Unit 2 Bridging cultures 名词性从句学案 2025-2026学年 高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

( 单元核心语法·精练 ) 选必二 Unit 2 Bridging cultures （名词性从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、名词性从句的类型及引导词用法 用法介绍 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，不同类型从句需搭配特定引导词，引导词的选择取决于从句是否缺成分及语义需求。 从句类型 常见引导词 核心功能 示例 主语从句 that（无义，不缺成分）；what（表 “什么”，缺主 / 宾语）；whether（表 “是否”） 作句子主语，常后置用 it 作形式主语 That she passed the exam made us happy.（that 引导，无义）；What he needs is a book.（what 作 needs 的宾语） 宾语从句 that（可省）；if/whether（表 “是否”）；what/who（缺成分） 作动词或介词的宾语 He said (that) he would come.（that 可省）；I wonder if she will help.（if 表 “是否”） 表语从句 that（不可省）；what（缺成分）；whether（表 “是否”） 位于 be 动词后，说明主语内容 My hope is that we can travel together.（that 不可省）；This is what I want.（what 作 want 的宾语） 同位语从句 that（不可省）；whether（表 “是否”） 解释说明前面的名词（如 news, fact） The news that he won is true.（解释 news 的内容） 注意事项： 1. 引导词的成分属性：that 在所有名词性从句中均不充当成分，what/who/which 等需在从句中作主语、宾语等（如错误：I don’t know that he said. 正确：I don’t know what he said. 此处从句缺宾语，用 what）。 2. 主语从句的语序：主语从句需用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序（如错误：When will he come is unknown. 正确：When he will come is unknown.）。 二、it 作形式主语 / 宾语与名词性从句的搭配 用法介绍 当名词性从句（尤其是主语从句、宾语从句）较长时，常用 it 作形式主语或形式宾语，将真正从句后置，避免句子头重脚轻，使结构更平衡。 功能类型 核心结构 适用从句 示例 形式主语 It + be + 形容词 / 名词 / 过去分词 + 主语从句 主语从句 It is important that we study hard.（it 代替 that 从句作形式主语）；It is a fact that the earth is round. 形式主语 It + 不及物动词（happen, seem） + 主语从句 主语从句 It happened that I met her yesterday.（碰巧我昨天遇见了她） 形式宾语 动词 + it + 宾语补足语 + 宾语从句 宾语从句 I find it necessary that we practice more.（it 代替 that 从句作形式宾语，necessary 为宾补） 形式宾语 动词 + it + that 从句（无宾补） 宾语从句 He made it clear that he would not quit.（it 代替 that 从句，clear 为宾补） 注意事项： 1. it 的唯一性：形式主语 / 宾语只能用 it，不可用 this/that 等其他代词（如错误：I think that easy to learn. 正确：I think it easy to learn.）。 2. 真正从句的位置：形式主语后，真正主语从句必须后置；形式宾语后，真正宾语从句也需后置（如错误：It is strange what he didn’t come. 正确：It is strange that he didn’t come.）。 3. 与非从句结构的区分：it 作形式成分时，真正内容可为从句或不定式，需根据引导词判断（如 “It is easy to read.” 中 it 代替不定式，而非从句）。 三、that 与 what、if 与 whether 的用法区别 用法介绍 that 与 what、if 与 whether 均为名词性从句的引导词，但在功能、适用场景上差异明显，需结合从句是否缺成分及语义选择。 对比组 引导词差异 示例 that vs what that 无实义，不充当成分；what 有实义（“什么”），在从句中作主语、宾语等 That he came late surprised us.（that 无义，不充当成分） What he said is true.（what 作 said 的宾语，表 “他说的话”） if vs whether if 表 “是否”，不可用于句首、与 or not 连用等；whether 表 “是否”，适用所有场景 错误：If he will come is unknown. 正确：Whether he will come is unknown.（句首需用 whether） He asked whether I would go or not.（与 or not 连用需用 whether） 注意事项 1. that 的省略限制：宾语从句中 that 可省略，主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中 that 不可省略（如错误：He said he was busy. 可省略 that；错误：Is true he was busy. 主语从句中 that 不可省，应为 That he was busy is true.）。 2. what 的指代范围：what 可指代 “事物”，不可指代 “人”，指代人需用 who（如错误：What won the prize is a student. 正确：Who won the prize is a student.）。 一、单句语法填空题：在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．（23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末） is important to me now is that I study hard to get admitted to a good university. 【答案】What 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：现在对我来说重要的是我努力学习考上一所好大学。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中做主语，再结合句意可知，应用连接代词 what 引导该从句。故填 What。 2．（23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末）The problem is will lead the research team. 【答案】who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁来领导这个研究小组。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指人，需用连接代词who引导。故填who。 3．（24-25高二上·福建漳州·期末） I want to emphasize is that you should make it a rule to speak Mandarin. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我想要强调的是你应该养成说普通话的习惯。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“所……的事情”，应用what，句首单词首字母大写，故填What。 4．（24-25高二上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期末）Recently many people have no idea of buying a house. I think the reason may be the house price is too high. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最近很多人不打算买房。我想原因可能是房价太高。空格处到句末为完整的分句，且在be动词后面，因此空格处应填入引导表语从句的引导词that，that只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。在正式用语或书面语中，不应省略。故填that。 5．（24-25高二上·山东济宁·期末）Students’ overall development is the key to better education lies. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：学生的全面发展是提高教育质量的关键所在。引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where。故填where。 6．（24-25高二上·福建福州·期末）There is no escape from the long arm of the law. breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查连接大词。句意：法律的长臂无处不在。任何违法的人迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。空处引导主语从句，表示 “无论谁”，用whoever引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填Whoever。 7．（24-25高二上·福建福州·期末）A philosopher knows that in reality he knows very little. That is he constantly tries to achieve true insight. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一位哲学家知道在现实中他知之甚少。这就是他不断努力获得真正洞察力的原因。空处用why引导一个表语从句，解释前面提到的“That is”的原因。故填why。 8．（24-25高二上·江西南昌·期末）The rumor the company was going to lay off a significant number of employees spread quickly through the office. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：公司要大量裁员的谣言很快在办公室里传开了。空格处引导的是同位语从句，说明rumor的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 9．（24-25高二上·江西南昌·期末）The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：优秀领导的本质在于你如何激励和鼓舞团队实现他们的目标。空处引导表语从句，表示如何激励和鼓舞团队，在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how引导从句。故填how。 10．（24-25高二上·北京·期中） you really lack is self-confidence. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：你真正缺乏的是自信。空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，使用连接代词what引导，首字母应大写，故填What。 11．（24-25高二上·上海·期末） matters most in learning English is practising(用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：学习英语中最重要的是练习。分析句子结构可知，这里考查主语从句，从句缺主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导，且句首时首字母应大写。故填What。 12．（24-25高二上·上海·期末）That was we did this morning. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：那就是我们今天早上做的事。分析句子结构可知，这里考查表语从句，从句缺宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 13．（24-25高二上·江苏淮安·期末） life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：其他星球上是否存在生命还有待证实。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，结合下文“is yet to be proved”可知，应为从属连词whether表示“是否”，满足句意要求。位于句首，故填Whether。 14．（24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）The children got down to (prepare) popcorn the instant they got they needed. 【答案】 preparing what 【详解】考查非谓语动词以及宾语从句。句意：孩子们一得到所需的东西就开始准备爆米花。get down to“开始认真做某事”，为固定短语，其中to为介词，所以第一个空处需要动名词作宾语。第二个空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用what引导该从句。故填①preparing②what。 15．（24-25高二上·上海·期末）What he really means is he disagrees with us. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他真正的意思是他不同意我们的观点。分析句子结构可知，这里考查表语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 二、完成句子 1. （23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末）Yuan the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁隆平坚信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。 【答案】was convinced that 【详解】考查宾语从句和动词时态。表示“坚信”应用be convinced that...，that引导宾语从句，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语为Yuan，be动词用was。故填was convinced that。 2. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）It is still in doubt the plan will be carried out . 该计划是否会实施还不确定。 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句中it是形式主语，空格处引导主语从句，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 3. （22-23高二上·广东广州·期末） people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. 袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 【答案】 What impressed 【详解】考查主语从句，时态。根据句意可知，空2“给……留下印象”为动词impress，照应主句动词时态，也应为一般过去时。分析句子成分可知，空1应为what引导的主语从句，且在从句中充当动词impressed的主语。故填What impressed。 4. （23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was she found herself up in class after just a few weeks. 刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。 【答案】 that speaking 【详解】考查表语从句和非谓语动词。第一空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导。第二空表示“发言”短语为speak up，与herself构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填①that；②speaking。 5. （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末）Yuan the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. (convince) 袁隆平坚信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。 【答案】 is/was convinced that 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“坚信”，应用固定句型be convinced that，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；也可以表示陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语为Yuan，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填①is/was；②convinced；③that。 6. （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末）Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distinct expression on their faces. It is they are asleep with their eyes open. 他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。 【答案】as though 【详解】考查连词。“they are asleep with their eyes open”是表语从句，结合汉语意思“好像”可知，可用从属连词as though引导表语从句。故填as though。 7. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 people most about Yuan Longping his ability to fulfill his dream. 【答案】 What impresses is 【详解】考查时态，主语从句和主谓一致。句子表示的是一般事实，主从句都用一般现在时，“袁隆平给人们印象最深的”作主语，为主语从句，“给……印象深刻”为impress sb.，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用what来引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，看成第三人称单数，动词impress应用三单形式；整个句子是主系表结构，主语从句是主语，第二空是系动词，his ability to fulfill his dream是表语，主语从句作主语时，看成第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。句首单词首字母大写。故填①What impresses②is。 8. （22-23高二上·广东广州·期末）最让我们印象深刻的是，全红婵小小年纪就赢得了奥运金牌。 about Quan Hongchan is   an Olympic gold medal at such a young age. 【答案】 What impresses us most that she won 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。第一空根据句意，“最让我们印象深刻”是what impresses us most，what引导主语从句，因指的是现在的事情，故用一般现在时，单词what在句首，首字母大写；第二空“她赢得了”应是she won，因事情已发生，故用一般过去时，be动词后接表语从句，从句结构和意思完整，用连接词that引导从句。故填What impresses us most；that she won。 9. （23-24高二上·吉林长春·期末）我会尽我所能去实现我的梦想。 I will do I to achieve my dream. 【答案】 whatever can 【详解】考查宾语从句。分析句子和句意可知，“do”后应跟宾语从句，表示“尽我所能”，即“无论我能做什么”，可译为whatever I can。故填①whatever；②can。 10. （23-24高二上·吉林长春·期末）让这个孩子最担心的是，他没有被允许去看望在医院里的妈妈。 the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 【答案】 What worried/concerned 【详解】考查主语从句引导词和动词。“让……担心”使用动词worry/concern，第一空引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，结合句中的“was”可知，描述过去发生的事，此处应用一般过去时，故填①What②worried/concerned。 11. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）只需切下一块够晚餐用的肉，把剩下的再放回去。 Just enough meat for your dinner, and put the rest back. 【答案】 slice off 【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的Just可知本句为祈使句，以动词原形开头。根据汉语提示，表示“切下”含义的动词短语为：slice off，故填slice；off。 12. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）能否实现目标取决于努力而不是运气。 depends on . 【答案】 Whether one can achieve goals effort rather than luck 【详解】考查名词，动词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“能”应用情态动词can；表示“能否”应用连词whether；表示“实现目标”应用动词短语achieve goals；表示“努力”应用名词effort；表示“而不是”应用介词短语rather than；表示“运气”应用名词luck；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话指代的是任何一个人的情况，主语普遍到one，whether引导主语从句。故填①Whether one can achieve goals；②effort rather than luck。 13. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）这家餐厅的亮点在于它有一个宽敞舒适的用餐区。 this canteen is it has a spacious and comfortable dining area. 【答案】 What highlights that 【详解】考查主语从句、动词和表语从句。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写；第二空表示“使……成为亮点，突出”用及物动词highlight，作谓语，结合后文is可知为一般现在时，主语为what，谓语用三单形式；第三空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that连接。故填①What；②highlights；③that。 14. （24-25高二上·广东汕头·期末）他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。（what引导主语从句） was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 【答案】What concerned/worried him most 【详解】考查主语从句和动词。根据句意以及提示的内容，表示“他最担忧的是”可理解为“使他最担忧的是”为what引导主语从句，在从句中what作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，结合主句的谓语动词was可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，从句使用一般过去时，“使担忧”为动词concern/worry，宾语“他”使用宾格代词him；表示最高级用most，所以，表示“使他最担忧的”为concerned/worried him most。故填What concerned/worried him most。 15. （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末）So, how can I really know each student ? 那么，我是如何搞清楚每个学生为何会这样的呢? 【答案】 what makes tick 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。分析英文题干可知，how can I really know是句子主干，是特殊疑问句，第一空和其后内容构成宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序；又根据汉语提示，make sb. tick是固定搭配，意为“使某人这样做的原因”，将这个短语的make作为从句中的谓语动词，前面缺少主语，可用what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，意为“什么或……的事情”；再根据语境，此处“要搞清楚的是什么使得学生们这样做”是客观事实，故用一般现在时，从句主语是what，谓语用单数形式。故填what makes; tick。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期末）When I was 19 years old, I made my first visit to China as an exchange student. It wasn’t the first time I had been abroad. Prior to coming to China, I assumed that I would be able to 1 with English. It didn’t take long for me to realize how silly I was. Chinese characters are totally foreign and 2 . I quickly got sick of not being able to understand anything, so I decided to 3 for the Chinese class my university offered. I had Chinese every weekday, after which I spent at least an hour 4 the lesson. In the evening, my friends and I quizzed each other on the 5 we had to memorize. More importantly, I made a conscious 6   to communicate in Chinese in stores and restaurants. I was 7 when I was able to maintain a simple conversation with the locals. When I 8 achieved A’s on my Chinese exams, I thought it was time to take a break from studying for Chinese every day and focus on my other classes. Unfortunately, this turned out to be a(n) 9 . Not only were my study habits 10 , but also the lessons themselves were getting harder. I had to start over in terms of coming up with and 11 new study habits. With finals coming up, I have established my golden rule: there is no one 12 to new language learning. Once you commit and accept that you are a 13 , it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, failure, reassessment, and trying again. Am I fluent now? Not even 14 . And I may never be. But I learned how to be honest with myself and push through 15 . 1. A．carry on B．get by C．fit in D．keep up 2. A．confusing B．confused C．satisfying D．satisfied 3. A．participate B．provide C．enroll D．account 4. A．adapting B．engaging C．presenting D．reviewing 5. A．structures B．articles C．characters D．rules 6. A．radiation B．association C．duration D．attempt 7. A．pleased B．relaxed C．amazed D．shocked 8. A．exceptionally B．regularly C．literally D．obviously 9. A．challenge B．mistake C．accident D．escape 10. A．worsening B．changing C．developing D．overwhelming 11. A．breaking B．exposing C．maintaining D．kicking 12. A．trick B．link C．peak D．pork 13. A．victim B．beginner C．supporter D．winner 14. A．right B．ready C．sure D．close 15. A．shortcomings B．setbacks C．surroundings D．disasters 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习汉语的经过。作者报名了中文课，取得了不错的进步，结果因为懈怠又重新来过，让作者认识到学习语言是一个持续的过程。 1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在来中国之前，我认为我可以用英语应付。A. carry on继续；B. get by维持生计；C. fit in融入；D. keep up维持。根据上文“When I was 19 years old, I made my first visit to China as an exchange student. It wasn’t the first time I had been abroad.(19岁那年，我作为交换生第一次访问中国。这不是我第一次出国)”可知，作者来到了中国，一开始以为可以用英语应付中国的情况。故选B。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汉字完全是陌生的，令人困惑。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. confused困惑的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. satisfied满足的。根据上文“Chinese characters are totally foreign and”以及后文“I quickly got sick of not being able to understand anything(我很快就厌倦了什么都听不懂)”可知，作者对汉字和中国话感到困惑，故选A。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快就厌倦了什么都听不懂，所以我决定报读大学提供的中文课。A. participate参加；B. provide提供；C. enroll登记；D. account说明。根据后文“for the Chinese class my university offered”指报读大学提供的中文课，应用enroll。故选C。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每个工作日都上语文课，之后我至少花一个小时复习功课。A. adapting适应；B. engaging参与；C. presenting赠送；D. reviewing复习。根据上文“I had Chinese every weekday, after which I spent at least an hour”可知，作者上了课以后要花时间复习功课。故选D。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚上，我和我的朋友们互相测试我们必须记住的汉字。A. structures结构；B. articles文章；C. characters特性，汉字；D. rules规则。根据上文“for the Chinese class”以及后文“we had to memorize”可知，学习中文需要记住汉字，为此作者和朋友互相测试。故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我有意识地尝试在商店和餐馆用中文交流。A. radiation辐射；B. association协会；C. duration持续；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“to communicate in Chinese in stores and restaurants”可知，作者有意识地尝试在商店和餐馆用中文交流。故选D。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我能够与当地人保持简单的对话时，我感到很高兴。A. pleased高兴的；B. relaxed放松的；C. amazed惊叹的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文“maintain a simple conversation with the locals”可知，作者可以进行简单的对话，有了进步，感到高兴。故选A。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我的中文考试经常得A的时候，我想是时候从每天的中文学习中休息一下，把注意力集中在其他课程上了。A. exceptionally非常；B. regularly经常，定期地；C. literally按照字面意义地；D. obviously显然。根据后文“I thought it was time to take a break from studying for Chinese every day and focus on my other classes”可知，作者要从每天的中文学习中休息一下，把注意力集中在其他课程上，说明成绩好，经常得A。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这被证明是一个错误。A. challenge挑战；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. escape逃走。根据后文“I had to start over”以及“the lessons themselves were getting harder”可知，作者放松一下的决定是一个错误，故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不仅我的学习习惯变坏了，而且课程本身也越来越难了。A. worsening恶化；B. changing变化；C. developing发展；D. overwhelming压倒。根据后文“the lessons themselves were getting harder”可知，前后为并列，是在说明作者遇到的困难，即学习习惯变坏了，而且课程本身也越来越难了。故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须重新开始，养成并保持新的学习习惯。A. breaking打破；B. exposing暴露；C. maintaining维护；D. kicking踢腿。根据后文“new study habits”以及“I have established my golden rule”可知，作者重新开始养成并保持新的学习习惯。故选C。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着期末考试的临近，我确立了自己的黄金法则：学习新语言没有单一的诀窍。A. trick诀窍，骗局；B. link联系；C. peak巅峰；D. pork猪肉。根据后文“it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, failure, reassessment, and trying again”可知，学习语言是一个过程，没有诀窍。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦你承认自己是个初学者，这就变成了一个不断探索、失败、重新评估、再尝试的过程。A. victim受害者；B. beginner新手；C. supporter支持者；D. winner获胜者。根据后文“it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, failure, reassessment, and trying again”以及作者是一个初学汉语的新人可知，承认自己是初学者，学习语言就是一个持续的过程。故选B。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：差得远。A. right正确的；B. ready准备好的；C. sure确定的；D. close靠近的。根据后文“And I may never be.(我可能永远都不流利)”可知，作者的汉语远远不够流利。故选D。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我学会了如何对自己诚实，如何克服挫折。A. shortcomings缺点；B. setbacks挫折；C. surroundings环境；D. disasters灾难。根据上文“I had to start over”以及“it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, failure, reassessment, and trying again”可知，作者学习的过程中学会了克服挫折。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南怀化·期末）My English education in school was limited to just two hours a week — hardly enough to cover the basics. My first conversation with a native speaker — a border officer at Pearson airport — was a(n) 1 . He spoke fast, and I struggled to 2 with him. I had to use Google Translate just to make it through. Then, I found work in a fast-food restaurant, but my English was still so 3 that I could only ask basic questions, like how many hours I’d work or what I’d get 4 . After a month, my boss suddenly told me I was no longer needed, then paid me for only half the time I’d worked. I didn’t know how to 5 myself in English. Everything 6 when my friends suggested I use ChatGPT for questions and translations. I quickly realized that it offered more accurate 7 than Google. Soon I was using it to adjust my 8 , pick up related vocabulary and express my ideas more 9 . I even learned to form responses to tricky questions. My vocabulary 10 , and I became more natural in English. Of course, ChatGPT had its shortcomings. Sometimes the suggestions were stiff (生硬的) or didn’t 11 like something I would say, so I edited its responses to make them sound more natural too. ChatGPT has also become my go-to for bridging the 12 of culture. When a friend’s husband passed away recently, ChatGPT 13 telling my friend that I was sorry for her loss. It helped me understand that a(n) 14 remark like that would be enough. My next big goal is to apply for permanent (永久的) residency in Canada, which may require learning French to earn enough points. It’s challenging and a lot of hard work — but I have a 15 weapon. 1. A．association B．decline C．innovation D．disaster 2. A．put up B．catch up C．make up D．break up 3. A．limited B．delicate C．precise D．real 4. A．trained B．understood C．paid D．encouraged 5. A．reward B．impress C．defend D．prove 6. A．changed B．wandered C．combined D．appeared 7. A．concepts B．recordings C．answers D．structures 8. A．ambition B．character C．clue D．tone 9. A．rigidly B．gently C．distantly D．clearly 10. A．expanded B．relieved C．approached D．flashed 11. A．adapted B．sounded C．interpreted D．translated 12. A．entrance B．blank C．gap D．generation 13. A．avoided B．suggested C．enjoyed D．imagined 14. A．simple B．extreme C．horrible D．familiar 15. A．noble B．romantic C．traditional D．secret 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者英语水平有限，交流困难，后在朋友建议下使用ChatGPT，英语能力提升，还借助它跨越文化差异。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我第一次和以英语为母语的人交谈——皮尔逊机场的一名边防官员——简直是一场灾难。A. association协会，联系；B. decline下降，衰退；C. innovation创新；D. disaster灾难。根据后文“I had to use Google Translate just to make it through.”可知，这次交流很艰难，就像一场灾难。故选D项。 2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说得很快，我很难跟上他。A. put up张贴，搭建；B. catch up跟上；C. make up组成，编造；D. break up分手，解散。根据“He spoke fast”可知，因为对方说得快，所以作者很难跟上。故选B项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在一家快餐店找到了工作，但我的英语仍然非常有限，我只能问一些基本的问题，比如我要工作多少小时或者我能得到多少报酬。A. limited有限的；B. delicate精致的，脆弱的；C. precise精确的；D. real真实的。根据前文“My English education in school was limited to just two hours a week hardly enough to cover the basics.”和“I could only ask basic questions”可知，作者现在英语水平仍然有限。故选A项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在一家快餐店找到了工作，但我的英语仍然非常有限，我只能问一些基本的问题，比如我要工作多少小时或者我能得到多少报酬。A. trained训练；B. understood理解；C. paid支付；D. encouraged鼓励。根据前文“found work in a fast food restaurant”和“how many hours I’d work”可知，与工作相关会涉及工作时间和报酬问题。故选C项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何用英语捍卫自己的权益。A. reward奖励；B. impress使印象深刻；C. defend捍卫，保护；D. prove证明。根据前文“my boss suddenly told me I was no longer needed, then paid me for only half the time I’d worked”可知，老板这样的做法不合理，作者需要捍卫自己的权益。故选C项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的朋友建议我使用ChatGPT来提问和翻译时，一切都改变了。A. changed改变；B. wandered徘徊，漫步；C. combined结合；D. appeared出现。根据后文作者使用ChatGPT后英语能力提升等内容可知，一切都改变了。故选A项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到它提供的答案比谷歌更准确。A. concepts概念；B. recordings录音；C. answers答案；D. structures结构。根据前文“use ChatGPT for questions and translations”可知，使用ChatGPT是为了获取问题的答案。故选C项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我就用它来调整我的语气，学习相关词汇，更清晰地表达我的想法。A. ambition抱负；B. character性格；C. clue线索；D. tone语气。根据前文“adjust”和后文“pick up related vocabulary and express my ideas”可知，学习英语包括调整语气、学习词汇和表达想法等。故选D项。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快我就用它来调整我的语气，学习相关词汇，更清楚地表达我的想法。A. rigidly严格地；B. gently温柔地；C. distantly遥远地；D. clearly清楚地。根据后文“I even learned to form responses to tricky questions.”可知，使用ChatGPT提升了作者的英语能力，他甚至学会了回答棘手的问题，说明他能更清楚地表达想法了。故选D项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的词汇量扩大了，我说英语也更自然了。A. expanded扩大；B. relieved缓解；C. approached接近；D. flashed闪烁。根据前文“pick up related vocabulary”和后文“I became more natural in English”可知，词汇量会扩大了，英语更自然了。故选A项。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候建议很生硬，听起来不像是我会说的话，所以我也会编辑它的回复，让它们听起来更自然。A. adapted适应；B. sounded听起来；C. interpreted解释；D. translated翻译。根据“like something I would say”和“so I edited its responses to make them sound more natural”可知，ChatGPT有时听起来不像作者自己会说的话，所以作者会编辑它的话，让它更自然。故选B项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：ChatGPT也成了我弥合文化差异的首选工具。A. entrance入口；B. blank空白；C. gap差距；D. generation一代。根据后文“When a friend’s husband passed away recently, ChatGPT 13 telling my friend that I was sorry for her loss.”等例子可知，作者用ChatGPT来弥合文化差异的。故选C项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近一个朋友的丈夫去世了，ChatGPT建议我告诉我的朋友我对她失去亲人表示遗憾。A. avoided避免；B. suggested建议；C. enjoyed享受；D. imagined想象。根据前文可知，作者用ChatGPT解决问题，结合后文“telling my friend that...”可知，ChatGPT提出了建议。故选B项。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我明白，像那样简单的一句话就足够了。A. simple简单的；B. extreme极端的；C. horrible可怕的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“I was sorry for her loss”可知，这是一句简单的表达。故选A项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有挑战性，需要付出很多努力——但我有一个秘密武器。A. noble高尚的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. traditional传统的；D. secret秘密的。根据前文可知，ChatGPT帮助作者提升英语和跨越文化差异，是作者的秘密武器。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山西吕梁·期末）I used to avoid talking with strangers when I was young. The year I began my junior high, I had to move into a new city with my parents. Being new to the school made me even 1 , so it was beyond my understanding when Ms Black asked me to list the reasons why I refused to 2 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price — to write a five-page 3 on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night! Unwilling to get down to my 4 , I killed my time petting the cat after I got home — postponing the pain. When I finally sat down to 5 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighbors from 6 . One paragraph was there. Now what? I 7 on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the 8 I missed, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 9 . But when mum got home from work, I was still 10 . “Five pages! That’s impossible!” “Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said, “and I want to read it when you’re 11 .” Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a 12 — at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson”. 13 , mum laughed and laughed as she read. The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 14 they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. My 15 still needed some nudging (激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print. 1. A．braver B．shyer C．calmer D．happier 2. A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat 3. A．essay B．letter C．diary D．booklet 4. A．promise B．arrangement C．assignment D．priority 5. A．view B．listen C．write D．read 6. A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing 7. A．put B．reflected C．drew D．chewed 8. A．permission B．education C．intention D．attention 9. A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in 10. A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning 11. A．down B．through C．across D．in 12. A．lecture B．reason C．reward D．solution 13. A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Instead 14. A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict 15. A．confidence B．patience C．tolerance D．independence 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者因害羞在新学校很少说话，被老师要求写一篇关于“我为什么不应该在课堂上说话”的文章，作者起初感到很痛苦，但最终通过夸张的写作手法将作文写得幽默风趣，获得了老师和同学们的认可，也让作者意识到自己并不缺乏表达能力，只是需要克服害羞，提升自信。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刚来这所学校让我更加害羞，所以当Black女士让我列出我拒绝和周围任何人聊天的原因时，我无法理解。A. braver更勇敢的；B. shyer更害羞的；C. calmer更冷静的；D. happier更高兴的。根据上文“I used to avoid talking with strangers when I was young.(我小时候常常避免和陌生人说话)”以及“Being new to the school”可知，作者很害羞，搬到一个新地方让作者更加害羞，故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. nod点头；B. point指向；C. listen听；D. chat聊天。结合上文“avoid talking”和下文“Why I Should Not Talk in Class”可知，此处和talk同义，作者害羞所以拒绝和周围任何人聊天，故选D。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我正在付出代价——写一篇五页的文章，题目是“为什么我不应该在课堂上说话”。A. essay文章；B. letter信；C. diary日记；D. booklet小册子。根据“five-page”和下文“I handed the essay to mum”可知，作者要写一篇五页的文章，故选A。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不愿意认真对待我的作业，回家后我就用抚摸猫来打发时间，以推迟痛苦。A. promise承诺；B. arrangement安排；C. assignment作业，任务；D. priority优先事项。根据上文“Ms Black asked me to list the reasons”和“write a five-page ____3____”可知，老师给作者布置了作业，写一篇五页的文章，故选C。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于坐下来开始写作时，我从Black女士想听的理由开始。A. view观看，视为；B. listen听；C. write写；D. read阅读。根据上文“write a five-page ____3____”可知，作者要写一篇文章，此处指开始写，故选C。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：交谈使我和我附近的人无法学习。A. learning学习；B. playing玩；C. planning计划；D. laughing大笑。根据上文“to write a five-page ____3____ on ‘Why I Should Not Talk in Class’”可知，作者要写关于“为什么不能在课堂上说话”，推知如果作者在课堂上说话会影响自己和周围同学学习，故选A。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我咬我的铅笔。A. put放置；B. reflected反映；C. drew画；D. chewed咬住，不停地啃。根据上文“One paragraph was there. Now what?(已经写了一段了。现在写什么？)”和语境可知，作者在绞尽脑汁地在想写什么，推知此处指“咬铅笔”，故选D。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有那些我错过的教育，我就会去偷窃，进监狱。A. permission允许；B. education教育；C. intention意图，计划；D. attention注意力。结合上文提到说话影响学习以及“I’d turn to theft and go to prison”可知，作者认为如果在课堂上说话就影响学习，错过了受教育就会走向犯罪，故选B。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：书页飞快地飞过去。A. standing out突出；B. flying by飞过；C. breaking up分手；D. checking in登记，报到。根据上文“When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.””可知，作者写在课堂上说话会导致走向犯罪，出狱时人们会说自己以前常常在课堂上说话，推知作者开始文思泉涌，写了一页又一页，fly by在此处表示事情进展得很快，故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当妈妈下班回家时，我还在抱怨。A. celebrating庆祝；B. longing渴望；C. complaining抱怨；D. warning警告。根据“Five pages! That’s impossible!”可知，作者抱怨不可能完成五页的文章，故选C。 11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，你还是回去写吧，”她说，“我想等你看完后再读。”A. down向下；B. through通过，完成，结束；C. across横过；D. in进入。根据“you’d better get back to work”可知，妈妈让作者继续写，推知是等作者写完了妈妈要读一下，故选B。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还以为会听到一顿说教——至少是一句“我希望你吸取了教训”。A. lecture教训，谴责；B. reason原因；C. reward回报；D. solution解决办法。根据“at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson”.”可知，作者本以为妈妈会借此教训自己，故选A。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，妈妈一边读一边笑个不停。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Instead相反。下文“mum laughed and laughed as she read”妈妈的反应和作者期望的相反，故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出他们不是在取笑我：他们笑是因为我有能力讲一个有趣的故事。A. hope希望；B. imagine想象；C. tell看出，确切地判断；D. predict预测。根据“they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story”可知，作者看得出老师和同学们大笑不是在取笑自己，故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自信仍然需要一些鼓励，但我确实知道我在文字创造上并不害羞。A. confidence自信；B. patience耐心；C. tolerance容忍；D. independence独立。根据上文提到作者害羞可知，作者在自信心方面仍需某种激发从而使之增强，故选A。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高三上·安徽六安·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 19, Chen Yuxi’s 1 (achieve) in diving are already the stuff of legend: two Olympic gold medals and two silvers. Yet, as a freshman at Tongji University, she looks forward to her university experience with a sense of anticipation. Born in 2005 in Shanghai, Chen started her sporting life as a gymnast, 2 her earliest memories drawn from fragments of stories shared by her parents. While gymnastics had been taught to her by her father, the young girl faced a new challenge when she transitioned to diving — adapting to a new coach. Initially, she was resistant. 3 (terrify) of water, she struggled with swimming lessons, and despite the efforts of over a dozen coaches, she couldn’t seem to overcome her fear. “Back then, I just told 4 (I), ‘I’ve reached this level, so I have to give it my all.’ I practiced 5 (tireless), every day, until the last possible moment,” she said. Reflecting on her 6 (early) years in the sport, Chen admits that she struggled with self-doubt. She said, “I used to get caught up in every small detail. If I didn’t perform well in training, I would dwell on it for a long time, which affected my mindset, both in practice and competition.” Chen’s perspective on life is shaped by her experiences in diving, where she 7 (spend) over a decade honing her skills. “In diving, you have five attempts. You push through each one, even if you make mistakes along the way. You can’t afford 8 (get) discouraged, because you won’t know the results until you hit the water,” she noted. But for Chen, lessons learned in diving go far beyond 9 pool. “Life is about finding joy in the everyday moments, discovering 10 makes you happy, and constantly learning and growing. Whether it’s diving, academics or personal pursuits, I want to continue improving, stay strong and keep pushing forward,” she said. 【答案】 1. achievements 2. with 3. Terrified 4. myself 5. tirelessly 6. earlier 7. has spent 8. to get 9. the 10. what 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了19岁的跳水运动员陈芋汐的经历和她的感悟。 1. 考查名词复数。句意：19岁的陈芋汐在跳水领域的成就已经堪称传奇：两枚奥运金牌和两枚银牌。此处为名词作主语，achieve的名词为achievement意为“成就”，为可数名词，根据谓语动词“are”可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填achievements。 2. 考查介词。句意：陈芋汐2005年出生于上海，她最初的体育生涯是作为一名体操运动员开始的，她最早的记忆来自父母讲述的只言片语的故事。“with +宾语+过去分词”的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语，with表示“具有，带有”。故填with。 3. 考查形容词。句意：由于害怕水，她在游泳课上很挣扎，尽管有十几位教练付出了努力，她似乎还是无法克服自己的恐惧。be terrified of是固定短语，意为“害怕……”，这里用形容词“terrified”作状语，修饰主语“she”的状态，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Terrified。 4. 考查反身代词。句意：“那时候，我就告诉自己，‘我已经走到了这一步，所以我必须全力以赴。’此处为tell的宾语，主语和宾语为同一人，所以此处应为反身代词作宾语，主语为I，所以此处应为myself。故填myself。 5. 考查副词。句意：“我每天都不知疲倦地练习，直到最后一刻。”她说。此处应为副词作状语修饰动词practiced，tireless的副词为tirelessly。故填tirelessly。 6. 考查形容词比较级。句意：回顾自己在这项运动中更早的时光，陈芋汐承认自己曾与自我怀疑作斗争。结合语境，这里是在回顾她在这项运动中更早的那些年，与现在形成对比。“earlier”是“early”的比较级，意为“更早的”。故填earlier。 7. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：陈芋汐对生活的看法是由她在跳水中的经历塑造的，在跳水领域她已经花了十多年的时间磨练自己的技能。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语over a decade可知，此处应为现在完成时，spend与主语she之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has spent。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：“你不能气馁，因为直到入水的那一刻，你才会知道结果。”她指出。固定搭配afford to do sth.意为“负担得起做某事”可知，此处应为不定式形式。故填to get。 9. 考查冠词。句意：但对陈芋汐来说，在跳水中学到的东西远不止于泳池。根据pool可知，此处表示特指，所以应为定冠词the的用法。故填the。 10. 考查宾语从句。句意：生活就是在日常生活的瞬间找到快乐，发现什么能让你开心，不断学习和成长。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所以此处使用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be 1 (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically 2 (associated) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish 3 sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, which begs the question: Where, exactly, did hot pot originate? Some historians trace its beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, 4 invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots 5 (link) to Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they’d sit around the fires, 6 (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔). Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot 7 (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is a much 8 (mild) version with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to the original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, 9 makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness-everyone is free to add their favorite 10 (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go. 【答案】 1. absolutely 2. associated 3. to 4. who 5. were linked 6. enjoying 7. features 8. milder 9. what 10. items 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了火锅的历史起源、主要风格以及其受欢迎的原因。 1. 考查副词。句意：如果你曾经把勺子和筷子伸进一个深火锅里，你就会知道这道广受好评的菜绝对美味，吃起来也很有趣。修饰后文形容词delicious应用副词absolutely，作状语。故填absolutely。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：火锅通常与中国食物联系在一起，通常用各种中国传统食材调味，从生海鲜到蘑菇片不等。句中is seasoned为谓语动词，associate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语hot pot构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填associated。 3. 考查介词。句意：火锅通常与中国食物联系在一起，通常用各种中国传统食材调味，从生海鲜到蘑菇片不等。结合句意表示“范围从……到……”可知短语为range from…to…。故填to。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：一些历史学家追溯其起源到中国重庆附近长江和嘉陵江沿岸的船夫，他们发明了一种既便宜又高效的吃法。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词boatmen，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。 5. 考查动词时态语态。句意：另一些人认为早期的火锅与蒙古士兵有关。be linked to意为“与……有关”，是固定搭配。根据句意以及“early”可知宾语从句陈述过去的事情，要用一般过去时被动语态，主语hot pots是复数，be动词用were，故填were linked。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们穿越亚洲和其他地方旅行和露营时，他们会坐在火堆旁，在他们翻过来的头盔中享用热汤。本句谓语动词是would sit，enjoy是非谓语动词，与主语they是主动关系，要用现在分词形式作状语。故填enjoying。 7. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：四川火锅以麻辣著称。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为Sichuan hot pot，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填features。 8. 考查形容词比较级。句意：广东火锅是一个比较温和的版本，调料不那么辣。结合后文“with less spicy seasoning”可知此处应用比较级milder，表示“更温和的”。故填milder。 9. 考查主语从句。句意：尽管这道菜有多种变化，但使火锅成为世界各地人们最喜欢的菜肴的是它的包容性——每个人都可以把自己最喜欢的食材直接放进锅里，边煮边吃。空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用连接代词what引导。故填what。 10. 考查名词。句意：尽管这道菜有多种变化，但使火锅成为世界各地人们最喜欢的菜肴的是它的包容性——每个人都可以把自己最喜欢的食材直接放进锅里，边煮边吃。item为可数名词，设空处使用复数形式作宾语。故填items。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of lion dance are believed to date back over a thousand years in China. Traditionally 1 (perform) during the Chinese New Year and significant occasions, this art form is intended to ward off evil spirits and invite good fortune. 2 time, lion dance has emerged as a cultural bridge 3 (connect) diverse cultures, through a shared appreciation for its 4 (artist) beauty and symbolic significance. The story of Kelvin Tran, 5 participant in the 2024 World Chinese King of Lion Dance Championship, reflects the journey of cultural exchange. Tran grew up in a Sydney neighborhood 6 lion dancing is popular. At the age of eight, a family friend introduced him to the practice, marking his crucial step into the world of lion dance. It was his great enthusiasm 7 eventually made Tran co-found a lion dance team in 2018. “Our membership has grown to over 70 people, 8 reflects not only an increase in numbers but also the deepening of relationships among members,” he noted. “I wouldn’t just call them friends; I call them family,” Tran emphasized, highlighting how lion dance helps build and strengthen community ties in Australia. Despite not 9 (award) the “Lion Dance King”, Tran was satisfied with 10 his team had achieved. “Competing at such a significant competition is very special and incredibly meaningful to us,” Tran said. 【答案】 1. performed 2. Over 3. connecting 4. artistic 5. a 6. where 7. that 8. which 9. being awarded 10. what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了舞狮的起源、意义，还通过Kelvin Tran的故事展现了舞狮在文化交流中的桥梁作用及其社区凝聚力。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种艺术形式传统上是在中国新年和重要场合表演的，意在驱邪避凶，招来好运。空处在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语this art form构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式作状语。故填performed。 2. 考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，舞狮已成为连接不同文化的文化桥梁，通过对其艺术美感和象征意义的共同欣赏。结合语意可知，此处表示“随着时间的推移”，短语为over time，over置于句首，首字母大写。故填Over。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，舞狮已成为连接不同文化的文化桥梁，通过对其艺术美感和象征意义的共同欣赏。connect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语cultural bridge构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填connecting。 4. 考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，舞狮已成为连接不同文化的文化桥梁，通过对其艺术美感和象征意义的共同欣赏。空处修饰名词beauty，应用形容词artistic，作定语。故填artistic。 5. 考查冠词。句意：Kelvin Tran，2024年世界华人舞狮王锦标赛的参赛者的故事，反映了文化交流的历程。participant为可数名词，此处泛指一位参赛者，应用不定冠词，且participant是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：Tran在悉尼一个舞狮很受欢迎的社区长大。空处引导定语从句，先行词是Sydney neighborhood，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7. 考查强调句。句意：正是他极大的热情最终让Tran在2018年共同创立了一支舞狮队。本句使用强调句“It was+被强调部分+that+其它”，此处强调了主语his great enthusiasm，空处应用that。故填that。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：“我们的会员已经发展到70多人，这不仅反映了人数的增加，也反映了会员之间关系的加深，”他指出。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管没有获得“舞狮王”的称号，但Tran对自己的团队所取得的成就感到满意。award在句中作介词Despite的宾语，应用动名词形式，且结合语意，award与逻辑主语Tran构成被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。故填being awarded。 10. 考查宾语从句。句意：尽管没有获得“舞狮王”的称号，但Tran对自己的团队所取得的成就感到满意。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物，应用what引导。故填what。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·陕西西安·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Some students at a primary school organized an activity to raise money for the society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(SPCA). Due to their efforts, they eventually managed 1 (raise) 3, 500 in total. The students, together with their parents and teachers, then went to 2 supermarket to buy things to donate to the non-profit 3 (organize). They bought items 4 (list)on the SPCA’s wish list and filled up nine carts with kitty litter, bird food, paper towels, dog 5 (toy), etc. However, when the teacher Mrs. Carneiro was paying for the remaining items, she found that the school’s credit card 6 (refuse) as the amount charged was above the card limit. Unfortunately, Mrs. Carneiro didn’t take her wallet. And the parents were outside 7 (load) the items into the car. To her surprise, after seeing her problem, the kindhearted cashier Phyllis Collins 8 (generous) offered to use her own credit card to pay for $648 worth of items. They were all touched by Phyllis’ kindness and returned the money to Phyllis later that day. When asked 9 she did that, Phyllis said that she wanted to contribute 10 the children’s initiative. 【答案】 1. to raise 2. a 3. organization 4. listed 5. toys 6. was refused 7. loading 8. generously 9. why 10. to 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述一群小学生为SPCA组织筹集了3500美元的善款，然后他们和老师以及家长去超市用善款购买这家组织愿望清单上的东西，老师在付钱时发现超出了限额，令人惊讶的是收银员用自己的钱支付了648美元的东西，她也想贡献自己的一份力量。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他们的努力，他们最终筹集了3500美元。manage to do sth“设法完成某事”，故填to raise。 2. 考查冠词。句意：然后，学生们和他们的父母和老师一起去超市买东西捐给非营利组织。此处泛指“一家超市”，使不定冠词，supermarket首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 3. 考查名词。句意：同上。空处作宾语，前面有形容词修饰，应填名词形式，此处特指SPCA组织，应用名词单数，故填organization。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们买了SPCA愿望清单上的物品，用九辆手推车装满了猫砂、鸟食、纸巾、狗玩具等。list和items之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作定语，故填listed。 5. 考查名词复数。句意：同上。toy是可数名词，结合前面的并列短语“paper towels”可知，此处应用复数形式泛指多个玩具，故填toys。 6. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，当Carneiro老师夫人为剩余的项目付款时，她发现学校的信用卡被拒绝了，因为支付的金额超过了信用卡限额。主语credit card和refuse之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was refused。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：家长们在外面把东西装进车里。load和逻辑主语parents之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填loading。 8. 考查副词。句意：令她惊讶的是，在看到她的问题后，好心的收银员Phyllis Collins斯慷慨地提出用她自己的信用卡支付价值648美元的商品。空处修饰动词offered，应用副词形式，故填generously。 9. 考查宾语从句。句意：当被问及为什么这样做时，Phyllis说她想为孩子们的倡议做出贡献。空处引导宾语从句，结合句意可知表示“为什么”，使用连接副词why引导，故填why。 10. 考查介词。句意：同上。contribute to“为……做贡献”，故填to。 ( 乐思英语 ) 7 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 单元核心语法·精练 ) 选必二 Unit 2 Bridging cultures （名词性从句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、名词性从句的类型及引导词用法 用法介绍 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，不同类型从句需搭配特定引导词，引导词的选择取决于从句是否缺成分及语义需求。 从句类型 常见引导词 核心功能 示例 主语从句 that（无义，不缺成分）；what（表 “什么”，缺主 / 宾语）；whether（表 “是否”） 作句子主语，常后置用 it 作形式主语 That she passed the exam made us happy.（that 引导，无义）；What he needs is a book.（what 作 needs 的宾语） 宾语从句 that（可省）；if/whether（表 “是否”）；what/who（缺成分） 作动词或介词的宾语 He said (that) he would come.（that 可省）；I wonder if she will help.（if 表 “是否”） 表语从句 that（不可省）；what（缺成分）；whether（表 “是否”） 位于 be 动词后，说明主语内容 My hope is that we can travel together.（that 不可省）；This is what I want.（what 作 want 的宾语） 同位语从句 that（不可省）；whether（表 “是否”） 解释说明前面的名词（如 news, fact） The news that he won is true.（解释 news 的内容） 注意事项： 1. 引导词的成分属性：that 在所有名词性从句中均不充当成分，what/who/which 等需在从句中作主语、宾语等（如错误：I don’t know that he said. 正确：I don’t know what he said. 此处从句缺宾语，用 what）。 2. 主语从句的语序：主语从句需用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序（如错误：When will he come is unknown. 正确：When he will come is unknown.）。 二、it 作形式主语 / 宾语与名词性从句的搭配 用法介绍 当名词性从句（尤其是主语从句、宾语从句）较长时，常用 it 作形式主语或形式宾语，将真正从句后置，避免句子头重脚轻，使结构更平衡。 功能类型 核心结构 适用从句 示例 形式主语 It + be + 形容词 / 名词 / 过去分词 + 主语从句 主语从句 It is important that we study hard.（it 代替 that 从句作形式主语）；It is a fact that the earth is round. 形式主语 It + 不及物动词（happen, seem） + 主语从句 主语从句 It happened that I met her yesterday.（碰巧我昨天遇见了她） 形式宾语 动词 + it + 宾语补足语 + 宾语从句 宾语从句 I find it necessary that we practice more.（it 代替 that 从句作形式宾语，necessary 为宾补） 形式宾语 动词 + it + that 从句（无宾补） 宾语从句 He made it clear that he would not quit.（it 代替 that 从句，clear 为宾补） 注意事项： 1. it 的唯一性：形式主语 / 宾语只能用 it，不可用 this/that 等其他代词（如错误：I think that easy to learn. 正确：I think it easy to learn.）。 2. 真正从句的位置：形式主语后，真正主语从句必须后置；形式宾语后，真正宾语从句也需后置（如错误：It is strange what he didn’t come. 正确：It is strange that he didn’t come.）。 3. 与非从句结构的区分：it 作形式成分时，真正内容可为从句或不定式，需根据引导词判断（如 “It is easy to read.” 中 it 代替不定式，而非从句）。 三、that 与 what、if 与 whether 的用法区别 用法介绍 that 与 what、if 与 whether 均为名词性从句的引导词，但在功能、适用场景上差异明显，需结合从句是否缺成分及语义选择。 对比组 引导词差异 示例 that vs what that 无实义，不充当成分；what 有实义（“什么”），在从句中作主语、宾语等 That he came late surprised us.（that 无义，不充当成分） What he said is true.（what 作 said 的宾语，表 “他说的话”） if vs whether if 表 “是否”，不可用于句首、与 or not 连用等；whether 表 “是否”，适用所有场景 错误：If he will come is unknown. 正确：Whether he will come is unknown.（句首需用 whether） He asked whether I would go or not.（与 or not 连用需用 whether） 注意事项 1. that 的省略限制：宾语从句中 that 可省略，主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中 that 不可省略（如错误：He said he was busy. 可省略 that；错误：Is true he was busy. 主语从句中 that 不可省，应为 That he was busy is true.）。 2. what 的指代范围：what 可指代 “事物”，不可指代 “人”，指代人需用 who（如错误：What won the prize is a student. 正确：Who won the prize is a student.）。 一、单句语法填空题：在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．（23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末） is important to me now is that I study hard to get admitted to a good university. 2．（23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末）The problem is will lead the research team. 3．（24-25高二上·福建漳州·期末） I want to emphasize is that you should make it a rule to speak Mandarin. 4．（24-25高二上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期末）Recently many people have no idea of buying a house. I think the reason may be the house price is too high. 5．（24-25高二上·山东济宁·期末）Students’ overall development is the key to better education lies. 6．（24-25高二上·福建福州·期末）There is no escape from the long arm of the law. breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 7．（24-25高二上·福建福州·期末）A philosopher knows that in reality he knows very little. That is he constantly tries to achieve true insight. 8．（24-25高二上·江西南昌·期末）The rumor the company was going to lay off a significant number of employees spread quickly through the office. 9．（24-25高二上·江西南昌·期末）The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. 10．（24-25高二上·北京·期中） you really lack is self-confidence. 11．（24-25高二上·上海·期末） matters most in learning English is practising(用适当的词填空) 12．（24-25高二上·上海·期末）That was we did this morning. 13．（24-25高二上·江苏淮安·期末） life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved. 14．（24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）The children got down to (prepare) popcorn the instant they got they needed. 15．（24-25高二上·上海·期末）What he really means is he disagrees with us. 二、完成句子 1. （23-24高二上·福建莆田·期末）Yuan the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁隆平坚信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。 2. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）It is still in doubt the plan will be carried out . 该计划是否会实施还不确定。 3. （22-23高二上·广东广州·期末） people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams. 袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 4. （23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what surprised her was she found herself up in class after just a few weeks. 刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。 5. （24-25高二上·重庆渝中·期末）Yuan the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. (convince) 袁隆平坚信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。 6. （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末）Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distinct expression on their faces. It is they are asleep with their eyes open. 他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。 7. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）袁隆平给人们印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。 people most about Yuan Longping his ability to fulfill his dream. 8. （22-23高二上·广东广州·期末）最让我们印象深刻的是，全红婵小小年纪就赢得了奥运金牌。 about Quan Hongchan is   an Olympic gold medal at such a young age. 9. （23-24高二上·吉林长春·期末）我会尽我所能去实现我的梦想。 I will do I to achieve my dream. 10. （23-24高二上·吉林长春·期末）让这个孩子最担心的是，他没有被允许去看望在医院里的妈妈。 the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 11. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）只需切下一块够晚餐用的肉，把剩下的再放回去。 Just enough meat for your dinner, and put the rest back. 12. （23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）能否实现目标取决于努力而不是运气。 depends on . 13. （24-25高二上·广东茂名·期末）这家餐厅的亮点在于它有一个宽敞舒适的用餐区。 this canteen is it has a spacious and comfortable dining area. 14. （24-25高二上·广东汕头·期末）他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。（what引导主语从句） was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 15. （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末）So, how can I really know each student ? 那么，我是如何搞清楚每个学生为何会这样的呢? 三、完形填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期末）When I was 19 years old, I made my first visit to China as an exchange student. It wasn’t the first time I had been abroad. Prior to coming to China, I assumed that I would be able to 1 with English. It didn’t take long for me to realize how silly I was. Chinese characters are totally foreign and 2 . I quickly got sick of not being able to understand anything, so I decided to 3 for the Chinese class my university offered. I had Chinese every weekday, after which I spent at least an hour 4 the lesson. In the evening, my friends and I quizzed each other on the 5 we had to memorize. More importantly, I made a conscious 6   to communicate in Chinese in stores and restaurants. I was 7 when I was able to maintain a simple conversation with the locals. When I 8 achieved A’s on my Chinese exams, I thought it was time to take a break from studying for Chinese every day and focus on my other classes. Unfortunately, this turned out to be a(n) 9 . Not only were my study habits 10 , but also the lessons themselves were getting harder. I had to start over in terms of coming up with and 11 new study habits. With finals coming up, I have established my golden rule: there is no one 12 to new language learning. Once you commit and accept that you are a 13 , it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, failure, reassessment, and trying again. Am I fluent now? Not even 14 . And I may never be. But I learned how to be honest with myself and push through 15 . 1. A．carry on B．get by C．fit in D．keep up 2. A．confusing B．confused C．satisfying D．satisfied 3. A．participate B．provide C．enroll D．account 4. A．adapting B．engaging C．presenting D．reviewing 5. A．structures B．articles C．characters D．rules 6. A．radiation B．association C．duration D．attempt 7. A．pleased B．relaxed C．amazed D．shocked 8. A．exceptionally B．regularly C．literally D．obviously 9. A．challenge B．mistake C．accident D．escape 10. A．worsening B．changing C．developing D．overwhelming 11. A．breaking B．exposing C．maintaining D．kicking 12. A．trick B．link C．peak D．pork 13. A．victim B．beginner C．supporter D．winner 14. A．right B．ready C．sure D．close 15. A．shortcomings B．setbacks C．surroundings D．disasters Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南怀化·期末）My English education in school was limited to just two hours a week — hardly enough to cover the basics. My first conversation with a native speaker — a border officer at Pearson airport — was a(n) 1 . He spoke fast, and I struggled to 2 with him. I had to use Google Translate just to make it through. Then, I found work in a fast-food restaurant, but my English was still so 3 that I could only ask basic questions, like how many hours I’d work or what I’d get 4 . After a month, my boss suddenly told me I was no longer needed, then paid me for only half the time I’d worked. I didn’t know how to 5 myself in English. Everything 6 when my friends suggested I use ChatGPT for questions and translations. I quickly realized that it offered more accurate 7 than Google. Soon I was using it to adjust my 8 , pick up related vocabulary and express my ideas more 9 . I even learned to form responses to tricky questions. My vocabulary 10 , and I became more natural in English. Of course, ChatGPT had its shortcomings. Sometimes the suggestions were stiff (生硬的) or didn’t 11 like something I would say, so I edited its responses to make them sound more natural too. ChatGPT has also become my go-to for bridging the 12 of culture. When a friend’s husband passed away recently, ChatGPT 13 telling my friend that I was sorry for her loss. It helped me understand that a(n) 14 remark like that would be enough. My next big goal is to apply for permanent (永久的) residency in Canada, which may require learning French to earn enough points. It’s challenging and a lot of hard work — but I have a 15 weapon. 1. A．association B．decline C．innovation D．disaster 2. A．put up B．catch up C．make up D．break up 3. A．limited B．delicate C．precise D．real 4. A．trained B．understood C．paid D．encouraged 5. A．reward B．impress C．defend D．prove 6. A．changed B．wandered C．combined D．appeared 7. A．concepts B．recordings C．answers D．structures 8. A．ambition B．character C．clue D．tone 9. A．rigidly B．gently C．distantly D．clearly 10. A．expanded B．relieved C．approached D．flashed 11. A．adapted B．sounded C．interpreted D．translated 12. A．entrance B．blank C．gap D．generation 13. A．avoided B．suggested C．enjoyed D．imagined 14. A．simple B．extreme C．horrible D．familiar 15. A．noble B．romantic C．traditional D．secret Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山西吕梁·期末）I used to avoid talking with strangers when I was young. The year I began my junior high, I had to move into a new city with my parents. Being new to the school made me even 1 , so it was beyond my understanding when Ms Black asked me to list the reasons why I refused to 2 to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price — to write a five-page 3 on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night! Unwilling to get down to my 4 , I killed my time petting the cat after I got home — postponing the pain. When I finally sat down to 5 , I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighbors from 6 . One paragraph was there. Now what? I 7 on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the 8 I missed, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began 9 . But when mum got home from work, I was still 10 . “Five pages! That’s impossible!” “Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said, “and I want to read it when you’re 11 .” Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a 12 — at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson”. 13 , mum laughed and laughed as she read. The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could 14 they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. My 15 still needed some nudging (激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print. 1. A．braver B．shyer C．calmer D．happier 2. A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat 3. A．essay B．letter C．diary D．booklet 4. A．promise B．arrangement C．assignment D．priority 5. A．view B．listen C．write D．read 6. A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing 7. A．put B．reflected C．drew D．chewed 8. A．permission B．education C．intention D．attention 9. A．standing out B．flying by C．breaking up D．checking in 10. A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning 11. A．down B．through C．across D．in 12. A．lecture B．reason C．reward D．solution 13. A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Instead 14. A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict 15. A．confidence B．patience C．tolerance D．independence 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （24-25高三上·安徽六安·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At 19, Chen Yuxi’s 1 (achieve) in diving are already the stuff of legend: two Olympic gold medals and two silvers. Yet, as a freshman at Tongji University, she looks forward to her university experience with a sense of anticipation. Born in 2005 in Shanghai, Chen started her sporting life as a gymnast, 2 her earliest memories drawn from fragments of stories shared by her parents. While gymnastics had been taught to her by her father, the young girl faced a new challenge when she transitioned to diving — adapting to a new coach. Initially, she was resistant. 3 (terrify) of water, she struggled with swimming lessons, and despite the efforts of over a dozen coaches, she couldn’t seem to overcome her fear. “Back then, I just told 4 (I), ‘I’ve reached this level, so I have to give it my all.’ I practiced 5 (tireless), every day, until the last possible moment,” she said. Reflecting on her 6 (early) years in the sport, Chen admits that she struggled with self-doubt. She said, “I used to get caught up in every small detail. If I didn’t perform well in training, I would dwell on it for a long time, which affected my mindset, both in practice and competition.” Chen’s perspective on life is shaped by her experiences in diving, where she 7 (spend) over a decade honing her skills. “In diving, you have five attempts. You push through each one, even if you make mistakes along the way. You can’t afford 8 (get) discouraged, because you won’t know the results until you hit the water,” she noted. But for Chen, lessons learned in diving go far beyond 9 pool. “Life is about finding joy in the everyday moments, discovering 10 makes you happy, and constantly learning and growing. Whether it’s diving, academics or personal pursuits, I want to continue improving, stay strong and keep pushing forward,” she said. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be 1 (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically 2 (associated) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish 3 sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, which begs the question: Where, exactly, did hot pot originate? Some historians trace its beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, 4 invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots 5 (link) to Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they’d sit around the fires, 6 (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔). Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot 7 (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is a much 8 (mild) version with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to the original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, 9 makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness-everyone is free to add their favorite 10 (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of lion dance are believed to date back over a thousand years in China. Traditionally 1 (perform) during the Chinese New Year and significant occasions, this art form is intended to ward off evil spirits and invite good fortune. 2 time, lion dance has emerged as a cultural bridge 3 (connect) diverse cultures, through a shared appreciation for its 4 (artist) beauty and symbolic significance. The story of Kelvin Tran, 5 participant in the 2024 World Chinese King of Lion Dance Championship, reflects the journey of cultural exchange. Tran grew up in a Sydney neighborhood 6 lion dancing is popular. At the age of eight, a family friend introduced him to the practice, marking his crucial step into the world of lion dance. It was his great enthusiasm 7 eventually made Tran co-found a lion dance team in 2018. “Our membership has grown to over 70 people, 8 reflects not only an increase in numbers but also the deepening of relationships among members,” he noted. “I wouldn’t just call them friends; I call them family,” Tran emphasized, highlighting how lion dance helps build and strengthen community ties in Australia. Despite not 9 (award) the “Lion Dance King”, Tran was satisfied with 10 his team had achieved. “Competing at such a significant competition is very special and incredibly meaningful to us,” Tran said. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·陕西西安·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. Some students at a primary school organized an activity to raise money for the society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(SPCA). Due to their efforts, they eventually managed 1 (raise) 3, 500 in total. The students, together with their parents and teachers, then went to 2 supermarket to buy things to donate to the non-profit 3 (organize). They bought items 4 (list)on the SPCA’s wish list and filled up nine carts with kitty litter, bird food, paper towels, dog 5 (toy), etc. However, when the teacher Mrs. Carneiro was paying for the remaining items, she found that the school’s credit card 6 (refuse) as the amount charged was above the card limit. Unfortunately, Mrs. Carneiro didn’t take her wallet. And the parents were outside 7 (load) the items into the car. To her surprise, after seeing her problem, the kindhearted cashier Phyllis Collins 8 (generous) offered to use her own credit card to pay for $648 worth of items. They were all touched by Phyllis’ kindness and returned the money to Phyllis later that day. When asked 9 she did that, Phyllis said that she wanted to contribute 10 the children’s initiative. 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