Unit4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册高中同步学案（人教版）

Period 2　Reading and Thinking (Ⅱ)　内化要点课 素养目标 1.Learn and grasp the following important new words and expressions: nearby, defence, legal, surround, evidence，achievement，location, join...to...，break away, belong to, as well as 2.Understand the following useful sentence patterns：主句，which...；have sth./sb. done; If..., you will... 3.According to the context, use new words, expressions and difficult sentences correctly. Ⅰ.根据语境及首字母提示填写单词 1．Tomas is the chief financial officer of the company. 2．Monuments were built in memory of soldiers who died in defence of their country. 3．Bills are published to ensure the legal rights of wives. 4．The house is surrounded by trees. 5．There is no evidence to support this theory. 6．Students are accommodated in homes nearby． 7．To come in third was a great achievement for her. 8．These scenes were filmed on a location in Ireland. Ⅱ.根据提示词或首字母写出正确的单词 1．The passage is chiefly (chief) about a little girl struggling for a better life. 2．The firm got fined for its illegal (legal) trade in diamonds. 3．We have achieved what we set out to do. 4．It was evident (evidence) to him that he was upset. 5．The policeman was trying to locate the position of the thief. 6．This is a book belonging (belong) to my friend. Ⅲ.根据语境填入适当的介词或副词 1．Keep your eyes open for the steps. 2．Logically, the statues belong to them. 3．The famous star broke away from the club and joined a new one. 4．The main land is joined to the three places by the new bridge. 5．Please tell me the difference between these names. 6．In the 16th century, the two countries were joined together. 7．His laziness resulted in his failure in all the fields. 8．The dictionary can be referred to if you meet some new words. 9．The four countries share the same flag, known as the Union Jack. 10．The city is surrounded by mountains. 1．Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.(P40)稍微了解一下英国历史，就会帮助你解开这个谜题。 ◆ puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑 What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. 使你困惑的事实际上对很多中国父母来说也是个谜题。 puzzle over/about 苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁 be in a puzzle (about) (对……)不知如何是好 puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 困惑的；感到迷惑的 be/feel puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 I'm in a puzzle as to what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。 The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire. 消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。 To be honest, I sometimes feel puzzled about my future career. 说实话，有时我对我以后的职业生涯感到困惑。 重要提示　过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled，confused, frightened, excited, surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look，voice，smile，expression，face等。 【微写作】　There was a puzzled look on the little girl's face because a puzzling problem puzzled her. 小女孩的脸上有一种困惑的表情，因为一个令人困惑的问题使她困惑不解。 单句填空 (1)The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident happened. (2)Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle to us. (3)When the little girl was asked such a puzzling (puzzle) question, she stood there with a surprised look on her face. (4)This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travellers were reading a map, looking puzzled(puzzle)． 2．Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.(P40) 最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，这形成了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 ◆ break away from 脱离；背叛；逃脱 It was wrong of him to break away from all his good friends. 他和他所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。 What can we do to help them break away from the difficult position? 我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢？ The prisoner broke away from his guards. 犯人挣脱了看守。 break down　　(机器)出故障；(谈判等)失败 break in 插嘴；闯入 break into 闯入；突然……起来 break out (战争、火灾等)爆发 break up 拆散；驱散；使(关系等)破裂；解散；分手 break through 取得突破；克服 Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking into your house. 仔细关好门窗，避免陌生人闯入你的家中。 When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定到军队中服役。 用适当的介副词填空 (1)The thief tried to break away from the policeman, but he failed. (2)Talks between them broke down with no agreement reached. (3)In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts. (4)The hacker broke into the bank's computer system. 3．The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.(P40)同属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。 ◆ belong to 属于，应在某处；适应 Those books belong to the library but this is my own. 那些书是图书馆的，但这本是我自己的。 As is known to us, China is a country belonging to developing countries. 众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。 重要提示　belong to中to为介词，后接名词或代词宾格。作后置定语时常用动词-ing形式。 Anyone has no right to take the land belonging to the state as their own. 任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。 belong to　　还可表示“是……的财产；是……的组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。 belongings n. 财产；所有物；相关事物 【误】　The computers inside the classroom are belonged to our school. 【正】　The computers inside the classroom belong to our school. 教室里的电脑属于我们学校。 (1)The teacher keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the well-educated. (2)Having sold most of his belongings (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house. (3)The mountain village I visited last week is made up of 30 families belonging (belong) to five nationalities. 4．They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.(P40)像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗，称为米字旗。 ◆as well as 同(一样/也)；和；还 Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. 科学可以促成好事，也可以导致坏事。 She intends to fight to make it a woman's as well as a man's world. 她打算努力奋斗使它不但成为男人的世界，也成为女人的世界。 重要提示　当“A as well as B”结构作主语时，谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。 The teacher as well as his classmates likes playing basketball. 老师和学生们都喜欢打篮球。 Mary's parents as well as her sister are listening to a concert. 玛丽的父母和她的妹妹在听音乐会。 as well　也(置于肯定句句末) may/might as well do sth.　最好做某事 My little brother can speak English and French as well. 我弟弟会说英语，也会说法语。 Since you have started the job, you might as well finish it. 既然你开了头，索性把这项工作做完吧。 单句填空 (1)Doing too much exercise earlier in the day should make you feel physically as well as mentally tired. (2)The basketball coach，as well as his team，was_interviewed (interview) shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. (3)Many students as well as the teacher were (be) present at the meeting yesterday. ◆defence n．防御；保卫 The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks. 城墙是为防御敌人袭击而修建的。 Humour is a more effective defence than violence. 幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。 in defence of＝in one's defence　保卫……；为……辩护 defend v. 防守，辩护，防卫 defend sb./sth. from/against... 保护某人/某物免遭……；保卫某人/某物抵御…… What points can be raised in defence of this argument? 有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？ They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attacks. 他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境免受可能的攻击。 【微写作】　In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked. 在战争时期，许多钱将花在国防上，并将采取许多措施来保卫一个国家免受攻击。 单句填空 (4)What was especially important for Tim's successful defence (defend) in the football game? (5)Students should be trained to defend themselves against/from some attacks. (6)He has hired a lawyer to_defend (defend) himself against his action. 5．Almost everywhere you go in the UK，you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.(P40)英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家，无论你身处英国何方，这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。 ◆surround vt. 围绕；包围 A lake is an area of water surrounded by land. 湖泊就是被一片陆地包围的水域。 Make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. 确保自己身边环绕的是乐观向上的人。 surround...with...　　使……包围…… be surrounded with/by 被……包围 surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n. 环境The teacher sat on the grass, surrounded with/by his students. 那位老师坐在草地上，四周围着他的学生。 Once upon a time, a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings. 从前，在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。 【微写作】　He walked in the surrounding villages and found the surroundings very comfortable to live in. 他在周围的村庄里散步，发现周边环境非常宜居。 用surround的适当形式填空 (1)The surrounding area contains plenty of native bushes and some famous walks. (2)Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. (3)They built themselves large villas(别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. (4)Looking around, I found myself surrounded by a group of children full of curiosity. 1．So what is the difference between them，if any？(P40) 那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？ if any“如果有的话”，是省略形式，句子补全应为：if there is any difference between them。 Please correct my mistakes，if any. 如果有错误，请帮我改正。 Problems, if any, should be solved without delay. 有问题要及时解决。 if so　如果是这样的话 if not 如果不这样的话，如果没有 if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 if possible 如果有可能 if necessary 如果有必要 The garbage is then taken away and, if possible，recycled. 然后垃圾被带走，如果可能的话会进行回收利用。 She seldom, if ever, goes to the opera. 她很少去看歌剧。 选词填空(if ever/if possible/if not/if so) (1)Is everybody feeling cold？If_not，let us open the windows. (2)The girl seldom，if_ever,_turned to her brother for protection. (3)—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? —Yes.If_possible,_I'm going to visit some old people's homes in the city. (4)Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct？If_so,_how did human beings acquire this amazing skill? 2．Almost everywhere you go in the UK，you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.(P40)英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家，无论你身处英国何方，这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。 本句是一个复合句，其中everywhere是连词，引导地点状语从句。 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 他们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切几乎都被毁了。 I wanted to save up money and buy my own car, so I applied everywhere I could that summer. 那年夏天，我想攒钱买属于自己的车，所以我四处求职。 重要提示　(1)everywhere还可用作副词，意为“到处”。 I looked for it everywhere，but didn't find it. 我哪儿都找过了，但没有找到。 注意：有时根据需要可与介词from连用。 Congratulations poured in from everywhere. 祝贺像潮水一样从四面八方涌来。 (2)everywhere 可用作表语，表示某种情况很普遍。 Girls with long hair were everywhere in the 1960s. 在20世纪60年代，女孩子留长发的现象相当普遍。 (3)everywhere用作名词，在句中作主语。 Everywhere seemed to be silent. 万籁俱寂。 完成句子 (1)不管到哪里，我们周围都是空气。 There is air around us everywhere we go． (2)不管我往哪里看，都是美丽的花朵。 Everywhere I looked_，there were beautiful flowers. 一、单词拼写 1. The journalist interviewed each ________ (单独的) member of the football team after the team won the match. 【答案】　individual 2．The ________ (主要的) reason why Sam didn't go to the party was that he had a lot of homework to do. 【答案】　chief / main / major 3．The hotel is in a good ________ (位置), from where you can easily get to the famous tourist attractions in the city. 【答案】　location / position / place 4．Guangzhou and Quanzhou are important ____________ (港口) in ancient China's foreign trade. 【答案】　ports / harbours / harbors 5．To help the sick lady, several volunteers raised a large ________ (数量) of money for her. 【答案】　amount / quantity 二、单句语法填空 1．Some ________ (individual) are naturally good communicators. 【答案】　individuals 2．It is one of the most pressing ________ (problem)facing this country. 【答案】　problems 3. ________ (learn) philosophy can broaden your horizons. 【答案】　Learning 4．We live in a world in ________ only the strongest can make it to the top. 【答案】　which 5. Hong Kong is ________ (join) to Zhuhai by HongKong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge. 【答案】　joined 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$