Unit 5 First aid 动词 - ing 形式的用法复习 学案 2025-2026学年 高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

( 单元核心语法·精练 ) 选必二 Unit 5 First aid （动词 - ing 形式的用法（复习）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、动词 - ing 形式的构成及基本变化 用法介绍 动词 - ing 形式（包括现在分词和动名词）由 “动词原形 + ing” 构成，可根据动作的时间、语态及逻辑主语呈现不同形式，是第五单元语法的基础。 类型 构成规则 示例（说明逻辑关系） 一般式 doing（与谓语动作同时发生） He stood there, watching the game.（他站在那里看比赛，“看” 与 “站” 同时发生） 完成式 having done（先于谓语动作发生） Having finished his work, he went home.（完成工作后他才回家，“完成” 在 “回家” 之前） 被动式 being done（表被动动作） The house being built is our new school.（正在被建的房子是我们的新学校） 完成被动式 having been done（先于谓语的被动动作） Having been praised by the teacher, she felt happy.（被老师表扬后，她很开心） 复合结构 名词所有格 / 形容词性物主代词 + ing 形式 His coming surprised us.（他的到来让我们很惊讶，“他” 是 “到来” 的逻辑主语） 注意事项 1. 形式与动作关系匹配：完成式强调 “先于谓语动作”，被动式强调 “动作承受”，需根据语境选择（如错误：He apologized for being late. 若 “迟到” 在 “道歉” 前，应为：He apologized for having been late.）。 2. 复合结构的逻辑主语：当 - ing 形式的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，必须用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词（如错误：Him smoking here is not allowed. 正确：His smoking here is not allowed.）。 二、动词 - ing 形式作状语和定语 用法介绍 动词 - ing 形式作状语可表多种逻辑关系，作定语可描述被修饰词的特征，核心是与被修饰词或句子主语的主动关系。 类型 用法说明 示例 作状语 表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，与主语是主动关系 Walking in the park, I met an old friend.（表时间，“走” 是主语 I 发出的动作） Not knowing what to do, he asked for help.（表原因，“不知道” 是主语 he 的状态） 作定语 表主动或正在进行，置于被修饰词前或后 a barking dog（一只正在叫的狗，表主动和进行） The girl singing on the stage is my sister.（在舞台上唱歌的女孩是我妹妹，后置修饰） 注意事项 1. 作状语时的逻辑主语：必须与句子主语一致，否则为 “悬垂分词”（如错误：Seeing from the top, the city is beautiful. 正确：Seeing from the top, we find the city beautiful. 或 Seen from the top, the city is beautiful.）。 2. 作定语时的位置：单个 - ing 形式作定语置于被修饰词前，短语作定语置于后（如错误：a dog barking 正确：a barking dog；错误：singing on the stage girl 正确：the girl singing on the stage）。 三、动词 - ing 形式作主语、宾语和表语 用法介绍 动词 - ing 形式（动名词）具有名词性，可作主语、宾语、表语，表抽象或习惯性动作，与不定式作成分时存在语义差异。 类型 用法说明 示例 作主语 表抽象动作，可直接作主语或用 it 作形式主语 Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼） It’s no use complaining.（抱怨是没用的） 作宾语 接在及物动词（如 enjoy, avoid）或介词后 She enjoys dancing.（她喜欢跳舞） He is afraid of flying.（他害怕坐飞机） 作表语 说明主语的内容或性质 Her hobby is painting.（她的爱好是画画，可与主语换位：Painting is her hobby.） The book is interesting.（这本书很有趣，表性质） 注意事项 1. 固定搭配记忆：部分动词后只能接 - ing 形式（如 mind, practice, suggest），不可接不定式（如错误：He practices to play the piano. 正确：He practices playing the piano.）。 2. 与不定式作主语的区别：-ing 形式表习惯性、抽象动作，不定式表具体、一次性动作（如Running every morning is good.（习惯） vs. To run tomorrow is necessary.（具体））。 3. 作表语与进行时的区分：-ing 形式作表语表主语性质或内容（The story is exciting.），进行时表动作正在进行（He is reading.），不可混淆。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．（24-25高二上·北京朝阳·期末） (run) in the morning is a good habit that helps improve my physical health. 2．（24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）Tom denied (persuade) Mary to predict that the future of AI careers was potential. 3．（24-25高二上·广东惠州·阶段练习）Their job is (make) wheelchairs for disabled people. 4．（23-24高二下·全国·课后作业）Sorry, madam. You have to wait your turn. The (park) lot is full. 5．（25-26高二上·全国·课前预习）After the (advertise) campaign, our market share has increased by 15% to 60% in the home market. 6．（18-19高二上·福建福州·期末）It’s no use (cry) over spilt milk. 7．（23-24高二上·甘肃天水·期末）James is busy (practice) for the school concert. 8．（24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末）With no evidence, Tom refused to acknowledge (destroy) the statue. 9．（24-25高二上·北京西城·期末） (develop) a sense of adventure helps us live life to its fullest. 10．（22-23高二上·广东湛江·期末）She devotes herself to (help) the poor children. 11．（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）It’s better to have more people to serve students to reduce their (wait) time. 12．（22-23高二上·广东惠州·开学考试） (warn) signs have been put up around the construction site. 13．（24-25高二上·黑龙江大庆·期末） (equip) with modern facilities is necessary for a school to provide a good learning environment. 14．（24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末）They didn’t anticipate (meet) so much trouble in the process. 15．（23-24高二上·黑龙江大庆·期末）Nowadays, (equip) with knowledge of the computer is an important qualification for most posts. 二、完成句子 1. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·阶段练习）Rose 正期待着在机构里提升工作能力。 Rose is her working ability in an organisation. 2. （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中）要实现梦想，关键是为之腾出时间。 One of the keys to realizing your dream is time for it. 3. （23-24高二上·广东茂名·期末）与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。 people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from and thus gives us more insight into our own culture 4. （23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末）Organic farming is simply farming any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and disease through natural means. 有机耕作就是不用任何化学肥料的耕作。有机耕作的农民注重通过自然的方式保持土壤肥沃和免受病害。 5. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末） a position in a remote rural school is a great honor. 能在偏远的农村学校任职是一种荣幸。 6. （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）我们人类总是被自己情感的力量所驱使。 We humans can’t help by the force of our emotions. 7. （22-23高二上·全国·课后作业）船在返航途中曾在好几个港口停靠。 The ship berthed at several ports . 8. （2023高二·全国·专题练习）At present, there exist some problems in the of teachers. Schools should perfect the means of and improve level. 当前教师评价中存在着一些弊端，学校应针对存在的问题，完善评价方法，提高评价水平。 9. （22-23高二上·广东广州·阶段练习）他演讲的主题是打破组与组之间的障碍。 The theme of his lecture is barriers between groups. 10. （23-24高二上·广东茂名·期末）在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 Elsewhere, people shaking hands, the , or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 11. （23-24高二上·江苏扬州·期末）我们应该理性地使用人工智能，避免成为它的牺牲品。 We should apply AI in a reasonable way to avoid it. 12. （23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。 Beyond this, you can keep healthy by different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than foods. 13. （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末）Elsewhere, people , bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. (favour) 在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 14. （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末） body language is an important component of being a teacher. (react) 对肢体语言做出反应是作为一名教师的重要组成部分。 15. （24-25高二上·内蒙古·期末）出发前士兵们对他们的装备做了最后一次检查。 The soldiers gave their equipment a final check before . 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末） It was a Sunday afternoon in May. Paul Blachut was busy working at a restaurant in scenic Augsburg, Germany. Many tourists came for food at the pretty place beside the river, where the meltwater was cold at this time of year. A mother and her daughter were 1 the cooling water by the riverbank. They were playing with an inflatable tube happily when 2 the girl lost her footing and was caught in the river’s current. It happened so fast that the girl desperately grabbed (抓) on to the tube, which her mother was sitting in, throwing her into the river, too. Blachut heard the sudden shout, “Two women are drowning in the river!” Then he hurried to the 3 , where he spotted them trying to grab anything they could. He was horrified to see that one of them kept sinking. Blachut’s mind 4 , “How can I help them?” 5 having no lifesaving training, he rushed down to the riverbank. Quickly he 6 his T-shirt and jumped into the river. He didn’t care about the cold; all he could think about was saving the women. It was obvious they were 7 . As Blachut got closer to them, he could 8 that the mother seemed to be in the most trouble. She was drowning. He 9 a film in which a lifeguard grabbed a drowning victim’s body, pulling the person ashore while swimming on his back. Blachut tried this, but the woman’s clothing made her so 10 ; he kept being dragged under, too. He needed a new 11 . He quickly dived under the drowning woman, 12 her upward and using that momentum (水势) to take her toward the shore. At that time, an onlooker was able to 13 the woman’s hand, pulling her ashore. Then Blachut jumped into the river again. He swam downstream, got hold of the daughter, and was able to get her out in the same way, too. Several onlookers expressed their 14 for Blachut following the incident. However, Blachut was 15 about his role, “The whole rescue only took several minutes and I am happy to receive your praise.” 1. A．enjoying B．buying C．drinking D．pouring 2. A．slowly B．naturally C．fortunately D．suddenly 3. A．pool B．restaurant C．shore D．tube 4. A．stopped B．raced C．wandered D．worked 5. A．Without B．Despite C．Besides D．For 6. A．put away B．tried on C．took off D．hung up 7. A．helpless B．dangerous C．calm D．busy 8. A．share B．express C．respond D．tell 9. A．mentioned B．recalled C．rent D．shot 10. A．pretty B．soft C．heavy D．strong 11. A．schedule B．task C．message D．plan 12. A．pushing B．flying C．rolling D．pulling 13. A．wave B．clap C．grasp D．shake 14. A．surprise B．admiration C．happiness D．hope 15. A．curious B．careful C．passionate D．modest Passage 2 （23-24高二上·河南·期末）Two Michigan boys are being praised as heroes for saving another boy from drowning in a swimming pool. Noah Roche, 12, and his brother Weston Woods, 8, were at an apartment swimming pool when they 1 7-year-old Griffin Emerson. Griffin had been playing in the shallow end of the pool in his water wings (浮水圈) but then decided to 2 them and start to drift (漂流) over toward the pool’s 3 end. “I just wanted to 4 myself. Like, yeah, I can actually swim.” Griffin said. But in surveillance (监视) video 5 by the Genesee County Sheriff’s Office, Griffin can be seen 6 to keep his head above the water. 7 other people around Griffin don’t seem to notice the boy and nearly a full minute passes with Griffin 8 to the bottom. “I saw him at the bottom of the pool. So I told Weston to dive down to see if he’s OK,” Noah said. Weston jumped in and reached down to 9 Griffin to the pool’s surface. The boys’ mother, Sylese Roche, called 911, telling the 10 that Griffin wasn’t breathing and was receiving CPR (心肺复苏). “Griffin’s mom ran over to him and instantly 11 CPR,” Roche said. Eventually, Griffin started to breathe again and his mother can be seen in the surveillance video patting his 12 as he spits out water. “I was 13 that I was going to drown. It felt all strange. I 14 some water and that’s it,” Griffin said afterward. Within 36 hours of the 15 , Griffin made a full recovery and was released. 1. A．investigated B．noticed C．influenced D．treated 2. A．remove B．change C．fix D．seize 3. A．crowded B．deep C．narrow D．small 4. A．express B．introduce C．help D．prove 5. A．made B．rented C．released D．provided 6. A．struggling B．deciding C．choosing D．preferring 7. A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．However D．Moreover 8. A．jumping B．swimming C．sinking D．racing 9. A．spread B．pull C．lead D．follow 10. A．coach B．journalist C．teacher D．operator 11. A．started B．learned C．accepted D．judged 12. A．hand B．leg C．head D．back 13. A．astonished B．scared C．angry D．embarrassed 14. A．used up B．caught up C．coughed up D．heated up 15. A．incident B．challenge C．test D．consultation Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东淄博·期末）It was late October in 1997. Mike Coots was surfing with his friends near his home in Hawaii when he was 1 by a shark. As Mike struggled to swim back, he 2 his lower right leg was gone. 3 , his friends rushed to his aid and drove him to hospital. For the next few weeks, Mike spent time with his family and 4 the future. As soon as Mike was given the OK by his doctors, he did what many of us might consider 5 : he started riding the waves again. In fact, his first time back was near the 6 of the attack. But Mike was unshaken. Instead, he was curious and tried to 7 why he was attacked. His 8 led him to research sharks, and he did learn something that would 9 his life: Humans are far more 10 to sharks than the other way around. About 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins on tables alone. His unique situation as a shark 11 empowered him to give sharks a voice. He 12 with other like-minded shark attack survivors and biologists, to create a nationwide 13 protecting sharks. After the attack, Mike also 14 how much he loved photography, and it has become his 15 . He enjoys using his photos to show sharks are important part of biodiversity. 1. A．searched B．attacked C．guided D．threatened 2. A．guessed B．imagined C．predicted D．realized 3. A．Fortunately B．Obviously C．Undoubtedly D．Surprisingly 4. A．compared B．identified C．considered D．suspected 5. A．unthinkable B．uncomfortable C．unfair D．unhappy 6. A．condition B．environment C．background D．spot 7. A．carry out B．figure out C．point out D．call out 8. A．anxiety B．independence C．curiosity D．confidence 9. A．change B．continue C．challenge D．lose 10. A．puzzling B．important C．terrible D．dangerous 11. A．fighter B．survivor C．hunter D．consumer 12. A．discussed B．exchanged C．partnered D．debated 13. A．motion B．connection C．situation D．argument 14. A．appreciated B．doubted C．decided D．discovered 15. A．reaction B．profession C．observation D．version 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an essential part and 1 largest organ of our body, the skin has many important 2 (function). Therefore, 3 (get) burnt can lead 4 very serious injuries, which need first aid in time. We can get burnt by a 5 (various) of things, like hot liquids, fire or some chemicals. Depending on the depth of skin damage, burns can 6 (divide) into three types: first-degree burns, second-degree burns and third-degree burns. For first-degree burns, first, place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Second, dry the burnt area 7 (gentle) with a clean cloth. Meanwhile, remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Don’t apply oil to the injured areas, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause 8 (infect). It is important 9 (take) the victim 10 is suffering from second or third-degree burns to the hospital right away. Passage 2 （20-21高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Disaster struck in the town of Redbrooke late last night when the Palmer Court apartment block that was built recently 1 (catch) fire and was completely destroyed. It was just after 2:00 am when many of the residents in the building were woken by 2 strange smell of smoke. The firemen arrived with no delay to help to withdraw the residents from the building and deal with the fire. The fire spread rapidly through the building and the rescue 3 (operate) had to be carried out quickly 4 (save) the forty-three residents inside. Twenty-nine people were taken to Redbrooke General Hospital, suffering from smoke inhalation (吸入) and slight 5 (burn), but it is expected that they will be discharged later today. The 6 (remain) fourteen people were withdrawn with no injuries from the building. The firemen battled with the fire until 7 o'clock this morning but 7 (be) unable to save the building. The residents will be provided with accommodation 8 (temporary). An investigation is being carried out to determine the cause of the fire. At present, 9 is suspected that the fire happened because the electrical wiring system failed to function normally, 10 would explain why so many flats were affected at the same time. Passage 3 （23-24高二上·湖南岳阳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is Chinese acupuncture, which dates back to the Stone Age. Stone tools were used to press areas of the body, 1 (replace) by stone needles later. 2 (original), there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape. During a visit to the acupuncture clinic, the acupuncturist first examines the patient, then followed by asking some questions about the patient’s condition and 3 (feel) his or her pulse. All checkups are made 4 (select) certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so 5 a health problem can be treated. Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat 6 wide variety of health problems, more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and 7 (anxious) too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, 8 (drug) or tobacco.     Today, acupuncture is recognized 9 a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and 10 (come) into widespread use around the world already. ( 乐思英语 ) 9 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 单元核心语法·精练 ) 选必二 Unit 5 First aid （动词 - ing 形式的用法（复习）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、动词 - ing 形式的构成及基本变化 用法介绍 动词 - ing 形式（包括现在分词和动名词）由 “动词原形 + ing” 构成，可根据动作的时间、语态及逻辑主语呈现不同形式，是第五单元语法的基础。 类型 构成规则 示例（说明逻辑关系） 一般式 doing（与谓语动作同时发生） He stood there, watching the game.（他站在那里看比赛，“看” 与 “站” 同时发生） 完成式 having done（先于谓语动作发生） Having finished his work, he went home.（完成工作后他才回家，“完成” 在 “回家” 之前） 被动式 being done（表被动动作） The house being built is our new school.（正在被建的房子是我们的新学校） 完成被动式 having been done（先于谓语的被动动作） Having been praised by the teacher, she felt happy.（被老师表扬后，她很开心） 复合结构 名词所有格 / 形容词性物主代词 + ing 形式 His coming surprised us.（他的到来让我们很惊讶，“他” 是 “到来” 的逻辑主语） 注意事项 1. 形式与动作关系匹配：完成式强调 “先于谓语动作”，被动式强调 “动作承受”，需根据语境选择（如错误：He apologized for being late. 若 “迟到” 在 “道歉” 前，应为：He apologized for having been late.）。 2. 复合结构的逻辑主语：当 - ing 形式的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，必须用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词（如错误：Him smoking here is not allowed. 正确：His smoking here is not allowed.）。 二、动词 - ing 形式作状语和定语 用法介绍 动词 - ing 形式作状语可表多种逻辑关系，作定语可描述被修饰词的特征，核心是与被修饰词或句子主语的主动关系。 类型 用法说明 示例 作状语 表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，与主语是主动关系 Walking in the park, I met an old friend.（表时间，“走” 是主语 I 发出的动作） Not knowing what to do, he asked for help.（表原因，“不知道” 是主语 he 的状态） 作定语 表主动或正在进行，置于被修饰词前或后 a barking dog（一只正在叫的狗，表主动和进行） The girl singing on the stage is my sister.（在舞台上唱歌的女孩是我妹妹，后置修饰） 注意事项 1. 作状语时的逻辑主语：必须与句子主语一致，否则为 “悬垂分词”（如错误：Seeing from the top, the city is beautiful. 正确：Seeing from the top, we find the city beautiful. 或 Seen from the top, the city is beautiful.）。 2. 作定语时的位置：单个 - ing 形式作定语置于被修饰词前，短语作定语置于后（如错误：a dog barking 正确：a barking dog；错误：singing on the stage girl 正确：the girl singing on the stage）。 三、动词 - ing 形式作主语、宾语和表语 用法介绍 动词 - ing 形式（动名词）具有名词性，可作主语、宾语、表语，表抽象或习惯性动作，与不定式作成分时存在语义差异。 类型 用法说明 示例 作主语 表抽象动作，可直接作主语或用 it 作形式主语 Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼） It’s no use complaining.（抱怨是没用的） 作宾语 接在及物动词（如 enjoy, avoid）或介词后 She enjoys dancing.（她喜欢跳舞） He is afraid of flying.（他害怕坐飞机） 作表语 说明主语的内容或性质 Her hobby is painting.（她的爱好是画画，可与主语换位：Painting is her hobby.） The book is interesting.（这本书很有趣，表性质） 注意事项 1. 固定搭配记忆：部分动词后只能接 - ing 形式（如 mind, practice, suggest），不可接不定式（如错误：He practices to play the piano. 正确：He practices playing the piano.）。 2. 与不定式作主语的区别：-ing 形式表习惯性、抽象动作，不定式表具体、一次性动作（如Running every morning is good.（习惯） vs. To run tomorrow is necessary.（具体））。 3. 作表语与进行时的区分：-ing 形式作表语表主语性质或内容（The story is exciting.），进行时表动作正在进行（He is reading.），不可混淆。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．（24-25高二上·北京朝阳·期末） (run) in the morning is a good habit that helps improve my physical health. 【答案】Running 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：早上跑步是一个好习惯，有助于改善我的身体健康。空处作主语，run为动词，用其动名词形式，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Running。 2．（24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）Tom denied (persuade) Mary to predict that the future of AI careers was potential. 【答案】persuading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆否认曾说服玛丽预测人工智能职业的未来是有潜力的。此处为短语deny doing sth.表示“否认做过某事”。故填persuading。 3．（24-25高二上·广东惠州·阶段练习）Their job is (make) wheelchairs for disabled people. 【答案】making 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他们的工作是为残疾人制作轮椅。be动词后接动名词形式作表语，作表语时通常表示主语的内容或性质，故填making。 4．（23-24高二下·全国·课后作业）Sorry, madam. You have to wait your turn. The (park) lot is full. 【答案】parking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对不起，夫人。你必须等待轮到你。停车场已经满了。空处需填现动名词parking，作定语，修饰名词lot。故填parking。 5．（25-26高二上·全国·课前预习）After the (advertise) campaign, our market share has increased by 15% to 60% in the home market. 【答案】advertising 【详解】考查动名词。句意：广告活动之后，我们在国内的市场份额增加了15%，达到60%。空格处缺少定语，修饰名词campaign，advertising campaign是固定用法，意为“广告活动”，因此空格处是动名词advertising，作定语，表示活动的目的，故填advertising。 6．（18-19高二上·福建福州·期末）It’s no use (cry) over spilt milk. 【答案】crying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：覆水难收。固定句型It is no use doing …意为“做……是没有用的”，it是形式主语，用动名词作真正的主语。故填crying。 7．（23-24高二上·甘肃天水·期末）James is busy (practice) for the school concert. 【答案】practicing 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：James正忙着为学校演奏会练习。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语be busy (in) doing sth.，意为“忙于做某事”，此处应使用动名词作宾语。故填practicing。 8．（24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末）With no evidence, Tom refused to acknowledge (destroy) the statue. 【答案】destroying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有证据，汤姆拒绝承认毁坏了雕像。固定短语acknowledge doing sth.“承认做了某事”，应用动名词，作宾语。故填destroying。 9．（24-25高二上·北京西城·期末） (develop) a sense of adventure helps us live life to its fullest. 【答案】Developing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：培养冒险意识有助于我们充实地生活。空处作主语，需用动名词形式developing，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Developing。 10．（22-23高二上·广东湛江·期末）She devotes herself to (help) the poor children. 【答案】helping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她致力于帮助贫困儿童。“devote oneself to doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“致力于做某事”，其中“to”是介词，其后应接动名词形式作宾语，help的动名词形式是helping。故填helping。 11．（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）It’s better to have more people to serve students to reduce their (wait) time. 【答案】waiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最好有更多的人为学生服务，以减少他们的等待时间。waiting time意为“等待时间”，此处用动名词作定语。故填waiting。 12．（22-23高二上·广东惠州·开学考试） (warn) signs have been put up around the construction site. 【答案】Warning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：施工现场周围已张贴警告标志。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，空处说明被修饰词signs的用途，应用动名词形式warning作定语，warning signs表示“警告标志”，warning置于句首，首字母大写。故填Warning。 13．（24-25高二上·黑龙江大庆·期末） (equip) with modern facilities is necessary for a school to provide a good learning environment. 【答案】Being equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：配备现代化设施对于学校提供一个良好的学习环境是必要的。空处和空后的with modern facilities搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，equip“配备”和a school逻辑上是被动关系，因此应用equip动名词的被动语态，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Being equipped。 14．（24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末）They didn’t anticipate (meet) so much trouble in the process. 【答案】meeting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们没想到在这个过程中遇到这么多麻烦。句中anticipate doing sth为固定短语，意为“预料做某事”，设空处作anticipate的宾语，需用动名词形式。故填meeting。 15．（23-24高二上·黑龙江大庆·期末）Nowadays, (equip) with knowledge of the computer is an important qualification for most posts. 【答案】being equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，具备计算机知识是大多数岗位的一项重要资质。空处和空后的with knowledge of the computer搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，固定短语be equipped with意为“具备……”，且此处介绍的是经常性、习惯性的动作，因此be需用动名词形式。故填being equipped。 二、完成句子 1. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·阶段练习）Rose 正期待着在机构里提升工作能力。 Rose is her working ability in an organisation. 【答案】 looking forward to improving 【详解】考查动词短语和动名词。根据句意，此处表示“期待”为look forward to，与主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时，表示“提升”为improve，位于介词to之后，所以使用动名词形式作宾语。故填①looking②forward③to④improving。 2. （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·期中）要实现梦想，关键是为之腾出时间。 One of the keys to realizing your dream is time for it. 【答案】 setting/putting aside 【详解】考查动名词和固定短语。对比中英文可知设空处意思是腾出，可用固定短语set/put aside，作表语，本句强调一般性的行为，应用动名词，故填setting/putting；aside。 3. （23-24高二上·广东茂名·期末）与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。 people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from and thus gives us more insight into our own culture 【答案】 Cooperating with different angles 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。“与……合作”用短语cooperate with。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。“不同视角”翻译为different angles。根据句意，故填Cooperating with; differentangles。 4. （23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末）Organic farming is simply farming any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and disease through natural means. 有机耕作就是不用任何化学肥料的耕作。有机耕作的农民注重通过自然的方式保持土壤肥沃和免受病害。 【答案】 without using free of 【详解】考查介词短语和非谓语动词。表示“没有”应用介词without；表示“使用”应用use，位于介词后面需用动名词形式作宾语；表示“免受”应用介词短语free of。故填①without using；②free of。 5. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末） a position in a remote rural school is a great honor. 能在偏远的农村学校任职是一种荣幸。 【答案】 Taking up 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处和空后的a position搭配，表示“任职”，可用动词短语take up表示“开始从事，开始担当”，且空处是作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，take应用动名词的形式，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Taking up。 6. （24-25高二上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）我们人类总是被自己情感的力量所驱使。 We humans can’t help by the force of our emotions. 【答案】 being swept along 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据所给中文句子和英文翻译可知，此处需翻译部分是“驱使”，此处是固定搭配sweep sb along，结合句意，此处与主语之间为被动关系，结合cannot help doing意为“情不自禁做某事”可知，此处应为动名词的被动形式。故填①being②swept③along。 7. （22-23高二上·全国·课后作业）船在返航途中曾在好几个港口停靠。 The ship berthed at several ports . 【答案】on the return voyage 【详解】考查介词和名词。根据汉语意思，“在返航途中”可以翻译为on the return voyage。故填on the return voyage。 8. （2023高二·全国·专题练习）At present, there exist some problems in the of teachers. Schools should perfect the means of and improve level. 当前教师评价中存在着一些弊端，学校应针对存在的问题，完善评价方法，提高评价水平。 【答案】 evaluation evaluation evaluating 【详解】考查名词和动名词。根据空1前的介词in和空2前的介词of可知，表示“评价”为名词evaluation，作介词的宾语，根据句意，用作不可数名词；根据空3后的名词level可知，表示“评价”为动名词evaluating，作定语修饰名词。故空1填evaluation；空2填evaluation；空3填evaluating。 9. （22-23高二上·广东广州·阶段练习）他演讲的主题是打破组与组之间的障碍。 The theme of his lecture is barriers between groups. 【答案】 breaking down 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文可知，空处表示“打破”，空后是“barriers between groups”，应用固定短语break down，意为“打破，消除（人与人之间的隔阂）”，且空处作句子的表语，break应用动名词形式breaking。故填breaking和down。 10. （23-24高二上·广东茂名·期末）在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 Elsewhere, people shaking hands, the , or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 【答案】 favour bowing from waist 【详解】考查动词、短语、时态和动名词。表示“更喜欢”应用动词favour，作谓语此处表示客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。表示“弯腰鞠躬”应用动词短语bow from the waist，且与空前的shaking hands与nodding the head为并列关系，作favour的宾语，所以此处应使用动名词形式。故填①favour②bowing③from④waist。 11. （23-24高二上·江苏扬州·期末）我们应该理性地使用人工智能，避免成为它的牺牲品。 We should apply AI in a reasonable way to avoid it. 【答案】 falling victim to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语fall victim to“成为…的牺牲品”。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，所以fall用动名词形式。故填①falling②victim③to。 12. （23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。 Beyond this, you can keep healthy by different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than foods. 【答案】 consuming processed 【详解】考查动名词和形容词。根据中文提示可知，表示“食用”应用consume，为动词，而这里应用动名词形式作介词后宾语；表示“加工食品”应用processed foods，其中processed表“（食品）经过特殊加工的”，为形容词，在本句中作定语，符合句意。故填consuming；processed。 13. （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末）Elsewhere, people , bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. (favour) 在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 【答案】 favour shaking hands 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“更喜欢做某事”用短语favour doing sth.；“握手”用短语shake hands。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是people，谓语动词用动词原形。故填favour shaking hands。 14. （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末） body language is an important component of being a teacher. (react) 对肢体语言做出反应是作为一名教师的重要组成部分。 【答案】 Reacting to 【详解】考查动词词组及动名词作主语。根据中文提示，这里需要填入两个单词的短语表示“对……做出反应”，可以使用react to，符合题意。在句子里充当主语，应该将其转化为动名词的形式，句首字母大写。故答案是①Reacting②to。 15. （24-25高二上·内蒙古·期末）出发前士兵们对他们的装备做了最后一次检查。 The soldiers gave their equipment a final check before . 【答案】setting off 【详解】考查动名词。根据中文提示，空格处需要填一个词组，表示“出发”，可以使用set off。又因为before是介词，后面需要接动名词作宾语，故答案是setting off。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·北京西城·期末） It was a Sunday afternoon in May. Paul Blachut was busy working at a restaurant in scenic Augsburg, Germany. Many tourists came for food at the pretty place beside the river, where the meltwater was cold at this time of year. A mother and her daughter were 1 the cooling water by the riverbank. They were playing with an inflatable tube happily when 2 the girl lost her footing and was caught in the river’s current. It happened so fast that the girl desperately grabbed (抓) on to the tube, which her mother was sitting in, throwing her into the river, too. Blachut heard the sudden shout, “Two women are drowning in the river!” Then he hurried to the 3 , where he spotted them trying to grab anything they could. He was horrified to see that one of them kept sinking. Blachut’s mind 4 , “How can I help them?” 5 having no lifesaving training, he rushed down to the riverbank. Quickly he 6 his T-shirt and jumped into the river. He didn’t care about the cold; all he could think about was saving the women. It was obvious they were 7 . As Blachut got closer to them, he could 8 that the mother seemed to be in the most trouble. She was drowning. He 9 a film in which a lifeguard grabbed a drowning victim’s body, pulling the person ashore while swimming on his back. Blachut tried this, but the woman’s clothing made her so 10 ; he kept being dragged under, too. He needed a new 11 . He quickly dived under the drowning woman, 12 her upward and using that momentum (水势) to take her toward the shore. At that time, an onlooker was able to 13 the woman’s hand, pulling her ashore. Then Blachut jumped into the river again. He swam downstream, got hold of the daughter, and was able to get her out in the same way, too. Several onlookers expressed their 14 for Blachut following the incident. However, Blachut was 15 about his role, “The whole rescue only took several minutes and I am happy to receive your praise.” 1. A．enjoying B．buying C．drinking D．pouring 2. A．slowly B．naturally C．fortunately D．suddenly 3. A．pool B．restaurant C．shore D．tube 4. A．stopped B．raced C．wandered D．worked 5. A．Without B．Despite C．Besides D．For 6. A．put away B．tried on C．took off D．hung up 7. A．helpless B．dangerous C．calm D．busy 8. A．share B．express C．respond D．tell 9. A．mentioned B．recalled C．rent D．shot 10. A．pretty B．soft C．heavy D．strong 11. A．schedule B．task C．message D．plan 12. A．pushing B．flying C．rolling D．pulling 13. A．wave B．clap C．grasp D．shake 14. A．surprise B．admiration C．happiness D．hope 15. A．curious B．careful C．passionate D．modest 【答案】 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在餐厅工作的Paul Blachut不顾自己的安全，跳进冰冷的水中去救一对因意外溺水的母女的事迹。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位母亲和她的女儿正在河岸边享受清凉的水。A. enjoying享受；B. buying买；C. drinking喝；D. pouring倾倒。由下文“They were playing with an inflatable tube happily”可知，身为游客的这对母女在河边享受清凉的水。故选A项。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她们正在愉快地玩游泳圈，突然女孩失足，被河水卷走了。A. slowly缓慢地；B. naturally自然地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. suddenly突然地。由下文“It happened so fast”可知，女孩落入水中，是突然发生的意外。故选D项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他急忙赶到岸边，在那里他发现她们试图抓住任何能抓住的东西。A. pool水塘；B. restaurant餐馆；C. shore岸；D. tube管状物。由“where he spotted them trying to grab anything they could”可知，听到母女二人溺水，Blachut赶到了岸边看情况。故选C项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Blachut的脑子里飞快地想：“我该怎么帮她们？”A. stopped停止；B. raced快速转动；C. wandered漫步；D. worked工作。由上文“He was horrified to see that one of them kept sinking.”和下文“How can I help them?”可知，看到其中一人情况危急，Blachut脑子飞速思考该如何救人。故选B项。 5. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管没有接受过救生训练，他还是冲下了河岸。A. Without没有；B. Despite尽管；C. Besides除……之外；D. For为了。由本处语境可知，前后存在让步关系，用Despite突出Blachut的英勇无畏、不顾自己的安全救人。故选B项。 6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他很快脱下T恤跳进河里。A. put away收起；B. tried on试穿；C. took off脱下；D. hung up悬挂。由常识可知，因为衣服在水中会变得很重，下水一般要脱衣服。故选C项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她们很无助。A. helpless无助的；B. dangerous危险的；C. calm镇定的；D. busy繁忙的。由上文“Two women are drowning in the river!”和“He was horrified to see that one of them kept sinking.”可知，两位女士处于生死关头，此时是感到无助的。故选A项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Blachut离她们越来越近时，他可以看出母亲似乎遇到了最大的麻烦。A. share分享；B. express表达；C. respond回应；D. tell识别、辨别。由“that the mother seemed to be in the most trouble”可知，Blachut下水救人，游得越近，他辨别出母亲身处的麻烦最大。故选D项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起一部电影，在这部电影中，一名救生员抓住一名溺水者的身体，在他仰面游泳时将其拖上岸。A. mentioned提到；B. recalled回忆；C. rent租；D. shot射击。由“a film in which a lifeguard grabbed a drowning victim’s body, pulling the person ashore while swimming on his back”可知，此处指Blachut回忆电影中救溺水者的场景。故选B项。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Blachut试过这个办法，但那女人的衣服使她显得那么重；他也一直被拖下水。A. pretty漂亮的；B. soft柔软的；C. heavy沉重的；D. strong强壮的。由下文“he kept being dragged under, too”可知，Blachut被拖下水是因为溺水者泡了水的衣服变得很重。故选C项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要一个新的计划。A. schedule工作日程；B. task任务；C. message消息；D. plan计划。由下文“He quickly dived under the drowning woman…”可知，Blachut采取电影中救人方法不成，他需要另一个救人计划。故选D项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他迅速潜入溺水女子的身下，将她向上推，并利用水势将她带向岸边。A. pushing推；B. flying飞；C. rolling翻滚；D. pulling拉。由下文“upward”可知，溺水者在下沉，要救溺水者，需要把他们推向水面。故选A项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，一名旁观者抓住了这名女子的手，将她拉上岸。A. wave挥手；B. clap鼓掌；C. grasp抓住；D. shake摇。由上文语境可知，Blachut把那位母亲推向水面，此时一位旁观者前来相助，抓住了溺水母亲的手，把她拉上岸。故选C项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事件发生后，几名旁观者对Blachut救人表示钦佩。A. surprise惊讶；B. admiration钦佩；C. happiness快乐；D. hope希望。由上文语境可知，Blachut没有接受过救生训练，还是不顾安危、英勇无畏救了母女二人，大家对他表示钦佩。故选B项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Blachut对自己起的作用很谦虚：“整个救援只花了几分钟，我很高兴收到你们的赞扬。”A. curious好奇的；B. careful认真的；C. passionate热情的；D. modest谦虚的。由下文“The whole rescue only took several minutes and I am happy to receive your praise”可知，Blachut轻描淡写地描述整个惊险的救人过程，弱化自己起的作用，说明他是一个很谦虚的人。故选D项。 Passage 2 （23-24高二上·河南·期末）Two Michigan boys are being praised as heroes for saving another boy from drowning in a swimming pool. Noah Roche, 12, and his brother Weston Woods, 8, were at an apartment swimming pool when they 1 7-year-old Griffin Emerson. Griffin had been playing in the shallow end of the pool in his water wings (浮水圈) but then decided to 2 them and start to drift (漂流) over toward the pool’s 3 end. “I just wanted to 4 myself. Like, yeah, I can actually swim.” Griffin said. But in surveillance (监视) video 5 by the Genesee County Sheriff’s Office, Griffin can be seen 6 to keep his head above the water. 7 other people around Griffin don’t seem to notice the boy and nearly a full minute passes with Griffin 8 to the bottom. “I saw him at the bottom of the pool. So I told Weston to dive down to see if he’s OK,” Noah said. Weston jumped in and reached down to 9 Griffin to the pool’s surface. The boys’ mother, Sylese Roche, called 911, telling the 10 that Griffin wasn’t breathing and was receiving CPR (心肺复苏). “Griffin’s mom ran over to him and instantly 11 CPR,” Roche said. Eventually, Griffin started to breathe again and his mother can be seen in the surveillance video patting his 12 as he spits out water. “I was 13 that I was going to drown. It felt all strange. I 14 some water and that’s it,” Griffin said afterward. Within 36 hours of the 15 , Griffin made a full recovery and was released. 1. A．investigated B．noticed C．influenced D．treated 2. A．remove B．change C．fix D．seize 3. A．crowded B．deep C．narrow D．small 4. A．express B．introduce C．help D．prove 5. A．made B．rented C．released D．provided 6. A．struggling B．deciding C．choosing D．preferring 7. A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．However D．Moreover 8. A．jumping B．swimming C．sinking D．racing 9. A．spread B．pull C．lead D．follow 10. A．coach B．journalist C．teacher D．operator 11. A．started B．learned C．accepted D．judged 12. A．hand B．leg C．head D．back 13. A．astonished B．scared C．angry D．embarrassed 14. A．used up B．caught up C．coughed up D．heated up 15. A．incident B．challenge C．test D．consultation 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两名密歇根州男孩因在游泳池救出另一名溺水男孩而被誉为英雄。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁的诺亚·罗奇和他8岁的哥哥韦斯顿·伍兹在公寓的游泳池里注意到7岁的格里芬·爱默生。A. investigated调查；B. noticed注意到；C. influenced影响；D. treated治疗。根据后文“7-year-old Griffin Emerson.”可知，此处指在游泳池里注意到7岁的格里芬·爱默生。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格里芬一直用他的水翼在泳池的浅水端玩耍，但后来决定把它们拿掉，开始向泳池的深水端漂去。A. remove拿开；B. change交换；C. fix修理；D. seize抓住。根据后文“them and start to drift over toward the pool’s”可知，他一开始用的水翼在泳池的浅水端玩耍，但后来决定把它们拿掉。故选A。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格里芬一直用他的水翼在泳池的浅水端玩耍，但后来决定把它们拿掉，开始向泳池的深水端漂去。A. crowded拥挤的；B. deep深的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. small小的。根据上文“in the shallow end of the pool”可知，一开始在潜水区，后来想去深水区。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我只是想证明自己。比如，是的，我真的会游泳。”格里芬说。A. express表达；B. introduce介绍；C. help帮助；D. prove证明。根据后文“Like, yeah, I can actually swim.”可知，他这么做是为了证明自己会游泳。故选D。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在杰纳西县警长办公室提供的监控视频中，可以看到格里芬挣扎着把头露出水面。A. made制作；B. rented租给；C. released释放；D. provided提供。根据后文“by the Genesee County Sheriff’s Office”可知，此处指视频是由杰纳西县警长办公室提供的。故选D。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在杰纳西县警长办公室提供的监控视频中，可以看到格里芬挣扎着把头露出水面。A. struggling努力；B. deciding决定；C. choosing选择；D. preferring偏爱。根据后文“I saw him at the bottom of the pool.”可知，格里芬溺水了，所以是在水里挣扎。故选A。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，格里芬周围的其他人似乎并没有注意到这个男孩，几乎整整一分钟的时间格里芬都在下沉。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，格里芬周围的其他人似乎并没有注意到这个男孩，几乎整整一分钟的时间格里芬都在下沉。A. jumping跳跃；B. swimming游泳；C. sinking下沉；D. racing比赛。根据后文“I saw him at the bottom of the pool.(我看见他在池底)”可知，格里芬下沉到了水底。故选C。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：韦斯顿跳了进去，伸手把格里芬拉到水面上。A. spread传播；B. pull拉；C. lead带领；D. follow跟随。根据后文“Griffin to the pool’s surface”可知，此处指韦斯顿伸手把格里芬拉到水面上。故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：男孩的母亲Sylese Roche拨打了911，告诉接线员格里芬已经没有呼吸，正在接受心肺复苏术。A. coach教练；B. journalist记者；C. teacher老师；D. operator接线员。根据上文“called 911, telling the”可知，Sylese Roche拨打了911，告诉接线员Griffin的情况。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“格里芬的妈妈跑到他身边，立即开始了心肺复苏，”罗奇说。A. started开始；B. learned学习；C. accepted接受；D. judged判断。根据后文“Eventually, Griffin started to breathe again”可知，格里芬的妈妈跑到他身边，立即开始了心肺复苏，最后格里芬恢复了呼吸。故选A。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，格里芬又开始呼吸了，监控视频中可以看到他的妈妈在他吐水的时候拍着他的背。A. hand手；B. leg腿；C. head头；D. back后背。根据后文“as he spits out water.”以及常识，溺水了拍后背吐水。故选D。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕我要淹死了。A. astonished惊讶的；B. scared害怕的；C. angry生气的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“that I was going to drown”可知，格里芬害怕自己会淹死。故选B。 14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我咳出了一些水，仅此而已。A. used up用完；B. caught up追赶上；C. coughed up咳出；D. heated up加热。根据后文“he spits out water”以及常识可知，此处指他被救上来咳水。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事故发生后36小时内，格里芬完全康复并出院。A. incident事故；B. challenge挑战；C. test测试；D. consultation咨询。结合上文可知，此处指格里芬在游泳池溺水的事故。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东淄博·期末）It was late October in 1997. Mike Coots was surfing with his friends near his home in Hawaii when he was 1 by a shark. As Mike struggled to swim back, he 2 his lower right leg was gone. 3 , his friends rushed to his aid and drove him to hospital. For the next few weeks, Mike spent time with his family and 4 the future. As soon as Mike was given the OK by his doctors, he did what many of us might consider 5 : he started riding the waves again. In fact, his first time back was near the 6 of the attack. But Mike was unshaken. Instead, he was curious and tried to 7 why he was attacked. His 8 led him to research sharks, and he did learn something that would 9 his life: Humans are far more 10 to sharks than the other way around. About 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins on tables alone. His unique situation as a shark 11 empowered him to give sharks a voice. He 12 with other like-minded shark attack survivors and biologists, to create a nationwide 13 protecting sharks. After the attack, Mike also 14 how much he loved photography, and it has become his 15 . He enjoys using his photos to show sharks are important part of biodiversity. 1. A．searched B．attacked C．guided D．threatened 2. A．guessed B．imagined C．predicted D．realized 3. A．Fortunately B．Obviously C．Undoubtedly D．Surprisingly 4. A．compared B．identified C．considered D．suspected 5. A．unthinkable B．uncomfortable C．unfair D．unhappy 6. A．condition B．environment C．background D．spot 7. A．carry out B．figure out C．point out D．call out 8. A．anxiety B．independence C．curiosity D．confidence 9. A．change B．continue C．challenge D．lose 10. A．puzzling B．important C．terrible D．dangerous 11. A．fighter B．survivor C．hunter D．consumer 12. A．discussed B．exchanged C．partnered D．debated 13. A．motion B．connection C．situation D．argument 14. A．appreciated B．doubted C．decided D．discovered 15. A．reaction B．profession C．observation D．version 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike Coots在夏威夷冲浪时被鲨鱼咬掉右腿，康复后他重新开始冲浪并研究鲨鱼，意识到人类对鲨鱼威胁更大后，他与他人合作发起保护鲨鱼运动，此外他还发现自己对摄影的热爱并将其发展为职业。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mike Coots和朋友在夏威夷的家附近冲浪时被鲨鱼袭击。A. searched搜索；B. attacked攻击；C. guided引导；D. threatened威胁。根据下文“Instead, he was curious and tried to ___7___ why he was attacked.”可知，Mike是被鲨鱼袭击了。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Mike挣扎着游回来时，他意识到他的右小腿不见了。A. guessed猜测；B. imagined想象；C. predicted预测；D. realized意识到。根据上文“As Mike struggled to swim back”和下文“his lower right leg was gone”可推知，在Mike挣扎着游回来的过程中，他意识到自己的右小腿不见了。故选D。 3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他的朋友们赶来帮助他，并开车把他送到了医院。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据下文“his friends rushed to his aid and drove him to hospital”可知，朋友们赶来帮助Mike，开车把他送到了医院，这是件幸运的事。故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，Mike花时间和家人在一起，考虑未来。A. compared比较；B. identified识别；C. considered考虑；D. suspected怀疑。根据下文“As soon as Mike was given the OK by his doctors, he did what many of us might consider ___5___: he started riding the waves again.”可知，之后Mike在医生的批准下，又开始冲浪了，由此可知，他是在这几个星期里，考虑自己的未来。故选C。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得到医生的批准后，Mike做了一件我们许多人可能无法想象的事：他又开始冲浪了。A. unthinkable不可想象的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unfair不公平的；D. unhappy不开心的。根据上文“his lower right leg was gone”和下文“he started riding the waves again”可知，虽然失去了一条腿，但Mike又开始冲浪了，这是我们许多人可能无法想象的事。故选A。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他第一次回归是在袭击地点附近。A. condition状况；B. environment环境；C. background背景；D. spot地点。根据上文“his first time back”可推知，Mike第一次回归冲浪是在被鲨鱼袭击的地点附近。故选D。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，他很好奇，并试图弄清楚他为什么被袭击。A. carry out执行；B. figure out弄清楚；C. point out指出；D. call out大声呼喊。根据上文“he was curious”可知，Mike很好奇，因此是试图弄清楚他为什么被鲨鱼袭击。故选B。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他研究鲨鱼，他确实学到了一些改变他生活的东西：人类对鲨鱼的危险远比鲨鱼对人类的危险大得多。A. anxiety焦虑；B. independence独立；C. curiosity好奇心；D. confidence信心。根据上文“he was curious”可知，Mike研究鲨鱼是受到好奇心的推动。故选C。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他研究鲨鱼，他确实学到了一些改变他生活的东西：人类对鲨鱼的危险远比鲨鱼对人类的危险大得多。A. change改变；B. continue继续；C. challenge挑战；D. lose失去。根据下文“His unique situation as a shark ___11___ empowered him to give sharks a voice. He ___12___ with other like-minded shark attack survivors and biologists, to create a nationwide ___13___ protecting sharks.”可知，Mike为鲨鱼发声，保护鲨鱼，由此可知，他了解到的东西改变了他的生活。故选A。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的好奇心促使他研究鲨鱼，他确实学到了一些改变他生活的东西：人类对鲨鱼的危险远比鲨鱼对人类的危险大得多。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. important重要的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. dangerous危险的。根据下文“About 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins on tables alone.”可知，仅为了餐桌上的鱼翅，每年就有大约7000万条鲨鱼被捕杀，因此人类对鲨鱼而言更危险。故选D。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名鲨鱼幸存者，他的独特处境使他有能力为鲨鱼发声。A. fighter战士；B. survivor幸存者；C. hunter猎人；D. consumer消费者。根据下文“other like-minded shark attack survivors”可知，Mike是一名鲨鱼袭击幸存者。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他与其他志同道合的鲨鱼袭击幸存者和生物学家合作，发起了一项全国性的保护鲨鱼运动。A. discussed讨论；B. exchanged交换；C. partnered合作；D. debated辩论。根据下文“with other like-minded shark attack survivors and biologists, to create a nationwide ___13___ protecting sharks”可推知，Mike是与其他志同道合的鲨鱼袭击幸存者和生物学家合作，一起去保护鲨鱼。故选C。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他与其他志同道合的鲨鱼袭击幸存者和生物学家合作，发起了一项全国性的保护鲨鱼运动。A. motion运动；B. connection联系；C. situation情况；D. argument争论。根据上文“to create a nationwide”和下文“protecting sharks”可推知，他们发起了一项全国性的保护鲨鱼运动。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次袭击之后，Mike也发现自己是多么热爱摄影，摄影已经成为了他的职业。A. appreciated欣赏；B. doubted怀疑；C. decided决定；D. discovered发现。根据下文“He enjoys using his photos to show sharks are important part of biodiversity.”可知，Mike用自己的照片展示鲨鱼对生物多样性的重要意义，因此是发现自己很热爱摄影。故选D。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次袭击之后，Mike也发现自己是多么热爱摄影，摄影已经成为了他的职业。A. reaction反应；B. profession职业；C. observation观察；D. version版本。根据下文“He enjoys using his photos to show sharks are important part of biodiversity.”可知，Mike用自己的照片展示鲨鱼对生物多样性的重要意义，因此是把摄影作为职业。故选B。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As an essential part and 1 largest organ of our body, the skin has many important 2 (function). Therefore, 3 (get) burnt can lead 4 very serious injuries, which need first aid in time. We can get burnt by a 5 (various) of things, like hot liquids, fire or some chemicals. Depending on the depth of skin damage, burns can 6 (divide) into three types: first-degree burns, second-degree burns and third-degree burns. For first-degree burns, first, place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Second, dry the burnt area 7 (gentle) with a clean cloth. Meanwhile, remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Don’t apply oil to the injured areas, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause 8 (infect). It is important 9 (take) the victim 10 is suffering from second or third-degree burns to the hospital right away. 【答案】 1. the 2. functions 3. getting 4. to 5. variety 6. be divided 7. gently 8. infection 9. to take 10. who/that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍皮肤的功能及烧伤的分类与急救处理。 1. 考查冠词。句意：作为我们身体的重要部分和最大的器官，皮肤有许多重要的功能。形容词最高级前应使用定冠词the。故填the。 2. 考查名词复数。句意：作为我们身体的重要部分和最大的器官，皮肤有许多重要的功能。该空需要名词作宾语，function意为“功能”为可数名词，空前有many修饰，应使用复数形式。故填functions。 3. 考查动名词。句意：因此，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害，需要及时急救。此处为非谓语动词作主语，表示经常性动作，应使用动名词形式getting作主语。故填getting。 4. 考查介词。句意：因此，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害，需要及时急救。此处为固定短语lead to意为“导致”符合句意，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。 5. 考查名词。句意：我们会被各种各样的东西烫伤，比如热液体、火或一些化学物质。空前为不定冠词a，空后为介词of，所以此处为名词形式，various的名词为variety意为“种类”，a variety of意为“各种各样的”符合句意。 故填variety。 6. 考查动词语态。句意：根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤可分为三种类型：一级烧伤、二级烧伤和三级烧伤。主语burns与divide之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态，由空前的can可知，此处为含有情态动词的被动语态，情态动词后为动词原形。故填be divided。 7. 考查副词。句意：其次，用一块干净的布轻轻擦干烧伤部位。设空处需要副词修饰动词dry，所给词gentle为形容词，其副词为gently意为“轻轻地”符合句意。故填gently。 8. 考查名词。句意：不要把油涂在受伤的地方，因为油会让伤口保持热量，可能会引起感染。此处为名词作宾语，infect的名词为infection意为“感染”，且为不可数名词。故填infection。 9. 考查动词不定式。句意：重要的是要把遭受二级或三级烧伤的伤者立即送往医院。此空所在的句子为固定句型“It+be+adj.+ to do sth.”，其中it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语，所以该空应使用动词不定式形式。故填to take。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：重要的是要把遭受二级或三级烧伤的伤者立即送往医院。设空处需要关系词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词victim，意为“受害者”指人，先行词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。 Passage 2 （20-21高二上·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Disaster struck in the town of Redbrooke late last night when the Palmer Court apartment block that was built recently 1 (catch) fire and was completely destroyed. It was just after 2:00 am when many of the residents in the building were woken by 2 strange smell of smoke. The firemen arrived with no delay to help to withdraw the residents from the building and deal with the fire. The fire spread rapidly through the building and the rescue 3 (operate) had to be carried out quickly 4 (save) the forty-three residents inside. Twenty-nine people were taken to Redbrooke General Hospital, suffering from smoke inhalation (吸入) and slight 5 (burn), but it is expected that they will be discharged later today. The 6 (remain) fourteen people were withdrawn with no injuries from the building. The firemen battled with the fire until 7 o'clock this morning but 7 (be) unable to save the building. The residents will be provided with accommodation 8 (temporary). An investigation is being carried out to determine the cause of the fire. At present, 9 is suspected that the fire happened because the electrical wiring system failed to function normally, 10 would explain why so many flats were affected at the same time. 【答案】 1. caught 2. a 3. operation 4. to save 5. burns 6. remaining 7. were 8. temporarily 9. it 10. which 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一所公寓起火的事故，对事故的救援工作和对事故原因的调查。 1. 考查时态。根据句中“late last night”可知，句子讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，catch fire意为“着火”，catch在句中作谓语动词，过去式为caught。故填caught。 2. 考查冠词。句意：凌晨两点多，大楼里的许多居民都被一股奇怪的烟味熏醒了。句中smell意为“气味”，为可数名词，空格处泛指“一种”奇怪的烟味，故应用不定冠词修饰，strange单词音标第一个音素为辅音音素，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 3. 考查名词。句意：火势在大楼里迅速蔓延，救援行动不得不迅速展开，以拯救里面的43名居民。空格处作句子主语，故应用名词，operate意为“操作”，动词词性，对应的名词为operation，意为“行动”，句中指“救援行动”。故填operation。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：火势在大楼里迅速蔓延，救援行动不得不迅速展开，以拯救里面的43名居民。空格所在句有谓语动词had to be carried out且句中无连词，故应用save的非谓语动词形式，拯救居民的生命是展开救援行动的目的，故应用不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形。故填to save。 5. 考查名词。分析句子，slight意为“轻微的”，形容词词性，后接名词，作suffering from的宾语，burn意为“烧伤”，为可数名词，句中受伤的人很多，不止一处烧伤，故应用burn的复数形式burns。故填burns。 6. 考查形容词。句意：其余14人撤离时没有受伤。分析句子，people意为“人，人们”，名词词性，前应用形容词修饰，remain意为“剩余”，动词词性，对应的形容词为remaining，意为“剩下的，剩余的”，句中指“剩余的人”。故填remaining。 7. 考查时态。句意：消防队员与大火搏斗到今天早上七点，但未能拯救大楼。分析句子，句子讲述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，空格处涉及短语“be unable to do”，意为“不能够做某事”，but后省略了主语The firemen，为可数名词复数形式，故be动词用were。故填were。 8. 考查副词。句意：临时为居民提供了住宿。分析句子，provided意为“提供”，动词词性，应用副词修饰，temporary意为“临时的”，形容词词性，对应的副词形式为temporarily，意为“临时地”，句中表示“临时提供”。故填temporarily。 9. 考查it作形式主语。句意：目前，怀疑火灾发生是因为电线系统不能正常工作，这将解释为什么如此多的房间同时受到影响。分析句子，句中涉及固定句型“it is suspected that…”，意为“怀疑……”，空格处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。故填it。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：目前，怀疑火灾发生是因为电线系统不能正常工作，这将解释为什么如此多的房间同时受到影响。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·湖南岳阳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is Chinese acupuncture, which dates back to the Stone Age. Stone tools were used to press areas of the body, 1 (replace) by stone needles later. 2 (original), there were nine different kinds of needles, with variations in shape. During a visit to the acupuncture clinic, the acupuncturist first examines the patient, then followed by asking some questions about the patient’s condition and 3 (feel) his or her pulse. All checkups are made 4 (select) certain points on the body called acupuncture points. Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so 5 a health problem can be treated. Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat 6 wide variety of health problems, more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and 7 (anxious) too. Acupuncture has also been applied to treat people who abuse alcohol, 8 (drug) or tobacco.     Today, acupuncture is recognized 9 a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and 10 (come) into widespread use around the world already. 【答案】 1. replaced 2. Originally 3. feeling 4. to select 5. that 6. a 7. anxiety 8. drugs 9. as 10. has come 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名的针灸疗法。 1. 考查过去分词。句意：石器被用来按压身体部位，后来被石针取代。根据句中谓语动词“were used”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；replace动词，表示“取代”，与“Stone tools”之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填replaced。 2. 考查副词。句意：起初，有九种不同的针，形状各异。分析句子可知，空处应为副词作状语修饰后面的句子，表示“起初，原来”，originally符合句意；句首字母大写。故填Originally。 3. 考查动名词。句意：在参观针灸诊所时，针灸师首先检查病人，然后接着问一些关于病人情况的问题，摸摸他或她的脉搏。此处用作介词by的宾语，空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填feeling。 4. 考查动词不定式。句意：所有的检查都是为了在身体上选择一些被称为穴位的点。根据句中谓语“are made”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作目的状语，表示“为了选择”，故应用动词不定式。故填to select。 5. 考查形容词。句意：针在这些点被推入皮肤，这样健康问题就可以得到治疗。分析句子可知，设空处缺少that，构成复合连词so that，用于引导目的状语从句，故填that。 6. 考查冠词。句意：多年来，针灸一直被用来治疗各种各样的健康问题，不仅仅是身体问题。固定短语a variety of表示“各种各样的”。故填a。 7. 考查名词。句意：针灸师发现这种疗法有助于治疗抑郁症和焦虑症之类的等精神问题。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，和“depression”并列作宾语；anxiety表示“焦虑、焦虑症”，为不可数名词。故填anxiety。 8. 考查名词复数。句意：针灸也被用于治疗酗酒、滥用药物和烟草的人。分析句子可知，空处应用名词，与“alcohol”、“tobacco”并列作宾语；drug意为“药物、毒品”，为可数名词，故应用复数形式。故填drugs。 9. 考查介词。句意：今天，针灸被视为中国传统文化的象征，已经在世界范围内广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处应缺少介词as构成动词短语be recognized as表示“被视为”，故填as。 10. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：今天，针灸被视为中国传统文化的象征，已经在世界范围内广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处应与“is recognized”并列作谓语；结合副词“already”和句意可知，应用现在完成时，主语是acupuncture，与come into use为主动关系，谓语动词为单数形式。故填has come。 ( 乐思英语 ) 3 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$