选F项。 4．解析：选B　下文“It will also allow...movements.”(它还允许医生使用机器人进行远程手术。机器人将对医生的动作做出更快的反应)与B项承接自然，下文所提到的远程手术就是其它技术之一。此外选项中的too对应下文的also。故选B项。 5．解析：选E　下文“Imagine having a．..door.”(想象一下有一个智能的家，它在你打开前门时自动把灯打开。)与E项承接自然，上下文话题一致，都讲述用5G创建智能环境，smart是关键词。此外选项中的it指代上句“So what about 5G’s connectivity? ”(那么5G的连通性怎么样呢？ )中的5G’s connectivity。故选E项。 Ⅲ.完形填空 As a child I once read an article about the Pacific Crest Trail (太平洋屋脊步道) in National Geographic.It was a 1 of two men who walked 2，650 miles from Mexico to Canada with huge packs.It caught my eye，as I，too， 2 adventures in the wilderness.I’ve always remembered that story，but never believed I would actually 3 it.It was too far out of my comfort zone. But then，at the age of 42，I hiked the 88 Temples Trail through Japan.There，I experienced how 4 it could be to hike alone.What 5 me most were the fantastic mountains，grand temples and generous local people.And 6 ，I managed to complete the trail in six weeks without any severe injuries.For the first time，I 7 that I could achieve my dream of travelling around America one day. When I shared my plan with friends and colleagues，the news was welcomed with 8 reactions.From some I got enthusiastic 9 ．But from others there were frowns and question marks.Half a year away from my family was a 10 for me.Yet it wouldn’t defeat me.After all，six months is 11 a short period in a lifetime.After having worked hard for 20 years in shiny office buildings，I felt the need for more 12 in my life.I hoped to 13 and look within，as well as explore the unfamiliar things.I understood that I needed them both. 14 John Muir once put it，“Keep close to 15 ．..and climb a mountain or spend a week in the woods.Wash your spirit clean.” 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者在他人故事的鼓舞下，追寻自己的梦想，在42岁的时候，徒步穿越了日本的88座寺庙。对于这个计划作者的朋友和同事看法不一，但是作者始终觉得生活需要更多的冒险。 1．A.news B．report C．story D．photo 解析：选C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个关于两个男人背着巨大的背包从墨西哥走了2650英里到加拿大的故事。A.news新闻；B.report报告；C.story故事；D.photo照片。结合下文I’ve always remembered that story可知是一个关于两个男人背着巨大的背包从墨西哥走了2650英里到加拿大的故事。故选C。 2．A.knew of B．dreamed of C．heard about D．worried about 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：它引起了我的注意，因为我也梦想着在野外探险。A.knew of了解；B.dreamed of梦想；C.heard about听说；D.worried about担心。结合下文adventures in the wilderness可知故事引起了作者的注意，因为作者也梦想着野外探险。故选B。 3．A.make B．ignore C．appreciate D．reject 解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得那个故事，但从未相信我会真的做到。A.make制作；B.ignore忽略；C.appreciate欣赏；感激；D.reject拒绝。结合下文But then，at the age of 42，I hiked the 88 Temples Trail through Japan.可知作者做到了亲自去进行探险，短语make it“成功；达到预定目标”。故选A。 4．A.dull B．difficult C．attractive D．crazy 解析：选C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我体验了独自徒步旅行是多么有吸引力。A.dull乏味的；B.difficult困难的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.crazy疯狂的。结合后文的表述the fantastic mountains，grand temples and generous local people.可知作者觉得独自徒步旅行很有吸引力。故选C。 5．A.confused B．shocked C．affected D．impressed 解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：给我印象最深刻的是奇异的山脉、宏伟的寺庙和慷慨的当地人。A.confused困惑；B.shocked震惊；C.affected影响；D.impressed印象深刻。结合下文most were the fantastic mountains，grand temples and generous local people.可知奇异的山脉、宏伟的寺庙和慷慨的当地人给作者留下了深刻印象。故选D。 6．A.to my regret B．to my surprise C．to my sadness D．to my disappointment 解析：选B　考查短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我在六周内完成了全程，没有任何严重的伤病。A.to my regret令我后悔的是；B.to my surprise令我惊讶的是；C.to my sadness令我悲伤的是；D.to my disappointment让我失望的是。结合下文I managed to complete the trail in six weeks without any severe injuries.可知作者在六周内就完成了全程还没有任何严重的伤病，这让作者为自己的能力感到惊讶，故选B。 7．A.denied B．pretended C．realized D．promised 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一次，我意识到我可以实现我的梦想，有一天环游美国。A.denied拒绝；B.pretended假装；C.realized意识到；D.promised承诺。结合上文作者惊讶于自己在六周内就能完成全程，从而意识到自己有实现自己梦想的能力。故选C。 8．A.mixed B．positive C．doubtful D．strange 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我与朋友和同事分享我的计划时，他们对这个消息反应混杂不一。A.mixed混杂的；B.positive积极的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.strange陌生的。结合下文From some I got enthusiastic....But from others there were frowns and question marks.可知作者的朋友和同事有的支持有点质疑，对作者的反应混杂不一。故选A。 9．A.promise B．assistance C．devotion D．approval 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：从一些人那里，我得到了热情的肯定。A.promise承诺；B.assistance援助；C.devotion奉献；D.approval支持。结合上文I got enthusiastic可知有的人对作者表示支持。故选D。 10．A.relief B．challenge C．delight D．comfort 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：离家半年对我来说是一个挑战。A.relief减轻；B.challenge挑战；C.delight高兴；D.comfort安慰。结合下文Yet it wouldn’t defeat me.可推知离家半年对作者来说是一次挑战。故选B。 11．A.finally B．hardly C．quickly D．simply 解析：选D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，六个月只是人生中很短的一段时间。A.finally终于；B.hardly几乎不；C.quickly快地；D.simply简单地；只是。结合上下文可知作者认为离家半年并不会打败自己，因为毕竟六个月只是一生中很短的一段时间。故选D。 12．A.adventure B．bravery C．safety D．knowledge 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在光鲜亮丽的办公楼里辛勤工作了20年后，我觉得我的生活需要更多的冒险。A.adventure冒险；B.bravery勇敢；C.safety安全；D.knowledge知识。结合下文explore the unfamiliar things可知作者认为自己的生活需要更多的冒险。故选A。 13．A.speed up B．stand by C．slow down D．drop out 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望放慢脚步，向内看，同时探索那些不熟悉的东西。A.speed up加速；B.stand by准备；支持；C.slow down减速；放慢速度；D.drop out退学。根据下文and look within，as well as explore the unfamiliar things.可知作者想要向内看，同时探索那些不熟悉的东西，因此是指希望放慢脚步，故选C。 14．A.When B．As C．If D．Unless 解析：选B　考查连词辨析。句意：正如John Muir所言：“亲近大自然……去爬山或者在树林里呆上一周。洗净你的灵魂。”A.When当……时候；B.As正如；C.If如果；D.Unless除非。此处为方式状语从句，表示“正如”，故选B。 15．A.forest B．desert C．nature D．valley 解析：选C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如John Muir所言：“亲近大自然……去爬山或者在树林里呆上一周。洗净你的灵魂。”A.forest森林；B.desert沙漠；C.nature自然；D.valley山谷。结合下文climb a mountain or spend a week in the woods可知是指要亲近大自然。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$