01 七选五精选之段落首句【解析版】

01 七选五精选之段落首句【原卷版】 1 Being able to communicate effectively with others is an essential skill for people of all ages. 　36　 People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this from self-help books, workshops, and the advice of other people.  　37　 Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking, restating what the other person has said — or what comes across — in a brief and nonjudgmental manner. 　38　 Becoming effective at active listening is one way to increase trust and understanding in a relationship, whether it is a personal or professional one.  Another tip for developing and improving interpersonal communication skills is to use feedback on different types of communication. Before giving speeches and presentations, it is always well advised to practice them before an audience and to ask for feedback before giving the real speech or presentation. 　39　  It is also essential in developing communication skills to use appropriate body language and eye contact. 　40　 For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.  A. It is essential to learn how to communicate politely. B. These nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings. C. Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills. D. Practicing active listening doesn’t mean people have to employ it continuously. E. This kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice. F. By doing so, we can ensure the messages are easily understood and come across as intended. G. One of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening. 2 The Value of Honesty According to a common saying, "Honesty is the best policy." 　36　 Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it. But despite all these, honesty is really worth the effort.  　37　 There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. Is the gain from lying really worth the risk? Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. 　38　 But if you commit to telling the truth, you will never have trouble remembering. This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you.  　 Another obvious reason for avoiding lying is that lying can harm others. 　39　 And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. On a personal level, if your friends find out you lied to them, their feelings will be hurt.  On the other hand, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty. 　40　 Business deals, friendships and family relationships all depend on trust.  　　Honesty, however, doesn’t mean that you have to say everything you think. Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships. A. Be honest because you love yourself. B. But in daily life, honesty can be difficult. C. This will help you in every area of your life. D. When you’re honest, you don’t feel so lost all the time. E. One obvious reason for honesty is that it is difficult to keep lying. F. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember. G. People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. 3 Engaging Socially There are many ways to be an important member of a group, and you probably already have a natural role within the groups that you engage with. This role may not be someone who is at the center of attention at all times, but your role is important. 36 . Once you’ve developed your opinions, be confident and express them. If you simply agree in arguments and discussions, you won’t stand out from the crowd. Feel free to express your opinion when discussing issues like politics and current events. 37 38 . You don’t necessarily have to be the life of every party, especially if it goes against your nature, but try to laugh and loosen up when out in public. This will make you stand out as a fun, interesting person to have around. 39 . If someone asks about your hobbies and passions, feel free to share. Even if someone doesn’t necessarily know a lot about a particular interest of yours, if you’re passionate about something you can make someone interested. If you’ve had a lot of unique, interesting experiences, feel free to share your stories. 40 . Share amusing anecdotes, stories of travel, and other unique stories you have. A. This will make people notice you more. B. People want to be around those who are fun. C. Never be shy about expressing your interests. D. Others will love experiencing your life indirectly. E. However, you can work on recognizing your best qualities. F. Think about your role in a group and try to be proud of this contribution. G. So try your best to attract the attention of your group and show your own importance. 4 We all agree that we should recycle things more at home, in the office or in other places.　36　 Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.  　37　 And the effective sorting needs to happen first in our own home, and second in sorting plants where waste is collected.When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you help sort recyclable things so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen, a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills(废物填埋地). It will lead to the loss of resources.  　38　 For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass in specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna(Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks.　39　  Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process. 　40　 Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, new sorting technologies are being developed not only to speed up the process of sorting but also to cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets(磁铁) or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of them can be recycled.  A. For effective recycling we need effective sorting. B. Packaging is the first step towards recycling. C. This is where different sorting techniques come into play. D. So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system. E. Collection systems can be very different from country to country. F. The rest were buried or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused. G. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste bin. 5 Why Do We Get Angry? 　　Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various.Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits.The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations.　36　  Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 　37　 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.  Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 　38　 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.  　39　 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.  　40　 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.  A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well. B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger. C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it. D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry. E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. 6 　　For many of us, nothing is better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to switch off from the distractions of everyday life. 　　　36　 It can be educational and broaden the mind. A good novel can make us happy, or make us cry as we sympathize with characters. A list of books about "bibliotherapy" can be offered to patients. 　37　 It’s become so successful that it’s about to be extended to children as well.  　　Professor Philip Davis, author of a book called Reading for Life, studied people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature — written works thought to have artistic value — that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, "...the brain begins to work from different parts, and it gets excited and emotional. 　38　"  　　Of course, it’s easy for our smartphone generation to abandon a good book and play with our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help maintain our mental health.　39　 And it may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s point of view.  　　　40　 If the book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop, or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be fascinated!  A. You can see the brain coming to life. B. And you could always use an e-reader. C. You can lend it to friends and forget what you did. D. It may seem obvious that reading is good for us. E. It’s thought that it can help you set targets and find focus. F. Reading books is actually being identified as a treatment to sickness. G. If you’re not a concerned reader, it can be hard to know where to begin. 7 　　Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. 　36　 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.  "I adore dancing," says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 　37　 It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life."  　38　 "I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. "They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 　39　"  So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 　40　 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."  A. So why do we dance? B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere. C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America. D. My older students say it makes them feel young. E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing. 8 　　Were you to give a presentation with no facial expression and no body language, what do you think the reaction of your audience would be? 　36　 you are not supposed to expect your listeners to enjoy your performance.  　37　 It is that if you treat your audience as if you were in a conversation, their reaction to you will be positive. As a consequence, if you smile, they will smile. It is a given(假设事实).  　38　 They will feel more in tune with those that directly reach out to them and hold their hands, guide them, share their experience and involvement with something, and make them feel that they’re the only people that those people are talking to at that given time.  How can you make your audience agree with you? 　39　 Your role as a speaker is to create trust and honesty not just with your words but in the way you deliver those words. It is important to recognize that when you have a wonderful message to share with your audience, unless they believe in you, then your words are useless. The desire of your audience to agree with you can only occur when they believe in you.  This is what happens when you are opening up to your audience honestly. They are getting to know you on a certain level. 　40　 The people who want you to solve their problems must first trust in your ability and credibility.  A. If you are not a comedian, B. Most audiences like touchpoints. C. How can you start a conversation? D. What is amazing about good public speaking? E. Even though you can be successful as a speaker, F. While you are doing so, you are building their trust in you. G. Your tone of the presentation sets the stage for a reaction of your audience. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 01 七选五精选之段落首句【解析版】 1 Being able to communicate effectively with others is an essential skill for people of all ages. 　36　 People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this from self-help books, workshops, and the advice of other people.  　37　 Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking, restating what the other person has said — or what comes across — in a brief and nonjudgmental manner. 　38　 Becoming effective at active listening is one way to increase trust and understanding in a relationship, whether it is a personal or professional one.  Another tip for developing and improving interpersonal communication skills is to use feedback on different types of communication. Before giving speeches and presentations, it is always well advised to practice them before an audience and to ask for feedback before giving the real speech or presentation. 　39　  It is also essential in developing communication skills to use appropriate body language and eye contact. 　40　 For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly.  A. It is essential to learn how to communicate politely. B. These nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings. C. Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills. D. Practicing active listening doesn’t mean people have to employ it continuously. E. This kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice. F. By doing so, we can ensure the messages are easily understood and come across as intended. G. One of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening. 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. E 39. F 40. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了有效交流的几项技巧——有效聆听、利用好不同类型交流的反馈、使用恰当的肢体语言和眼神接触。 36. 结合空后一句中的"People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this(那些想要提升这些技能的人可以学习如何去做这件事。)"可知,空处应提到skills并说明学习这些技巧的好处,因此C项Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills.(大多数人都可以从提升沟通能力中受益。)符合语境。故选C。 37. 设空处为段落主旨句。通读本段可知,本段主要讲的是有效交流的建议之一——有效聆听,又结合下段的中心句中的"Another tip"可知,tip是关键词,因此G项One of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening.(提升沟通能力的最佳建议之一就是学习并练习有效的倾听技巧。)符合题意，适合作本段的中心句。故选G。 38. 根据空前的"Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking, restating what the other person has said"可知,有效聆听更关注的是理解而不是给建议。E项 This kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice.(这种倾听方式更侧重于理解而非给出建议。)符合语境。故选E。 39. 该段首句提出另一个有效交流的技巧是利用好反馈。空前举例说明了如何获取反馈,故空处应说明利用反馈的好处。F项By doing so, we can ensure the messages are easily understood and come across as intended.(通过这样做，我们就能确保信息能够被轻松理解，并且达到预期的效果。)符合语境。故选F。 40. 空前提到"body language and eye contact",这些都是不用语言表达的。且空后举例说明了使用肢体语言和眼神接触的好处,故空处应是讲述肢体语言和眼神接触这些非语言信号的作用。B项These nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings.(这些非语言信号能够传达真实的情感。)符合语境。故选B。 2 The Value of Honesty According to a common saying, "Honesty is the best policy." 　36　 Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it. But despite all these, honesty is really worth the effort.  　37　 There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. Is the gain from lying really worth the risk? Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. 　38　 But if you commit to telling the truth, you will never have trouble remembering. This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you.  　 Another obvious reason for avoiding lying is that lying can harm others. 　39　 And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. On a personal level, if your friends find out you lied to them, their feelings will be hurt.  On the other hand, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty. 　40　 Business deals, friendships and family relationships all depend on trust.  　　Honesty, however, doesn’t mean that you have to say everything you think. Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships. A. Be honest because you love yourself. B. But in daily life, honesty can be difficult. C. This will help you in every area of your life. D. When you’re honest, you don’t feel so lost all the time. E. One obvious reason for honesty is that it is difficult to keep lying. F. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember. G. People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. 【答案】36. B 37. E 38. F 39. G 40. C 【导语】俗语说:诚实为上。但是因为种种原因,在日常生活中能够做到诚实并非易事。尽管如此,诚实依然是值得努力的。本文分析了要做到诚实的原因和好处。 36. 空前一句“Honesty is the best policy.(诚实乃上策。)”提到俗语对诚实的高度评价,空后列举了人们说谎的原因,由此可推知,设空处与上文之间为转折关系,由此可知B项But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.(但在日常生活中，诚实却并非易事。)承上启下,符合语境。故选B。 37. 设空处为段落主旨句。本空是段首句,与下段首句“Another obvious reason for avoiding lying is that lying can harm others.(避免说谎的另一个重要原因在于，说谎会伤害到他人。)”中的"Another obvious reason" 呼应。结合本段内容“There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. Is the gain from lyintg really worth the risk? Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truh. (总会有那么一天，你欺骗过的人会真相大白。那么，从谎言中所获得的益处真的值得承担这种风险吗？谎言也难以隐藏，因为它们比真相更难被记住。)”由此可推知,该段讲述要诚实的原因之一,所以选E项One obvious reason for honesty is that it is difficult to keep lying.(诚实的一个重要原因在于，持续说谎是很难做到的。)符合语境。故选E。 38. 根据空前一句“If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details.(如果你编造一个故事,你必须记住所有的细节)”可知,F项And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.(你说的谎越多,你要记住的故事就越多)承接上文。故选F。 39. 空前一句“Another obvious reason for avoiding lying is that lying can harm others. (避免说谎的另一个重要原因在于，说谎会伤害到他人。)”提到说谎会伤害别人,空后“And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. (而关于他人的谎言可能会毁掉那个人的声誉。)”讲到说关于别人的谎言会毁了那个人的声誉,且根据空后一句中的"And"可知,空处讲的也应是谎言对别人的坏处,所以G项“ People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them.( People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. )”符合语境。故选G。 40. 根据空后一句“Business deals, friendships and family relationships all depend on trust. (商业交易、友谊和家庭关系都依赖于信任)”可推知,空处表示诚实对生活的各个方面都大有裨益,所以选C项This will help you in every area of your life.(这将对你生活的方方面面都有所帮助。)符合语境。故选C。 3 Engaging Socially There are many ways to be an important member of a group, and you probably already have a natural role within the groups that you engage with. This role may not be someone who is at the center of attention at all times, but your role is important. 36 . Once you’ve developed your opinions, be confident and express them. If you simply agree in arguments and discussions, you won’t stand out from the crowd. Feel free to express your opinion when discussing issues like politics and current events. 37 38 . You don’t necessarily have to be the life of every party, especially if it goes against your nature, but try to laugh and loosen up when out in public. This will make you stand out as a fun, interesting person to have around. 39 . If someone asks about your hobbies and passions, feel free to share. Even if someone doesn’t necessarily know a lot about a particular interest of yours, if you’re passionate about something you can make someone interested. If you’ve had a lot of unique, interesting experiences, feel free to share your stories. 40 . Share amusing anecdotes, stories of travel, and other unique stories you have. A. This will make people notice you more. B. People want to be around those who are fun. C. Never be shy about expressing your interests. D. Others will love experiencing your life indirectly. E. However, you can work on recognizing your best qualities. F. Think about your role in a group and try to be proud of this contribution. G. So try your best to attract the attention of your group and show your own importance. 【答案】36. F 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以让人们更好地参与社交活动的建议。 36. 根据上文“This role may not be someone who is at the center of attention at all times, but your role is important.（这个角色可能不是一直处于关注中心的人，但你的角色很重要）”可知，无论你在一个团队的角色是什么，它都很重要。因为你通过自己的角色做出了相应的贡献，因此你应该引以为傲。F项Think about your role in a group and try to be proud of this contribution.“想想你在团队中的角色，试着为自己的贡献感到自豪”符合题意，与上文承接自然。故选F。 37. 根据上文“If you simply agree in arguments and discussions, you won’t stand out from the crowd. Feel free to express your opinion when discussing issues like politics and current events.（如果你只是在争论和讨论中达成一致，你就不会在人群中脱颖而出。在讨论政治和时事等问题时，请随意表达你的观点）”可知，表达观点时，不要拘谨，说出自己想法，这样你才会脱颖而出，让别人注意到你。A项This will make people notice you more.“这会让人们更多注意到你”符合题意。故选A。 38. 空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“You don’t necessarily have to be the life of every party, especially if it goes against your nature, but try to laugh and loosen up when out in public. This will make you stand out as a fun, interesting person to have around.（你不一定非得成为每一个派对的主角，尤其是当这与你的天性相悖的时候，但是当你在公共场合时，试着去大笑，放松一下。这会让你成为一个有趣的人）”可知，虽然不一定够成为每个派对的主角，但我们一定要让自己成为一个有趣的人。B项People want to be around those who are fun.“人们想和那些有趣的人在一起”可以作为本段主旨，引起下文。故选B。 39. 空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“If someone asks about your hobbies and passions, feel free to share. Even if someone doesn’t necessarily know a lot about a particular interest of yours, if you’re passionate about something you can make someone interested.（如果有人问起你的爱好和激情，请随意分享。即使某人不一定对你的某个特定兴趣了解很多，如果你对某件事充满热情，你也可以让某人感兴趣）”可知，我们应该大方分享自己的兴趣爱好。C项Never be shy about expressing your interests.“永远不要羞于表达自己的兴趣”可以作为本段主旨，引起下文。故选C。 40. 根据上文“If you’ve had a lot of unique, interesting experiences, feel free to share your stories.（如果你有过很多独特、有趣的经历，请随意分享你的故事）”可知，你要分享自己的经历，因为人们可以从你的经历中体验到更多。D项Others will love experiencing your life indirectly.“有人会喜欢间接地体验你的生活”符合题意。故选D。 4 We all agree that we should recycle things more at home, in the office or in other places.　36　 Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.  　37　 And the effective sorting needs to happen first in our own home, and second in sorting plants where waste is collected.When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you help sort recyclable things so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen, a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills(废物填埋地). It will lead to the loss of resources.  　38　 For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass in specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna(Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks.　39　  Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process. 　40　 Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, new sorting technologies are being developed not only to speed up the process of sorting but also to cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets(磁铁) or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of them can be recycled.  A. For effective recycling we need effective sorting. B. Packaging is the first step towards recycling. C. This is where different sorting techniques come into play. D. So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system. E. Collection systems can be very different from country to country. F. The rest were buried or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused. G. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste bin. 【答案】36. G 37. A 38. E 39. D 40. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍回收利用时分类很重要,各个国家的废品收集系统可能大不相同,因此居民需要了解当地的收集系统。现在,一些新的分类技术正在被研发。 36. 根据空后的“Consequently”可知,空后讲“Consequently”,则设空处应是讲“原因”,G项But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste bin.(但是对要回收利用的材料来说,它们首先需要找到通往恰当的垃圾箱的路)符合语境,与空后一句Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling.(因此它们才能被收集并被带到恰当的地方进行回收利用)逻辑关系紧密。故选G。 37. 上段讲了回收利用和垃圾分类,本段讲的是有效的垃圾分类,所以设空处应填一个过渡句。A项For effective recycling we need effective sorting.(要实现有效的回收利用，我们就需要进行有效的分类。)中的“recycling”对应上文中的“recycling”,“effective sorting”与空后的“the effective sorting”呼应。故选A。 38. 本段通过列举比利时的首都布鲁塞尔和奥地利的首都维也纳这两个城市不同的收集废品的方法,表明各国收集废品的方法可能不同,E项 Collection systems can be very different from country to country.(不同国家的(废品)收集系统可能大不相同)可概括本段内容。故选E。 39. 设空处为段落尾句,起总结该段内容的作用。该段讲的是各个国家的废品收集系统可能大不相同,因此,居民需要了解当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.(因此，市民们需要了解他们所在地区的垃圾收集系统。)中的"collection system"与本段内容相照应。故选D。 40. 空前讲到可回收材料在专用的设备中进行进一步的分类,空后是说垃圾分类有人工分类和机器分类两种,C项 This is where different sorting techniques come into play.(这就是不同的分类技术开始起作用的地方)承接上下文。故选C。 5 Why Do We Get Angry? 　　Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various.Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits.The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations.　36　  Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 　37　 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.  Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 　38　 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.  　39　 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.  　40　 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.  A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well. B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger. C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it. D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry. E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. 【答案】36. F 37. G 38. E 39. A 40. D 【导语】本文是说明文,主要介绍了人为什么生气。 36. 根据空前一句"The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations(我们生气的主要原因包括触发事件、个人性格特质以及我们对情况的判断。)"以及下文的内容可知,空处的内容与上文列举的几条生气的主要原因有关。因此F项Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.(了解这些原因后，如果我们能够以批判的眼光审视自己，就能控制住自己的愤怒情绪。)符合语境。故选F。 37. 根据空后的"The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits(一个人为何会被某件事触动而其他人却不会，这通常是因为其个人经历和心理特质所致。)"可知,每个人对触发事件的反应是不一样的。G项Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.(并非每个人在面对事件时的反应都相同，这就是为什么引发某个人的反应的因素，未必会同样引发另一个人的反应。)所表述的内容与之相呼应。故选G。 38. E项Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.(具备这些性格特征意味着处于“未发怒”状态，即愤怒情绪处于你的意识的“幕后”。)中的"these personality traits"和"pre-anger"分别与上文中的"personality traits"和下文中的"pre-anger"相呼应。故选E。 39. 根据该段中的"Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger(有时，对事物的无知以及消极的看法会引发愤怒情绪。)"可知,空处表达的是我们的态度和对形势的看法可能会引发愤怒。所以A项Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.(我们对各种情况的态度和看法也会在我们内心引发愤怒情绪。)符合题意。故选A。 40. 根据空后的"However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence(然而，愤怒很容易演变成暴力行为，因此最好要了解愤怒出现的原因，以便防止其发生。)"可知,空处与下文之间为转折关系。所以D项Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.(愤怒是一种非常强烈的情绪，而且人们可能会认为自己有理由感到愤怒。)符合题意。故选D。 6 　　For many of us, nothing is better than burying our head in a good book. Whether it’s a crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life, it’s good to read a book to switch off from the distractions of everyday life. 　　　36　 It can be educational and broaden the mind. A good novel can make us happy, or make us cry as we sympathize with characters. A list of books about "bibliotherapy" can be offered to patients. 　37　 It’s become so successful that it’s about to be extended to children as well.  　　Professor Philip Davis, author of a book called Reading for Life, studied people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature — written works thought to have artistic value — that has the best effect. He told the BBC that when reading something for pleasure, "...the brain begins to work from different parts, and it gets excited and emotional. 　38　"  　　Of course, it’s easy for our smartphone generation to abandon a good book and play with our phones instead. But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help maintain our mental health.　39　 And it may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s point of view.  　　　40　 If the book list doesn’t appeal, you could read book reviews, visit a library or bookshop, or ask a friend. Once you’ve found the right text, you’ll be fascinated!  A. You can see the brain coming to life. B. And you could always use an e-reader. C. You can lend it to friends and forget what you did. D. It may seem obvious that reading is good for us. E. It’s thought that it can help you set targets and find focus. F. Reading books is actually being identified as a treatment to sickness. G. If you’re not a concerned reader, it can be hard to know where to begin. 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. E 40. G 【导语】本文主要介绍了阅读对我们的好处。阅读富有教育意义,还可以拓宽我们的思维,此外,阅读还可以作为治疗疾病的一种疗法。 36. 设空处为段落主旨句。根据本段提到的“It can be educational and broaden the mind. A good novel can make us happy, or make us cry as we sympathize with characters. A list of books about "bibliotherapy" can be offered to patients. (它能够具有教育意义，还能开阔我们的思维。一部优秀的小说能够让我们感到快乐，或者在我们同情书中人物时令我们潸然泪下。可以为患者提供一份关于“阅读疗法”的书籍清单。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是阅读的好处,D项It may seem obvious that reading is good for us.(显然，阅读对我们是有益的。)适合作本段的主旨句。故选D。 37. 根据空前一句表述的“可提供一份关于‘阅读疗法’的书籍清单给病人(使用)”可知,设空处讲到的应该是阅读对治疗疾病的帮助,所以F项Reading books is actually being identified as a treatment to sickness.(阅读书籍实际上已被认定为一种治疗疾病的方法。)符合语境。故选F。 38. 本空出现在双引号中,因此结合双引号里的内容“大脑开始从不同的部分运转,并且变得兴奋和激动”可知,A项You can see the brain coming to life.(你可以看到大脑变得活跃起来了)符合语境。故选A。 39. 空前一句讲到了"阅读可以帮助我们保持心理健康",而空后一句则讲到了"阅读也许可以让你从别人的视角看待你连续几周来所焦虑的尴尬处境",根据空后的"And"可知,空处讲到的也应该是阅读对我们心理的好处,所以E项It’s thought that it can help you set targets and find focus.(人们认为它能够帮助你设定目标并集中精力。)符合语境。故选E。 40. 空后一句讲的是“如果这个书单没有吸引力,你可以阅读书评,去图书馆或书店,或询问朋友”,与G项If you’re not a concerned reader, it can be hard to know where to begin.(如果你不是那种会主动关注阅读内容的人，那么可能很难知道从何处开始阅读。)中的“it can be hard to know where to begin”呼应。故选G。 7 　　Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. 　36　 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.  "I adore dancing," says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 　37　 It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life."  　38　 "I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. "They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 　39　"  So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 　40　 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."  A. So why do we dance? B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere. C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America. D. My older students say it makes them feel young. E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired. F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. F 40. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍舞蹈。舞蹈传递着人们的爱与恨、乐与悲、生与死……。 36. 空处为本段主旨句。根据本段内容“We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. (我们从佛罗里达州一直舞到阿拉斯加，从北向南，从陆地延伸至海洋。我们会在婚礼、生日派对、办公室聚会上跳舞，也会只是为了打发时间而跳舞。)”可知,本段主要描述了在美国,舞蹈无处不在,所以B项Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.(在美国，舞蹈无处不在。)符合句意。故选B。 37. 根据空前一句"Teaching dance is wonderful(教授舞蹈是一件非常美妙的事情)"可知,下文应与教别人跳舞有关,又根据空后一句"It’s great to watch them(看着他们真是太棒了)"中的"them"可知,空处讲的应是学生们的有关情况,所以D项My older students say it makes them feel young.(我的高年级学生们说这让他们感觉年轻了许多。)符合句意。故选D。 38. 根据“I can tell you about one young couple(我可以跟你讲讲一对年轻夫妇的事)”和“They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.(他们正在学习传统的舞蹈。他们来上课时情绪低落，但离开时却面带笑容。)”可知，本段主要讲了跳舞之后心情会变好,由此可知,空处应是提出问题,与下文构成因果关系。A项So why do we dance?(那么，我们为什么要跳舞呢？)符合题意。故选A。 39. 此处表示跳过舞后心情会变好,再根据上文中的"one young couple"可知,F项 Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.(跳舞似乎能彻底改变他们的情绪。)中的their与之相照应。故选F。 40. 根据空前的"I want to get better and better"及空后的"I find it hard to stop"可知,空处应表明Andrea Hillier对舞蹈的热爱,且应用第一人称,所以E项I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.(即使我非常疲惫，我也会坚持练习。)符合题意。故选E。 8 　　Were you to give a presentation with no facial expression and no body language, what do you think the reaction of your audience would be? 　36　 you are not supposed to expect your listeners to enjoy your performance.  　37　 It is that if you treat your audience as if you were in a conversation, their reaction to you will be positive. As a consequence, if you smile, they will smile. It is a given(假设事实).  　38　 They will feel more in tune with those that directly reach out to them and hold their hands, guide them, share their experience and involvement with something, and make them feel that they’re the only people that those people are talking to at that given time.  How can you make your audience agree with you? 　39　 Your role as a speaker is to create trust and honesty not just with your words but in the way you deliver those words. It is important to recognize that when you have a wonderful message to share with your audience, unless they believe in you, then your words are useless. The desire of your audience to agree with you can only occur when they believe in you.  This is what happens when you are opening up to your audience honestly. They are getting to know you on a certain level. 　40　 The people who want you to solve their problems must first trust in your ability and credibility.  A. If you are not a comedian, B. Most audiences like touchpoints. C. How can you start a conversation? D. What is amazing about good public speaking? E. Even though you can be successful as a speaker, F. While you are doing so, you are building their trust in you. G. Your tone of the presentation sets the stage for a reaction of your audience. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. B 39 . G 40. F 【导语】本文主要介绍了做一次成功的公开演讲所需的技能和应当注意的事项。 36. 分析句子结构“　36　 you are not supposed to expect your listeners to enjoy your performance. ”可知,空处应为一个从句,符合要求的选项有A和E。结合空后的“you are not supposed to expect your listeners to enjoy your performance. (你就不要期待你的听众会喜欢你的表现)”可知,A项If you are not a comedian,(如果你不是一个喜剧演员)符合语境。故选A。 37. 设空处为段落主旨句。根据空后“It is that if you treat your audience as if you were in a conversation, their reaction to you will be positive. As a consequence, if you smile, they will smile. (如果你像攀谈一样对待听众,他们给你的回应将是积极的。结果,如果你微笑,他们将微笑)”可知,本段讲到的是好的公开演讲的特点,且空后的"It is that"对应D项What is amazing about good public speaking?(出色的公众演讲的魅力何在？)中"What"引导的疑问句,先问后答,所以D项符合语境。故选D。 38. 设空处为段落主旨句。根据空后面出现的“They will feel more in tune with those that directly reach out to them and hold their hands, guide them, share their experience and involvement with something, and make them feel that they’re the only people that those people are talking to at that given time. (他们会更愿意与那些直接主动与他们接触、握住他们的手、引导他们、与他们分享自己的经历和参与某些事情的人产生共鸣，并且会让他们觉得在那一刻，只有这些人是在与他们交流。)”可知，“径直伸手握住他们的手,引导他们,分享他们的经历并参与其中”指的就是B项Most audiences like touchpoints.(大多数观众都喜欢互动环节。)中的touchpoints,所以B项符合语境。故选B。 39. 空前一句“How can you make your audience agree with you?(你怎样才能让听众认同你的观点呢？)”,而空后一句“Your role as a speaker is to create trust and honesty not just with your words but in the way you deliver those words. (作为演讲者，你的职责不仅在于通过言语来建立信任和诚实，还在于在表达这些话语的方式上做到如此。)”则讲到了“你作为演讲者的角色不仅是用你的话语而且还是用你讲述的方式创建信任和诚信”,据此可知,空处讲到的应该是你让听众认可你的方式,由此可知G项Your tone of the presentation sets the stage for a reaction of your audience.(您在演讲中的语气会直接影响听众的反应。)符合语境。故选G。 40. 空前一句“They are getting to know you on a certain level. (他们对你已经有了某种程度的了解。)”讲到了“他们在某种程度上正在了解你”,而空后一句“The people who want you to solve their problems must first trust in your ability and credibility. (那些希望你帮助他们解决问题的人，首先必须信任你的能力和信誉。)”则讲到了“想让你解决他们问题的人必须首先相信你的能力和信誉”,所以设空处讲到的应该是听众对你的信任的建立,所以F项While you are doing so, you are building their trust in you.(在你这样做时，你也在建立他们对你的信任。)符合语境。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$