Unit 6 Plan for yourself Section B ( 2a-2c ) 知识点讲练 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 6 Plan for yourself Section B ( 2a-2c ) 知识点精讲精练 重点词汇解析 1.This person helps to put out fires.这个人帮助扑灭火灾。 put out 的词义及用法 扑灭；熄灭；伸出 The firefighters put out the big fire.（消防员扑灭了大火。）； He put out his hand to shake mine.（他伸出手和我握手。） 表示 “扑灭（火）、熄灭（灯等）” 时，宾语通常是 fire, light 等。 Please put out the candles before leaving.（离开前请熄灭蜡烛。） 拓展 近义词组：put off（推迟）、put on（穿上） 例句：Don't put off the meeting.（别推迟会议。） 即学即练： 1. The students helped to _______ _______ the small fire. 2. Please _______ _______ the light when you go to bed. 3. He _______ _______ his foot and tripped me. 4. The rain helped to _______ _______ the forest fire. 2.This person acts in a play or a film.这个人在戏剧或电影中表演。 act的词义及用法 v. 行动；做事： We must act now to help them.（我们必须现在行动起来帮助他们。） v. 表演；扮演： She acts a doctor in the play.（她在剧中扮演一名医生。） n. 行为；举动： It was a brave act to save the child.（救那个孩子是勇敢的举动。） acting：n. 表演；v. 现在分词 例句：Her acting is very natural.（她的表演很自然。） actor：n. 男演员；actress：n. 女演员 例句：The actor won an award.（这位男演员获奖了。） 搭配与短语 搭配：act as（担任；充当）： He acts as our leader.（他担任我们的领导。）； act out（表演出来）： The kids acted out the story.（孩子们把故事表演了出来。） 即学即练： 1. They _______ quickly to stop the accident. 2. The _______ played the hero in the film. 3. Her kind _______ made everyone smile. 4. She _______ in a play when she was 10. 5. He _______ as a guide for the visitors. 3.This person gives advice to people about the law. 这个人给人们提供法律方面的建议。 advice的词义及用法 词义：n. 建议；劝告（不可数名词） 例句：Can you give me some advice?（你能给我一些建议吗？）； His advice helped me a lot.（他的建议帮了我很多。） 搭配与短语 give advice（提建议）；take/follow advice（接受建议） She gave me good advice on studying.（她给了我学习上的好建议。） a piece of advice（一条建议）： He gave me a piece of advice.（他给了我一条建议。） 拓展 动词形式：advise（建议）， 常用搭配 advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事） 例句：He advised me to read more books.（他建议我多读书。） 即学即练： 1. Can you give me some _______ on how to learn English? 2. I followed his _______ and passed the exam. 3. She gave me two _______ _______ _______. 4. His _______ was very useful. 5. The teacher _______ us to be careful. 4.I still remember how disappointed I was when I failed my maths exam for the first time.我仍然记得当我第一次数学考试不及格时我有多失望。 disappointed的词义及用法 adj. 失望的；沮丧的（常用来描述人的感受） 例句：I was disappointed when I heard the bad news. （听到这个坏消息时，我很失望。） disappoint：v. 使失望 例句：The result disappointed me.（这个结果让我失望。） disappointing：adj. 令人失望的（常用来描述事物） 例句：It was a disappointing movie.（这是一部令人失望的电影。） disappointment：n. 失望 例句：To my disappointment, he didn't come.（令我失望的是，他没来。） 搭配 搭配：be disappointed at/about（对…… 失望）： She was disappointed at the result.（她对结果很失望。）； be disappointed to do sth.（做某事很失望）： I was disappointed to miss the party.（没参加成派对，我很失望。） 即学即练： 1. He was _______ when he failed the exam. 2. The _______ news made her cry. 3. Her _______ made us sad. 4. I was _______ to hear that he couldn't come. 5. The bad weather _______ all of us. for the first time的词义及用法 第一次（强调动作发生的次数，在句中作状语） 例句：I saw the sea for the first time last summer. （去年夏天我第一次看到大海。） 位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，强调 “首次” 的经历。 For the first time, he felt truly happy.（他第一次感到真正的快乐。） 拓展 区别于 the first time（第一次…… 时，引导时间状语从句） The first time I saw her, she was smiling.（我第一次见到她时，她在笑。） 即学即练： 1. I tried sushi _______ _______ _______ _______ yesterday. 2. _______ _______ _______ _______, he won a prize. 3. She met him _______ _______ _______ _______ at a party. 4. They visited Beijing _______ _______ _______ _______ last year. 5. _______ _______ _______ _______, I understood what he meant. 5.Mr Guo found me crying in the classroom after school. 郭老师发现我放学后在教室里哭。 find sb doing：发现某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） 例句：I found her reading in the library.（我发现她正在图书馆看书。） 结构：find + 宾语（sb.）+ 现在分词（doing），现在分词作宾语补足语。 例句：He found the kids playing football.（他发现孩子们正在踢足球。） 拓展 see sb. doing（看见某人正在做）、hear sb. doing（听见某人正在做） 例句：I heard her singing in the room.（我听见她正在房间里唱歌。） 即学即练： 1. I _______ him _______ TV when I came in. (find; watch) 2. She _______ the cat _______ with a ball. (find; play) 3. They _______ the teacher _______ a story. (find; tell) 4. We _______ the girls _______ songs. (find; sing) 5. He _______ his brother _______ homework. (find; do) 6.After that, Mr Guo often spared some time to help me. 从那以后，郭老师经常抽出一些时间来帮助我。 spare的词义及用法 v. 抽出（时间、金钱等）；饶恕： Can you spare me a few minutes?（你能抽出几分钟给我吗？）； He spared the little bird.（他放过了那只小鸟。） adj. 空闲的；多余的： I have some spare time this afternoon.（我今天下午有些空闲时间。）；Do you have a spare pen?（你有多余的钢笔吗？） 搭配与短语 spare time（空闲时间）；spare money（闲钱） 例句：He likes reading in his spare time.（他喜欢在空闲时间看书。） spare no effort（不遗余力）： We'll spare no effort to help you.（我们会不遗余力地帮助你。） 即学即练： 1. Can you _______ me some paper? 2. I have no _______ time to play games. 3. He _______ no effort to study hard. 4. Do you have a _______ key to the door? 5. She _______ me 10 yuan to buy a book. 7.Whenever I found something I didn’t understand, he was always happy to explain it.每当我有不明白的地方，他总是很乐意解释。 be + adj + to do sth 的词义及用法 表示 “做某事是…… 的”，其中形容词描述做某事时的性质或感受。 It is easy to learn English.（学英语很容易。） She is happy to help others.（她很高兴帮助别人。） 常见形容词：easy（容易的）、difficult（困难的）、happy（高兴的）、sad（难过的）、important（重要的）等。 句子主语可以是物（用 it 作形式主语），也可以是人。 It is important to exercise.（锻炼很重要。）； He is ready to start.（他准备好开始了。） 即学即练： 1. It is _______ to finish the work in an hour. (difficult) 2. She is _______ to see her old friend. (glad) 3. It is _______ to follow the rules. (necessary) 4. They are _______ to join the club. (excited) 5. It is _______ to make mistakes. (normal) 8.With his help, my maths skills started to improve. 在他的帮助下，我的数学技能开始提高。 help的词义及用法 v. 帮助；协助：She helps me with my homework.（她帮我辅导作业。） n. 帮助；援助：Can you give me a help?（你能帮我一下吗？） helpful：adj. 有帮助的 The book is very helpful for students.（这本书对学生很有帮助。） 搭配与短语 help sb. with sth.（在某事上帮助某人）； help sb. (to) do sth.（帮助某人做某事） I often help my sister with her English.（我经常帮妹妹学英语。） can't help doing sth.（忍不住做某事）： She can't help laughing.（她忍不住笑了。） 即学即练： 1. He _______ me carry the heavy box. 2. Your _______ is important to me. 3. The teacher is very _______ to her students. 4. She _______ her brother with his math last night. 5. We should _______ each other. (help) improve的词义及用法 v. 提高；改善 例句：He wants to improve his English.（他想提高自己的英语水平。）；Exercise can improve your health.（锻炼能改善你的健康。） 例句：Her writing has improved a lot.（她的写作进步了很多。） improvement：n. 提高；改善 There is a big improvement in his work.（他的工作有了很大改进。） 搭配 improve skills（提高技能）；improve living conditions（改善生活条件） She practices every day to improve her singing skills. （她每天练习以提高歌唱技能。） 即学即练： 1. We need to _______ our study habits. 2. His _______ in math surprised the teacher. 3. She _______ her pronunciation by listening to tapes. 4. You can _______ your health by exercising. (improve) 9.Now keep on practising and be confident in your abilities. 现在继续练习，对自己的能力充满信心。 keep on的词义及用法 继续；坚持（后接动名词） He keeps on working even when he is tired.（即使累了，他也坚持工作。） 后接 doing sth.，表示不间断地继续做某事。 She keeps on practicing the piano every day.（她每天坚持练习钢琴。） 拓展 近义词组：go on doing sth.（继续做某事） They went on talking after the teacher left. （老师离开后，他们继续聊天。） 即学即练： 1. He _______ _______ studying despite the noise. 2. She _______ _______ singing even if no one listens. 3. They _______ _______ working until late at night. 4. We should _______ _______ trying. 5. He _______ _______ running every morning. confident的词义及用法 adj. 自信的；有信心的 例句：She is confident of winning the game.（她有信心赢得比赛。） confidently：adv. 自信地 He spoke confidently in front of the class.（他在全班面前自信地发言。） confidence：n. 信心 例句：She has confidence in herself.（她对自己有信心。） 搭配 搭配：be confident of（对…… 有信心）； be confident to do sth.（有信心做某事） 例句：I am confident to pass the exam.（我有信心通过考试。） 即学即练： 1. She is _______ about her future. 2. He answered the questions _______. 3. Her _______ comes from hard work. 4. They are _______ of winning the match. 5. The boy spoke _______ in the competition. 10. Later, I found out I got an A in maths! 后来，我发现我数学得了A ！ later的词义及用法 adv. 后来；稍后：I will see you later.（我稍后见你。） adj. 以后的；后来的： In later years, he became a doctor.（晚年时，他成了一名医生。） 搭配与短语 later on（后来；过些时候）： We can discuss it later on.（我们过些时候再讨论。）； sooner or later（迟早）： He will know the truth sooner or later.（他迟早会知道真相。） 拓展 区别于 late（adj. 迟的；adv. 迟到）： He was late for school.（他上学迟到了。） 即学即练： 1. I will go to the park _______. 2. _______ _______, we became good friends. 3. He came back _______ than usual. 4. _______ or _______, you will understand. 5. In _______ years, the city changed a lot. find out 的词义及用法 查明；弄清楚（指通过努力、调查等得知某事） 例句：I need to find out the truth.（我需要查明真相。） 后接名词、代词或宾语从句，强调经过一定过程才得知结果。 She found out where he lived.（她查明了他住在哪里。） 拓展 区别于 find（找到；发现，强调结果）和 look for（寻找，强调过程）： 例句：I found my pen under the desk. （我在桌子底下找到了我的钢笔。）； He is looking for his keys.（他在找他的钥匙。） 即学即练： 1. Can you _______ _______ who broke the window? (find out) 2. She _______ _______ the answer to the question. 3. We need to _______ _______ the time of the meeting. (find out) 4. He _______ _______ that his friend was leaving. They want to _______ _______ the secret. 11.I was so excited about achieving my goal. 我对实现我的目标感到非常兴奋。 excited 的词义及用法 adj. 兴奋的；激动的（常用来描述人的感受） The children were excited about the trip.（孩子们对这次旅行很兴奋。） excite：v. 使兴奋；使激动 例句：The good news excited us.（这个好消息让我们很兴奋。） exciting：adj. 令人兴奋的（常用来描述事物） It was an exciting game.（这是一场令人兴奋的比赛。） 搭配 be excited about（对…… 感到兴奋）； be excited to do sth.（做某事很兴奋） He is excited to meet his favorite star. （他很兴奋能见到自己最喜欢的明星。） 即学即练： 1. She was _______ when she heard the news. 2. The _______ movie made us cheer. 3. The news _______ all of us. 4. They are _______ about the coming party. 5. It was an _______ trip to the mountains. achieve的词义及用法 v. 实现；达到；取得 例句：She achieved her dream of becoming a teacher. （她实现了成为一名教师的梦想。） achievement：n. 成就；成绩 例句：His achievements are known to everyone.（他的成就众所周知。） 搭配 achieve a goal（实现目标）；achieve success（取得成功） Hard work helps us achieve our dreams.（努力工作帮助我们实现梦想。） 即学即练： 1. He wants to _______ great things in life. 2. Her _______ made her parents proud. 3. They _______ their goal after years of hard work. 4. We can _______ anything with effort. 5. His main _______ is winning the competition. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$