Unit 4 Journey across a vast land 过去分词作表语和状语 学案 2025-2026学年 高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

( 单元核心语法·精练 ) 选必二 Unit 4 Journey across a vast land （过去分词作表语和状语） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去分词作表语 用法介绍 过去分词作表语时，位于系动词（如 be, feel, seem 等）后，主要表示主语所处的状态（多已形容词化），不强调动作的被动性，需与被动语态区分。 核心特点 示例 与被动语态的对比 表主语的状态（形容词化） He was confused by the question.（他被这个问题弄糊涂了。） 被动语态表动作：The question was asked by the teacher.（这个问题是老师提出的。）（强调 “提出” 的动作） 常用过去分词（形容词化） lost（迷路的）、married（已婚的）、drunk（醉酒的）、satisfied（满意的） 注意事项 1. 状态与动作的区分：过去分词作表语强调 “状态的持续”，被动语态强调 “动作的发生”（如 “The door was closed.” 作表语时表 “门是关着的”（状态）；作被动语态时表 “门被关上了”（动作））。 2. 主谓搭配：主语需与过去分词描述的状态匹配（如错误：The book is interested. 正确：The book is interesting.（书是 “令人感兴趣的”，用现在分词；人 “感兴趣的” 用过去分词：I am interested in the book.））。 二、过去分词作状语 用法介绍 过去分词作状语时，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且二者为被动关系（即主语是过去分词动作的承受者）。 类型 示例 可转换的从句形式 时间状语 Asked what happened, he kept silent.（被问到发生了什么时，他保持沉默。） When he was asked what happened, he kept silent. 原因状语 Scared of the dark, she didn’t sleep alone.（因为怕黑，她不敢独自睡觉。） Because she was scared of the dark, she didn’t sleep alone. 条件状语 Given more time, we could do better.（如果给更多时间，我们能做得更好。） If we were given more time, we could do better. 让步状语 Left at home, John didn’t feel scared.（虽然被留在家里，约翰却不害怕。） Although he was left at home, John didn’t feel scared. 注意事项 1. 逻辑主语一致：过去分词的逻辑主语必须是句子主语，否则会出现 “悬垂分词” 错误（如错误：Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful.（正确，逻辑主语是 the city）；错误：Seen from the hill, we found the city beautiful.（错误，逻辑主语 we 与 seen 不构成被动关系））。 2. 连词的搭配：可与 when, though, if 等连词连用，使逻辑更清晰（如When invited to the party, she accepted happily.）。 三、现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别 用法介绍 两种分词作状语时，核心区别在于与句子主语的关系：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 类型 与主语的关系 示例 现在分词 主动关系（主语是动作的发出者） Walking along the street, I met an old friend.（在街上走时，我遇见了一位老朋友。“走” 是主语 I 发出的动作） 过去分词 被动关系（主语是动作的承受者） Followed by a dog, the girl ran away.（被一只狗跟着，女孩跑开了。“被跟着” 的承受者是主语 the girl） 注意事项 1. 语态判断：根据主语与动作的逻辑关系选择分词（如 “吸引” 与主语的关系：The girl was attracted by the scenery. → 作状语用过去分词：Attracted by the scenery, the girl stayed.；若主语是动作发出者：The scenery attracted the girl. → 作状语用现在分词：Attracting the girl, the scenery made her stay.）。 2. 时态呼应：若动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在分词用完成式（having done），过去分词无需变化（如Having finished the work, he left.（主动，先完成工作再离开）；Having been finished, the work was checked.（被动，先完成再检查））。 一、语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．（25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）Our car gets (clean) once every two months. 2．（23-24高二上·吉林·期末） (bathe) in warm sunshine, everything seems youthful and full of energy. 3．（22-23高二上·福建·期末） (employ) in deep-earth exploration, Huang Danian barely spared time to see a doctor, leaving his cancer undetected. 4．（23-24高二上·江苏常州·期末） (absorb) in collecting famous paintings by celebrities, the old man shows no interest in other things. 5．（24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）In most cases, if you have good professional knowledge and good social skills, you will get (promote) much more easily. 6．（24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）When you feel (panic), you’d better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself. 7．（23-24高二上·福建漳州·期末）Fiona attended her graduation ceremony, (accompany) by her parents. 8．（23-24高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末） (suspect) of carrying something dangerous, the traveler was stopped by the customs officer. 9．（23-24高二上·江苏常州·期末）Athletes perform better both during exercise and while (engage) in their sport when there is music. 10．（23-24高二上·海南·期末）We ended with Blake’s Jerusalem, (accompany) on the piano by Herbert Wiseman. 11．（24-25高二上·江苏淮安·期末） (motivate) by the original Olympic motto, many well-known athletes have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence. 12．（24-25高二上·北京朝阳·期末） (cover) with thick snow, the mountains look like a silver world. 13．（24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. 14．（25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）The young girl got (dress) and ran downstairs. 15．（24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）Although about eight decades has passed, the attack on Pearl Harbor, one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never be (forget). 二、完成句子 1. （22-23高二上·全国·课后作业）她的手机被盗了，这使她很心烦。（get+过去分词） Her cellphone , which made her upset. 2. （22-23高二上·广东茂名·期末）我哥哥如此全神贯注地听着我们的谈话，以致于他在去机场的路上转错了弯。 So （absorb）was my brother in our talk that he took a wrong turn on the way to the airport. 3. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）从车窗往外望去，加拿大的山脉和森林真是令人惊叹不已。 the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada were truly amazing. 4. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受清闲的生活。然而，事实远非如此。 Yuan Longping’s hybrids had made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of . However, this was far from the case. 5. （23-24高二上·福建·期末） the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was and served his homeland with effort , achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well- respected man. 钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国，甘于奉献，成就斐然。 6. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）被欲望所驱动，他不遗余力地学习英语。 a desire, he spares no effort to learn English. 7. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）Aunt Wu came into classroom, her daughter. 吴阿姨走进教室，后面跟着她的女儿。 8. （24-25高二上·广东汕头·期末）从火车车窗往外看，加拿大的山脉和森林非常多。(see from，过去分词短语作状语) , the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. 9. （22-23高二上·全国·单元测试）我们沉迷于壮丽的风景和当地人们的热情好客(hospitality)之中。(be absorbed in) the splendid scenery and the local people’s hospitality. 10. （22-23高二上·广东广州·期中）The committee was representatives from both the public and private sectors. 委员会由政府和私人部门两方的代表组成。 11. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）钱学森备受人们尊敬，被形容为是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神的人”。   a man   “great scientific thought and scientific spirit”, Qian was a extremely well-respected man. 12. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）当被询问到如何有效预防这种疾病的感染时，他说勤洗手才是最重要的。(省略;非谓语动词作状语) the infection of the disease, he said that was what really mattered. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·四川成都·期末）I’ve always loved animals, particularly lions and tigers, and I was desperate to see them in their natural habitat. I managed to 1 my parents to lend me the money I needed to book the flights, accommodation, etc. And I was off. I read a list of 2 things to take when going on a safari beforehand, which was a really sensible 3 . This included things like a guidebook, a good pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜) and most 4 , loose, comfortable clothing. I also followed the 5 of a friend who told me to learn how to pitch a tent, which I 6 for hours in my back garden. Who knows what my neighbours 7 it! There were so many highlights to choose from, but there’s one I’ll never 8 . It was the 9 of a herd of elephants stopping for a drink from a lake. I’d got up before dawn in order to 10 the sun rise, and getting to see the elephants too was a (an) 11 bonus (奖励)! I 12 got quite emotional watching them. I didn’t think it would 13 me like that, to be honest. From breathtaking views to amazing 14 , the trip to Kenya had it all. It was an unforgettable 15 and I would recommend it to anyone who has a passion for animals. 1. A．invite B．persuade C．force D．encourage 2. A．interesting B．traditional C．valuable D．useful 3. A．idea B．solution C．plan D．rule 4. A．importantly B．surprisingly C．urgently D．notably 5. A．requirements B．route C．advice D．instructions 6. A．held B．kept C．practised D．observed 7. A．learned about B．noticed about C．did with D．thought of 8. A．choose B．expect C．forget D．leave 9. A．sound B．sight C．action D．place 10. A．watch B．follow C．avoid D．show 11. A．small B．unexpected C．practical D．inspiring 12. A．fortunately B．slowly C．finally D．actually 13. A．affect B．approach C．connect D．shock 14. A．sunrise B．animals C．people D．plants 15. A．season B．story C．moment D．experience Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）In a small village located at the foot of a towering mountain lived a young woman named Maya. Fascinated by the mountain’s splendid beauty, she often 1 reaching its peak to see the world from that height. One day, Maya decided to make her dream a reality. She packed a small bag with essentials and 2 her journey. As she climbed, the path became tough and more 3 . Rocks fell under her feet, and the cold wind bit at her cheeks, but Maya just continued. Halfway up the mountain, Maya encountered a group of experienced climbers coming downhill. “Turn back,” they 4 . “The path is steep and the air is freezing. The climb is too difficult.” For a moment, doubt slipped into Maya’s mind. She felt tired, cold, and 5 to go on. But then, recalling her initial 6 , she wanted to prove her ability of achieving her dream. With renewed determination, she thanked the climbers for their 7 but decided to carry on. As she climbed higher, the air grew thinner, and every step became a struggle. Maya’s muscles ached, and she’s out of breath, but she refused to 8 . She knew that each small step forward brought her closer to the 9 . Finally, after hours of intense 10 , Maya reached the peak. Standing at the top, she enjoyed the vast landscape below, which was even more 11 than she had ever imagined. At that moment, Maya realized that the journey up the mountain was not just about reaching the top, but was about 12 her own power that lay within her all along. Filled with 13 , Maya knew that there was no challenge too great for her to overcome. And from that day on, Maya never 14 herself again. She knew that she had the 15 to climb any mountain, both in the world and within herself. 1. A．dreamed of B．succeeded in C．depended on D．focused on 2. A．shared B．completed C．started D．celebrated 3. A．diverse B．narrow C．smooth D．clear 4. A．complained B．predicted C．threatened D．warned 5. A．hesitant B．ready C．eager D．comfortable 6. A．value B．motivation C．opinion D．failure 7. A．interest B．description C．concern D．service 8. A．believe B．quit C．follow D．continue 9. A．goal B．truth C．reality D．edge 10. A．pressure B．competition C．training D．effort 11. A．natural B．awful C．incredible D．ordinary 12. A．discovering B．creating C．limiting D．possessing 13. A．regret B．confusion C．respect D．pride 14. A．defended B．proved C．doubted D．expressed 15. A．technique B．strength C．eagerness D．opportunity Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东汕头·期末）While boarding the plane, I felt an excitement rise in me. I was about to realize a dream — traveling abroad alone for the first time. And I had the 1 to go! It was a mixture of pride, recognition and admiration for myself. Landing at the San Francisco airport, I realized: I’ll have to 2 myself in this totally strange city. But I’m not afraid. I’m going to take advantage of every 3 . The question that 4 me most before departure was: Am I really going to be alone? 5 , this first trip alone was also the first trip during which I 6 many people: travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins. Therefore, I have 7 been alone. I’m not saying that I never felt alone or afraid. Surely, there were times when I imagined how 8 it would have been with my family, especially when I got lost while trying to find my hotel, and when I travelled on a night bus next to a man who kept talking to me, so 9 that I could hardly sleep. This trip gave me enormous 10 and all the doubts and fears before the departure had 11 . Throughout my 12 there, I only felt a huge positive energy! It was a very well-planned trip but it was still the most 13 journey I ever had! However hard we try to 14 the trip, there will always be surprises and accidents. Now I do 15 what a “rich and unforgettable experience” is. 1. A．rejection B．freedom C．excuse D．urge 2. A．look for B．rely on C．trust in D．reflect upon 3. A．message B．flight C．moment D．platform 4. A．bothered B．interested C．threatened D．comforted 5. A．Initially B．Strangely C．Sadly D．Hopefully 6. A．assisted B．amused C．encountered D．guided 7. A．finally B．rarely C．apparently D．basically 8. A．awkward B．stressful C．complex D．different 9. A．annoying B．appealing C．surprising D．inspiring 10. A．energy B．warmth C．enjoyment D．honor 11. A．disappeared B．deepened C．remained D．raised 12. A．service B．stay C．wait D．research 13. A．unnecessary B．unavoidable C．uneventful D．unexpected 14. A．plan B．extend C．adjust D．support 15. A．suspect B．remember C．understand D．deny 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河北唐山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Body language is an essential form of communication, helping us to understand what others are saying and feeling. Observing gestures, such as how people stand, move their hands, or hold their arms, 1 (allow) us to gather information beyond spoken words. To interpret body language 2 (effective), we have to understand cultural differences. For instance, making eye contact can indicate interest in one culture, while 3 could be seen as rude in another. In Middle Eastern countries, it is common for men and women to avoid direct eye contact. In Japan, looking down when 4 (speak) to an older person shows respect. Gestures often hold various meanings. The “OK” sign, when 5 (use), may mean money in Japan, zero in France, or even be considered impolite in Brazil. Similarly, head 6 (movement) for “yes” and “no” differ; in Bulgaria and Albania, shaking the head means “ yes,” which contrasts with other parts of the world. Certain actions, such as moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal 7 (represent) “I am full”, seem the same everywhere. However, gestures like a smile are multifunctional, being used to greet, apologise, or start a conversation. Smiling, 8 helps build connections and deal with problems, can even improve our mood. Experts recommend smiling 9 oneself in the mirror to feel happier and more confident. Understanding such slight differences helps us connect 10 (well) with people worldwide, making communication smoother. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·贵州毕节·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qian Xuesen, 1 led China’s space and rocketry programmes, is a gifted rocket scientist. He was born in Shanghai in December 1911. He 2 (admit) into Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1929. In 1934, he won 3 scholarship and in 1935 he left China to study at the Massachusettes Institute of Technology. One year later, he went to the California Institute of Technology to start graduate studies under Theodore von Kármán, a world-famous professor of aerodynamics (空气动力学). From 1938 to 1955, Qian stayed in America, working with Kármán to research aerodynamics, rocketry and missiles (导弹). Despite his high salary and comfortable life in the US, Qian remained 4 (concern) about his home country’s development. In October 1955, Qian braved all the difficulties and finally made his way back to China. Upon his 5 (arrive), Qian Xuesen, together 6 dynamics expert Qian Weichang, 7 (found) the Institute of Mechanics. Then Qian set out 8 (lead) China’s missile and rocketry programmes. Uninterested in fortune and fame, Qian devoted his life to 9 (rebuild) the nation. “As a Chinese technician, my life’s purpose is to serve the people.” Qian died on Oct. 31, 2009. The Chinese people will never forget his 10 (remark) contributions. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽蚌埠·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The summer is a great time to be in Britain. The British Museum, the Natural History Museum and Tate Britain are all must-sees for every visitor, but there are also a lot of entirely interesting things to do for those who love the outdoors. As far as I am 1 (concern), the Notting Hill Carnival is one of 2 largest street festivals in Europe, 3 (change) the face of London on the last weekend of August. First held in the mid-1960s, it’s a 4 (celebrate) of Caribbean culture but now 5 (include) Brazilians, Africans and Europeans. With its popularity 6 (constant) growing it’s estimated (估算) that 50, 000 performers will participate 7 the parade. It will draw more than 1 million people over the weekend. In mid-August, in Bristol, the sky is filled with colours during its annual balloon fiesta. If the weather is good, more than 100 hot air balloons 8 (rise) from the fiesta’s site in Ashton Court. Britain is full of traditions. 9 you just stop at a country pub for a beer can make a moment special. Always be sure where you are, and learn enough English 10 (ask) for directions. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of lion dance are believed to date back over a thousand years in China. Traditionally 1 (perform) during the Chinese New Year and significant occasions, this art form is intended to ward off evil spirits and invite good fortune. 2 time, lion dance has emerged as a cultural bridge 3 (connect) diverse cultures, through a shared appreciation for its 4 (artist) beauty and symbolic significance. The story of Kelvin Tran, 5 participant in the 2024 World Chinese King of Lion Dance Championship, reflects the journey of cultural exchange. Tran grew up in a Sydney neighborhood 6 lion dancing is popular. At the age of eight, a family friend introduced him to the practice, marking his crucial step into the world of lion dance. It was his great enthusiasm 7 eventually made Tran co-found a lion dance team in 2018. “Our membership has grown to over 70 people, 8 reflects not only an increase in numbers but also the deepening of relationships among members,” he noted. “I wouldn’t just call them friends; I call them family,” Tran emphasized, highlighting how lion dance helps build and strengthen community ties in Australia. Despite not 9 (award) the “Lion Dance King”, Tran was satisfied with 10 his team had achieved. “Competing at such a significant competition is very special and incredibly meaningful to us,” Tran said. ( 乐思英语 ) 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 单元核心语法·精练 ) 选必二 Unit 4 Journey across a vast land （过去分词作表语和状语） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去分词作表语 用法介绍 过去分词作表语时，位于系动词（如 be, feel, seem 等）后，主要表示主语所处的状态（多已形容词化），不强调动作的被动性，需与被动语态区分。 核心特点 示例 与被动语态的对比 表主语的状态（形容词化） He was confused by the question.（他被这个问题弄糊涂了。） 被动语态表动作：The question was asked by the teacher.（这个问题是老师提出的。）（强调 “提出” 的动作） 常用过去分词（形容词化） lost（迷路的）、married（已婚的）、drunk（醉酒的）、satisfied（满意的） 注意事项 1. 状态与动作的区分：过去分词作表语强调 “状态的持续”，被动语态强调 “动作的发生”（如 “The door was closed.” 作表语时表 “门是关着的”（状态）；作被动语态时表 “门被关上了”（动作））。 2. 主谓搭配：主语需与过去分词描述的状态匹配（如错误：The book is interested. 正确：The book is interesting.（书是 “令人感兴趣的”，用现在分词；人 “感兴趣的” 用过去分词：I am interested in the book.））。 二、过去分词作状语 用法介绍 过去分词作状语时，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且二者为被动关系（即主语是过去分词动作的承受者）。 类型 示例 可转换的从句形式 时间状语 Asked what happened, he kept silent.（被问到发生了什么时，他保持沉默。） When he was asked what happened, he kept silent. 原因状语 Scared of the dark, she didn’t sleep alone.（因为怕黑，她不敢独自睡觉。） Because she was scared of the dark, she didn’t sleep alone. 条件状语 Given more time, we could do better.（如果给更多时间，我们能做得更好。） If we were given more time, we could do better. 让步状语 Left at home, John didn’t feel scared.（虽然被留在家里，约翰却不害怕。） Although he was left at home, John didn’t feel scared. 注意事项 1. 逻辑主语一致：过去分词的逻辑主语必须是句子主语，否则会出现 “悬垂分词” 错误（如错误：Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful.（正确，逻辑主语是 the city）；错误：Seen from the hill, we found the city beautiful.（错误，逻辑主语 we 与 seen 不构成被动关系））。 2. 连词的搭配：可与 when, though, if 等连词连用，使逻辑更清晰（如When invited to the party, she accepted happily.）。 三、现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别 用法介绍 两种分词作状语时，核心区别在于与句子主语的关系：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 类型 与主语的关系 示例 现在分词 主动关系（主语是动作的发出者） Walking along the street, I met an old friend.（在街上走时，我遇见了一位老朋友。“走” 是主语 I 发出的动作） 过去分词 被动关系（主语是动作的承受者） Followed by a dog, the girl ran away.（被一只狗跟着，女孩跑开了。“被跟着” 的承受者是主语 the girl） 注意事项 1. 语态判断：根据主语与动作的逻辑关系选择分词（如 “吸引” 与主语的关系：The girl was attracted by the scenery. → 作状语用过去分词：Attracted by the scenery, the girl stayed.；若主语是动作发出者：The scenery attracted the girl. → 作状语用现在分词：Attracting the girl, the scenery made her stay.）。 2. 时态呼应：若动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在分词用完成式（having done），过去分词无需变化（如Having finished the work, he left.（主动，先完成工作再离开）；Having been finished, the work was checked.（被动，先完成再检查））。 一、语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．（25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）Our car gets (clean) once every two months. 【答案】cleaned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的车每两个月清洗一次。本题指车被清洗，要用过去分词作表语。故填cleaned。 2．（23-24高二上·吉林·期末） (bathe) in warm sunshine, everything seems youthful and full of energy. 【答案】Bathed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在温暖的阳光下，一切都显得年轻而充满活力。分析句子结构可知everything与bathe构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Bathed。 3．（22-23高二上·福建·期末） (employ) in deep-earth exploration, Huang Danian barely spared time to see a doctor, leaving his cancer undetected. 【答案】Employed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为从事于深海勘探，黄大年几乎没有时间去看医生，以致他的癌症没有被发现。spared是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作原因状语，be employed in从事于，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语。故填Employed。 4．（23-24高二上·江苏常州·期末） (absorb) in collecting famous paintings by celebrities, the old man shows no interest in other things. 【答案】Absorbed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位老人全神贯注于收集名人名画，对其他事情不感兴趣。短语be absorbed in表示“专注于”，此处过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Absorbed。 5．（24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）In most cases, if you have good professional knowledge and good social skills, you will get (promote) much more easily. 【答案】promoted/promotion 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：在大多数情况下，如果你有良好的专业知识和良好的社交技巧，你会更容易升职。此处promote与you构成被动关系，用过去分词作表语；或用名词promotion，不可数。故填promoted/promotion。 6．（24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）When you feel (panic), you’d better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself. 【答案】panicked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你感到恐慌时，你最好深呼吸，试着放松自己。空处用形容词作表语，表示“感到惊慌的”，故填panicked。 7．（23-24高二上·福建漳州·期末）Fiona attended her graduation ceremony, (accompany) by her parents. 【答案】accompanied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：菲奥娜在父母的陪同下参加了毕业典礼。分析句子结构可知，裤子位于为attended，所以此处为非谓语动词。非谓语动词accompany和其逻辑主语Fiona之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填accompanied。 8．（23-24高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末） (suspect) of carrying something dangerous, the traveler was stopped by the customs officer. 【答案】Suspected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被怀疑携带危险物品，这位旅客被海关官员拦住了。句中已有谓语动词was stopped，空处应填非谓语动词；动词suspect和逻辑主语“traveler”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Suspected。 9．（23-24高二上·江苏常州·期末）Athletes perform better both during exercise and while (engage) in their sport when there is music. 【答案】engaging/engaged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：运动员在运动中和在有音乐的情况下都表现得更好。perform是谓语，空格处作状语，主语Athletes和动词engage之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式；be engaged in 为固定短语，意为“从事”，在作非谓语动词时需要去掉be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填engaging/engaged。 10．（23-24高二上·海南·期末）We ended with Blake’s Jerusalem, (accompany) on the piano by Herbert Wiseman. 【答案】accompanied 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们以布莱克的《耶路撒冷》结束，由赫伯特·怀斯曼（Herbert Wiseman）弹钢琴伴奏。根据“ by Herbert Wiseman”可知，空处应为过去分词作伴随状语，故填accompanied。 11．（24-25高二上·江苏淮安·期末） (motivate) by the original Olympic motto, many well-known athletes have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence. 【答案】Motivated 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：受到原始奥林匹克格言的激励，许多知名运动员致力于追求卓越的运动表现。motivate是个动词，意思是“激励”，这个句子已经存在谓语have devoted，所以motivate需要转化为非谓语动词，它和逻辑主语many之间呈被动关系，应该使用过去分词。还要注意首字母大写，故答案是Motivated。 12．（24-25高二上·北京朝阳·期末） (cover) with thick snow, the mountains look like a silver world. 【答案】Covered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：山上覆盖着厚厚的积雪，看起来像一个银色的世界。look为谓语动词，空处作状语，逻辑主语the mountains与cover构成被动关系，用过去分词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Covered。 13．（24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions. 【答案】Loaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：船队载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶等珍品，先后对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，短语be loaded with意为“装载着”，load和the fleet逻辑上是被动关系，因此用load的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Loaded。 14．（25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）The young girl got (dress) and ran downstairs. 【答案】dressed 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：那个年轻女孩穿好衣服后跑下楼去了。根据空格前的系动词got可知，此处用提示词的过去分词形式dressed作表语构成固定搭配get dressed表示“穿好衣服”。故填dressed。 15．（24-25高二上·全国·课后作业）Although about eight decades has passed, the attack on Pearl Harbor, one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never be (forget). 【答案】forgotten 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：尽管大约八十年过去了，珍珠港袭击事件——美国历史上最黑暗的篇章之一——将永远不会被遗忘。根据句意可知，此处需要用动词的过去分词形式表被动，作表语，表示“被遗忘”。故填forgotten。 二、完成句子 1. （22-23高二上·全国·课后作业）她的手机被盗了，这使她很心烦。（get+过去分词） Her cellphone , which made her upset. 【答案】got stolen 【详解】考查时态及get+过去分词。根据句意及提示可知，设空处表示“被盗了”，时态故用一般过去时，谓语动词应变过去式。Her cellphone与“盗”是动宾关系，故用过去分词got stolen。故答案为got stolen。 2. （22-23高二上·广东茂名·期末）我哥哥如此全神贯注地听着我们的谈话，以致于他在去机场的路上转错了弯。 So （absorb）was my brother in our talk that he took a wrong turn on the way to the airport. 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查形容词。分析句子可知，这是固定句型so…that…“如此……以至于……”，so 后接形容词。absorb“吸收”为动词，其形容词是absorbed“全神贯注”。故填absorbed。 3. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）从车窗往外望去，加拿大的山脉和森林真是令人惊叹不已。 the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada were truly amazing. 【答案】Seen from 【详解】考查非谓语动词。对比中英文句子，用see表示“看”，句子已有谓语动词were，且无连词，故此处应用非谓语动词，see和主语the mountains and forests of Canada为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词。故填Seen from。 4. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受清闲的生活。然而，事实远非如此。 Yuan Longping’s hybrids had made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of . However, this was far from the case. 【答案】 Given/Considering/Thinking/Concerning that leisure 【详解】考查非谓语动词，固定结构，和名词。对比中英文句子可知，前两空意为“考虑到”，第三空意为“清闲”，“考虑到”是given/considering/thinking/concerning that...，是过去分词或现在分词作状语，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，第三空用名词，“清闲”的名词是leisure，是不可数名词。故填①Given/Considering/Thinking/Concerning；②that；③leisure。 5. （23-24高二上·福建·期末） the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was and served his homeland with effort , achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well- respected man. 钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国，甘于奉献，成就斐然。 【答案】 Described by as patriotic 【详解】考查固定短语和形容词。结合句意“称某人为……”应用describe sb. as，此处与Qian构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写；表示“被作者”应用介词by；表示“爱国的”应用形容词patriotic，作表语。故填①Described；②by；③as；④patriotic。 6. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）被欲望所驱动，他不遗余力地学习英语。 a desire, he spares no effort to learn English. 【答案】 Motivated by 【详解】考查动词和过去分词。表示“被驱动”应用动词短语motivate by，空格处和谓语之间没有连词，动词motivate与其逻辑主语he构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词形式。句首首字母应大写。故填①Motivated②by。 7. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）Aunt Wu came into classroom, her daughter. 吴阿姨走进教室，后面跟着她的女儿。 【答案】 followed by 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“跟着”应用动词follow，与其逻辑主语Aunt Wu构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，介词by表示被动，故填followed by。 8. （24-25高二上·广东汕头·期末）从火车车窗往外看，加拿大的山脉和森林非常多。(see from，过去分词短语作状语) , the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. 【答案】Seen from the train window/the window of the train 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“从……看”应用see from，且与the mountains and forests of Canada构成被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语；表示“火车车窗”短语为the train window/the window of the train，首字母大写。故填Seen from the train window/the window of the train。 9. （22-23高二上·全国·单元测试）我们沉迷于壮丽的风景和当地人们的热情好客(hospitality)之中。(be absorbed in) the splendid scenery and the local people’s hospitality. 【答案】We were absorbed in 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“沉迷于”应用短语be absorbed in；句子主语是“我们”，应用人称代词的主格we。根据句意，此处应用一般过去时态。故填We were absorbed in。 10. （22-23高二上·广东广州·期中）The committee was representatives from both the public and private sectors. 委员会由政府和私人部门两方的代表组成。 【答案】 comprised of 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“由……组成”应用短语be comprised of，此处用过去分词作表语。故填①comprised②of。 11. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）钱学森备受人们尊敬，被形容为是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神的人”。   a man   “great scientific thought and scientific spirit”, Qian was a extremely well-respected man. 【答案】 Described as with 【详解】考查非谓语动词和介词。分析句子结构可知，“Qian was a extremely well-respected man.”是主句，前后无连词，“把……形容为……”用固定搭配describe...as，第一空应用非谓语形式作状语，describe和主语Qian是被动关系，所以用过去分词described作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，第一空填Described as。“具有”应用介词with，此处with+名词短语，在句中作后置定语，修饰a man，故填①Described as②with。 12. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）当被询问到如何有效预防这种疾病的感染时，他说勤洗手才是最重要的。(省略;非谓语动词作状语) the infection of the disease, he said that was what really mattered. 【答案】 When asked washing hands regularly 【详解】考查非谓语动词作状语和主语。when...当……时，由句意可知“被询问”和句子的主语之间为被动关系，需要用过去分词表示被动，故填When asked；第二个空处v-ing形式作主语，washing hands regularly 勤洗手。故填When asked；washing hands regularly。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·四川成都·期末）I’ve always loved animals, particularly lions and tigers, and I was desperate to see them in their natural habitat. I managed to 1 my parents to lend me the money I needed to book the flights, accommodation, etc. And I was off. I read a list of 2 things to take when going on a safari beforehand, which was a really sensible 3 . This included things like a guidebook, a good pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜) and most 4 , loose, comfortable clothing. I also followed the 5 of a friend who told me to learn how to pitch a tent, which I 6 for hours in my back garden. Who knows what my neighbours 7 it! There were so many highlights to choose from, but there’s one I’ll never 8 . It was the 9 of a herd of elephants stopping for a drink from a lake. I’d got up before dawn in order to 10 the sun rise, and getting to see the elephants too was a (an) 11 bonus (奖励)! I 12 got quite emotional watching them. I didn’t think it would 13 me like that, to be honest. From breathtaking views to amazing 14 , the trip to Kenya had it all. It was an unforgettable 15 and I would recommend it to anyone who has a passion for animals. 1. A．invite B．persuade C．force D．encourage 2. A．interesting B．traditional C．valuable D．useful 3. A．idea B．solution C．plan D．rule 4. A．importantly B．surprisingly C．urgently D．notably 5. A．requirements B．route C．advice D．instructions 6. A．held B．kept C．practised D．observed 7. A．learned about B．noticed about C．did with D．thought of 8. A．choose B．expect C．forget D．leave 9. A．sound B．sight C．action D．place 10. A．watch B．follow C．avoid D．show 11. A．small B．unexpected C．practical D．inspiring 12. A．fortunately B．slowly C．finally D．actually 13. A．affect B．approach C．connect D．shock 14. A．sunrise B．animals C．people D．plants 15. A．season B．story C．moment D．experience 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去肯尼亚旅行的经历。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法说服我的父母借给我所需的钱来预订机票、住宿等。A. invite邀请；B. persuade说服；C. force迫使；D. encourage鼓励。根据上文“I was desperate to see them in their natural habitat”提到非常想在它们的自然栖息地看到动物，以及下文“my parents to lend me the money I needed to book the flights, accommodation, etc”由此可知，此处应表示作者设法说服我的父母借给我所需的钱来预订机票、住宿等。故选B项。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我事先读了一份旅行时要带的有用物品清单，这真是一个明智的主意。A. interesting有趣的；B. traditional传统的；C. valuable有价值的；D. useful有用的。根据下文“... things to take when going on a safari beforehand”由此可知，此处应表示作者事先读了一份旅行时要带的有用物品清单。故选D项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我事先读了一份旅行时要带的有用物品清单，这真是一个明智的主意。A. idea主意；B. solution解决方法；C. plan计划；D. rule 规则。根据上文“I read a list of 　　2　　 things to take when going on a safari beforehand”提到作者事先读了一份旅行时要带的有用物品清单，由此可推知，此处应表示这真是一个明智的主意。故选A项。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这包括一本旅游指南，一副好的双筒望远镜，最重要的是，宽松舒适的衣服。A. importantly重要的是；B. surprisingly惊讶的是；C. urgently紧急地；D. notably明显地。根据下文“loose, comfortable clothing”由此可知，此处应表示最重要的是，要带宽松舒适的衣服。故选A项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还听从了一位朋友的建议，他让我学习如何搭帐篷，我在后院练习了几个小时。A. requirements要求；B. route路线；C. advice建议；D. instructions指南。根据下文“... of a friend who told me to learn how to pitch a tent”由此可知，此处应表示作者听从了一位朋友的建议，他让作者学习如何搭帐篷。故选C项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还听从了一位朋友的建议，他让我学习如何搭帐篷，我在后院练习了几个小时。A. held举起来；B. kept保持；C. practised练习；D. observed观察。根据句意以及下文“for hours in my back garden”由此可知，此处应表示作者在后院练习了几个小时学习如何搭帐篷。故选C项。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：谁知道我的邻居是怎么想的！A. learned about了解；B. noticed about注意到；C. did with处理；D. thought of认为，思考。根据语境以及上文“Who knows what my neighbours”由此可知，此处应表示作者在后院练习了几个小时学习如何搭帐篷，不知道邻居是怎么想的。故选D项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有这么多亮点可供选择，但有一个我永远不会忘记。A. choose选择；B. expect期望；C. forget忘记；D. leave离开。根据语境以及下文“It was the ____9____ of a herd of elephants stopping for a drink from a lake.”由此可知，此处应表示有一个场景作者永远不会忘记。故选C项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一群大象在湖边停下来喝水的情景。A. sound声音；B. sight情景；C. action行动；D. place地方。根据下文“…of a herd of elephants stopping for a drink from a lake”由此可知，此处应表示那是一群大象在湖边停下来喝水的情景。故选B项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了看日出，我在黎明前就起床了，而且能看到大象也是一个意想不到的收获！A. watch观看；B. follow跟随；C. avoid避免；D. show展示。根据上文“I’d got up before dawn”以及下文“the sun rise”由此可知，此处应表示作者为了看日出，在黎明前就起床了。故选A项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. small小的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. practical实用的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据句意以及上文“and getting to see the elephants too was…”由此可知，此处应表示作者认为能看到大象是一个意想不到的收获。故选B项。 12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，看着他们我真的很激动。A. fortunately幸运的是；B. slowly缓慢地；C. finally最终；D. actually事实上。根据句意以及下文“got quite emotional watching them”由此可知，此处应表示作者事实上看到大象很激动。故选D项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我没想到这会对我产生那样的影响。A. affect影响；B. approach靠近；C. connect连接；D. shock使震惊。根据上文提到的作者看到大象很激动，由此可推知，此处应表示作者没想到这会对自己产生那样的影响。故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从令人叹为观止的美景到令人惊叹的动物，肯尼亚之旅应有尽有。A. sunrise日出；B. animals动物；C. people人；D. plants植物。根据上文“I’ve always loved animals, particularly lions and tigers”由此可知，此处应表示作者看到这些令人惊叹的动物。故选B项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一次难忘的经历，我会把它推荐给任何热爱动物的人。A. season季节；B. story故事；C. moment时刻；D. experience经历。根据句意以及下文“I would recommend it to anyone who has a passion for animals”由此可知，此处应表示这是一次难忘的经历，作者会把它推荐给任何热爱动物的人。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末）In a small village located at the foot of a towering mountain lived a young woman named Maya. Fascinated by the mountain’s splendid beauty, she often 1 reaching its peak to see the world from that height. One day, Maya decided to make her dream a reality. She packed a small bag with essentials and 2 her journey. As she climbed, the path became tough and more 3 . Rocks fell under her feet, and the cold wind bit at her cheeks, but Maya just continued. Halfway up the mountain, Maya encountered a group of experienced climbers coming downhill. “Turn back,” they 4 . “The path is steep and the air is freezing. The climb is too difficult.” For a moment, doubt slipped into Maya’s mind. She felt tired, cold, and 5 to go on. But then, recalling her initial 6 , she wanted to prove her ability of achieving her dream. With renewed determination, she thanked the climbers for their 7 but decided to carry on. As she climbed higher, the air grew thinner, and every step became a struggle. Maya’s muscles ached, and she’s out of breath, but she refused to 8 . She knew that each small step forward brought her closer to the 9 . Finally, after hours of intense 10 , Maya reached the peak. Standing at the top, she enjoyed the vast landscape below, which was even more 11 than she had ever imagined. At that moment, Maya realized that the journey up the mountain was not just about reaching the top, but was about 12 her own power that lay within her all along. Filled with 13 , Maya knew that there was no challenge too great for her to overcome. And from that day on, Maya never 14 herself again. She knew that she had the 15 to climb any mountain, both in the world and within herself. 1. A．dreamed of B．succeeded in C．depended on D．focused on 2. A．shared B．completed C．started D．celebrated 3. A．diverse B．narrow C．smooth D．clear 4. A．complained B．predicted C．threatened D．warned 5. A．hesitant B．ready C．eager D．comfortable 6. A．value B．motivation C．opinion D．failure 7. A．interest B．description C．concern D．service 8. A．believe B．quit C．follow D．continue 9. A．goal B．truth C．reality D．edge 10. A．pressure B．competition C．training D．effort 11. A．natural B．awful C．incredible D．ordinary 12. A．discovering B．creating C．limiting D．possessing 13. A．regret B．confusion C．respect D．pride 14. A．defended B．proved C．doubted D．expressed 15. A．technique B．strength C．eagerness D．opportunity 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是玛雅通过攀登高山实现自我发现和成长的故事。 1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她被这座山的壮丽美景迷住了，经常梦想着登上山顶，从那个高度看世界。A. dreamed of梦想；B. succeeded in成功；C. depended on依靠；D. focused on集中于。根据上文“Fascinated by the mountain’s splendid beauty”和下文“make her dream a reality”可知，她梦想着登上山顶。故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把必需品装进一个小包，开始了她的旅程。A. shared分享；B. completed完成；C. started开始；D. celebrated庆祝。根据下文“As she climbed”可知，她收拾了东西，开始了旅程。故选C。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着她的攀登，这条路变得越来越艰难和狭窄。A. diverse各式各样的；B. narrow狭窄的；C. smooth光滑的；D. clear清楚的。根据上文“the path became tough and more”可知，路变得越来越艰难越来越窄。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“转回去，”他们警告说。A. complained抱怨；B. predicted预测；C. threatened威胁；D. warned警告。根据上文“Turn back”可知，那些爬山者警告她，让她调头回去。故选D。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她觉得又累又冷，犹豫着要不要继续走下去。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. ready准备好的；C. eager热切的，渴望的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据上文“She felt tired, cold”可知，她又冷又累，所以在犹豫要不要继续爬山。故选A。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来回想起自己最初的动机，她想证明自己有能力实现梦想。A. value价值；B. motivation动机；C. opinion观点；D. failure失败。根据下文“she wanted to prove her ability of achieving her dream”可知，她想起了自己最初的动机。故选B。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着新的决心，她感谢了登山者的关心，但决定继续前进。A. interest兴趣；B. description描述；C. concern关心；D. service服务。根据上文“Turn back”和“she thanked the climbers for their”可知，她谢谢了登山者对她的关心，然后决定继续前进。故选C。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛雅肌肉酸痛，上气不接下气，但她拒绝放弃。A. believe相信；B. quit放弃；C. follow跟随；D. continue继续。根据上文“Maya’s muscles ached, and she’s out of breath, but she refused to”可知，虽然她肌肉酸痛，上气不接下气，但是她拒绝放弃，还是决定继续爬山。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道前进的每一小步都让她离目标更近了一步。A. goal目标；B. truth真相；C. reality现实；D. edge边缘。根据上文“each small step forward brought her closer to”可知，每前进一步肯定是离目标更近的。故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，经过几个小时的艰苦努力，玛雅到达了山顶。A. pressure压力；B. competition竞争；C. training训练；D. effort努力。根据下文“Maya reached the peak”可知，通过努力，她最终到达了山顶。故选D。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：站在山顶上，她欣赏着下面广阔的景色，这比她想象的还要不可思议。A. natural自然的；B. awful可怕的；C. incredible不可思议的；D. ordinary普通的。根据上文“Standing at the top, she enjoyed the vast landscape below”可知，从山顶看下去的风景让她觉得不可思议。故选C。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，玛雅意识到，上山的旅程不仅仅是为了到达山顶，而是为了发现自己内心一直存在的力量。A. discovering发现；B. creating创造；C. limiting限制；D. possessing拥有。根据下文“her own power that lay within her all along”可知，她意识到上山的旅程是为了发现自己内心一直存在的力量。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛雅充满了自豪，她知道没有什么挑战是她无法克服的。A. regret后悔；B. confusion困惑；C. respect尊敬；D. pride自豪。根据下文“Maya knew that there was no challenge too great for her to overcome”可知，她知道没有什么挑战是她无法克服的，因此充满了自豪。故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天起，玛雅再也没有怀疑过自己。A. defended保卫；B. proved证明；C. doubted怀疑；D. expressed表达。根据上文“Maya knew that there was no challenge too great for her to overcome”可知，她从那以后再也没有怀疑过自己。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道她有力量攀登任何一座山，无论是在世界上还是在她内心。A. technique技巧；B. strength力量；C. eagerness渴望；D. opportunity机会。根据上文“her own power that lay within her all along”和下文“to climb any mountain”可知，她知道自己有力量去攀登任何一座山。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东汕头·期末）While boarding the plane, I felt an excitement rise in me. I was about to realize a dream — traveling abroad alone for the first time. And I had the 1 to go! It was a mixture of pride, recognition and admiration for myself. Landing at the San Francisco airport, I realized: I’ll have to 2 myself in this totally strange city. But I’m not afraid. I’m going to take advantage of every 3 . The question that 4 me most before departure was: Am I really going to be alone? 5 , this first trip alone was also the first trip during which I 6 many people: travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins. Therefore, I have 7 been alone. I’m not saying that I never felt alone or afraid. Surely, there were times when I imagined how 8 it would have been with my family, especially when I got lost while trying to find my hotel, and when I travelled on a night bus next to a man who kept talking to me, so 9 that I could hardly sleep. This trip gave me enormous 10 and all the doubts and fears before the departure had 11 . Throughout my 12 there, I only felt a huge positive energy! It was a very well-planned trip but it was still the most 13 journey I ever had! However hard we try to 14 the trip, there will always be surprises and accidents. Now I do 15 what a “rich and unforgettable experience” is. 1. A．rejection B．freedom C．excuse D．urge 2. A．look for B．rely on C．trust in D．reflect upon 3. A．message B．flight C．moment D．platform 4. A．bothered B．interested C．threatened D．comforted 5. A．Initially B．Strangely C．Sadly D．Hopefully 6. A．assisted B．amused C．encountered D．guided 7. A．finally B．rarely C．apparently D．basically 8. A．awkward B．stressful C．complex D．different 9. A．annoying B．appealing C．surprising D．inspiring 10. A．energy B．warmth C．enjoyment D．honor 11. A．disappeared B．deepened C．remained D．raised 12. A．service B．stay C．wait D．research 13. A．unnecessary B．unavoidable C．uneventful D．unexpected 14. A．plan B．extend C．adjust D．support 15. A．suspect B．remember C．understand D．deny 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者独自去国外旅行的经历和感受。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且我有去的冲动！A. rejection拒绝；B. freedom自由；C. excuse理由；D. urge冲动。根据上文“I felt an excitement rise in me.”以及“I was about to realize a dream”可知，作者非常想去，有强烈的欲望，故选D。 2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在旧金山机场降落时，我意识到：在这个完全陌生的城市，我必须依靠自己。A. look for寻找；B. rely on依靠；C. trust in信任；D. reflect upon反思。根据上文“traveling abroad alone”以及空后“in this totally strange city”可知，作者独自出行，在陌生的城市里只能依靠自己，故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要好好利用每一刻。A. message信息；B. flight航班；C. moment时刻；D. platform平台。根据上文“But I’m not afraid.”可知，作者虽然独自出行在外，但是并不害怕，而是打算好好利用在这里的每一个时刻，故选C。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出发前最困扰我的问题是：我真的要一个人去吗？A. bothered困扰；B. interested使感兴趣；C. threatened威胁；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“The question”和下文“Am I really going to be alone?”可知，作者出发前这个问题困扰着作者，故选A。 5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，这第一次独自旅行也是我第一次遇到很多人的旅行：各种年龄、各种风格和各种出身的旅行者。A. Initially最初；B. Strangely奇怪地；C. Sadly悲伤地；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据上文“Am I really going to be alone?”和下文“many people”可知，上文提到作者出发前因独自出行而感到困扰，下文提到很多人，故此处指让作者感到奇怪，故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. assisted帮助；B. amused逗笑；C. encountered遇见；D. guided指导。根据下文“travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins”可知，此处指作者旅行时遇到的很多其他旅行者，故选C。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我很少是一个人。A. finally最后地；B. rarely很少；C. apparently明显地；D. basically基本地。根据上文“many people: travelers of all ages, all styles and all origins”可知，有很多人一起，作者很少是一个人，故选B。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时候我也会想象和家人在一起会有多么不同，尤其是当我在找酒店的路上迷路的时候，以及当我乘坐夜车时，旁边有个男人不停地和我说话，烦得我几乎睡不着觉的时候。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. stressful有压力的；C. complex复杂的；D. different不同的。根据下文“with my family”可知，作者独自出行，有时会想象要是有家人在情况会有多么不同，故选D。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. annoying令人厌烦的；B. appealing有吸引力的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据下文“I could hardly sleep”可知，那个人一直说话，令人厌烦，导致作者睡不着，故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行给了我极大的快乐，出发前所有的怀疑和恐惧都消失了。A. energy能量；B. warmth温暖；C. enjoyment快乐；D. honor荣誉。根据下文“I only felt a huge positive energy”可知，这次旅行让作者感到快乐，故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disappeared消失；B. deepened加深；C. remained保留；D. raised提高。结合下文“I only felt a huge positive energy”可知，作者出发前所有的怀疑和恐惧都消失了，故选A。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的整个逗留期间，我只感受到一股巨大的正能量！A. service服务；B. stay逗留；C. wait等待；D. research研究。根据第二段首句中“Landing at the San Francisco airport”和上文“This trip gave me enormous”可知，此处是描述作者下飞机后整个旅行期间的感受，故指“在我的整个逗留期间”，故选B。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次计划周密的旅行，但它仍然是我经历过的最意想不到的旅行！A. unnecessary不必要的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. uneventful平淡无奇的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据上文“It was a very well-planned trip but”和下文“there will always be surprises and accidents”可知，计划再周密的旅行也会遇到意料之外的事情，故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我们多么努力地计划这次旅行，总会有惊喜和意外。A. plan计划；B. extend延长；C. adjust调整；D. support支持。根据上文“It was a very well-planned trip”可知，此处指“无论我们多么努力地计划这次旅行”，故选A。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我明白什么是“丰富而难忘的经历”了。A. suspect怀疑；B. remember记得；C. understand明白；D. deny否认。结合上文描述作者独自旅行的感受和空后“what a “rich and unforgettable experience” is.”可知，作者现在明白了什么是“丰富而难忘的经历”，故选C。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河北唐山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Body language is an essential form of communication, helping us to understand what others are saying and feeling. Observing gestures, such as how people stand, move their hands, or hold their arms, 1 (allow) us to gather information beyond spoken words. To interpret body language 2 (effective), we have to understand cultural differences. For instance, making eye contact can indicate interest in one culture, while 3 could be seen as rude in another. In Middle Eastern countries, it is common for men and women to avoid direct eye contact. In Japan, looking down when 4 (speak) to an older person shows respect. Gestures often hold various meanings. The “OK” sign, when 5 (use), may mean money in Japan, zero in France, or even be considered impolite in Brazil. Similarly, head 6 (movement) for “yes” and “no” differ; in Bulgaria and Albania, shaking the head means “ yes,” which contrasts with other parts of the world. Certain actions, such as moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal 7 (represent) “I am full”, seem the same everywhere. However, gestures like a smile are multifunctional, being used to greet, apologise, or start a conversation. Smiling, 8 helps build connections and deal with problems, can even improve our mood. Experts recommend smiling 9 oneself in the mirror to feel happier and more confident. Understanding such slight differences helps us connect 10 (well) with people worldwide, making communication smoother. 【答案】 1. allows 2. effectively 3. it 4. speaking 5. used 6. movements 7. to represent 8. which 9. at 10. better 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要表示了肢体语言对沟通的重要性，不同的肢体动作有不同的含义，理解这些差别有助于更好地与世界各地的人联系。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：观察手势，比如人们如何站立、移动手或握住手臂，可以让我们收集口语之外的信息。空处是本句的谓语。本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语为动名词短语Observing gestures，谓语用单数。故填allows。 2. 考查副词。句意：为了有效地解释肢体语言，我们必须了解文化差异。空处修饰动词interpret，应用副词。effectively意为“有效地”。故填effectively。 3. 考查代词。句意：例如，眼神交流可以表明对一种文化的兴趣，而在另一种文化中则可能被视为粗鲁。空处指代前面提到的动名词短语making eye contact，应用it。故填it。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在日本，与老年人交谈时低头表示尊重。when引导的时间状语从句省略了主语，逻辑主语“人”和speak之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填speaking。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：使用“OK”符号时，在日本可能意味着钱，在法国可能意味着零，甚至在巴西可能被认为是不礼貌的。when引导的时间状语从句省略了主语，逻辑主语The “OK” sign和use之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填used。 6. 考查名词的数。句意：同样，“是”和“否”的头部动作也不同；在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚，摇头意味着“是”，这与世界其他地区形成鲜明对比。movement意为“动作”，为可数名词。前面没有表示数量的限定词，这里表示多个头部动作，应用名词复数。故填movements。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：某些动作，比如饭后用手在肚子上绕圈来表示“我吃饱了”，似乎在任何地方都是一样的。饭后用手在肚子上绕圈是为了表示吃饱，表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to represent。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：微笑有助于建立联系和处理问题，甚至可以改善我们的情绪。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Smiling，且在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故填which。 9. 考查介词。句意：专家建议对着镜子朝自己微笑，让自己感觉更快乐、更自信。smile at sb.意为“对某人微笑”。故填at。 10. 考查比较级。句意：理解这些细微的差异有助于我们更好地与世界各地的人联系，使沟通更加顺畅。根据句中的smoother可知，这里表示更好地与世界各地的人联系，应用well的比较级better。故填better。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·贵州毕节·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qian Xuesen, 1 led China’s space and rocketry programmes, is a gifted rocket scientist. He was born in Shanghai in December 1911. He 2 (admit) into Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1929. In 1934, he won 3 scholarship and in 1935 he left China to study at the Massachusettes Institute of Technology. One year later, he went to the California Institute of Technology to start graduate studies under Theodore von Kármán, a world-famous professor of aerodynamics (空气动力学). From 1938 to 1955, Qian stayed in America, working with Kármán to research aerodynamics, rocketry and missiles (导弹). Despite his high salary and comfortable life in the US, Qian remained 4 (concern) about his home country’s development. In October 1955, Qian braved all the difficulties and finally made his way back to China. Upon his 5 (arrive), Qian Xuesen, together 6 dynamics expert Qian Weichang, 7 (found) the Institute of Mechanics. Then Qian set out 8 (lead) China’s missile and rocketry programmes. Uninterested in fortune and fame, Qian devoted his life to 9 (rebuild) the nation. “As a Chinese technician, my life’s purpose is to serve the people.” Qian died on Oct. 31, 2009. The Chinese people will never forget his 10 (remark) contributions. 【答案】 1. who 2. was admitted 3. a 4. concerned 5. arrival 6. with 7. founded 8. to lead 9. rebuilding 10. remarkable 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国著名火箭科学家钱学森的一生。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：钱学森，中国航天和火箭项目的领军人物，是一位天才的火箭科学家。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Qian Xuesen，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2. 考查动词语态。句意：他1929年考入上海交通大学。根据时间状语in 1929可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，且主语He和动词admit之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was admitted。 3. 考查冠词。句意：1934年，他获得了一笔奖学金，并于1935年离开中国，前往麻省理工学院学习。scholarship为可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且scholarship以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 4. 考查形容词。句意：尽管钱学森在美国薪水很高，生活舒适，但他仍然关心祖国的发展。设空格处应用形容词作表语，concern的形容词为concerned“关心的”。故填concerned。 5. 考查名词。句意：钱学森一到，就和力学家钱伟长一起创办了力学研究所。upon为介词，后跟名词作宾语，arrive的名词为arrival，意为“到达”。故填arrival。 6. 考查介词。句意：同上。固定短语together with“和……一起”。故填with。 7. 考查动词时态。句意：同上。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据上文Upon his arrival可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填founded。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，钱学森着手领导中国的导弹和火箭项目。固定短语set out to do sth“着手做某事”。故填to lead。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：钱学森对名利不感兴趣，他把一生都献给了国家的重建。固定短语devote sth to doing sth“把……献给做某事”。故填rebuilding。 10. 考查形容词。句意：中国人民永远不会忘记他杰出的贡献。空格处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词contributions，remark的形容词为remarkable“杰出的”。故填remarkable。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽蚌埠·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The summer is a great time to be in Britain. The British Museum, the Natural History Museum and Tate Britain are all must-sees for every visitor, but there are also a lot of entirely interesting things to do for those who love the outdoors. As far as I am 1 (concern), the Notting Hill Carnival is one of 2 largest street festivals in Europe, 3 (change) the face of London on the last weekend of August. First held in the mid-1960s, it’s a 4 (celebrate) of Caribbean culture but now 5 (include) Brazilians, Africans and Europeans. With its popularity 6 (constant) growing it’s estimated (估算) that 50, 000 performers will participate 7 the parade. It will draw more than 1 million people over the weekend. In mid-August, in Bristol, the sky is filled with colours during its annual balloon fiesta. If the weather is good, more than 100 hot air balloons 8 (rise) from the fiesta’s site in Ashton Court. Britain is full of traditions. 9 you just stop at a country pub for a beer can make a moment special. Always be sure where you are, and learn enough English 10 (ask) for directions. 【答案】 1. concerned 2. the 3. changing 4. celebration 5. includes 6. constantly 7. in 8. will rise 9. That 10. to ask 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是英国夏季的旅游亮点和活动，包括诺丁山狂欢节和布里斯托尔热气球节等精彩事件。 1. 考查固定搭配。句意：就我而言，诺丁山狂欢节是欧洲最大的街头节日之一，在八月的最后一个周末改变伦敦的面貌。此处为固定搭配“as far as I am concerned”，表示“就我而言”。故填concerned。 2. 考查定冠词。句意：就我而言，诺丁山狂欢节是欧洲最大的街头节日之一，在八月的最后一个周末改变伦敦的面貌。此空后为形容词最高级修饰名词，所以此处使用定冠词the。故填the。 3. 考查现在分词。句意：就我而言，诺丁山狂欢节是欧洲最大的街头节日之一，改变八月最后一个周末伦敦的面貌。此处为非谓语动词作状语，change与其逻辑主语the Notting Hill Carnival 之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填changing。 4. 考查名词。句意：首次于上世纪60年代中期举行，它是加勒比文化的庆典，但现在还包括巴西人、非洲人和欧洲人。此处为名词表语，celebrate的名词为celebration，表示“庆典”，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填celebration。 5. 考查动词时态。句意：首次于上世纪60年代中期举行，它是加勒比文化的庆典，但现在还包括巴西人、非洲人和欧洲人。此处为谓语动词，结合句意以及时间状语now可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填includes。 6. 考查副词。句意：随着其受欢迎程度不断增长，估计将有50,000名表演者参加游行。此处为副词修饰动词growing，constant的副词为constantly，意为“不断地”符合句意。故填constantly。 7. 考查介词。句意：随着其受欢迎程度不断增长，估计将有50,000名表演者参加游行。此处为固定短语participate in意为“参加”符合句意，所以此处使用介词in。故填in。 8. 考查动词时态。句意：如果天气好，超过100个热气球将从阿什顿法院的节日场地升空。此处为主句的谓语动词，根据“主将从现”原则，条件状语从句使用一般现在时，所以此处使用一般将来时态。故填will rise。 9. 考查主语从句。句意：在英国的传统中，仅仅在一个乡村酒吧停下来喝一杯啤酒就能让这一刻变得特别。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中不缺少句子成分，且句意完整，所以此处使用连接词that，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填That。 10. 考查动词不定式。句意：总是确保你知道自己在哪里，并学习足够的英语来问路。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to ask。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of lion dance are believed to date back over a thousand years in China. Traditionally 1 (perform) during the Chinese New Year and significant occasions, this art form is intended to ward off evil spirits and invite good fortune. 2 time, lion dance has emerged as a cultural bridge 3 (connect) diverse cultures, through a shared appreciation for its 4 (artist) beauty and symbolic significance. The story of Kelvin Tran, 5 participant in the 2024 World Chinese King of Lion Dance Championship, reflects the journey of cultural exchange. Tran grew up in a Sydney neighborhood 6 lion dancing is popular. At the age of eight, a family friend introduced him to the practice, marking his crucial step into the world of lion dance. It was his great enthusiasm 7 eventually made Tran co-found a lion dance team in 2018. “Our membership has grown to over 70 people, 8 reflects not only an increase in numbers but also the deepening of relationships among members,” he noted. “I wouldn’t just call them friends; I call them family,” Tran emphasized, highlighting how lion dance helps build and strengthen community ties in Australia. Despite not 9 (award) the “Lion Dance King”, Tran was satisfied with 10 his team had achieved. “Competing at such a significant competition is very special and incredibly meaningful to us,” Tran said. 【答案】 1. performed 2. Over 3. connecting 4. artistic 5. a 6. where 7. that 8. which 9. being awarded 10. what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了舞狮的起源、意义，还通过Kelvin Tran的故事展现了舞狮在文化交流中的桥梁作用及其社区凝聚力。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种艺术形式传统上是在中国新年和重要场合表演的，意在驱邪避凶，招来好运。空处在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语this art form构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式作状语。故填performed。 2. 考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，舞狮已成为连接不同文化的文化桥梁，通过对其艺术美感和象征意义的共同欣赏。结合语意可知，此处表示“随着时间的推移”，短语为over time，over置于句首，首字母大写。故填Over。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，舞狮已成为连接不同文化的文化桥梁，通过对其艺术美感和象征意义的共同欣赏。connect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语cultural bridge构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填connecting。 4. 考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，舞狮已成为连接不同文化的文化桥梁，通过对其艺术美感和象征意义的共同欣赏。空处修饰名词beauty，应用形容词artistic，作定语。故填artistic。 5. 考查冠词。句意：Kelvin Tran，2024年世界华人舞狮王锦标赛的参赛者的故事，反映了文化交流的历程。participant为可数名词，此处泛指一位参赛者，应用不定冠词，且participant是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：Tran在悉尼一个舞狮很受欢迎的社区长大。空处引导定语从句，先行词是Sydney neighborhood，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7. 考查强调句。句意：正是他极大的热情最终让Tran在2018年共同创立了一支舞狮队。本句使用强调句“It was+被强调部分+that+其它”，此处强调了主语his great enthusiasm，空处应用that。故填that。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：“我们的会员已经发展到70多人，这不仅反映了人数的增加，也反映了会员之间关系的加深，”他指出。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管没有获得“舞狮王”的称号，但Tran对自己的团队所取得的成就感到满意。award在句中作介词Despite的宾语，应用动名词形式，且结合语意，award与逻辑主语Tran构成被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。故填being awarded。 10. 考查宾语从句。句意：尽管没有获得“舞狮王”的称号，但Tran对自己的团队所取得的成就感到满意。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物，应用what引导。故填what。 ( 乐思英语 ) 24 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$