课时作业3 Period 3（Word练习）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册高中同步学案（人教版）

课时作业(三)　Unit 1　Period 3 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Michael Faraday was the son of a blacksmith.There were four children in his family and，with his father often ill and unable to work，Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age.This meant little or no schooling.However，the family belonged to a religious group，and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School. When he was only fourteen，Faraday found a job as a bookbinder (装订工).He used to read the books he was given to bind and he became very interested in the scientific books，particularly the ones about electricity.His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments.These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself.However，he was very careful and kept a clear written record of all his findings. One day he was given an entrance ticket to the Royal Institute chemistry lecture，given by Humphry Davy.Determined to work for this great scientist，he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out.In 1813 Davy offered Faraday a job as one of his laboratory assistants.Faraday learnt quickly and soon was recognized as a very able analytical chemist.Later he went to work at the Royal Institute. Michael Faraday was，perhaps，the greatest practical scientist of the 19th century.As a chemist，he discovered the benzene (苯), which is now the focal point of chemical study.He also proved the relationship between electricity and chemical bond(化学键).As a physicist，he invented the dynamo，which led to the later invention of the electric motor.He also discovered the effect of magnetism (磁) on light rays. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了迈克尔·法拉第(Michael Faraday)是如何成长为一名伟大的科学家(物理学家及化学家)的以及他在物理和化学领域取得的成就。 1．Why did Faraday attend Sunday School? A.He had to work as a bookbinder at weekdays. B．He hoped to read many of the scientific books there. C．He would like to learn religious knowledge. D.His family couldn’t afford his normal school education. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There were four children in his family and，with his father often ill and unable to work，Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age.This meant little or no schooling.However，the family belonged to a religious group，and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School.”可知，法拉第年幼时家境贫寒，上不起正规的学校，只好上了主日学校。故选D项。 2．When working as a bookbinder，Faraday_________． A．published his great findings on electricity B.made his own equipment for his experiments C．read many books by Humphry Davy D．gained his fame as a practical scientist 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments.These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself.”可知，法拉第做图书装订工作的时候，为自己的实验亲自动手制作实验器材。故选B项。 3．In order to get a chance to work for Davy，Faraday_________． A．bought tickets to attend Davy’s lectures B．sent his experiment reports to Davy C．went to the Royal Institute to visit Davy D．offered to do laboratory work for free 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Determined to work for this great scientist，he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out.”可知，为了能为戴维工作，法拉第递交了自己的实验报告。故选B项。 4．Which of the following is the right order of Faraday’s life? a．A laboratory assistant. b．A student of Sunday School. c．A bookbinder. d．An analytical chemist. A．abcd B．bcda C．bcad D．cbad 解析：选C　细节理解题。纵观全文可知，法拉第先是在主日学校学习，后来成为图书装订工，然后又做了实验室助理，最后成为一名化学家。故选C项。 B Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were two young men from Germany who loved a good story.As university students，they became interested in folktales—traditional stories that people memorized and told again and again.They began to collect traditional folktales from storytellers all over Germany.Many were similar to stories told in France，Italy，Japan，and other countries.Between 1812 and 1814，the brothers published two books in German.These included stories like “Hansel and Gretel” and “Little Red Riding Hood.” Despite the fact that Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are often associated with Snow White and Rapunzel，the brothers didn’t actually write any of those stories.In fact，the stories existed long before the two men were born in Germany in the mid 1780s.The fairy tales，in fact，were part of a rich oral tradition—passed down from generation to generation，often by women seeking to pass the time during household chores.In 1812，Jacob and Wilhelm published the stories as part of a collection titled Nursery and Household Tales，or what is now known as Grimm’s Fairy Tales. The Grimm brothers’ tales were about traditional life and beliefs.For example，forests are common in Germany，and this image often appears in the Grimms’ stories.In the past，many people believed forests were dangerous places.In the Grimms’ stories，a forest is the home of evil witches，talking animals，and other magical beings. Although most people today think of these stories as fairy tales for children，the brothers first wrote them for adults.Many of their early tales were dark and a little scary.Later，the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories.They “softened” many of the tales and added drawings.This made them more appropriate(合适的)for children.Like the early tales，though，each story still has a moral: work hard，be good，and listen to your parents. Actually，university­trained philologists(语言学者) and librarians，Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm published more than fairy tales.They wrote books about mythology，and published scholarly works on linguistics and medieval studies. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。 5．What is the main purpose of the reading? A．To compare the Grimms’ stories to modern children’s stories. B．To explain why storytelling is important in Germany. C.To examine two of the Grimms’ fairy tales. D.To give information about the Grimm brothers and their stories. 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段，雅各布格林和威廉格林是两个来自德国的年轻人，他们喜欢听好听的故事。作为大学生，他们开始对民间故事感兴趣——人们反复记忆和讲述的传统故事。他们开始从德国各地的说书人那里收集传统民间故事，以及下文可知，文章主要介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。 6．Which of these statements is true about the Grimm brothers? A.They invented the fairy tales in their books. B.They wrote their books in different languages. C．They became interested in folktales as students. D.They traveled to many countries to collect stories. 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句话As university students，they became interested in folktales—traditional stories可知，当他们还是学生的时候，就对民间故事非常感兴趣。 7．Which of the following best explains “moral” underlined in Paragraph 4? A．interest B．text C．story D．message 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，格林童话和早期民间故事一样，教人们努力，善良，听爸妈的话这样的道德寓意。 8．What do we know about the Grimms’ stories? A．The later stories had morals，like the early ones. B.The early stories were written for children. C．The early stories had a lot of drawings. D．The later stories reflected German life，but the early ones didn’t. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段Like the early tales，though，each story still has a moral: work hard，be good，and listen to your parents.可知，格林童话的故事和早期一样，都有寓意。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I was invited to attend a presentation at the Kentucky School.That evening I found gratitude had amazing 1 to change our attitude and our life. The young musician Mr Patrick was 2 onto the stage in his wheelchair and began to play the piano.His fingers danced 3 the keys as he made beautiful music.He then began to sing as he played，and it was wonderful.But what shocked me most was his 4 smile. Mr Patrick was born with no eyes and an illness in the legs，which 5 him lame for life.However，as a child，he was fitted with artificial eyes and placed in a wheelchair.Before his first birthday，he discovered the piano. 6 his mom hit any note on the piano，and within one or two tries，he’d get it.By his second birthday，he was playing “Twinkle，Twinkle，Little Star.” His father was 7 ．“We might not play baseball，but we can play music together.” When Patrick was at the University of Louisville，his father 8 classes with him.He was also a part of the 214­member marching band！He was a blind，wheelchair­bound trumpet player；and he and his father did it together.His father 9 the night shift(夜班) in order to accompany his daytime band practice.Patrick says，“My dad’s my hero.” But even more than his 10 musical talent，it was Patrick’s “attitude of gratitude” that touched my soul.On stage，between songs，he talked to the audience about his life and about how 11 he was with a great father.When his performance was over，Patrick and his father were on the stage together.The crowd rose to their feet and 12 for over five minutes. We all face misfortune in our lives.However，it’s not the hardship but how we 13 to it that will determine the joy and happiness in our lives.During 14 times，do we spend too much time feeling 15 for ourselves，or can we，with gratitude，learn how to dance in the rain? 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。青年音乐家Patrick先生虽然身体残疾，但是很有音乐天赋，他的爸爸为了他付出了很多，而Patrick先生对爸爸心怀感恩，这种情感让作者非常感动。 1．A.knowledge B．quality C．wisdom D．power 解析：选D　knowledge 知识； quality 质量； wisdom 智慧；power力量。句意： 那天晚上，我发现感恩有惊人的力量，可以改变我们的态度和生活。由下文可知，Patrick先生虽然身体残疾，但是很有音乐天赋，而Patrick先生对爸爸心怀感恩，这种情感让作者非常感动。所以作者发现感恩有惊人的力量，可以改变我们的态度和生活。 2．A.rolled B．held C．allowed D．dragged 解析：选A rolled滚，推到； held 召开； allowed 允许； dragged 拖。句意： 年轻的音乐家Patrick先生坐着轮椅被推上了舞台，开始弹钢琴。由“in his wheelchair”可知，年轻的音乐家Patrick先生是坐着轮椅被推上了舞台。 3．A.through B．to C．across D．at 解析：选C　through通过；to对于； across横穿； at在……(里)。句意： 他的手指在琴键上跳舞，奏出优美的音乐。琴键在一个平面上，手指在平面上横穿才可以弹奏相关的琴键。所以across符合句意。 4．A.strange B．magic C．bitter D．friendly 解析：选B　strange奇怪的； magic神奇的，美好的；bitter 痛苦的；friendly 友好的。句意： 最令我震惊的是他那美好的微笑。Patrick虽然有诸多的先天性缺陷，但是他能奏出优美的音乐，而且很乐观，所以最令作者震惊的是他那美好的微笑。 5．A.took B．led C．forced D．left 解析：选D 句意： Patrick先生出生时没有眼睛，腿上患有一种疾病，这让他终生跛足。leave在此表示“使处于……状态”符合句意。 6．A.Before B．When C．Since D．Until 解析：选B　句意： 当他妈妈在钢琴上敲到任何一个音符时，他只要尝试一两次，他就学会了。分析句子可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句。 7．A.confused B．amused C．interested D．overjoyed 解析：选D　confused困惑的； amused逗乐的；觉得搞笑的； interested感兴趣的； overjoyed欣喜若狂的。句意： 他的父亲非常高兴。父亲看到自己残疾的儿子有音乐天赋，所以非常高兴。 8．A.listed B．found C．attended D．organized 解析：选C　listed列出； found发现； attended参加； organized组织。句意： Patrick在路易斯维尔大学读书时，他的父亲和他一起上课。attend classes“上课”符合句意。 9．A.worked B．found C．refused D．cancelled 解析：选A　worked工作； found发现； refused拒绝； cancelled取消。句意： 他的父亲上夜班是为了陪他白天的乐队练习。由后面的in order to accompany his daytime band practice可知，他的爸爸 worked the night shift“上夜班”。 10．A.unbearable B．unreasonable C．unconditional D．unbelievable 解析：选D unbearable无法忍受的； unreasonable不合理的； unconditional 无条件的； unbelievable难以置信的。句意： 但是，除了他难以置信的音乐天赋之外，更让我感动的是Patrick“感恩的态度”。由前文可知，Patrick的音乐天赋令人难以置信。 11．A.satisfied B．concerned C．blessed D．laughed 解析：选C　satisfied满意的； concerned关心的； blessed神圣的，有福的，愉快的； laughed笑。句意： 在舞台上，在歌曲之间，他向观众讲述他的生活，以及他是多么有福气有这样一个伟大的父亲。父亲为自己的儿子付出了很多，使儿子变得自信，所以儿子很感激自己的父亲，很幸运拥有这么一个伟大的父亲。 12．A.cheered B．whispered C．shouted D．laughed 解析：选A 句意： 人们站起来，为他们欢呼了超过五分钟。由“The crowd rose to their feet ”可知，人们站起来，他们用欢呼声来表达对这对父子的敬意。 13．A.see B．react C．agree D．put 解析：选B　句意： 然而，决定我们生活中快乐和幸福的不是困难，而是我们如何应对困难。react to“对……做出反应”来说明如何应对困难决定了生活中的快乐和幸福。 14．A.happy B．modern C．usual D．tough 解析：选D　句意： 在困难时期，我们是花了太多的时间顾影自怜，还是怀着感激之情，学会在雨中跳舞？人只有在困难的时候，才会面临两种截然不同的选择。 15．A.great B．sorry C．hopeful D．proud 解析：选B　句意： 在困难时期，我们是花太多的时间顾影自怜，还是怀着感激之情，学会在雨中跳舞？人只有在困难的时候，才会面临两种截然不同的选择。是顾影自怜还是积极地面对并克服困难。be sorry for“对……感到难过”符合句意。 Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once upon a time，there was a mother who lived alone with her son.They worked very hard all year round but they still couldn’t live a 1. _________ (comfort) life.They really looked forward to 2. _________ (make) their life better，but didn’t know how. One year，a merchant came to the village.He needed to spend some weeks there.The merchant was so kind­hearted 3. _________he made a 4. _________ (decide) to help the poor mother and her son.He gave them some money from time to time.Because they 5. _________ (help) by the merchant，they lived a 6. _________ (good) life than before. But one day，the woman talked to her son，“The merchant will leave sooner or later.After he leaves，we’ll live poorly again.Since he lives alone and isn’t always at home，we can go and get all his money.” But the son 7. _________ (immediate) refused to do so，saying，“Oh，no，Mom! We should never do that，He helps 8. _________ (we) a lot! We should be grateful to him instead 9. _________robbing him.” Having heard her son’s words，the woman gave up her terrible idea.When the merchant left，he 10. _________ (take) the son with him and taught him how to do business.And the son returned as a successful merchant. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对母子过着贫穷的生活，在接受了一位商人的帮助后，生活有了改善，但母亲却怂恿儿子去抢劫这位商人的钱财，儿子拒绝了，商人离开时，带走了这位诚实的年青人，并教他做生意，成了一名成功的商人。 1．comfortable　考查形容词。句意：他们一年四季都很努力工作，但仍然过不上舒适的生活。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词。comfort为动词或名词“安慰”，其形容词形式为comfortable“舒服的”。故填comfortable。 2．making　考查动名词。句意：他们真的很期待让自己的生活变得更好，但不知道该怎么做。look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”。故填making。 3．that　考查固定搭配。句意：商人心地善良，决定帮助这位可怜的母亲和她的儿子。so＋adj.＋that...“如此……以致于……”。故填that。 4．decision　考查名词。句意：商人心地善良，决定帮助这位可怜的母亲和她的儿子。make a decision“做决定”。故填decision。 5．were helped　考查时态语态。句意：因为有了商人的帮助，他们过上了比以前更好的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处为从句的谓语动词。本句话是对过去事实的描述，用一般过去时。主语和该动词之间为被动关系，所以句子为一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were helped。 6．better　考查形容词的比较级。句意：因为有了商人的帮助，他们过上了比以前更好的生活。根据空后的than可知，空处需要形容词的比较级，表示过上了比以前更好的生活。故填better。 7．immediately　考查副词。句意：但是儿子立即拒绝了，说：“哦，不，妈妈！我们永远不应该那样做，他帮助我们很多。”。空处需要副词修饰后面的动词。故填immediately。 8．us　考查代词。句意：但是儿子立即拒绝了，说：“哦，不，妈妈！我们永远不应该那样做，他帮助我们很多。”。空处作helps的宾语，所以需要代词的宾格形式。故填us。 9．of　考查固定短语。句意：我们应该感激他，而不是抢劫他。instead of“代替……”。故填of。 10．took　考查时态。句意：当商人离开时，他带着儿子，教他如何做生意。分析句子结构可知，空处为主句的谓语动词。根据从句中的left可知，本句为一般过去时态。故填took。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$